JPS6254365A - Data processing of chinese using voice chinese language and word processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for data processing and word processing of the Chinese language, and in particular for the processing of homonyms and tonal words (
In order to avoid the ambiguity caused by Chinese language homotones, a defined phonetic Chinese language is used.

Modern Chinese words are primarily polysyllabic. Traditionally, each word in written Chinese consists of one or more ideograms, ie, pictorial representations of some concept or thing. Each ideogram is pronounced monosyllable. However, the use of monosyllabic words alone is insufficient for spoken language. This is because Chinese has a large number of homonyms, or words that are written differently or have different meanings but are pronounced with the same sound (in this case ideograms). . In other words, the ■ monosyllables pronounced in Chinese are
It represents many different ideograms and therefore has many different meanings. Therefore, it is impractical to use only monosyllabic words for oral communication.

To overcome this problem, spoken languages have developed primarily as polysyllabic words. Either a number of ideograms are combined to produce a single polysyllabic word, or the meaning of such a word is narrowed considerably. As a result, approximately 80% of spoken Chinese words are polysyllabic words (75% of which are
is a two-syllable word). In modern written Chinese,
Following spoken language, many ideographic combinations, or polysyllabic words, are used.

Approximately 8,000 ideograms are used in modern Chinese. The total number of ideograms exceeds 50,000, but most of them are used only very rarely and are no longer part of everyday language. 198
In 2017, China adopted 6,763 ideograms as official scripts, which are to be used in China's telecommunications system. Therefore, with about 8,000 basic ideograms, the most practical Chinese language can be written.

China enjoys a strong cultural tendency through the use of ideograms, which also serves to unify the will of the people.

Therefore, there is a need for a word processing or data processing system that can produce Chinese ideograms as its output. However, the number of ideograms that require a keyboard is too large (approximately 8,000) to use them as a direct input medium.
0), not practical. Also, since ideograms are not alphabetically ordered, it is very difficult and cumbersome to process and rank them. Although outputting ideograms is important for data and word processing, such output is sufficient for word processing, but still insufficient for data processing.

Because ideograms cannot be alphabetized, it is not possible to alphabetize the ideogram output of a data processing system. Therefore, it is not easy to create elaborate dictionaries, telephone directories, directories, or other alphabetized catalogues. Therefore, it is necessary to classify this Chinese language, arrange it in alphabetical order or the Ike system, and display it in a non-colorful way.

In order to solve the NFJ problem, the Chinese government developed a method to display Chinese ideograms in the alphabet. This is known as Hanyu Pinyin and is displayed in Mandarin pronunciation. Mandarin has approximately 400 different monosyllabic sounds. Masuon can represent these 400 whole tones phonetically using 25 letters of the English alphabet (V is not used). Karion is able to skillfully accomplish this based solely on pronunciation.

Chinese has 21 consonants and 15 vowels (in addition, the sounds “i”, “u”, and d can be combined with other vowels,
(18 combined vowels can be created) Each sound can be written uniquely by combining one or more square sounds. Thus, the efficiency and convenience of word processing was improved by a system that used syllables as both input and output.

However, the main obstacle to ideographic output is the need to segment the significant number of Chinese ideograms. Even assuming a dictionary of 8,000 basic ideograms, each syllable (equivalent to one ideogram) in Chinese has an average of 20 homonyms (there are approximately 400 different syllables in Chinese). ), so one Masu syllable identifies an average of 20 different ideograms. In some cases, 1
One sound can even lead to 150 homophones.

80% of the Chinese language is polysyllabic, and the number of combinations of ideograms that create polysyllabic characters is limited, so by using a computer with a polysyllabic dictionary stored in the computer's storage device, this Some of the problems can be solved. When a multisyllabic diphonetic word is input, a limited number of corresponding combinations of ideograms are identified, often
Only one ideographic combination can uniquely be identified by a multisyllabic word. However, using a polyphonic cylinder-edited dictionary requires considerably more storage capacity than using a monophonic M1 word (ideograph) dictionary, and it also takes considerably more time to convert polyphonic words into ideographic output. It takes time. Even if you store a polyphonic encyclopedia, there are a large number of homophones in Chinese (approximately 40% of bisyllabic words have homophones), so it is difficult to distinguish between polyphones and ideograms. In the meantime, it becomes a hindrance to unique and clear mapping.

Since many ideographic words have the same pronunciation and are therefore mapped to the part of the articulatory word with a given pronunciation, there are also many homonyms in the m-printed articulations. Systems that use the Noi sound as an input word usually require special spelling, or add a letter to the end of a disyllabic word to distinguish between a number of homophones. Must be.

Other phonetic conversion systems require the operator to manually select the appropriate ideographic homonym or compound word.

Furthermore, there is a serious problem with conjugation, which is that it ignores the most fundamental feature of Chinese language, the voice Fl (tone).

Conjunctions are the sounds of different vowels or consonants, i.e. phonemes (
phonemes). Each syllable in Chinese has a tone, or accent. There are four pitch accent types in tone, as shown in Figure 1. The four tones include (1) the first tone that starts and ends high;
(2) The second voice that starts from the middle and ends high; (3) The third voice that starts from the lower middle and then goes low and then rises further; (4)
) There is a fourth tone that is raised high and then disappears low.

The syllable of a sound and the tone used in conjunction with it will be referred to as ``tone/syllable'' from now on. Each Chinese ideogram, and therefore each Chinese syllable, is pronounced by a combination of tone and syllable.

Therefore, there are a whopping 111 points in a tone-based system. Providing phonetic information alone is still insufficient, as it does not provide the complete information needed to correctly pronounce the ideogram. Furthermore, as explained above, a sound-based system must also deal with homonyms of a given Chinese syllable, which is possible, although by no means satisfactory.

However, systems based on tone do not use homotonal words (hom
otone (syllables with the same tone and sound). By resolving at the level of tones rather than the level of homonyms, the average ambiguity resulting from multiple ideograms expressed in a given tone/syllable is significantly reduced. The degree of decrease is approximately three times (
In Chinese, only about three-quarters of all possible tones and syllable widths are used).

Recognizing the problem of homonyms, several prior art publications have attempted to identify the specific ideogram sought.
It suggests adding a symbol with a certain meaning to each dermatosyllabic syllable. There are 25 letters in the diaphragm alphabet, so
The 26 ideograms can be identified by adding any one of the 25 characters (or, in some cases, without adding any character at all). However, this system does not reasonably associate the added characters with the specific ideograms that should be displayed, and it is difficult if not impossible to remember which characters correspond to which ideograms. However, it is difficult and underused.

