JPS6237152B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a colored suede-like fabric.

For example, suede-like materials for automobile seats, furniture, suede-like sheets for interiors, and ultrafine spun-dyed fiber fabrics used therefor are targeted.

It seems that there have been few attempts to color ultrafine fibers as raw materials (called undyed dyeing) to improve their light fastness. Above all, there are many problems other than coloring in a light color (if you add a little carbon black, it will turn gray; if the fibers are thin, a dark color will not come out), there are many problems, and it is not as simple as ordinary people think at first. It turned out to be surprisingly difficult.

In other words, it has been found that it is difficult to produce artificial suede using ultrafine fibers from an industrial standpoint simply by spinning spun dyed polymers and making them ultrafine. A number of examples of these problems are as follows.

(1) In order to make it ultra-fine and produce sufficient color, it is necessary to mix a considerable amount of pigment (1-10%).
In such cases, A. Difficulty in spinning (e.g. yarn breakage, hole clogging, filter clogging, abnormal pressure increase) B. Fibers are weak.

C. When a strong mechanical action is applied to the fibers, such as by applying a crimper to the fibers to give them the shrinkage required for high-level processing, the color will come off from the surface. Textile oils may even become colored, including during stretching.

(2) In the case of suede-like sheets, polyurethane processing is performed, or dry cleaning or washing is performed when the product is made or during processing, but the fibers are extremely fine and cannot be used in the solvent used in such cases. Therefore, it was found that the solvent penetrates easily and the surface area is large, causing the pigment to dissolve or come out as a dispersed material. That is, for example, resistance to dimethylformamide, trichlorethylene, and perchlorethylene becomes a problem. This causes discoloration and transfer of color to other items.

(3) When producing ultrafine fibers, one of the easiest methods is the multicomponent simultaneous spinning method. In that case, even if one desired component (assuming that it forms an ultrafine fiber) is spun, it will often diffuse even during melt spinning and transfer to an undesired component.

For these several reasons, it has been difficult to produce synthetic suede products based on nonwoven fabrics (including knitted fabrics), knitted fabrics, and combinations thereof (of course, there are also problems associated with production control). Ta).

The object of the present invention is to solve some of these drawbacks and to provide a spruce-dyed suede-like fabric that can be put on the market in a substantial sense.

The present invention was finally achieved as a result of intensive research to solve these problems. Its outline is as follows.

(1) Ultrafine fibers of less than 0.7 denier, the ultrafine fibers having a substantially core-sheath type structure, where the core is colored with the raw material and the sheath is not colored with the raw material or is thinner than the core with the raw material. A colored suede-like fabric characterized in that the main part of the nap is formed by colored ultra-fine spun-dyed fibers.

Next, details of the configuration and preferable conditions will be described.

The denier (core sheath) of the ultra-fine spun-dyed fibers used in the main part of the raised part of the colored suede-like fabric of the present invention is preferably less than 0.7 denier for suede, and particularly preferably 0.3 denier or less.

The reason for this is that when made of suede, it not only feels smooth to the touch, but also has a good suede effect (lighting effect). When the latter becomes extremely fine, problems arise,
Therefore, the effects of the present invention are further enhanced. Furthermore, if it is too thin, the effect may be difficult to understand and may be inconvenient to implement, so it is preferably 0.001 denier or more, particularly 0.05 denier or more. The core sheath structure is one core (round, square,
It is surrounded by one covering component (the shape is not specified, such as multi-lobed), and it does not matter whether the core is eccentric or central. The external shape of the pods is also not specified.

Next, I will explain the terminology used to refer to fibrils when making ultra-fine core sheaths.

The island-sea type structure is defined here as one in which at least one component is independent in many parts in the cross section of the fiber, and at least one other component is interposed or surrounding it. It also does not specify the shape of islands or oceans. Multi-component fibers containing fibers with such a structure refer to fibers in which one or more other components (usually three-component composite spun fibers) are added and are interposed between, adhered to, or surrounded by a plurality of these components. 1st~
Figure 3 shows an example, where A is the core, B is the sheath, and C
indicates an intervening component. All of these fibers contain core-sheath type fibers.

Methods for spinning such fibers have been clarified through various proposals regarding two-component and three-component spinning, and can be implemented relatively easily by extension thereof.

The purpose of the present invention is completely different from that in which a large amount (for example, 30 to 50%) of carbon black is added to the core in order to make conductive fibers, and there is a large difference in the denier dimension and the core composition. They are clearly different due to the amount of metal, obvious differences in usage, and unique problems associated with ultra-fineness.

In addition, it is completely different from those in which titanium oxide, which has a whitening effect, is added to improve stretchability, in terms of practical effects and the like. Moreover, since a large denier does not include many problems that are to be avoided as mentioned in the present invention, it is unnecessary to adopt a special structure such as a large invention.

In the present invention, since the ultrafine fibers have a coating component, the color may appear slightly pale, but this does not impair the effectiveness of the present invention. In this respect, it is more preferable to select a polymer with a small refractive index for the coating component (sheath).

Since there are many cases where this is not possible, it goes without saying that the coating component (sheath) may be dyed as long as the problems to be avoided by the present invention do not occur (for example, at a low concentration). In fact, sometimes it's preferable because of the color.

If the number of cores is too small, it is not preferable because the coloring properties will be deteriorated, but if the number of cores is too large, the coating becomes too thin, it becomes difficult to achieve the desired avoidance, so it is not preferable. Preferably it is 90-10%, particularly preferably 60-30%.

