JPS6247478B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing solid fuel using industrial waste, particularly waste plastics, solid or liquid oil sludge, and paper sludge.

JP-A-56-62891 has been proposed as a method and apparatus for producing solid fuel using waste plastics, waste oil such as solid or liquid oil sludge, and industrial waste such as paper sludge.

This involves drying organic sludge such as sludge to a predetermined moisture content, then adding at least waste oil such as solid or liquid oil sludge and plastic waste, drying while mixing, and solidifying into a predetermined shape. In addition, the addition ratio of raw materials is 60 to 80 parts of organic sludge, 15 to 25 parts of waste oil such as solid or liquid oil sludge, and 5 to 15 parts of plastic waste.
Department.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the prior art, the above-mentioned three types of raw materials are simply mixed using a rotary mixer, so variations occur between products, and the quality of the ingredients is averaged. There was a problem that the product could not be obtained.

In addition, plastic waste is simply crushed into powder or particles and has not undergone any processes such as dissolution or decomposition, so it is burned as plastic waste itself, and when burned,
Not only does it melt in the furnace and adhere to the rostol, damaging the furnace, but it is also emitted mixed with the ash without being burned.
It was also a cause of pollution.

In particular, when vinyl chloride or the like is used as a raw material, chlorine gas is generated during combustion, damaging the furnace and polluting the atmosphere.

Furthermore, the plastic waste also contains heavy metals and other impurities, and the presence of these impurities not only causes a decrease in calories, but also causes them to melt in the furnace during combustion and adhere to the rostol, etc. This caused damage to the furnace, and the combustion residue also contributed to pollution.

Therefore, the solid fuel of the prior art cannot be used except in a furnace exclusively for plastics, and it has been difficult to make it widely available.

Furthermore, in the prior art, waste oil with a low oil content, such as solid or liquid oil sludge containing pitch or coal tar, is used as it is, so it contains many impurities and residues, and only a low-calorie product can be obtained. However, since it is said that it is most preferable to add about 70 parts of low-calorie organic sludge, the solid fuel obtained from the conventional technology inevitably has a low calorie content. Therefore, its utility value was low.

Furthermore, since the production equipment in the prior art is simply a rotary mixer equipped with a centrifuge, it is difficult to purify plastic waste and make it non-polluting and high in calories. In addition, it is difficult to remove impurities and residue from waste oil such as solid or liquid oil sludge and make it high-calorie, and furthermore, it is difficult to obtain a high-quality product with evened out content. existed.

For this purpose, we refine plastic waste to make it non-polluting and high-calorie, and also remove impurities and residue from solid or liquid oil sludge to make it high-calorie. There has been a strong desire to develop a manufacturing method and an apparatus for producing solid fuel.

Summary of the Invention The present invention was made in response to the above-mentioned needs, and it purifies solid and liquid oil sludge to remove contained impurities and produce high-quality water-containing waste oil.
This water-containing waste oil is further centrifuged to obtain high-quality waste oil, and waste plastics crushed into powder or granules and from which metals have been removed are mixed and dissolved in this waste oil.
After gasifying this solution, it is cooled, waste plastics are made into a non-polluting oil, and a predetermined proportion of dried pulp and chemicals such as carbon are mixed and kneaded into the resulting oil to produce a stable high-calorie product that is non-polluting. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel that is easy to handle, has a high quality and low ash content, and has an averaged content.

Means for Solving Problems First, to explain the first invention, liquid oil sludge is heated to around 60°C to separate oil and water, and impurities such as water, sand, and rust are removed to reduce the content to around 5%. The solid oil sludge is heated to form a sludge, and the sludge-like oil sludge is pulverized and melted under heating at around 60°C to remove impurities such as sand and rust. The above two types of water-containing waste oil are stirred and mixed under heating at around 60℃ to obtain a high-quality water-containing waste oil with a water content of around 5%. After the solid waste sludge that has settled is removed, it is floated at the same time. This solid waste sludge and water-containing waste oil from which floating substances such as dust have been removed are heated to around 60℃ and centrifuged to remove solid waste such as water, fine sand, and rust. The sludge is removed to produce high-quality waste oil with 100% oil content.
After heating to around 300℃, waste plastics such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene are crushed into pieces of about 1 mm, metals are removed from this granular or granularly crushed waste plastics, and then sprayed and washed.
The dried waste plastics are dried with hot air at around 100°C and then fed in a fixed amount into the waste oil, and the ratio of the waste plastics to the waste oil is 70 to 80% on a weight basis. , the waste plastics mixed in the waste oil heated to around 300°C are dissolved, and the solution consisting of the waste plastics and waste oil is further heated to around 450°C to decompose and gasify,
This gas is cooled to around 60℃ to produce oil, and on the other hand, hot air at around 450℃ is sent to the paper sludge, which has a moisture content of around 65%, and is successively dried to become hydrated. Dry pulp with a ratio of around 20%, and on a weight basis, 40 to 60% of the produced oil, 35 to 50% of the dry pulp, 1 to 2% of carbon, and 1 to 4 of lime.
%, sodium silicate 2-3%, magnesium carbonate 1%
It is characterized in that it is uniformly mixed, further kneaded, and then shaped into a desired shape.