Sound-based language deficiencies, 1928, Y, R.

This is acknowledged by Chao, who proposes a phonetic system using the Roman alphabet. This system does not represent the tone of a syllable, so a tone indicating symbol is inserted into each syllable. The main problem with this system is that the large number of tone markings prevents the creation of a meaningful alphabetical list of generated words. It is also difficult to read, and it is difficult to differentiate between the pronounced word and each ideogram.

To summarize the above, Junon is flawed in two ways. That is, (1) it does not take tone into account, and (2) it cannot distinguish between homophones.

Modifying Saii-on or other prior art systems that include tones and ideograms can alleviate these problems to some extent, but it also destroys the alphabetic nature of words and makes it difficult to find a suitable dictionary or other system. It has its own problems that make cataloging very difficult. Another problem with the Chinese modifications proposed by the prior art is that the number of symbols needed to identify a particular ideogram increases considerably, thus making it difficult to read and learn the language. making it very difficult.

The practical alphabet system uses each Chinese word (1
(consisting of one or more ideographs) must be typed as a chain of characters.

Leave a space between words. In prior art systems, there is no way to split multisyllabic words into their individual constituent characters, so multisyllabic dictionaries must be stored, which increases data or word processing storage capacity and processing time. is what happened.

Even if a means were provided to divide the polyphonic tube into its constituent syllables, the prior art alphabetic systems did not allow for a one-to-one correspondence between the phonetic symbols of the ideograms and the individual Chinese ideograms. Ta. Therefore, alphabetic representations often equate multiple ideograms, which the operator must further distinguish manually.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention utilizes the Phonetic Chinese Language (PCL) using the Phonetic Chinese Alphabet (PCA). Here, the Chinese alphabet is phonetic Chinese word (PCW)
), where each phonetic Chinese word corresponds to one ideogram. Furthermore, this phonetic Chinese word is
Chained, multisyllabic phonetic Chinese words (P P
CW).

Each ppcw corresponds to a Chinese polysyllabic compound word consisting of multiple ideograms. The audio Chinese language of the present invention has the following characteristics.

■One language utilizes an alphabet based faithfully on tones, in which an independent set of letters (of the alphabet) produces all the sounds for pronouncing all the syllables of the Mandarin language, Provides tonal information.

2. This language uses the dominant root principle (dominant -r).
ootprinciple) or the semantic classification principle (s
emantic classier principal
le), which allows the PPCW to uniquely and unambiguously identify one ideogram.
Select a language to be added to a certain PCW in order to have an unmistakable 1-to-1 correspondence between

3. The language automatically converts polysyllabic phonetic Chinese words (PCWs), which consist of an indivisible chain of PCL characters that can be concatenated into polysyllabic compound words, into individual (ideograph-corresponding) PCWs. Enables the use of separation logic that divides the

In PCL, each syllable is expressed in four different tones, so one syllable is written out four ways. Due to the tonal nature of the alphabet, this language is very easy to read, and the accuracy is automatically increased by three times compared to a system based only on sounds.

A data processor or word processor that accepts PCL input handles an average of 6 homophones (assuming 8,000 ideograms), compared to 20 or more in the prior art (assuming 8,000 ideograms). The tone words are I and 1.

Alphabets based on tones have three times higher response rates than alphabets based on sounds, and due to the characteristics of PCA described below, even when there are many homonyms, PC
It is possible to have a one-to-l correspondence between W and Chinese ideograms. As will be described in detail later, the PCL of the present invention is 25
5 homophones (225x4=l, corresponding to 020 homophones) are converted into tones and syllables containing only the vowels "i", "u", and "d' of the conjunction, and 170 homophones. (equivalent to 680 homonyms), the ending of the word is “lo”, “u” with a single sound
, or into tones and syllables ending in "ra", and 85 homophone words (equivalent to 340 homonyms) can be divided into all other tones and syllables. An I-to-I correspondence between PCW (combining all the phonetic and tone information necessary for the pronunciation of a given tone/syllable) and ideograms was not possible in the prior art.

An important advantage of the present invention is that a computer program can be used to create a chained PP without pre-storing a polysyllabic dictionary.
It is the ability to write out inseparably chained multisyllabic spoken Chinese words from the spoken Chinese alphabet in such a way that the CW is divided into individual PCWs. This part of the invention is very important. Because of this feature, it is not necessary to store a polysyllabic word dictionary in the computer's storage device, since PCWs and ideograms are combined in an I-to-one correspondence.

Rather, all PPCWs are entered as chained PCL characters and then submitted to a separation method that splits the PPCW into individual PCws. The computer then queries a phonetic initial dictionary which converts each PCW to its corresponding ideogram.

This significantly reduces storage capacity and processing time for data or word processing using the present invention.

Another important effect of the use of separation logic and the unique one-to-one correspondence between PCWs and ideograms is that alphagrammatic lists (PGLs) can be extracted from stored PCWs in a way not possible with prior art systems. ) is automatically obtained. The alphagrammic list guarantees that the PCW is usually arranged in alphabetical order, but homotonous words that are separated in this alphabet group and multisyllabic compound words that start with the initial letter of the same ideogram are grouped together. It is something to do. A purely alphabetical PCL list may separate words or phrases that begin with the same ideographic initial letter, due to the semantic classifiers present in some words and absent in others. Alphagrammatic lists avoid this possibility and allow words with the same ideographic initial letter to be grouped together. Details regarding PGL will be described later.

Because of the tonal nature of PCL, as well as the dominant roots and semantic classifiers discussed below, PCL can uniquely identify as many as 50,000 ideograms.

Of the 8,000 major ideograms (sera), approximately 3,900 characters can be identified by using only three variations in the spelling of each PCW "Mai root" according to defined dominant root principles. It is. This accounts for approximately 97% of the words used in Chinese. Of the remaining ideograms in the main set, 80 are used with similar or identical semantic classification symbols to the Chinese root on which the ideograms are based.
Percentages are discernible. Therefore, PCL is concise and very easy to read. All other ideograms of Chinese can also be identified using one semantic classification symbol. So PCL can uniquely identify all Chinese ideograms.

