JPS624347B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

This invention relates to a clay that has the advantages of both fibrous clay and mineral clay. Clay has been widely used as a material for modeling since ancient times, and has been used not only as a raw material for ceramics and as a teaching material for modeling in schools, but also in recent years as a material for synthetic resin, celluloid,
Its uses are increasingly expanding, such as by spreading it thinly and applying it to the surface of objects made of glass, metal, wood, etc. to create crafts and three-dimensional maps. For this reason, clay has (i) shape retention that does not cause natural deformation due to its own weight immediately after modeling, and (ii) the ability to maintain the shape of the object surface when it is applied by hand or with a spatula. degree of adhesion, (iii) elongation when applied to the surface of the model, (iv) stickiness or adhesion to the hands or spatula during application, (v) texture of the clay itself, and (vi) dryness. Problems include peeling afterwards and (vii) cracking and roughness of the clay surface after drying. If the shape retention mentioned in (i) above is not sufficient, the shape will sag and deform before it dries and becomes stronger after modeling, especially for things such as artificial flowers and dolls that cannot be made large in thickness or thickness. The phenomenon is remarkable. the above
When the degree of adhesion mentioned in (ii) is not sufficient, during the process of painting, the area that was applied first is pulled by the area that will be applied later, resulting in a so-called "mekure" shape. When the elongation mentioned in (iii) above is not sufficient, it becomes impossible to apply the material by pressing it onto the surface of the object and spreading it thinly. state. If the stickiness or adhesion caused by (iv) above is too strong, the amount of adhesion on the hands and spatula increases instead of on the surface of the modeled object, making the work difficult and causing what is called a dirty hand.
When the texture described in (v) above is not good, the surface loses its smoothness and becomes noticeably rough, giving it a rough shape. If the peeling phenomenon described in (vi) above exists after drying, the surface of the workpiece after painstaking machining will become uneven. If cracks occur on the clay surface after drying as described in (vii) above, the beauty of the surface of the workpiece will be lost, and if the texture of the clay surface is not sufficient, rough skin will appear on the clay surface. Become. However, these required properties are not met, for example, if hardened clay is used to improve shape retention, it will naturally have poor elongation, and if you want to improve the degree of adhesion to the molded object, it will be difficult to use your hands or spatula. There are many things that contradict each other, such as the adhesion of
Obtaining good quality clay is quite difficult. Conventionally, so-called clay, which is mainly composed of clayey minerals such as kaolin and bentonite, has been most widely used. However, these mineral clays contain various mineral substances depending on the region of production, and in many cases, the properties during use are adjusted only by adjusting the moisture content, so it is difficult to simultaneously satisfy the contradictory requirements mentioned above. Although it is widely used due to its greatest feature of being extremely difficult to obtain and being available at a low price, its uses are inevitably limited. In addition, fibrous clay, which is made by dispersing wood pulp or other fibrous materials in water, adding a glue such as a synthetic resin, and dehydrating it appropriately, has properties such as adhesion to objects, elongation during modeling, and strength after drying. In addition to being able to freely adjust the color of the clay, it can be made into colored clay by dyeing the fiber material itself, and is used for purposes other than mineral clay. However, shape retention immediately after modeling,
As a result of the appearance of fibers on the surface, it is possible to form an elegant surface, but the texture and texture are not necessarily good, and the shrinkage due to drying is severe, so when it is applied to the surface of a modeled object, it may be difficult to This causes disadvantages such as peeling. In consideration of the above problems, this invention solves the above problems by blending a fiber material and a clay mineral and using an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution containing unsaponified acetyl groups as a glue material. It is something. The clay according to the invention is produced as follows. That is, fiber materials such as wood pulp are crushed in water,
After coloring the fiber material with dyes or pigments, the weight ratio of the fiber material to water is 100:100 or 100.
Dehydrate until it becomes about 50% water. On the other hand, the above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol containing unsaponified acetyl groups is commercially available in powder form as "Denka HV Polymer" (trademark), so it is about 15 to 3 times the weight ratio of this polymer powder. After adding water,
Glue is made by heating to an appropriate temperature (approximately 90°C) as necessary to dissolve the polymer powder. An appropriate amount of fungicide is added to the paste material. Furthermore, as mineral components, talc, clay (kaolin), dicalite (perlite), calcium carbonate, and bentonite, which are generally available in powder form, can be added to make up 60% of the total weight of the clay depending on the purpose.