Next, to explain the second invention, liquid oil sludge is heated to around 60°C to separate oil and water, and impurities such as water, sand, and rust are removed, resulting in a high quality product with a moisture content of around 5%. A heating tank 3 is provided to turn the water-containing waste oil into water-containing waste oil, and a heating machine 8 is provided to heat the solid oil sludge into a sludge-like form.
A pulverizing and melting tank 9 is connected to the heater 8 to remove impurities such as sand and rust to produce high-quality water-containing waste oil with a water content of around 5%, and the two types of water-containing waste oil are After homogenization by stirring and mixing under heating at around 10°C, a mixing tank 5 for removing precipitated solid waste sludge is connected to the heating tank 3 and the crushing and melting tank 9, and the homogenized water-containing waste oil is A standby tank 24 for removing contained solid waste sludge and at the same time removing floating dust etc. is connected to the mixing tank 5, a waste oil tank 101 is connected to the standby tank 24 via a pump 27,
A centrifugal separator 102 is connected to the waste oil tank 101 and connected to the centrifugal separator 102, which removes solid waste sludge such as water, particulate sand, and rust to produce high-quality waste oil with 100% oil content. A dissolution tank 104 is connected to a service tank 103, and on the other hand, waste plastics such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene are
A crusher 105 that crushes into particles or granules of about mm size
A metal separator 106 is installed, and a mesh conveyor 107 and a dryer 108 are connected to the separator 106 to spray and wash the waste plastics, which are then dried with hot air at around 100°C. A raw material tank 110 is connected to the raw material tank 110 via a scraper conveyor 111, a supply hopper 112, and a screwdriver 11.
A decomposition tank 11 is connected to the dissolution tank 104 through the dissolution tank 104, and is connected to the dissolution tank 104 for dissolving waste plastics mixed in waste oil heated to around 300°C.
4, and the decomposition tank 114 heats and decomposes the solution from the dissolution tank 104 to around 450°C to gasify it.
A condenser 115 is connected to the condenser 115, which cools this gas to around 60°C and converts it into a product oil, and an oil measuring tank 28 and a mixer 29 are connected to the condenser 115 via a product oil tank 116. paper sludge by blowing hot air around 450℃ to reduce the moisture content.
A drying pulp silo 36 is connected to a rotary kiln 33 that sequentially dries paper sludge with a moisture content of around 65% to produce dry pulp with a moisture content of around 20%, and a pulp measuring tank 38 and the mixer are connected to the silo 36 via a blower 37. A carbon measuring tank 39, a lime measuring tank 40, a sodium silicate measuring tank 41, and a magnesium carbonate measuring tank 42 are connected to the mixer 29, and a kneading machine 43 is connected thereto.

Effect By having the above-mentioned configuration, the present invention refines the solid and liquid oil sludge to remove the contained impurities to produce a high-quality water-containing waste oil, further centrifugally separates the water-containing waste oil to produce a high-quality waste oil, and converts the waste oil into a high-quality waste oil. Waste plastics that have been crushed into powder or granules and metals removed are mixed and dissolved, this solution is gasified and then cooled, the waste plastics are made non-polluting as a product oil, and a predetermined proportion is added to the product oil. By mixing and kneading the dried pulp of 100% and chemicals such as carbon, it is possible to obtain a solid fuel that is non-polluting, produces stable high calories, has an averaged content, is of high quality, has a low ash content, and is easy to handle.

Example The first invention uses 40 to 60% produced oil and 35% dry pulp.
Solid fuel is obtained by mixing ~50% carbon, 1-2% carbon, 1-4% lime, 2-3% sodium silicate, and 1% magnesium carbonate, and each of these raw materials in the examples described below The role of each chemical and the selection of its mixing ratio are as follows.

The produced oil is the basic base of the solid fuel according to the present invention, and this produced oil usually has a molecular weight of 8000~
It has a calorific value of 12,000 kcal/Kg, but as a solid fuel to replace coal, a calorific value of around 5,000 kcal/Kg is optimal, and the blending ratio to obtain this calorific value is 40 to 60 on a weight basis. % range is required.

The dry pulp has the role of adsorbing and solidifying the produced oil, promoting the ignitability of the solid fuel, and maintaining the sustainability of combustion. Therefore, by setting the blending ratio of 1 to 2 parts of produced oil to 1 part of dry pulp, that is, in the range of 35 to 50% by weight, liquid dripping can be prevented and the produced oil can be well impregnated. It can be adsorbed and solidified, and can also fully perform the above-mentioned role during ignition and combustion.

Carbon has the role of solidifying the produced oil and serving as an ignition aid for solid fuel, but in the present invention,
Since it mainly functions as an ignition aid, it is necessary to have a blending ratio of 1 to 2% on a weight basis in order to fulfill this role.

Lime adsorbs the produced oil and promotes its solidification, as well as adsorbs moisture in the solid fuel, and at the same time fixes sulfur dioxide gas generated when the solid fuel is burned.