For this reason, PCL is an ideogram with a maximum of 4 characters and an average frequency of 2.4 characters, compared to the maximum of 7 characters (sometimes 8 characters) and the average frequency of use of 4 characters required when using diphones. Just use . By selecting phonetic Chinese alphabets that are similar to Chinese ideograms or parts of ideograms, PCA characters (even when used as semantically similar symbols) can be used by people who know Chinese ideograms. can be easily understood by anyone. This technique is very advantageous for directly identifying the roots of ideograms, which take the form of basic ideograms even in Chinese, where semantic classifiers are traditional.

Additionally, when a PCL is juxtaposed in text with a corresponding ideogram on a video display or printout, or juxtaposed on alternate lines, each ideogram can be easily read by associating it with its corresponding PCW. This provides a concise presentation of ideograms and how to pronounce them,
PCL becomes an ideal tool for teaching ideographic Chinese language.

PCL also simplifies the hardware and software required for Chinese language computer processing. The standard Chinese language designated as "Chinese Hieroglyphic Character Set Codes for Information Interchange - Main Set" uses a 2-byte dicicle code for each Chinese ideogram. Although similar to this, a large set of 13.053 ideograms called the ``Universal Chinese Ideographic Standard Code'' was published by Taiwan in March 1986. This also has 2-
Use byte code.

In the phonetic Chinese language described here, a total of 85
To hood the phonetic Chinese alphabet of characters,
Only a 7-byte code is required. This 7-
The code of the byte is referred to herein as the American Standard Code for Information Interchange J (CSC11) and is illustrated in Figure 13. It is similar to ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), both of which are Use 7 important bits. However,
As shown in Figure 13, ASCII is 0-12
7(O0)I-71l-1),
Book C9C11 is 129-222 (8
1H-DHE) Use only the microwave. In any case C
5C11 is ASCII by adding the leading “bibit”
, it is very convenient to use for bilingual English/Chinese information exchange that uses both an alphabetic display device and a digital code system, which are easily adopted by computers.

In this way, PCL avoids the need for pictorial coding of ideograms, but rather each ideogram has a unique seven
- Represented by tonal spelling of the ideogram as PCW coded as a combination of PCA character codes of bits. Therefore, each ideogram is coded as a combination of no more than four characters - often with an average usage frequency of 2.4 characters - of the standard 7-bit PCA character code, which allows for computer processing of Chinese text. This significantly simplifies the required hardware and software.

Because of the characteristics of face writing, the present invention applies the same technology as English processing to PCL to completely freely process words and information on data, while clearly outputting Chinese ideograms and creating an alphagramic list. It also makes it possible to create

Embodiment A, Spoken Chinese Language The present invention is based on the tone-based alphabet illustrated in FIG. This alphabet is
Although the designation is of an embodiment that the inventors currently believe is preferred, other designations having the same or fundamentally the same tonal and tonal information may also be used. No matter what special symbols are used, it is preferable that the symbols used to represent vowels of the same sound but different tones be clear and related to each other.

It can also be encoded as a combination of digital codes with only seven significant bits, as shown in FIG. This allows the hardware and software requirements to be substantially simplified over the prior art.

As shown in Figure 2, the phonetic Chinese alphabet of the application proposal is
/ ) has 85 characters, 25 consonants and 60 vowel tones (a vowel tone is a letter that represents both the sound of a vowel and the special tone in which it is pronounced). Each letter is designated with a serial number for ready-to-use data processing knobs. In Fig. 2, the consonant sound corresponding to the PCA letter I has been added below the PCA letter. Vowels do not differentiate between ideograms pronounced with the "u" and "6" sounds, including the umlaut, which can lead to confusion as to how the ideogram should be pronounced. However, P.C.
In 13, clear distinctions are made to improve readability. Since vowel letters do not contain tone information, the phonetic letters corresponding to the vowel tone of PCA are changed to the first tone (
(See Figure 1) is added only below the vowel tone pronounced. The same sounds but different tones are used for each related vowel tone in each column of Figure 2. Therefore, each vowel tone in columns 23-26 has an "a" sound. From then on, the phonetic Chinese alphabet was referred to interchangeably with vowel letters and designated numbers.
Even the actual PCA characters are called interchangeably.

In Chinese, there are 21 consonant sounds and 5 vowel sounds. 21
The consonant sounds are divided into short consonant sounds and long consonant sounds, each listed in its corresponding column.

Each major consonant has one of the various basic vowel sounds incorporated within it. Since an ideogram corresponds to a long consonant sound, it must have a corresponding tone marking symbol included in the PCW. This is 27-30
This is done by adding one of the vowel tones in column or 79 to 821Il [l. In this case, only the ■ tone is added, and this itself does not become a vowel sound. On the other hand, a short consonant does not include a vowel sound, and must be accompanied by a PCW vowel tone, which represents both the vowel sound and the tone used.

In addition to the traditional 2I consonant of 1-2NIIfl, PC
A further includes a zero consonant 22 and semiconsonants 83 to 85. The zero consonant 22 (represented by the symbol 0) is unvoiced and is used as a syllable delimiter to divide polyphonic initials into individual syllables in the special case described below.

The semi-consonant S3.84.85 is pronounced with a vowel sound, but since it has no tone, it acts as a consonant. Rather, tones must be added within the PCW. The semi-consonant 83.84.85 is the vowel tone 27-30.39-42
．． 47-50, respectively, and each vowel tone of the latter could be toned along with its associated semiconsonant.

This gives PCL considerable flexibility and allows it to answer a large number of tonal words. 6. Most importantly, when you combine 83.84 or 85 with one vowel, you get 18 conjunctive vowels. “1”
, “u” and “V”, (83-8
5 vs. 27-30.39-42.47-50), an important basis is obtained that will ultimately enable separation logic.

Since there are 15 vowels in Chinese, each with one of the four sides illustrated in Figure 1, there are 60 vowel tones. In PCL, each vowel is divided into four related vowel tones, each of which has the same sound but a different tone.

As an example, vowel sounds: A23-26 all sound the same "a" sound, and the tones from the first to the fourth tones (corresponding to the four tones in Figure 1) are expressed. Motsu. Although each letter of the vowel tone family is the same basic letter, it is differentiated by inserting a line somewhere within the basic letter to identify the second, third, and fourth tones. For example, 23
With particular reference to the vowel tone family of ~261III,
To identify the second tone, place a line below the base letter; to identify the third voice, place a line above the base letter; and to identify the fourth voice. , draw a line about a quarter from the top of the basic character. A similar distinction is made for the individual vowel tone families displayed.

