JPS6236234B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic performance device that effectively stores and sets musical note information written on musical notes or staff notes, and controls performance sound generation.

The automatic performance device stores and sets a large number of musical note information to be played by some means, and reads out the stored musical note information by some means to generate automatic performance sounds. However, the number of notes to be played automatically is actually very large, and it is extremely difficult to store and set the note information for each note, including note lengths, rests, etc. Conventionally, for example, it has been considered to store pitch information and keying information associated with key presses when performing a performance operation on a keyboard section.

However, it is difficult to effectively convert the operating state of the keyboard section into, for example, digital information, and since no keys are operated for rests, it is difficult to detect and store that information. Become. What is more important is that only a person who has skill in playing a keyboard instrument can set the automatic performance sound when using a keyboard section such as this to store and set automatic performance sound information. Moreover, the stored contents are significantly influenced by the playing technique of the person who performed the input performance, making it difficult, for example, to accurately represent musical scores on automatically played sounds.

This invention was made in view of the above points, and anyone can easily and accurately set the performance tones corresponding to the musical notes represented on the musical score, for example, for automatic performance. The aim is to provide an automatic performance device that can be used effectively not only for enjoying music but also for composing music, etc. Input switches are set corresponding to musical notes, arranged in a matrix in order, and , the musical note information is stored by operating this input switch. Note information here mainly refers to note information (pitch and note) and rest information.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows its configuration.
a, 11b... are input switches configured as self-resetting type, and these input switches 11a, 11b...
They are arranged in a matrix so as to correspond to each pitch of C, C#, . And this switch 11a, 11b
. . are combined by OR circuits 12a, 12b, . . . for each pitch of C, C#, . Also, switch 1
The operation signals 1a, 11b, .
The information is written as write information to the storage device 16, which is a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like.

This storage device 16 is addressed by an address generator 17, which is a self-resetting set switch 1.
8 is reset by the signal supplied via the OR circuit 19, and when the switch 11a, 11b... is operated, the signal from the OR circuit 20 detects the signal, and the differential pulse from the differential circuit 21 is detected. It is constituted by, for example, a counter that receives the data via the OR circuit 22 and increments the specified address. The output signal from the OR circuit 20 is also supplied to a falling differentiation circuit 23, and its differential pulse is supplied to the storage device 16 as a write (W) command.

When performing automatic performance, press start switch 2.
Set 4. This switch 24 issues a read command (R) to the storage device 16 in its closed state.
The rising differentiation circuit 25 detects when the switch is turned on, and supplies the differential output to the OR circuit 19 to reset the address generator 17, and then the delay circuit 26 to which the differential output is supplied. The output of address 1 is supplied to the OR circuit 22, and the address generator 17 is incremented to specify the address of address 1.

When the storage device 16 is given a read command, it reads the pitch information and note length information of the address specified by the address generator 17 at that time, and the pitch information is sent to the DA converter 27. Converts to a pitch signal with a voltage value corresponding to high. The pitch signal obtained by this DA converter 27 is transmitted to a voltage controlled variable frequency oscillator 28 (hereinafter referred to as
The sound source signal obtained from this VCO 28 is supplied to a voltage-controlled variable filter 29 (hereinafter abbreviated as VCF) to generate a sound source signal with a frequency corresponding to the pitch. Voltage controlled variable gain amplifier 3
0 (hereinafter abbreviated as VCA) to generate a performance musical tone signal, which is supplied to a speaker 32 via an amplifier 31.

The VCF 29 and VCA 30 are supplied with envelope waveform signals from envelope generators 33 and 34, respectively, as control signals.
2, and generates a waveform signal that rises and decays in synchronization with the signal. The VCF29 changes the cutoff frequency in response to the supplied envelope waveform, changing the timbre of the musical tone signal over time to create a musical tone rich in naturalness, and the VCA30 changes the cutoff frequency in response to the supplied envelope waveform. The amplification gain is changed to control the opening and closing of the musical tone signal and to set the state of the volume envelope. That is, one performance sound is generated in response to the output signal from the OR circuit 22. In this case, the pitch signal supplied to the VCO 28 is level-converted and supplied to the VCF 29, so that a timbre setting that is perceptibly uniform over the entire tone range is achieved.