In particular, since the sulfur content in the produced oil is about 1-4%, in order to make this sulfur content react with lime and make it non-polluting, the blending ratio of lime must be 1-4% by weight.
It is necessary to do so.

Sodium silicate mainly serves as a kneading agent for solid fuel to solidify it and at the same time to immobilize sulfur dioxide gas. Therefore, in order to function as a solid fuel kneading agent, the blending ratio needs to be 2 to 3% by weight.

Magnesium carbonate has the role of an ash modifier for solid fuel, increasing the melting point of panadium and sodium that melts during the combustion of solid fuel, preventing panadium from adhering to the inside of the furnace, and discharging it as ash. , has the role of protecting the inside of the combustion chamber of boilers, etc. To fulfill this role, a loading ratio of 1% by weight is required.

Next, to explain an embodiment of the first invention, first, the liquid or solid oil sludge refined in the invention is waste generated during cleaning of refinery tanks or tankers, etc. The solid oil sludge was extracted using a pump or the like and transported by a tank truck, while the solid oil sludge was packed in bags in the tank and transported by truck.

First, the liquid oil sludge was introduced into a heating tank 3 for oil/water separation via the pump 2, and the liquid oil sludge was heated to around 60°C in the heating tank 3 to perform oil/water separation.

This oil/water separation is carried out by passing 3 kg/cm of steam (steam temperature around 140°C) for 2 hours into approximately 80% of the tank.
A ton of oil was heated to around 60°C, the temperature was maintained using a known automatic temperature control device, and left to stand for about 4 hours to perform gravity separation of oil and water.

In this oil/water separation, separation in the floating oil layer and separation in the flocculating oil layer are performed simultaneously, and the water-containing waste oil in the top layer (average water content of around 1%) is taken out from the top of the tank 3 and sent to the deodorizing furnace 65. The water-containing waste oil in the middle layer (from which impurities such as sand and rust have been removed and has an average moisture content of around 5%) is taken out from the middle of the tank 3 as high-quality water-containing waste oil. Then, it was introduced into the mixing tank 5, which is the next step, via the pump 45.

Further, the oil-containing wastewater in the lower layer is taken out from near the bottom of the tank 3, and then passed through an oil-water separator via a pump 78, where it is chemically treated and treated as wastewater, and solid waste sludge such as sand and rust is removed from the bottom layer. was taken out from the bottom of tank 3 and incinerated in an incinerator.

As mentioned above, oil and water separation in the heating tank 3 is carried out by
The test was conducted in four stages: top layer, middle layer, bottom layer, and bottom layer.

On the other hand, the solid oil sludge is conveyed by a conveyor 7, and steam is blown onto the conveyor.
The packed solid oil sludge was separated from the bag, then introduced onto the rollers 11 of the heating machine 8, broken by the bag-breaking press 12, and then squeezed out by the rolling press 13.

The inside of this heating machine 8 is constantly heated with steam, and the solid oil sludge is squeezed out in the form of sludge and stored in a lower tank 47, and the pump 15
The powder was fed to the crushing and melting tank 9 via the pulverizing and melting tank 9.

The pulverization and melting tank 9 was equipped with a stirrer 17, which pulverized and melted the sludge-like oil sludge into liquid oil, and heated it to around 60° C. with steam to separate oil and water.

In this oil/water separation, similar to the oil/water separation in the heating tank 3, separation in the floating oil layer and separation in the flocculated oil layer are performed simultaneously, and the water-containing waste oil in the upper layer (impurities such as sand and rust are removed, and the average (having a water content of around 5%) was introduced into the next step, the mixing tank 5, via a pump 19 as a high-quality water-containing waste oil.

The oil-containing wastewater in the lower layer was passed through a pump 20 to an oil-water separator and disposed of, and the solid waste sludge such as sand and rust in the lowermost layer was treated in an incinerator.

In the mixing tank 5, two types of high-quality water-containing waste oils introduced from the heating tank 3 and the crushing and melting tank 9 were stirred and mixed by a stirrer 21 to homogenize the contents.

The water-containing waste oil in tank 5 is removed by steam.
The solid waste sludge was heated to around 60° C. to promote mixing of the two, and at the same time, the solid waste sludge deposited in the tank 5 was removed from the bottom of the tank.

This mixed water-containing waste oil is further introduced into the standby tank 24 via the pump 23, and the standby tank 24 is further introduced into the standby tank 24.
The stirrer 25 provided in the tank 24 was rotated slowly to promote the floating of dirt and the like mixed in the water-containing waste oil, and this floating material was removed by the scraper 26 provided above the tank 24.

Further, solid waste sludge that had settled at the bottom of the tank was removed by a screw 46 provided at the bottom of the tank 24.

The water-containing waste oil from which impurities such as moisture, solid waste sludge, and floating substances were removed through the above steps was fed to the waste oil tank 101 via the pump 27.

The high-quality water-containing waste oil with a moisture content of around 5% in the waste oil tank 101 is heated to around 60°C by steam and sent to the centrifuge 102, where it is mainly processed to remove solids such as fine particulate sand and rust. The waste sludge is removed and sent to the service tank 103 as waste oil containing 100% high-quality oil, where it is heated to 80% by steam.
It is heated to around 300°C and sent to the melting tank 104, and further heated to 300°C.
It was heated to around ℃.