Vowel Q27-30 serves two purposes. The short consonant is pronounced as "i" and contains both sound information and tone information. If attached to a long consonant or a semiconsonant 83, it acts as a voiceless vowel and becomes only a tone. This is indicated by a dash (-) in FIG. In the latter case, the voiceless vowel sound is subsumed specifically within the long or semiconsonant.

Vowel tones 35-38 also serve a dual purpose. When it comes to short consonants 1-4 or half-consonants 83-85, °
0”.The rest of the letters are pronounced “e”.
is pronounced. This redundant use is similar to the Chinese “bo,” p
′, “m”, “f”, “y”, “w”, “yu
If an "e" sound is added after ', there are no tones/syllables in Chinese, and if "0" sounds are added to the remaining consonants, there are no tones/syllables in Chinese. I'II
It is considered to be Noh. This effective use of vowel g35-38 does not reduce 4 characters out of the total number of characters required for PCA.

879-82 for vowels serves a triple purpose. Whenever these vowel tones are unique or accompany a zero consonant 22, they are pronounced "er." Whenever a short consonant is used, it is pronounced as "i." Whenever a long consonant or a semi-consonant is followed, it is voiceless and provides only tonal information (the vowel sound is provided by the long consonant or semi-consonant itself).

A Chinese Table 6 Alpha character is defined by a tone/syllable that can take one of the following forms: That is, in cv, csv, sv, and V, C is a consonant, S is a semiconsonant (a letter with a vowel sound but no tone),
■ is a vowel tone (a character that has both a vowel sound and a tone).

Using the characters illustrated in Figure 2, the Phonetic Chinese Alphabet provides the phonetic and tonal information necessary to pronounce all tones and syllables (and therefore all ideograms) of Chinese. The combination of letters to obtain this necessary information is
As explained in detail in Figure 4Δ-41, this is a tone diagram showing the 1) CL expressions of all tones and syllables that appear in Chinese. In this figure, the consonants of the PCA are arranged vertically, and the vowel tones are arranged horizontally. The Kogo sound corresponding to the PCA character is the PC
It is shown next to the letter A.

Figures 4A-4D illustrate all of the tones/syllables that take the form cv, sv and ■. Vowel tones 27-30 and 79-82 have different pronunciations depending on whether they are short or long consonants, so in order to distinguish between short and long consonants, there is a thick sound between consonants 11 and 12. The horizontal line is drawn (see above).

Similarly, in Figure 4, between consonants 4 and 5, between the zero consonant and semiconsonant 83, and under the vowel tone 35-38 column, there are different sounds for vowels depending on which consonant they are attached to. fA35-3
The thick line is drawn to indicate that it is designated as 8.

PCA can display approximately 3,000 tones/syllables. Many tones/syllables can be written in multiple ways using PCA. This is shown in quadruple diagram 4'A-4 and will be discussed further below. Chinese contains only 1,292 of these tones/syllables. Tones and syllables not used in Chinese are indicated in Figure 4A-4.1 by spaces or dashes.

PCA can display all 1,292 tones and syllables of Chinese, but standard Mochiai can only display syllables of the 4IO tones of Chinese. The complete tone table for Saiki-on is presented in Figure 3. The degree to which the response rate for spoken Chinese language has increased compared to that for parallel sounds can be easily seen by comparing the tone charts and tone charts in Figure 3 and Figure 4A-Quadruple. The increased answerability with PCL is achieved by using fewer syllables than with the Saiguan method, thereby providing more information than when using the 4-Douin method, while improving the reading comprehension of spoken Chinese languages. increase

Using the phonetic Chinese alphabet, cv, csv, sv
It is possible to provide all the information necessary to pronounce tones and syllables that take the possible forms of and ■ from the aspects of pronunciation and tone. However, the phonetic and tonal information required to pronounce ideograms does not by itself provide sufficient information to distinguish between tonal words. Therefore, if necessary, PCL adds extra classification symbols to tones/syllables to distinguish between tonal words. Special symbols added to tones/syllables are determined by the dominant root system or semantic classification system.

The dominant root system is used to distinguish between the three most commonly occurring tones (based on frequency of use in practice) for each tone/syllable. According to this system, phonetic Chinese words (identifying unique ideograms) are divided into Type 1, consisting only of tone-syllables (TS) (unless there is a need to distinguish between tone words), tone-syllables (TS) that repeat vowels, Syllable (TS+V)
The second type consists of tones and syllables with a zero consonant (T S
It can be divided into the third type consisting of + Z). For example, the first, second, and third types of the tone/syllable "sha" are -μ, (type 1), immersion = (type 2), and -so J- (type 3). . Using this simple system, you can
Syllables increase the answer level by 3 times, each sound has 12 syllables (3X
4) The answer level was obtained. The combinations of tones and syllables written in Types 1, 2, and 3 are sufficient to represent approximately 97 percent of Chinese in terms of frequency of use. Therefore, P.C.
A identifies 97 percent of Chinese ideograms based on frequency of use, following only the simple dominant root principle.

It is relatively easy for individuals to memorize the three most frequently occurring tonal words in order to distinguish each tone/syllable.
This makes it a very practical input system. PCW, whether the person is typing phonetic Chinese words (on a keyboard or other input device) or not remembering which tones occur most often among types 1, 2, and 3. It is a simple task to guess at the appropriate shape, look at the corresponding ideograms shown on the display screen, and change the input if the ideograms shown do not correspond to the desired ideogram.

The remaining 3% of the language in use, Chinese tonal words, can be distinguished using a semantic classification system.

Each letter in PCA has a special meaning category (e.g.
As a semantic classification symbol representing insects, mountains, trees), it serves as a logical marker for the desired tonal word. (This is also evident from its use as a support marker for phonetic and tonal information.) One exception is N79 for vowels, which, as discussed further below, is called the "inverted ideograph." , used only to identify special Chinese ideograms. When used as a semantic classification symbol, the PCA letter follows a tone or syllable to convey its meaning to the reader, but not the sound and tone.

As an example, the three characters in column 72.84.68 are identical or nearly identical to the traditional ideographic roots insect (72), mountain (84), earth (68), and tree (3), respectively. In the top row of FIG. 9A, these letters have been added to the tone/syllables to form four different PCWs.

The related ideogram (which unites roughly the same root) is p
It is displayed under cw.

Figure 9B is another example of how symbolic classifiers can be used to distinguish between tonal words.

