JPS6247991B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing synthetic multifilament yarns. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber yarn suitable for weaving in a water jet loom without sizing using a synthetic multifilament yarn as a warp. Conventionally, when weaving synthetic fiber multifilament in a water jet loom, in order to impart a high degree of cohesiveness and appropriate smoothness to the threads used for the warp, so-called A glue material was applied as a sizing agent, and after-waxing was then applied to provide a high degree of speed collection and appropriate smoothness. This method is still used today because it provides good weaving stability, but in parallel to this, there has recently been a trend to weave by using a water jet loom, omitting the sizing, drying and waxing steps. Therefore, as an attempt, many methods have been proposed in which a sizing material, such as that used in the sizing process, is blended into the spinning oil in order to impart a high degree of cohesiveness and appropriate smoothness. However, in these methods, scum-like substances are deposited on the parts corresponding to the thread guidance of various rollers and guides in the spinning process, which causes fuzz or thread breakage.
It is known that weaving properties of filaments such as denier/24 filament are extremely low. For this reason, further studies were conducted to analyze the characteristics necessary for the warp yarns woven using the water jet loom, and to increase the friction strength between the yarns and to suppress the generation of fuzz due to friction between the yarns as much as possible. By improving the cohesiveness and suppressing the dispersion of the single fibers that make up the fiber yarn as much as possible, we also improved the lubricity when wet by reducing the friction between the metal and the thread, which deteriorates when wet. Attempts to improve weaving efficiency by reducing fuzz and yarn breakage have been proposed in JP-A-50-101694, JP-A-51-47198, and the like. Moreover, in order to obtain a high degree of convergence, Tokuko No. 36-12230 and
As has been known for a long time from Japanese Patent No. 1175, it is also well known to perform a so-called interlacing process in which the single yarns constituting a multifilament are entangled with each other by a fluid jet process in the silk reeling process after spinning. In this way, the main focus of the technology is to improve the weavability of lakeless yarn using a water jet loom. It combines sexual techniques. As has been known, it goes without saying that a high degree of convergence and moderate smoothness are necessary to improve the weaving efficiency of water jet looms, but the weaving efficiency of water jet looms is In order to increase the wear resistance, the wear resistance of the metal, especially when wet, is very important. Therefore, rather than preventing single yarn fuzz when wet, the present inventors actively protect the surfaces of reeds and heddles, and apply a protective coating to metal surfaces such as reeds and healds. Based on the idea of forming oil, we have repeatedly considered strengthening the strength of the oil film, especially in wet conditions. As a result, from the perspective of surface protection of fiber threads, it is true that compositions containing large amounts of relatively low molecular weight esters, which have low dynamic friction between the thread and metal, are generally less effective. It is recognized that waxes and silicones have similar effects. However, in actual use, if a large amount of wax is used, scum will accumulate on the drawing rollers or guides, which will not only seriously contaminate the yarn guide, but also cause water damage. Even during weaving using etloom, scum often adheres to the reeds, heddles, etc., significantly reducing the weaving operating rate. Furthermore, if a large amount of water-insoluble silicone is added, the dyeability of the resulting yarn will be severely inhibited, or the silicone will re-adhere to the cloth during the dyeing process, which often causes practical problems. In addition, when the main ingredient is something with a relatively low molecular weight, such as an ester of monohydrochloric acid, it reduces the friction between the fiber and the metal, improving feathers and thread tangles caused by single thread breakage in wet conditions. Although this is a preferable direction from the viewpoint of prevention, there is a limit to the preventive effect if this alone is used. In other words, if it has a metal surface, it is necessary to strongly and actively protect it from wear. Furthermore, low molecular weight esters generally have poor heat resistance and are often difficult to use these days. On the other hand, in order to improve heat resistance and reduce the friction between the fiber and metal, the method of increasing the molecular weight of the ester compound resulted in less reduction in the friction between the fiber and metal than expected. On the contrary, the wear resistance of metals is decreasing. On the other hand, in recent years, in order to improve production efficiency in fiber manufacturing, higher speed and higher temperature spinning conditions have been adopted. Weaving is carried out using yarn etching, which produces very little scum during the yarn spinning process, and is said to reduce the abrasion between the metal and the yarn when wet, thereby preventing single yarn fuzz. Above all, a yarn with excellent metal abrasion resistance (prevention of reed abrasion) that actively forms a protective film on the metal surface when wet is desired, and a spinning oil suitable for this purpose is desired. It is rare. In view of the current situation, the inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies to obtain a synthetic fiber yarn that causes fewer troubles during the spinning and drawing processes and has excellent metal abrasion resistance even during waterjet weaving. We have arrived at the present invention, which achieves the desired objective by applying a special spinning oil formulation and moderate interlacing. That is, the present invention is completely different from the conventional method of using water-insoluble limited leveling agents, waxes, and silicones in contrast to ordinary spinning oils consisting of known leveling agents, emulsifiers, sizing agents, etc. This method consists of a method in which yarns made of synthetic fibers are treated with carbon atoms as an active ingredient of a spinning oil containing a smoothing agent and/or polyalkylene glycol at the stage of undrawn yarn.