On the other hand, a crusher 105 crushes waste plastics such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene into pieces of approximately 1 mm, and the crushed waste plastics into granules or powder are removed by a metal separator 106 to remove metals mixed in. The mesh is spray-cleaned by a mesh conveyor 107, dried with hot air at around 100°C in a dryer 108, stored in a raw material tank 110 via a scraper conveyor 109, and then stored in a raw material tank 110 by a scraper conveyor 11.
1. A fixed amount was supplied to the dissolving tank 104 via the supply hopper 112 and the screw 113.

At this feed rate, generally waste oil 20 ~
30% vs. 70-80% waste plastics is optimal. This blending ratio is set within a range where the waste oil functions as a heat medium and a large amount of waste plastics is dissolved.For example, if the waste oil is less than 20%, there is a risk that the waste plastics will burn. On the other hand, if the amount of waste oil is 30% or more, the amount of waste plastics dissolved will be small, making it inefficient.

For this reason, 80% of waste plastic is used for 20% of waste oil.
% of waste plastics was supplied in a fixed amount.

Waste oil is introduced into the dissolving tank 104 in advance and heated to around 300°C, and by supplying waste plastics therein at a constant rate, this waste oil acts as a dissolving medium for the waste plastics. Therefore, the melting operation can be carried out smoothly and quickly.

During this melting process, low volatile decomposition gas generated in the melting tank 104 is taken out from the top of the melting tank 104, cooled to around 60°C with water at about 16°C in the condenser 118, and a part of it is converted into oil. produced oil tank 1
In addition to feeding the gas to the gas tank 16, the portion that does not liquefy at the above temperature is introduced as a gas into the adsorption tower 119, and after removing chlorine gas, it is stored in the gas tank 120 and used as auxiliary fuel for the hot air generating furnace 121.

A solution consisting of waste plastics and waste oil in the dissolution tank 104 was introduced into a decomposition tank 114, and was thermally decomposed to about 450° C. and gasified.

This gas is sent to the condenser 115 and cooled to around 60°C with water at about 16°C, and the gas liquefied under these conditions is stored as produced oil in the produced oil tank 116, and then sent to the oil measuring tank 28. provided.

The low-volatile decomposed gas that does not liquefy under the temperature conditions in the condenser 115 is introduced into an adsorption tower 119 to remove chlorine gas, and then stored in a gas tank 120 to be used as auxiliary fuel for the hot air generating furnace 121.

Next, the sludge-like paper sludge with a water content of about 65% stored in the paper sludge tank 30 was conveyed by a belt conveyor 31 to a quantitative feeder 32, and then fed into a rotary kiln 33 in fixed amounts.

Hot air at about 450°C is fed into the rotary kiln 33, and the sludge-like paper sludge with a moisture content of about 65% is sequentially dried to become dry pulp with a moisture content of about 20%. Dry pulp silo 3 through scraper conveyor 35
The pulp was introduced into a pulp measuring tank 38 via a blower 37, and after an appropriate amount was measured, it was fed to a mixer 29.

Next, an experimental example is shown below in which solid fuel was produced by selecting a plurality of blending ratios of each raw material of the product oil and dried pulp obtained in the above process and chemicals such as carbon, lime, sodium silicate, and magnesium carbonate. .

Experimental example 1 Produced oil 50% Dry pulp (moisture content 20%) 42% Carbon 1% Lime 3% Sodium silicate 3% Magnesium carbonate 1% Each raw material and chemicals were mixed in the above proportions on a weight basis, and The mixture was mixed for 20 minutes in a kneader, then kneaded for 15 minutes in a kneader, and further shaped in a shaping machine to obtain a solid fuel in the form of granules with a diameter of 2 cm to 3 cm. When this fuel was subjected to a combustion test,
A calorific value of 5239kcal/Kg was obtained. Further, no oil content was leached out after 7 days of immersion in water at room temperature.

Experimental example 2 Produced oil 60% Dry pulp (moisture content 20%) 35% Carbon 1% Lime 3% Sodium silicate 2% Magnesium carbonate 1% Each raw material and chemicals were mixed in the above proportions based on weight, and the mixer was heated. The mixture was mixed for 20 minutes in a kneader, then kneaded for 15 minutes in a kneader, and further shaped in a shaping machine to obtain a solid fuel in the form of granules with a diameter of 2 cm to 3 cm. When this fuel was subjected to a combustion test,
A calorific value of 5721kcal/Kg was obtained. Further, no oil content was leached out after 7 days of immersion in water at room temperature.

Experimental example 3 Produced oil 40% Dry pulp (moisture content 20%) 50% Carbon 2% Lime 4% Sodium silicate 3% Magnesium carbonate 1% Each raw material and chemicals were mixed in the above proportions based on weight, and the mixer was heated. The mixture was mixed for 20 minutes in a kneader, then kneaded for 15 minutes in a kneader, and further shaped in a shaping machine to obtain a solid fuel in the form of granules with a diameter of 2 cm to 3 cm. When this fuel was subjected to a combustion test,
A calorific value of 4830kcal/Kg was obtained. Further, no oil content was leached out after 7 days of immersion in water at room temperature.