This figure is a dictionary list in which PCWs and their corresponding ideograms are arranged from left to right in alphagrammatic order. Each ideogram is integrated into the root word “tree” and each P
CW has similar characters.

Also note that the four inputs to the block surrounded by dotted lines and marked 9b are tonal words that cannot be distinguished by juxtaposition.

Using a combination of the dominant root system and the semantic classification system, each tone/syllable can be divided into 85 tones (equivalent to 350 homonyms). This is more than enough for most tones and syllables, but some tones and syllables have as many as 85 tonal words. These tones and syllables are
There are two types of tones and syllables: (1) tones and syllables that contain only 'i', 'u', or °mu° vowels, and (2) tones and syllables that end with the vowel 'i'. Spoken Chinese By taking advantage of the unique features of the alphabet, the spoken Chinese language has 170 homophones (equivalent to 680 homonyms) for all tones and syllables ending in the 'i'fB sound, and 255 Homophones (equivalent to 1,020 homophones) can be resolved into tones/syllables containing only vowels of °i', 'u' or α゛.This is done in the following way. Ru.

As shown in FIG. 2, l' can be written using the semiconsonant 83 or the vowel tone 27-30. Similarly, the "u° sound is a semiconsonant 84, or a vowel 839-4
It can be written using 2.

Finally, the °a' sound is a semi-consonant 85, or a vowel tone 47 =
It can be written using 50. Although semiconsonants 83-85 have no tone, the vowel tone described above can be used to indicate the tone when attached to a semiconsonant that has the same sound information.

Also, the vowel tone 79-82 can be used to indicate the tone when the semiconsonant 83-85 is reached, as described above. This allows each of the 'i', 'u', and 'mu' tones/syllables to be written in 12 different ways, as shown in Figures 5A-5C. In the first column of each of these diagrams, semi-consonants are used to provide tonal information, and vowel tones with the same sound are used to provide tonal information. In the second column of Figure 5,
Semi-consonants are used to provide sound information and voiceless vowels 79-82 are used to provide tonal information. In the third column of FIG. 5, only vowel tones are used to provide phonetic and tonal information. This unique capability of the PCA significantly increases the flexibility and processing power of the PCL compared to prior art systems.

Regarding the tone and syllable answers that end with the °i′ sound in PCL,
Much thicker than those of prior art systems. this is,
This is due to the fact that the 11 tones 27-30 and 79-82 are all pronounced "1" by the special consonant that follows them. When the vowel 179-82 follows the short consonant, °j゛In fact, the consonants T', 'g'
There are no tones or syllables in Chinese that have an "i°" sound after , 'ni', 'h', or °r'. Therefore, the vowel tone 79-82 is the consonant 4.9.10,11 or 1
It is never used after 8, and these combinations are used only to distinguish between tonal words. vowel tone 79-8
Whenever 2 follows a long consonant + 2-21, or a semi-consonant 83-85 (each of which is voiceless but contains a vowel), it acts as a voiceless vowel that does not make a sound but indicates the tone/tonality of the syllable. . Vowel tones 27-30 are pronounced °i° whenever they follow a short consonant. Whenever it follows a long consonant, it does not have a vowel, but indicates the tone of the syllable and acts as a voiceless vowel.

Because of the above characteristics of vowel tones 27-30 and 79-82, the phonetic Chinese language has 17 tonal words ending in the i° sound.
0 can also be written, and if the base tone/syllable ends in a vowel 927-30, it will be 85 characters, and the base tone/syllable will be a vowel, 1179-82.
Even if it ends with this sound, it is 85 characters long, and in the end, PCL can classify 680 homonyms that end with this sound.

Figure 1L shows a large number of tonal words and homophones, in this case 24 homophones, with the ``sha'' sound and 86 homophones.
Two examples are given of how to answer the ideograms behind the shi' sound, which has a homophone.

Each column shows all tonal words of a given tone/syllable. For example, the first column (marked 14 on the right) shows 14 tones of the tone/syllable 'sha' pronounced in the first voice. Below each PCW is a corresponding ideogram. The first three PCWs are the 11th, 2nd, and
, the third type PCW.

For the remaining +1 PCWs, the third PCL is the significance classification symbol.

If you look at the bottom of Figure 11 (the part marked 40 on the right), you can see that there are as many as 40 tonal words for the tone/syllable "shi" pronounced in the fourth tone.The first 33 In homotonal words, 'r' is represented by the vowel tone 30. The last 7
In the two homotonal words, the "i' vowel is represented by the vowel tone 82.

B3 separation logic There are three ideal ways to express Chinese:

1. Provides all the sound information and tone information necessary to pronounce Chinese tones and syllables in both sounds and tones.

2. Provide a concise and effective method for distinguishing tonal words.

3. To provide a basis for separating a polyphonic initial character string into individual components corresponding to one ideogram without relying on a polyphonic initial dictionary.

As explained in detail above, the audio Chinese language of the present invention has exactly the characteristics described in items 1 and 2 above. Furthermore, as explained below, it also has the characteristics of the three items.

All phonetic Chinese words formed using the phonetic Chinese alphabet take one of two forms:

PCW=TS+G First equation PCW=TS Second equation Here, TS refers to tone/syllable (cv, csv, sv).

G is a letter in PCA, which is added to tones and syllables to separate homotonal words. This additional character can be selected using either the dominant root zama or the semantic classification principle, as described above. This character is called the generalized semantic classifier G, regardless of whether the dominant root word or the semantic classifier principle is used for its selection.

Therefore, the relationship between the first and second equations is more generally expressed by the third equation: PCW=TS+Q. Here, Q is a generalized tone/syllable modification symbol, and is defined as a symbol that includes both the generalized semantic classification symbol G and the invalid set φ (i.e., if any one character is ). Therefore, the generalized tone/syllable correction symbol Q is expressed by removing one letter or adding one letter from PCA (as will be explained in detail later, except for the vowel, d, !+ 79, the line table is It is not used as a classification symbol G).

As mentioned above, the tone/syllable can be any cedar among the four types: cv, csv, sv, and ojobi ■.

Generalized tone/syllable modification symbols Q are φ, C, and Z.

It can take any of the five shapes of ■, or S (
Z represents the zero consonant 22). Therefore, PCW is the sixth
It can take any of the 20 different shapes shown in the figure.