Alkali metal salts of alkyl phosphates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms (component A), alkali metal salts of alkyl sulfonates and/or alkyl sulfate compounds having 12 to 18 carbon atoms (component B), modified silicones (component C), and wax. In this case, A+B+C+D always accounts for 4% or more and 10% or less (by weight) of the active ingredients, and A+B>C+D, and C+D accounts for 4 of the total active ingredients. % (weight) or less, the surface is treated with a spinning oil containing a composition blended in a proportion of 1 m
It consists of a method for producing synthetic fiber multifilament yarn characterized by interlacing so as to obtain 30 or more random entanglements per yarn. The multifilament yarn has excellent glue-free weaving properties in a water jet loom as a warp, and can particularly actively reduce metal abrasion in wet conditions and greatly improve weaving efficiency. In particular, in the present invention, in order to stabilize the weavability without glue and improve the operation rate using the water jet loom, it is essential to combine the four components A, B, C, and D.
The surprising synergistic effect that the desired effect cannot be obtained even if any one of these is lacking is exhibited by the above-mentioned combination, and this fact has been completely unknown until now. In other words, it has a completely different mechanism from the previously known ester-based smoothing agents, water-insoluble waxes, and silicones that improve metal abrasion resistance in wet conditions, and protects the thread surface. In other words, the present invention is intended to actively form a strong anti-wear film on the metal surface. Another important point is that the present invention significantly improves the wear resistance of metals in wet conditions while keeping the blending ratio of each component within the minimum range from the viewpoint of synergistic effects. However, in the weaving process, not to mention the yarn spinning process, even when weaving without glue and using a water jet loom, there is very little scum adhesion. Another major feature is that it can be applied to any of the commonly known spinning oils made of smoothing agents, emulsifiers, polyalkylene glycols, etc.
By blending the four components of the present invention, the effects of the present invention can be brought out to the greatest extent. Furthermore, the present inventors investigated a method for further improving the weaving properties using a water jet loom while applying a specific spinning oil, and applied a synthetic fiber multifilament treated with the above-mentioned specific oil. -12230 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-1175, a synthetic fiber multifilament is produced by applying a so-called interlacing process in which single yarns are randomly interlaced using a fluid jetting process, as known from Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-1175. Surprisingly, it has been found that the effect of preventing metal wear in wet conditions is significantly improved by manufacturing the same. It is not clear why the interlace treatment improves the wear resistance in wet conditions, but in any case, it also improves the operating rate during weaving and provides excellent weavability. However, considering the quality of the woven fabric, too much interlacing will lead to a decline in quality, so the upper limit must be kept within the range that allows for the quality of the fabric, and in general, it depends on the denier composition, but the It is also said to be below K. To explain each component in the present invention in more detail, component A is an alkali metal salt of a commonly known alkyl phosphate having a linear or side chain saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as sodium or potassium. , consisting of lithium,
Polyoxyethylene-modified alkyl phosphates, which are commonly used as antistatic agents, have low metal wear resistance and are completely excluded from the present invention. For example, even POE (1) lauryl phosphate containing 1 mole of ethylene oxide containing 50% or more is excluded from the present invention, which is a severe restriction. Among the metal salts of alkyl phosphates used in the present invention, those having an unbranched straight chain alkyl group are preferred, and lauryl, cetyl, palmityl, stearyl and the like are preferred.