The properties of the solid fuel obtained in the above example are that it is produced in the form of so-called charcoal, is convenient to handle, has a calorific value of around 5000 kcal/Kg, is non-polluting, generates stable calories, and has a low ash content. It is used as fuel for boilers, etc., which is of low quality.

Furthermore, compared to the currently used solid fuel made by impregnating sawdust with coal, waste oil, etc., it has superior properties in terms of calorific value, ash content, handling, etc.

The solid fuel according to the present invention can be used as a fuel for boilers for maintaining the temperature of agricultural and horticultural greenhouses, etc., and as a fuel for hot water boilers in public baths and the like.

Next, an embodiment of the second invention will be described in detail based on FIGS. 1 to 4.

First, the equipment shown in Figure 2 includes a device for separating oil and water from liquid oil sludge to remove contained water and impurities such as sand and rust, and a device for crushing and melting solid oil sludge and simultaneously removing solid waste sludge. and a device for mixing both, and the water-containing waste oil that has passed through these devices is introduced into the waste oil tank 101.

The liquid or solid oil sludge refined by these devices is waste generated during the cleaning of refinery tanks or tankers.Liquid oil sludge is extracted from the tank with a pump, etc. and transported by tank truck, while solid oil sludge is It is packed in bags in tanks and transported by truck.

To explain these devices below, a heating tank 3 for oil/water separation is connected to a liquid oil sludge receiving tank 1 via a pump 2, and a steam 4 is installed in this heating tank 3 to maintain a temperature of around 60°C. The liquid oil sludge is heated to separate oil and water.

For example, when 3 kg/cm ² of steam (steam temperature around 140°C) is passed through this oil/water separation for 2 hours, approximately 80 tons of oil in the tank is heated to around 60°C, and a known automatic temperature control device is used to control the temperature. The temperature is maintained and the mixture is allowed to stand for about 4 hours to allow gravity separation of oil and water.

This oil/water separation is carried out simultaneously in both the floating oil layer and the flocculating oil layer, and the water-containing waste oil in the top layer (average water content of around 1%) is taken out from the top of the tank 3 and sent to the deodorizing furnace 65. The water-containing waste oil in the middle layer (average water content of around 5%) is taken out from the middle of the tank 3 and introduced into the mixing tank 5 via the pump 45, and the oil-containing waste water in the lower layer is used as fuel for the incinerator 49. After being taken out from near the bottom of the tank 3, it is further passed through a pump 78 to an oil-water separator for chemical treatment and drainage treatment, and the bottom layer of sand,
Solid waste sludge such as rust is taken out from the bottom of the tank 3 and incinerated in an incinerator.

As described above, the oil/water separation in the heating tank 3 is carried out in four stages: the top layer, the middle layer, the bottom layer, and the bottom layer.

On the other hand, a heating machine 8 is installed in the solid oil sludge receiving pit 6 via a conveyor 7. The pulverized powder is sent to the melting tank 9.

First, the solid oil sludge transported by the conveyor 7 is blown with steam 10 on the conveyor to facilitate separation of the solid oil sludge from the bag, and then introduced onto the rollers 11 of the heating machine 8 to break the bag. After the bag is torn by the press 12, it is squeezed out by the rolling press 13.

The inside of this heater 8 is constantly heated with steam 14, and the solid oil sludge is squeezed out into sludge, stored in a lower tank 47, and fed to the crushing and melting tank 9 via a pump 15.

The oil-containing wastewater generated in the heating machine 8 is passed through a pump 16 to an oil-water separator and disposed of, and the solid waste sludge such as sand and rust generated at the same time is incinerated in an incinerator.

The crushing and melting tank 9 is equipped with a stirrer 17, which crushes and melts the sludge-like oil sludge into liquid oil and heats it to 60°C using steam 18.
Oil and water separation is performed by heating back and forth.

In this oil/water separation, similar to the oil/water separation in the heating tank 3, both the separation in the floating oil layer and the separation in the flocculated oil layer are performed simultaneously, and the water-containing waste oil in the upper layer (average water content of about 5%) is removed via the pump 19. The oil-containing wastewater in the lower layer is introduced into the mixing tank 5.
The waste sludge is disposed of through an oil-water separator and the bottom layer of solid waste sludge, such as sand and rust, is further processed in an incinerator.

The mixing tank 5 connected to the heating tank 3 and the crushing and melting tank 9 is provided with an agitator 21,
The two types of water-containing waste oils introduced from the heating tank 3 and the crushing and melting tank 9 are stirred and mixed to homogenize their contents.

The water-containing waste oil in the tank 5 is heated to around 60° C. by the steam 22 to accelerate the mixing operation. Also, the solid waste sludge that settles in the tank 5 is removed from the bottom of the tank.

This mixed water-containing waste oil is further introduced into a standby tank 24 via a pump 23.

This standby tank 24 is equipped with an agitator 25, which rotates slowly to promote the floating of dirt, etc. mixed in the water-containing waste oil, and the floating objects are placed above the tank 24. It is removed by a provided scraper 26.