The digital note length information read from the storage device 16 is supplied to a comparison circuit 35. This comparison circuit 35 includes a counter 3 as comparison information.
6 is added, and when both pieces of comparison information match, an output signal is generated and supplied to the OR circuit 22 to advance the address generator 17. The counter 36 is supplied with the clock signal of the clock oscillator 38 as a counting step signal via an AND circuit 37 which is supplied with a gate signal when the start switch 24 is turned on.
The output of the rising differentiation circuit 25 corresponding to the closing operation of the switch 24 is reset via the OR circuit 39, and the oscillator 38 is also reset-controlled and initialized by the output of the differentiation circuit 25. The output of the comparison circuit 35 is also supplied to the OR circuit 39 via a delay circuit 40, so that the counter 36 is reset when a matching output occurs.

Figure 2 shows the operation panel of the device as described above. Correspondingly, operators 41a, 41b, . . . for turning on the switches 11a, 11b, . . . are arranged in a matrix. In addition, there are provided operators 42 and 43 for the switches 18 and 24, as well as a knob 44 for volume controlling the clock tempo of the clock oscillator 38. It is desirable to mark the musical speed signal 45 on the scale of this knob 44.

FIG. 3 shows a specific configuration example of the DA converter 27 to which read pitch information is supplied from the storage device 16. The read pitch information is obtained as, for example, 4-bit digital information. Decoder 4
Output signals are generated on output lines corresponding to pitches C, C#, D, . . . 6 in accordance with pitch information. The output signal corresponding to each pitch from the decoder 46 is applied as a switch signal to switch elements T ₁ , T ₂ , etc., which are configured to correspond to each pitch, and are configured to control conduction. be done. To each of the above-mentioned switch elements T ₁ , T _{2 .} . . , a voltage signal corresponding to each pitch is supplied from a voltage dividing circuit consisting of a power source E and resistors R 1 , R 2 , . . . , r 1 , r 2 , . The output pitch signal is output via the conductive switch element. In the figure, N indicates a rest mark, and the switch element T _N is designed to detect a ground potential with no performance sound.

That is, in the apparatus configured as described above, in order to set a piece of music to be played automatically, first the set switch 18 is turned on, and the address generator 17 is reset and initialized. In this state, the operator 41a, 41b, . . . on the panel surface is selected and operated to designate the pitch to be set and the note length to be set. For example, if you are trying to set an eighth note in C#,
Operate the operator 41f and turn on the switch 11f. When this switch 11f is operated, an output signal is obtained from the OR circuit 12b, and digital pitch information of pitch C# corresponding to this OR circuit 12b is outputted from the encoder delay 13 and stored in the storage device 16. will be supplied.

Also, at the same time, OR circuit 14 corresponding to an eighth note
An output signal is also generated from the encoder delay 15, and digital note length information corresponding to an eighth note is obtained and supplied to the storage device 16. The output of the OR circuit 14b also generates an output to the OR circuit 20, and the output of the rising differentiation circuit 21 increments the address generator 17 by one to generate an address designation signal for address 1. Then, in this state, when the operation of the operator 41f is released and the switch 11f is opened, an output signal is generated from the falling differentiation circuit 23, a write command is given to the storage device 16, and the output signal from the encoder delay 13, 15 is output. Digital pitch information and note length information,
It will be written and stored at the specified address 1. Then, writing of the initial pitch and note length information is completed.

Once one note information has been written in this way, the pitch and note length operators corresponding to the next note are operated. For example, the next note is pitch C and 4
If it is a diacritic note, operate the operator 41c to turn on the switch 11c. When the switch 11c is turned on, output is generated to the OR circuits 12a and 14c, and the output is generated from the encoder delay 13, 15.
digital pitch information and quarter note length digital note length information are now generated.
The address generator 17 is incremented to the state of specifying address 2 by the output of the differentiating circuit 21. And the differentiating circuit 23
Corresponding to the output, pitch and note length information corresponding to the input switch 11c is written and stored in address 2 of the storage device 16.