On the other hand, component B used in combination with component A is preferably a commonly known alkyl sulfonate having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, but may also be a sulfonate compound having a benzene nucleus in the molecule. Other B components include alkyl sulfate compounds or known ethylene oxide-modified alkyl sulfate compounds in which about 1 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide are added to the alkyl group. Salt is preferably used. Furthermore, modified silicones are used as component C, which is used in combination with component A and component B. Examples of this include phenyl-modified silicone,
Examples include epoxy-modified silicone, polyoxy-modified silicone, fatty acid-modified silicone, etc., and these modified silicones are usually commercially available after being emulsified with a nonionic activator. moreover,
As component D used in combination with component A, component B, and component C, various known water-insoluble waxes are used, such as paraffin wax, oxidized microcrystalline wax, carnauba wax, beeswax,
Natural and synthetic waxes such as oxidized polyethylene waxes are included, especially those with a melt temperature of 30°C or higher and 140°C.
Paraffin wax or the like at a temperature of ℃ or less is preferable. These waxes are usually available dispersed in water using a nonionic emulsifier and are therefore applied as an aqueous emulsion. In order to obtain the desired effect of the present invention by combining these components, A, B, C and D must be used.
Each component is always essential, and even if one component is missing, the effect cannot be fully expressed, and even if the ratio of each component is unbalanced, the minimal amount added can significantly improve the metal wear resistance effect in wet conditions. You won't be able to improve yourself. Of course, A+B is beyond the scope of the present invention.
Even if the sum of +C+D exceeds 10%, the effect of resisting metal wear in wet conditions is sufficiently maintained, but if the amount added is large, rolls, guides, and even reeds will be damaged during the spinning process and the weaving process in the water jet room. This is undesirable because it increases problems such as scum adhesion to the healds and healds. More importantly, phosphates and sulfonates generally have anion-exchange properties, and especially when weaving in a water jet loom, when the water hardness increases, the water-insoluble scum obtained by ion exchange becomes reed or It is also said that it adheres to the healds and directly causes a decrease in operating efficiency. Therefore, even if the blended composition used in the present invention has the effect of preventing wear of reeds and healds in wet conditions, it goes without saying that blending in more than the necessary amount should be avoided, and it is preferable to keep the amount to a minimum. . Therefore, in the present invention, usually A+B
The sum of +C+D is suppressed to 4% or more and 10% or less (by weight). However, it is necessary that A+B>C+D, and the anionic component is always greater than the sum of waxes and silicones, and C+D is preferably used at 4% or less. This C or D component is normally a water-insoluble component, but by dispersing it with an appropriate emulsifier, it can be mixed in a commonly known spinning oil in an amount of 4.0% or more. From the viewpoint of deposition, it is preferable to use 3.0% or less. In this way, it is possible to exhibit an extremely excellent metal abrasion prevention effect in wet conditions without causing scum trouble in the spinning and weaving processes. Such a composition for preventing metal abrasion in wet conditions is usually used by being mixed with a known spinning oil, and the known spinning oil is not limited in any way. For example, known spinning oils consisting of smoothing agents and/or polyalkylene glycol copolymers commonly known as spinning oils, more specifically mineral oil, octyl palmitate, isotridecyl laurate, oleyl oleate, isotridecyl Spinning oils and/or emulsions containing monobasic acid ester compounds such as palmitate and isotridecyl stearate as main components with commonly known emulsifiers and/or Japanese Patent Publication No. 13564/1973, British Patent No. 833450, or US Patent Known polyalkylene glycols and water-insoluble or water-soluble polyethers consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide groups, which are well known as oil agents for false twisting as disclosed in No. 3338830, Even when used as a spinning oil, by incorporating the composition of the present invention, it is possible to exhibit extremely excellent wet metal wear resistance. The synthetic fibers to which the present invention is applied are made of thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide, and are made of synthetic fiber multifilament obtained by melt spinning using conventional methods, and are particularly suitable for polyethylene terephthalate-based polyester fibers. be. The method of applying the spinning oil of the present invention to such a synthetic fiber multifilament can be applied to melt-spun undrawn yarn by commonly known roller oiling, spray oiling, etc., and the amount of oil applied is 0.5 to 2.0. % (weight), preferably 0.8~
It is about 1.5%. As described above, the present invention provides warp threads that do not impede spinning and drawing properties in the manufacturing process of synthetic fiber multifilament, and also provide particularly excellent weavability even in weaving using a water jet loom without glue. It provides: Next, examples of the present invention will be shown, but the present invention is not limited thereto in any way. “Part” in Examples
indicates weight %. Further, in the examples, metal abrasion resistance in wet conditions, entanglement between single yarns due to interlacing, and weavability were measured and evaluated by the methods shown below. Measurement and evaluation of metal abrasion resistance in wet conditions The initial tension was 10g (standard) and the tension was changed to 20g and 30g, the yarn was run at a speed of 10m/min, and the running yarn was immersed in water for 0.6 seconds before it came into contact with the friction body from the metal. After that, it was brought into contact with a friction body. We also investigated various materials for the metal friction body. Friction body - (1) 5cm diameter chrome-plated satin pin, roughness 11S (2) Stainless steel rod The metal friction body rotates at 50% per minute in the direction of thread travel.