(It should be noted that although the coating component looks like a thin skin in the diagram, the component ratio is unexpectedly high because it surrounds the outside.If you draw concentric circles and vary the area ratio, (I can understand it well).

The pigment used is preferably inorganic, and if it is organic, it should not dissolve or disperse easily in dimethyl formamide, trichlorethylene, etc., but it should be sufficiently dispersed and mixed in order to stabilize spinning. It's good.

Furthermore, when using staples, the cut surface is exposed and the covering effect is impaired, but this does not completely impair the effectiveness of the present invention. This is because the exposed area ratio is overwhelmingly small compared to others, and the extent is reduced because the ultra-fine cut surface is often crushed as if sealed when cut. . Therefore, even when using staples, long ones are preferable, for example, 76mm, 88mm, 102mm rather than 51mm.
Preferable in order of mm. The same thing can be said from the viewpoint of other physical properties.

By adopting the configuration of the present invention, the following effects are achieved.

The present invention solves many of the following problems that arise due to the ultrafine fibers containing a large amount of pigment.

(1) Because the colored suede-like fabric has a coated structure, the pigment of the core component is protected, and color fading during the drawing process and crimp process, which was a problem with conventional spun-dyed ultrafine fibers of less than 0.7 denier, is avoided. It has excellent weather resistance because it does not occur or is extremely reduced.

(2) The coating components compensated for the decrease in strength and prevented significant changes in surface friction characteristics.

(3) For various detergents and post-processing solvents such as trichlorethylene and dimethylformamide,
Pigment extraction and dispersion were protected, and a significant shedding prevention or reduction effect could be achieved.

(4) When spinning ultrafine fibers, multi-component composite spinning methods (such as exfoliation type and island sea type) are often used, but in that case, pigments often migrate from the dyed component to the intervening component. However, in the present invention, even in this case, the coating component protects these pigments, and in some cases, the component itself takes over the migration of pigments (substitution effect) and prevents migration to undesired components. In this case, three-component composite spinning is most preferably used. One component in this case is an intervening component. Depending on the other two components, it preferably takes on a plurality of core-sheath structures.

By doing this, for example, intervening components can be washed (removed) with trichlorethylene, and further processed with a dimethylformamide solution of polyurethane (in addition, dimethylacetamide solution, N-methylpyrrolidone solution, etc.). Summer.

For this reason, it has become very easy to make colored suede-like fabrics. Although it may seem complicated at first glance, it does not come with any major disadvantages in terms of cost. This is because good dyeing of composite sheets of microfibers and polyurethane is often very expensive (to satisfy both density and fastness).

On the other hand, it is resistant to practical detergents (washing with soap or synthetic detergents, dry cleaning, etc.) and perfume liquids, and its coating components improve light and weather resistance.

A colored suede-like fabric containing spun-dyed fibers as in the present invention is preferably used as a suede with raised naps that takes advantage of the light resistance of spun-dyed fibers.

For example, it is processed into a new suede-like material and is extremely effectively used for light-resistant automobile chair upholstery (seats), upholstery for reception sets, wall covering materials, and the like.

Examples will be shown next, but the effectiveness of the present invention is not limited or restricted by these, but rather brings about the following application development.

Example: Polyethylene terephthalate as a core component
Master Chip 1 containing 38% brown-based mixed inorganic pigments
A mixture of 9 parts of polyethylene terephthalate is used as a sheath component, and polyethylene terephthalate is used as a sheath component, and these are configured as shown in Figure 1, with styrene (78 parts) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (22 parts) as intervening components. Three-component composite spinning was performed using the copolymer at a ratio of 50:30:20, and the spinning was carried out at 1300 m/min. This undrawn yarn
It was stretched 3.5 times on a 95°C liquid bath.

It was then passed through a crimper to give a crimping of 12.5 threads/in, and then cut to 88 mm. Of course, a fiber oil agent is added to this product during the above process. Next, it was put on a card to form a web, and then layered and shifted using a cross wrapper to form a laminated web. Next, perform needle punching at 4500 needles/ ^cm2 , and
A felt of g/m ² was obtained. It was heat-shrinked while applying a 12% polyvinyl alcohol (partially saponified) solution, dried at 100°C to 150°C, and heat set at 140°C. Thereafter, it was thoroughly washed with a trichlorethylene solution to remove 98% or more of the styrene copolymer component. After drying, impregnate with 12% polyurethane dimethyl formamide solution containing 0.5% carbon black, and apply 30° dimethyl formamide solution.
It was coagulated in an aqueous system, and the solvent and deglue were removed in an aqueous chemical solution at 80 to 100°C. After drying, it was sliced into two pieces and buffed with sandpaper more on the front side and less on the back side.

This product was then rubbed in a circular machine containing finishing oil at 100°C, cooled, taken out, and the hair was smoothed out with a raised cloth before drying.

This material is a brown dyed suede-like artificial leather fabric, and has excellent napping and weather resistance for use as car seat seats, reception chair upholstery, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 are rows of three-component spun-dyed fiber-generating fibers containing core-sheath ultrafine spun-dyed fibers used in the present invention. A, B, and C each indicate a component.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Ultrafine fibers of less than 0.7 denier, the ultrafine fibers having a substantially core-sheath type structure, the core being colored by the raw material, and the sheath not colored by the raw material or colored by the raw material thinner than the core. A colored suede-like fabric characterized in that the main part of the nap is formed by ultra-fine spun-dyed fibers.