When chained in rows, the first two rows of cedar (CV and C5V
) can all be distinguished. However, in the 3rd and 4th columns (ignore the * marks for the moment), if the pcw in the 3rd and 4th columns is PPC
PCW that forms part of W and is located in one place
If it ends in a consonant, it can be confused with the first and second aI. In particular, if the PCW in column 3 follows a PCW in the form of CVC or csvc, the PCW in column 311II is
It can be confused with the 2nd IIi11 PCW. Similarly, if the PCW in column 4 takes the form of CVC or C9VC, then
If placed after W, it can be confused with PCW in the first column.

To avoid this possibility, these PCWh<PPCW
When the PCW that forms part of the
Zero consonant 2 at the beginning of CW by PCL text author
2 is added. This is displayed with a * mark in front of the third and fourth columns of each PCW.

By following this simple input method, we create a simple computer program that unambiguously splits the PPCW into its individual PCW components and then identifies the special Chinese alphabet characters that correspond to the disjointed PCWs. be able to.

Another special method is required due to the nature of inverted ideograms. Inverted ideograph (also called inverted vowel)
is the only Chinese ideogram that modifies the preceding color character so that it ends in an °er' sound. This is because two consecutive ideograms are combined to form one syllable (
ending in 'er'). As a result, the inverted phonetic color character always appears at the end of a multisyllabic character string, that is, at the end of a PPCW word. As mentioned above,
The vowel tone 79 is one of those pronounced "er" when isolated by itself or after the zero consonant 22. The inverted tone is pronounced "°er" in Chinese. Therefore, vowel tone 79 is defined as representing an inverted ideogram. This designation is important for a computer program to divide the ppcw into each component of the PCW and then identify one special Chinese ideogram corresponding to each PCW. As described below, the program treats inverted ideograms differently from the rest of the ideograms. This program identifies the PI'CW by looking for this ideogram before further decomposing it into individual PCWs.

The flow chart showing the PCW separation method is shown in Section 7A-7.
This is illustrated in Figure D. The method may be written as a computer program and then executed by a general purpose computer. The example flow chart is
It presents a method in which input PPCWs are converted into Chinese ideograms using separation logic and a monophonic dictionary that associates each PCW with each ideogram. This program is useful for larger data processing or word
It can be used in conjunction with those seeking any kind of processing.

Although only one particular program is illustrated here, the invention is not limited to this program; programmers of ordinary skill level can use the same principles and achieve the same results as embodiments of the invention. Many other programs could be designed that would Additionally, the program identifies the ideogram before displaying it on the output device. Display of ideograms is not absolutely necessary, and PCL and separation logic can be used to simply identify ideograms without displaying them. Broadly speaking, the present invention is also considered to encompass separation logic for separating multisyllabic strings.

Let us now turn to Figure 7A-7. The program begins with an instruction block IO. Here, 7Lz'
S'l'ft1NG (J), SEG (M), and P
CW (X) is cleared, flags RV, Z, E.

and variable JMAX is set to zero. array 5
TrtlNG(J) is used to store consecutive characters of PPCW. The initials of PPCW are 5TRING.
The second character of PPCW stored in element (1) is stored in element 5TRIG(2) and so on. Array 5TRING(J) has sufficient capacity to store the maximum number of PPCWs the system is designed to process. In most cases, a 20 element array is sufficient. Array upon request
5TII NG (J) is a PC without pressing the space bar to separate P P CW (Chinese compound word).
It may be made very large in order to input a long string of A (consisting of multiple PPCWs).

Array S E G (M) is a five-element array that temporarily stores a portion of a PPCW string that determines how many characters in the string form one PCW. Array PCW(X) is used to temporarily store PCWs so that their corresponding ideograms can be identified. Array 5TRING (J), SEG (M)
, and PCW(X) are all cleared, each element is set to zero.

Flag RV is an inverted vowel signal and is set to Bi whenever the ending of the PPCW indicates an inverted vowel 79. Whenever flag RV is set to zero, it means that the ending of ppcw does not display an inverted vowel.

The zero consonant flag Z is the initial letter of PCW, which is the zero consonant 22.
Show whether. If the initial letter is a zero consonant, flag Z is set to l°.

Flag E is an error signal, and when the separation logic determines that the PCW strings are incorrectly arranged,
It is set to 1°.

The variable JMAX is used to detect the length of ppcw.
As soon as the PCW is activated to 5 TRING (J), the counter J
The number of

Once the array is cleared and the signal is set to zero, the first operation in the isolation logic is to identify one PPCW and
The next step is to store it in the array STRING(J,). This is the logic block +2- in Figure 7A.
Do it at 23.

First, proceeding to instruction block I2, the program sets variable J to "l". Next, it checks to see if the input data buffer register REGA (block 14) contains a character. For the purposes of the present invention, At a given moment,
To ensure that register REG A contains only one character at any given time, input characters are transferred one character at a time to buffer register R at a rate slower than the computer's processing time.
Assume that it is stored in EGA. If desired, the program can be modified to add from previously stored lists containing multiple PPCWs (with or without spaces between each word). In this case, the program first separates the list into individual PPCWs and then processes each PPCW in the manner described below.

Returning to decision block i4, the program reads ppcw
Continue to roll the register REGA until the first letter of the string appears in the register. At that point, the program proceeds to decision block I6 and determines whether the register REG A is blank (no alphabetic character appears). If not blank, the program advances to decision block 18 and the P in REG A
Array 5TRING(
J) (J is initially set to ``1''). Then register I'? EG A
is cleared (instruction block 20), and the variable J is increased by l (instruction block 22). To find out the length of ppcw that will eventually be loaded into 5TRING(J),
The number of variables JMAX also increases. The program then returns to decision block 14 with the second character placed in register REGA. If this character part is not blank, J is 2 in block 22, so 5TRI
It is placed in the second element of NG(J). The program continues to loop through elements 14-23 until register REGA is completely empty of characters.

Once blank, the PPCW word becomes STRING (
One by one is stored in each consecutive element of J), and all of them are stored in 5 TRING(J). The numerical value of the variable JMAX, that is, the length of PPCW is stored. Once each PPCW has been entered into 5TRIG(J), the program proceeds to decision block 24.

When we put one PPCW word in the array 5TrtI NG (J), we check whether the end of the ppcw word is an inverted ideogram (or also called an inverted vowel). This is done in logic blocks 24-30. Proceeding to logic block 24, the program first selects 5TRIG(
Check whether the last letter of J) is in vowel tone 79. If not, the end of ppcw does not display an inversion ideograph and the program can immediately proceed to decision block 32.