It is designed to be able to shift and slide up to 300 times. The yarn was run for 30 minutes to several hours, and then the wear marks that appeared on the metal surface were graded and evaluated. Ranked from grade 5 (good) to grade 1 (bad). Measurement of the degree of entanglement between single yarns Apply a load (unit: g) of 1/10 of the denier to the lower end of a 100 cm long yarn, divide the total single yarn into two at a cm from the upper end, and insert a thin needle into it. A load corresponding to the average single yarn denier of the multifilament (unit: g) is hung from each end of the needle, the load is dropped at a speed of 2 cm/sec, and the number of times the drop stops is read. The same operation was repeated 20 times and the average degree of confounding was measured. Evaluation of weavability using water jet loom A so-called normal 75 denier/36 yarn produced by warping polyethylene terephthalate yarn (50 denier/24 filaments) as a warp, using a normal spinning oil, and without interlacing.
Plain taffeta weave with filaments as wefts, total number of warps 5000, warp density 100/in, latitude density 80/in.
Weaving properties were compared using a waterjet loom (Nitssan) with a loom rotation speed of 400 rpm, and the average operating rate over 20 days of weaving. As a standard, we used a pasted material, which has been commonly used up until now, and compared it with a material woven according to the same standard. Examples 1 to 4 Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Each oil agent having the composition shown in Table 1 was heated to a uniform temperature of 40 to 50°C, and poured into warm water at 40 to 50°C with stirring to give each oil at a concentration of 10%. An emulsion of 1.0% of the active ingredient as an oil agent was deposited on an undrawn polyethylene terephthalate yarn (149 denier/24 filaments) that was being wound at a speed of 1000 m/min using a roller oiling method. They were attached to each other so that they would look like this. The undrawn yarn was stretched to 3.1 times using a draw twister at a preheating pin temperature of 90°C and a heat setting of 180°C, while compressed air was used using an interlacer similar to the one described in Figure 3 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-12230. is sprayed to randomly intertwine the single yarns, and then winded.
A drawn yarn was obtained. During this interlace treatment, the amount of compressed air jetted was varied to create yarns with different degrees of entanglement, and the wet metal abrasion resistance of each drawn yarn and weavability using water jet loom were evaluated. . Regarding each component in the oil agent composition, the table shows Γ random polyether...propylene oxide/ethylene oxide 50/50 copolymer and butanol-terminated Γ wax...paraffin wax (melting point 127
〓) emulsion was used. Emulsion of Γorganic acid-modified silicone

【table】

[Table] As can be seen from Table 1, the application of appropriate interlacing not only improves the metal wear resistance in wet conditions, but also improves the operating rate by water jet. However, if too much interlace is applied as in Comparative Example 4, the convergence improves considerably, and the metal abrasion resistance and operation rate are good, but the quality of the finished fabric is completely poor, and it is lowered in practical terms. , cannot achieve the purpose of the present invention and is therefore excluded from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An alkali metal salt of alkyl phosphates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms (component A) as an active ingredient of a spinning oil containing a smoothing agent and/or polyalkylene glycol when the yarn made of synthetic fiber is undrawn.
Four components are blended as essential components: an alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfonate and/or alkyl sulfate compound having 12 to 18 carbon atoms (component B), modified silicones (component C), and waxes (component D). A+B+C+D is always 4 in the active ingredient
% or more and 10% or less (weight) and A+B>
C+D, and C+D is surface-treated with a spinning oil containing a composition containing 4% (weight) or less of the total active ingredients, and random entanglement of 30 or more pieces/1 m is obtained. A method for producing synthetic fiber multifilament yarn, which is characterized by subjecting it to interlacing treatment so that the yarn is interlaced.