Select and mix appropriately so that the amount does not exceed . Of these, talc increases the luster of the clay's skin, clay makes it glossy and spreads well, and bentonite increases its spreadability and stickiness. Dicalite and calcium carbonate are fillers. The colored material (containing water) configured as described above, the above-mentioned paste (containing water) and mineral components are mixed and kneaded together. At this time, polyethylene oxide is added as an additive in an amount of about 2% by weight based on the total weight to suppress stickiness and give some gloss. The inventors experimentally produced the following eight types of clay with various formulations and compared their properties. (A) Thickening material (5% solution of polymer) consisting of 5% of the above polymer powder and 95% water, 50% of polyethylene oxide (PEO), and 83.3% of water.
PEO solution 6%, pulp 8%, clay 17%, talc 9%, dicalite 10% (B) Thickening material (10% polymer solution) consisting of 10% of the above polymer powder and 90% water (10% polymer solution) 50%, PEO solution 6 %, pulp 8%, clay 17%, talc 9%, dicalite 10% (C) Thickening agent (15% solution) consisting of 15% of the above polymer powder and 85% water, 50% PEO solution, 6% pulp, 8% pulp
%, clay 17%, talc 9%, dicalite 10
% (D) Polymer 15% solution 54%, PEO solution 6%, pulp 8%, clay 9%, talc 13%, dicalite 10% (E) Polymer 15% solution 49%, PEO solution 6%, pulp 8% , 14% clay, 13% talc, 10% dicalite (F) 68% 15% polymer solution, 2% PEO solution, 14% pulp, 8% clay, 6% talc, 1.5% bentonite (G) 18% polymer solution 58.6%, PEO solution 1.4%, pulp 20%, clay 20% (H) 10% polymer solution 55%, PEO solution 2%, pulp 33%, talc 10% The properties of the above eight types of clay were compared. The results were as shown in the table below.

TABLE Generally, as the weight ratio of polymer and mineral components to pulp decreases, the clay itself becomes more visible. Then, when shaping, the clay loses its elasticity and becomes difficult to push, making it possible to shape or adhere only by pressing, and the clay itself becomes crumbly. Moreover, after drying, the clay surface becomes uneven. In addition, especially when the molded object has a glossy finish such as glass, when trying to press and adhere the molded object, the molded object tends to form a sticky shape. Furthermore, as the weight ratio of the polymer increases, shrinkage due to drying increases. However, by incorporating an appropriate amount of mineral ingredients, this shrinkage is reduced, preventing roughness of the skin and creating shine. In this embodiment, HV polymer is used, but PVA can also be used as a glue material, as is well known. HV polymer has higher viscosity than PVA, which improves its spreadability as clay and its adhesion to molded objects. However, this alone causes stickiness to hands, spatulas, etc., which can be improved by incorporating PEO. If a slight decrease in properties is tolerated, PEO can be replaced with cheaper PVA. To specifically explain this effect using the above eight types of clays A to H, as the HV polymer increases from A to C, the properties of the clay are significantly improved, but the degree of shrinkage increases. Comparing B and H, B has only 8% pulp and a total of 27% clay and dicalite mixed in, while H has 33% pulp. As a result H
The texture and softness are good, but the shrinkage is large. Comparing D, B, and E, as the amount of clay and talc increases, the elasticity improves, but softness and roughness occur, and the spreadability worsens. Comparing F and G, G has less PEO and more clay, talc, and bentonite components, so it sticks to your hands, and it has a higher amount of pulp, which improves stickiness. Comparing H and G, H contains only 10% talc, so even though it contains less HV polymer,
Large contraction. As explained above, according to the present invention, the properties can be adjusted to the desired properties over a wide range of ingredients by blending the glue material, fiber components, and mineral components, and the properties can be adjusted to the desired properties, such as texture, spreadability, firmness, and smoothness on the hands. It is possible to prepare an extremely superior clay that has less adhesion to the clay and less shrinkage due to drying. If inorganic fibers such as asbestos or metal fibers are used as fibers and a relatively large amount of clay mineral components are added, the shapeability is improved by the glue, and by baking this and sintering the mineral components, The clay of the present invention takes advantage of its properties, such as the ability to produce fibre-reinforced pottery, and opens up new uses that have not been seen before.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A clay in which a sizing agent is mixed with crushed fiber material and mineral component powder, in which the fiber material is mixed with 5 to 30% of the fibrous material.
5 to 20% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol containing unsaponified acetyl groups as a thickener, one or more mineral component powders with a total of up to 60% by weight, and about 2% by weight of additives, A clay characterized by the balance being made up of water. 2. The clay according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous material is a fibrous material whose main component is inorganic fibers such as asbestos and metal fibers. 3. A patent claim characterized in that the additive includes polyethylene oxide, and the polyethylene oxide is blended in a weight ratio of 0.5% to 20% with respect to the unsaponified acetyl group-containing polyvinyl alcohol. The clay according to item 1 or 2 of the range. 4. The mineral component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more mineral components are selected from talc, clay (kaolin) dicalite (perlite), calcium carbonate, and bentonite. clay.