If the last letter of 5TRING (J) is vowel tone 79, we need to re-examine whether it represents an inverted ideogram. According to the above rules, vowel tone 79 cannot be used as a semantic classifier. Therefore, tone/syllable 1
It cannot follow the vowel tone as a part. If vowel tone 79 follows another vowel tone, an inverted vowel must be displayed. Similarly, as shown in Figure 4D, as part of the tone/syllable, consonant 113
．． 4.7-■ Cannot be placed after 1 or +8. (The combinations 3-79 and 8-79 form Chinese tones/syllables. To avoid ambiguity, these are specifically excluded from the list of possible tone/syllable character combinations. .

(See Figure 4D). Therefore, if vowel tone 79 is a vowel or a consonant! , 3.4.7 to 11.18, it is clearly seen that vowel tone 79 indicates an inverted vowel. The program starts with decision block 2
The second to last letter of 6 no 5 TRING (J) is a vowel (
V) or consonant C-=1, 3.4.7-11.1
We'll do a test to see if it's one of the 8. If not, the vowel tone 79 does not display an inverted vowel and the program proceeds to decision block 32. 5 TRIN
If the penultimate letter of G(J) is one of the vowels or consonants C', the vowel tone 79 does not represent an inverted vowel. In this case, the ending of 5TRrNG(J) is set to zero and the inverted vowel flag Rv is set to l (see blocks 28-30).

5 Once we have determined whether the ending of TRING(J) represents an inverted vowel, we identify the first PCW word of the PPCW string stored in ST[1(NG(J)). This is done in logic block 32- This is done by a subroutine consisting of 76 (FIG. 7B).

As mentioned above, PCW words take the generalized form TS+Q. Tone/syllable: csv, cv, sV, or V
The length can be one of ■, 2, or 3 characters.

- The membraned tone/syllable modifier Q can be zero or one character long, so the total length of the PCW is 2, 3, or 4.
Become any of the characters. The actual length of the first tone/syllable of STRI NG (J) is determined by the subroutine of logic blocks 32-42.

Once this is determined, the length of the PCW can be clearly determined by examining the two letters that immediately follow the tone/syllable. This is done according to the subroutine of blocks 44-76. More specifically, these characters have a range of possible tones and
cs, cv, sv, or V, which is the form that corresponds to the first two letters of the syllable form C8v, cv, sv, or VP.
P(P=φ.

A test is performed to see if any one of C, Z, or S) is selected. If cs, cv, sv.

Or, if you take the form of VP, these two characters become 5TRING (J
), the first letter of the second tone/syllable is determined, Q is set to zero, and the length of the PCW is the same as the tone/syllable. If it does not take one of these forms, then Q is a generalized semantic classifier G, and the length of the PCW is equal to the length of the tone/syllable+1.

Turning to FIG. 7B, the subroutine for determining the initial tone and syllable length of S'r111NG(J)(7) begins at decision block 32. The computer first uses 5Trt I
Check whether the initial letter of PPCW in NG (J) is a semiconsonant. If so, the tone/syllable must take the form of Sv, resulting in two letters. The program therefore proceeds to block 34 and sets the variable n=2. The variable n represents the number of characters in the tone/syllable.

If the first element of 5TRIG(J) is not a semiconsonant, the program proceeds to decision block 36 and the 5TRING(J)
Check whether the first element of NG (J) is a vowel. If so, the tone/syllable consists of V and the variable n is set to l (block 38). If 5TRI
If the first element of NG (J) is neither a semiconsonant nor a vowel, it must be a consonant. In this case, the tone/syllable can take the form C8v or Cv, depending on whether the second letter of 5TnING (J) is a semiconsonant or a vowel.

To determine this, the program proceeds to decision block 40 and checks to see if the second letter of 5TRING (J) is a consonant. If so, the tone/syllable takes the form C8V and the variable n is set to 3 (block 42). 2
If the th element is also not a semiconsonant, the tone/syllable takes the form of a CV and the variable n is set to 2 (block 34).

Once the subroutine consisting of blocks 32-42 determines the number of characters in a tone/syllable and sets the variable n to that number, the length of the string n+2 characters is determined by the generalized tone/syllable modifier Q being zero or G. A check must be made to see if it is set. This is block 44-7
This is done in a subroutine including 6.

Starting at instruction block 44, the program begins with variable N=n+
2, M=1. Set J=1. Variable N is array S
Determine the number of characters to be placed in E G (M), variable M determines the specific element of array SEG (M) that is being tested, and variable J determines the specific element of array 5TRIG (J) that is being tested. Decide on the elements. 5 Trits before testing the 2 letters that come immediately after the tone/syllable.
Array the first N character of lNG (J) S E G (M)
must be moved to This is logical block 46-
Do it with 50.

Once this is done, the program will write n or n+1 to the PCW.
Proceeding to a subroutine that includes decision blocks 52-76 that determine which of the letters (i.e., whether the generalized tone/syllable Q is a letter or a zero set) is included. This looks at the last two characters of the array S E G (M) and determines whether these two characters take the form cs, cv, sv, or VP, and therefore which of those two characters is 5Trt I NG(J)'s second PC
This is achieved by determining whether it is the initial letter of the W word. The second to last character of array SEG(M) is ST
If it is the first letter of the second word in the PCW of RI NG (J), it is not a semantic classifier, and the length of the PCW is equal to the tone/syllable length. If the last character of the array S E G (M) is the initial letter of the second word of the pcw of 5TRING (J), then the penultimate character of S E G (M) is a semantic classifier. In this case, STRIN
The first PCW of G(J) is one character longer than the tone 0 syllable.

Starting at instruction block 52, the program begins with S.E.G.
Determine whether the ending of (M) is vowel (remember that in the subroutine containing blocks 46-50, the value of variable M was increased to N). If SEG
If the last letter of (M) is vowel tone, then C;; E c
Check whether the second to last letter of (M) is also in the vowel tone. If so, an error condition exists (the PCL input rules state that if the first PCW in a string ends in a vowel tone, the initial letter of the next PCW cannot be in a vowel tone). If an error condition exists, the program proceeds to instruction block 56 and either rings a bell or
Other error messages can be displayed. The program then advances to instruction block 58 where error flag E is set to 1 and variable P is set to N. As described below, the person who entered the PCW here should check it and use S E G to find out where the input error occurred.
Project all strings stored in (M) on the display screen.