From then on, the operator 41
If a, 41b, .

In this manner, when the automatic performance is to be started with the performance sounds stored and set, the start switch 24 is turned on. When this switch 24 is turned on, it gives a read command to the storage device 16 and also gives a gate signal to the AND circuit 37. Further, an output is generated from the differentiating circuit 25, and the counter 36, clock oscillator 38, and address generator The device 17 is reset and initialized. Then, in this initialized state, an output is generated in the delay circuit 26, and the address generator 17 is incremented to designate the read address number 1 in the storage device 16, and to read the pitch and note length information of that number 1. It will read and output.

If the note information at address 1 in the storage device 16 is pitch C# and has an eighth note length, as shown in the above-mentioned writing, the note information corresponding to pitch C# is output from the DA converter 27. A voltage pitch signal is generated,
The VCO 28 generates a C# sound source signal. At this time, the output signal from the OR circuit 22 drives the envelope generating circuits 33 and 34, so the output envelope signal drives the VCF 29 and VCA 30.
is controlled, so that the speaker 32 generates a musical tone of C#.

On the other hand, the read note length information of the eighth note is supplied to the comparison circuit 35, and the clock oscillator 38
is compared with the count value of the counter 36 driven by
After a time corresponding to an eighth note has elapsed, the comparison circuit 35
An output signal is obtained from the address generator 17 to read out the next pitch and note length information from address 2 of the storage device 16. At the same time, the output of the delay circuit 40 resets the counter 36 to wait for the next count, and the output of the OR circuit 22 drives the envelope generators 33 and 34, which corresponds to the next readout pitch C. The performance sound will now be generated. In other words, the first C
The performance note # is expressed as an eighth note length, and the next output from the comparison circuit 35 causes the performance note C to be expressed as a quarter note length. Then, by repeating this process thereafter, the note information consisting of the pitch and note length information stored in the storage device 16 is read out including the rest information, and the musical performance is expressed.

In the embodiment described above, note information and rest information are stored in the RAM by manually operating the controls on the panel surface, so that the notes or rests are sounded exactly as indicated on the musical score during automatic performance. However, the information input operation means and RAM storage capacity were increased, and the output from the D-A converter was changed to VCF or
By also leading to the VCO, it is possible to automatically play performance sounds that also include musical sound expression information (staccato, cresciendo, etc.) stored in the musical score.

As described above, according to the present invention, automatic performance sounds can be easily and reliably memorized and set by sequentially operating the input switches arranged in accordance with the pitch and note length in accordance with the musical score. This system allows musical scores to be expressed by automatic performance sounds, and the essential effects of this type of device are significantly improved.It can also be effectively used for checking the performance of composed pieces, and is an automatic performance device. functions are effectively developed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the operation panel surface in the above embodiment, and FIG.
- It is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the A converter. 11a, 11b...input switch, 13, 15...
Encoder tray, 16...Storage device, 17...Address generator, 18...Set switch, 24...Start switch, 28...Variable frequency oscillator, 29
...Variable filter, 30...Variable gain amplifier, 33,
34...Envelope generator, 35...Comparison circuit, 3
6...Counter, 38...Clock oscillator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of input switches in which tone length information and tone pitch information are arranged in a matrix in a predetermined order, and an operation of the input switches is detected, and the tone length information and tone pitch information are processed. a storage means for storing musical note information as note information; an address generation means for sequentially specifying write or read address addresses of the storage means; and musical note information at an address specified by the address generation means from the storage means in response to a performance start command. means for reading out and controlling the generation of a performance sound corresponding to the reading; and means for controlling the address address of the address generation means in increments in response to note length information of the read musical note information. An automatic performance device characterized by: 2. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the note length information is note information.