Further, a screw 46 is provided at the bottom of the tank 24.
is provided, and the solid waste sludge that settles at the bottom of the tank is removed by this screw 46.

The water-containing waste oil from which impurities such as moisture, solid waste sludge, and floating substances have been removed through the above steps is fed to the waste oil tank 101 via the pump 27.

In this case, if only liquid oil sludge is used due to raw material supply, pump 45
can be directly connected to the waste oil tank 101 via the standby tank 24. On the other hand, when only solid oil sludge is used, the pump 19 can be connected directly to the waste oil tank 101 via the standby tank 24.
4, it can be directly connected to the waste oil tank 101.

Next, FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for synthesizing produced oil from waste plastics and the water-containing waste oil.

The waste oil tank 101 is connected to a dissolution tank 104 via a centrifuge 102 and a service tank 103.

On the other hand, the crusher 105 is connected to the melting tank 104 via a metal separator 106, a mesh conveyor 107, a dryer 108, a scraper conveyor 109, a raw material tank 110, a scraper conveyor 111, a supply hopper 112, and a screw 113. ing.

A decomposition tank 114 is connected to the dissolution tank 104, and the decomposition tank 114 is connected to an oil measuring tank 28 via a condenser 115 and a produced oil tank 116.

The waste oil tank 101 is for storing water-containing waste oil. When the water-containing waste oil is made from solid oil sludge as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when liquid oil sludge is used as a raw material, oil and water are separated by applying it to a heating tank or the like.

The water-containing waste oil with a moisture content of around 5% in the waste oil tank 101 is heated to around 60°C by steam, and is then used in the centrifugal separator 102 in the next step to remove water, oil,
This facilitates the separation of the solid content into three layers.

In this centrifuge 102, mainly solid waste sludge such as fine particulate sand and rust is removed,
The waste oil with 100% high quality oil content is sent to the service tank 103, where it is heated to around 80°C by steam 126 and sent to the melting tank 104, where it is further heated to around 300°C.

On the other hand, the crusher 105 is for crushing waste plastics such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene into pieces of about 1 mm, and the waste plastics crushed into granules or powder are processed by a metal separator 106 to remove any metals mixed in. Removed and further mesh conveyor 1
07, and dried with hot air at around 100°C in a dryer 108, and then transferred to a scraper conveyor 109.
The raw material is stored in a raw material tank 110 via a scraper conveyor 111, a supply hopper 112, and a screw 113, and then supplied in a fixed amount to the dissolving tank 104.

The optimal supply ratio is 20-30% waste oil and 70-80% waste plastics by weight.

This blending ratio allows the waste oil to function as a heat medium,
This is set within a range that allows a large amount of waste plastics to be dissolved.For example, if the waste oil is less than 20%, there is a risk that the waste plastics will burn, while if the waste oil is 30% or more, In this case, the amount of waste plastics dissolved becomes small and becomes inefficient.

Waste oil is introduced into the melting tank 104 in advance and heated to around 300°C, and by supplying waste plastics there, this waste oil acts as a dissolving medium for the waste plastics, making the melting process smooth. And it is done quickly.

During this melting operation, the low volatile decomposition gas generated in the melting tank 104 is taken out from the top of the melting tank 104, cooled to around 60°C with water at about 16°C in the condenser 118, and a part of it is converted into oil. produced oil tank 1
In addition to being fed to the gas tank 16, the portion that does not liquefy at the above temperature is introduced as a gas into an adsorption tower 119 to remove chlorine gas, and then stored in a gas tank 120 and used as auxiliary fuel for the hot air generating furnace 121. .

The solution consisting of waste plastics and waste oil in the dissolution tank 104 is introduced into the decomposition tank 114 and heated to 450°C.
It is then thermally decomposed and gasified.

This gas is sent to a condenser 115, cooled to around 60°C with water at about 16°C, stored as produced oil in a produced oil tank 116, and then delivered to an oil measuring tank 28.

In the condenser 115, the low-volatile cracked gas that does not liquefy at the above-mentioned temperature is introduced into an adsorption tower 119, where chlorine gas is removed, and then stored in a gas tank 120 to be used as auxiliary fuel for the hot air generating furnace 121.

Also, in Fig. 1, 121 is a hot air stove;
Hot air of around 500℃ is passed through the decomposition tank 114 and dissolution tank 104.
and dryer 108, and cyclone 1
22 and is discharged from the chimney 123.

124 is a fuel tank, 125 is a centrifugal separator for separating the oil introduced together with the solid waste sludge discharged from the decomposition tank 114 and returning it to the decomposition tank 114, 126 is a heating steam, 127 is a pump, 127' 128 is a fan, 129 is a blower, 130 is a circulation pump for circulating the solution in the decomposition tank 114 to promote its decomposition, 13
1 is a conveyor, 132 is a cooling water supply pipe for cooling and liquefying cracked gas, 133 is a cleaning adsorption water tank for storing a mixed solution of water and sodium for adsorbing chlorine gas, and 134 is a water tank for storing cracked gas.
This is a cooling water supply pipe for cooling from 450℃ to around 200℃.

What is shown in FIG. 3 is a device for drying paper sludge in the form of sludge, and a paper sludge tank 30 is equipped with a rotary kiln 33 having a screw-type quantitative feeding device 32 via a belt conveyor 31. This rotary kiln 33 has about 450
℃ hot air is being supplied.

The sludge-like paper sludge stored in the paper sludge tank 30 is transferred to a belt conveyor 31.
Then, it is transported to a quantitative feeding device 32, and then fed into a rotary kiln 33 in fixed amounts.

Hot air is fed into the rotary kiln 33, and the sludge-like paper sludge is sequentially dried and turned into dry pulp, which is transferred to the scraper conveyor 33.
5 into the dry pulp silo 36,
The pulp is fed to a pulp measuring tank 38 via a blower 37, and after an appropriate amount is measured, it is fed to a mixer 29.

What is shown in FIG. 4 is a device for mixing produced oil, dry pulp, and various chemicals.The mixer 29 includes an oil measuring tank 28, a pulp measuring tank 38, a carbon measuring tank 39, and a lime measuring tank 4.
0, a sodium silicate measuring tank 41, and a magnesium carbonate measuring tank 42 are guided, respectively.
These measuring tanks automatically measure the quantity and feed it to the mixer 29.

A double paddle kneader 43 is connected to the mixer 29.

The produced oil, dry pulp, and various chemicals weighed in appropriate amounts in each of the measuring tanks are uniformly mixed by a mixer 29, then introduced into a kneader 43, where they are further finely kneaded, and discharged as a product from an outlet 44. .

Furthermore, when a shaping machine 48 is connected to the outlet 44, solid fuel having a desired shape can be obtained.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 49 denotes an incinerator for incinerating solid waste sludge and the like taken out from the heating tank 3, the crushing and melting tank 9, and the like.

Belt conveyor 5 from solid waste sludge storage area 50
Solid waste sludge, paper bags, etc. are transported through 1,
It is introduced into the incinerator 49 by the pushing device 52 and is incinerated.

The fuel used in this incinerator 49 is water-containing waste oil taken out from the top layer of the heating tank 3 via a pump 56.
is sent via.

This fuel tank 53 is provided with steam 55 and is heated to around 60° C. in order to improve the combustion condition of the burner.

79 is an auxiliary combustion blower, 57 is an ignition burner,
58 is a soot removal burner, 59 is a chimney, and 60 is an oil combustion blower, and the exhaust gas generated from the incinerator 49 is taken out from the outlet 61 and sent to the hot air generating furnace 3.
4, the hot air is mixed with outside air to become hot air for drying paper sludge, and after being sent to the rotary kiln 33, it is introduced into the centrifugal dust collector 63 through the hot air exhaust duct 62 provided in the rotary kiln 33 and collected. It is dusted and further sent to a direct-fired deodorizing furnace 65 via a blower 64 to be deodorized.

A part of this deodorized hot air is discharged to the outside through the chimney 66, and the remaining part is sent to the waste heat boiler 67 and then passed through the blower 68 to the chimney 66.
6, it is discharged to the outside.

Steam generated by the waste heat boiler 67 is sent to the heating tank 3, mixing tank 5, crushing and melting tank 9, etc.

In Fig. 2, 80 is a suction heater for smooth pumping of liquid oil sludge, 69 is a motor, 70 is a squeezing roll, 71 is a cyclone for separating air and pulp, 72 is a damper, and 73 is a roller. , 74 is a tire, 75 is a rotating drum, 76 is an air intake port, 77 is a pulp transport pipe, and 81 is a pump.

Effects of the Invention By having the above-described structure, the present invention makes it possible to obtain a high-quality, high-calorie solid fuel that has no variation between products, is convenient to handle, is non-polluting, and has an averaged content. It is something.

In other words, when waste plastics are recycled, mixed heavy metals, etc. are removed, so there is no risk of pollution from the solid fuel combustion residue, and the waste plastics themselves are decomposed. Unlike the conventional method, no chlorine gas is generated during combustion, and there is no risk of melting in the furnace and damaging the rostol or the like.

Moreover, by mixing waste plastics as a raw material, the flash point of the solid fuel is lowered and ignition is improved, so the amount of ignition accelerator can be reduced, reducing costs. It is something.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a large amount of high-quality, high-calorie solid fuel with a low content of impurities and residues.

In particular, the present invention purifies plastic waste to make it non-polluting and high in calories, and also removes impurities and residues from solid or liquid oil sludge to make it high in calories. of solid fuel can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an example of the implementation of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an apparatus for liquefying waste plastics;
Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an apparatus for converting liquid and solid oil sludge into high-quality water-containing waste oil, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an apparatus for converting sludge-like paper sludge into dry pulp, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an apparatus for converting liquid and solid oil sludge into high-quality water-containing waste oil. It is an explanatory view of the device for kneading. Heating tank...3, 8...Heating machine, 9...Crushing melting tank, 24...Standby tank 24, 27...
Pumps 27, 28...oil measuring tank, 29...mixer, 33...rotary kiln, 36...dry pulp silo, 37...blower, 38...pulp measuring tank 38, 39...carbon measuring tank, 40...lime Measuring tank, 41...Soda silicate measuring tank, 42...Magnesium carbonate measuring tank 42, Waste oil tank...101, 102...Centrifugal separator, 103...Service tank, 104...
...Dissolving tank, 105...Crushing machine, 106...Metal sorting machine, 107...Mesh conveyor, 108...
Dryer, 109...Scraper conveyor, 110
... Raw material tank, 111 ... Scraper conveyor, 112 ... Supply hopper, 113 ... Screw, 114 ... Decomposition tank, 115 ... Condenser, 1
16...Produced oil tank.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Liquid oil sludge is heated to around 60°C to separate oil and water, and impurities such as water, sand, and rust are removed to produce high-quality water-containing waste oil with a moisture content of around 5%. Then, the solid oil sludge is heated to form a sludge, and this sludge-like oil sludge is heated for 60 minutes.
The two types of water-containing waste oils are crushed and melted under heating at around 60°C to remove impurities such as sand and rust to produce high-quality water-containing waste oil with a water content of around 5%. After stirring and mixing under heating to homogenize, remove the precipitated solid waste sludge and at the same time remove the floating debris, etc.
Water-containing waste oil from which floating substances such as dust have been removed is heated to around 60℃ and centrifuged to remove solid waste sludge such as water, particulate sand, and rust, producing high-quality waste oil with 100% oil content. Then, heat this to around 300℃, while
Waste plastics such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene are crushed into pieces of approximately 1 mm, and metals are removed from the granular or granularly crushed waste plastics.
After further spray cleaning, the dried waste plastics are dried with hot air at around 100℃, and a fixed amount of the dried waste plastics is fed into the waste oil. 70-80%
Then, the waste plastics mixed in the waste oil heated to around 300°C are dissolved, and the solution consisting of waste plastics and waste oil is further heated to around 450°C to gasify it, and this gas is heated to 60°C. The resulting oil is cooled back and forth, while the sludge-like paper sludge is heated to a water content of 65 by blowing hot air around 450℃.
% paper sludge is sequentially dried to obtain dry pulp with a moisture content of around 20%, and on a weight basis, the produced oil is 40 to 60%, the dried pulp is 35 to 50%, carbon is 1 to 2%, and lime is 1 to 1%. 4%, sodium silicate 2-3
% and 1% magnesium carbonate, which is further kneaded and then shaped into a desired shape. 2. A heating tank 3 is provided to separate oil and water from liquid oil sludge under heating at around 60°C, remove impurities such as water, sand, and rust to produce high-quality water-containing waste oil with a water content of around 5%. A heating machine 8 is provided to heat the solid oil sludge to form a sludge, and the sludge-like oil sludge is crushed and melted under heating at around 60°C to remove impurities such as sand and rust contained therein. The pulverizing and melting tank 9 is connected to the heating machine 8 to produce high-quality water-containing waste oil with a water content of around 5%, and the two types of water-containing waste oil are stirred and mixed under heating at around 60°C to homogenize. , a mixing tank 5 for removing settled solid waste sludge is connected to the heating tank 3 and the grinding and melting tank 9;
A standby tank 24 for removing the solid waste sludge contained in this homogenized water-containing waste oil and at the same time removing floating dust, etc. is connected to the mixing tank 5, and the standby tank 24 is connected to the waste oil tank 101 via a pump 27. A centrifugal separator 102 is connected to the waste oil tank 101, which removes solid waste sludge such as water, particulate sand, and rust to produce high-quality waste oil with 100% oil content. A dissolving tank 104 is connected to a service tank 103, and a metal separator 106 is installed in a crusher 105 that crushes waste plastics such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene into powder or granules of about 1 mm. , a mesh conveyor 10 is attached to the separator 106.
7. Connect the dryer 108 to spray and wash the waste plastics, then dry them with hot air at around 100°C.
A raw material tank 110 is connected to the dryer 108 via a scraper conveyor 109, and this raw material tank 110 is connected to the melting tank 104 via a scraper conveyor 111, a supply hopper 112, and a screw 113, and the raw material tank 110 is heated to around 300°C. A decomposition tank 114 is connected to the dissolution tank 104 that dissolves the waste plastics mixed in the waste oil, and the solution from the dissolution tank 104 is heated to about 450° C. to be decomposed and gasified. This gas at 60℃
A condenser 115 is connected to the condenser 115, which is cooled back and forth to produce produced oil, and an oil measuring tank 28 and a mixer 29 are connected to the condenser 115 via a produced oil tank 116. ℃
A drying pulp silo 36 is connected to a rotary kiln 33 that sends hot air back and forth to sequentially dry paper sludge with a moisture content of around 65% to produce dry pulp with a moisture content of around 20%. A pulp measuring tank 38 and the mixer 29 are connected through a blower 37, and a carbon measuring tank 39, a lime measuring tank 40, a sodium silicate measuring tank 41, and a magnesium carbonate measuring tank 42 are connected to the mixer 29, and a kneading machine 43 is also connected. A solid fuel production device using industrial waste characterized by being connected.