If the penultimate letter of S E G (M) is not a vowel tone (block 54), the program proceeds to decision block 62 to see if it is a consonant.

If so, the zero consonant flag Z is set to 1;
Variable P is set to N (blocks 64 and 65)
. If the penultimate character is not a zero consonant, the program proceeds directly to instruction block 66 and variable P is set to N. In either case, - membranous tone/
The syllable correction mark Q is equal to the invalid set, so P is N
It is confirmed that it is set to . This allows that P
CW is identified as being equal only to this tone/syllable.

Returning to decision block 52, if the last letter of S E G (M) is not a vowel tone, the program checks whether it is a semiconsonant (decision block 68). If so, the program then checks whether the penultimate element of S E G (M) is a consonant (block 70). If so, the second PCW is S E
It starts with the penultimate character of G (M), so the first PCW is n characters longer. Therefore, the PCW length variable P is set to N (block 66). If the penultimate letter of SEG (M) is not a consonant, then the semi-consonant located at the end of S E G (M) is the initial letter of the second PCW of 5 TRING (J), so The first pcw of 5TRIG(J) is n+1 characters long.

Returning to decision block 68, if the last letter of SEG(M) is neither a vowel nor a semiconsonant, it must be a consonant or a zero consonant. In this case, the first pcw of 5TrtlNG(J) is longer by n+1 characters and the PCW length variable P is set to n+1 in instruction block 76. Before proceeding to instruction block 76, the program proceeds to decision block 72 to determine whether the last letter of S E G (M) is a zero consonant. If so, the zero consonant variable Z is set to l. As shown below, the zero consonant will be removed from 5TrtlNG(J) later in the program.

At this point, the program has clearly determined how many characters are in the first PCW of 5TRING (J).

This PCW is then placed into PCW(X) according to the subroutine consisting of blocks 78-84.

Returning to decision block 86, the computer determines if the error flag E7'l<1 is set.

If so, the program proceeds to instruction block 88;
S E on the display screen so that the keyboard operator can see what his input error was.
Displays the information stored in G (M).

If the error signal is not one, the program proceeds to instruction block 90. The computer only identifies possible PCWs.
It has a monophonic initial word dictionary that specifically corresponds to the first two ideograms. The program looks at the ideogram identified by the PCW in array PCW(X) and projects this ideogram on the display.The next action it takes at this point is to identify the ideogram and display it on the display. To, 5
The purpose is to check the next PCW of TRI NG (J).

As described above, the subroutine consisting of blocks 32-90 analyzes the first PCW indicated in 5TRING(J) and determines that the character placed in the first element position of 5TRING(J) Assume that it is the initial letter of the first PCW. The program is 5 TRING (J
) to analyze the second PCW of 5TRING (
The first letter of the second PCW of J) is 5TrtI NG(J
) Each character in 5TflING(J) must be moved to the left a sufficient number to ensure that it is placed in the position of the first element of ). This processing occurs at blocks 92-104 of Figure 7D.

As mentioned above, the PCW length variable P is 5TRING(
block 58 equal to the length of the first PCW character of J)
-66 and 76.

The character 5TRING(J) must be removed so that the program can evaluate the second PCW of 5TRING(J). If it is a zero consonant or 5 TRING (J
), one more character must be removed if it is to be used as a syllabic character between the first and second PCW words. Since the character p+2 is already shown on the display so that the keyboard operator can see his error and correct it, if an error condition exists, he will have to remove two more characters. No. This is done in the subroutine comprising blocks 92-104 (see Figure 7D).

Starting at block 92, the program checks whether the zero consonant flag Z is set to l. If so, the PCW length variable p is set to p+1 and the program proceeds to instruction block 100. If the zero consonant signal is not set, the program proceeds to decision block 96 to determine if the error signal is set to one. If so, the PCW length variable p is set to p+2 (block 98) and the program proceeds to instruction block 100. If the error signal is not set, the program proceeds directly to instruction block 100.

According to instruction block 100, variable J is set to l, and the program enters a loop containing blocks 102-106. Shift each element of 5TRING(J) to the left by p characters to ensure that the first letter of the second pcw of 5TRING(J) is in the position of the first element of 5TRING(J). Decision block 10
4, this process continues as long as the value of J is less than JMAX, which is determined by decision block +6 (7th
(See Figure A) is set in block 23 so that the blank is the first J value detected. Once this is done, the program proceeds to instruction block +08 where array 5TRI
Check whether NG (J) is empty.

At this point in the program, the first PCW of 5TRIG(J) is analyzed and displayed, and the 5TRIG(J)
The letter NG(J) has been moved to the left to place the initial letter of the second PCW of 5TRING(J) in the first element position of 5TRING(J). If STRI
If there is extra PCW in NG (JX block 108),
The program returns to decision block 32 (Figure 7B) and analyzes the first pcw currently in 5TRING(J) according to the procedure described above. When this PCW is analyzed and displayed, the character 5TRING (J) will be 5T
The first letter of pcw after ILENG (J) is 5TRING
It is moved to the left again to ensure that it is placed in the first element position of (J). This process is 5TR
All PCWs in ING(J) continue to be evaluated and displayed (until STRING(J) is empty).

Once 5TRIG(J) is empty, the program proceeds to decision block 110 and checks to see if the inverted vowel flag R■ is set to one. If so, the inverted ideogram is shown on the display (block ll2) and the program returns to instruction block IO to wait for the first element of the next PPCW string. If the reversed vowel flag RV is not set to 1, the program immediately proceeds to block 10.

The important thing about the above program (shown only as an example) is that it automatically splits the PCA string into individual PCWs (although it does not necessarily have to display the ppcw, it is still preferable to do so). and then can be unambiguously converted to the appropriate ideogram, making use of the pcw ideograph mono-initial dictionary. This eliminates the need for a poly-initial dictionary;
PCL will be able to comply with the ideographic character of written Chinese language.

C. Alphagrammic Lists Another important feature of PCL is that it can be used to easily and directly create alphagrammic lists of monosyllabic and polysyllabic words. An alphagrammic list is a list of ideograms that begin with the same initial letter, although most of them are in alphabetical order, even though the exact alphabetical order would separate these common ideograms. A list of polysyllabic words and idioms that are always grouped together. This is a lexicographical list of alphagramics created using the PCL of the present invention, and can be better understood by referring to FIG. In FIG. 8, the leftmost side consists of PPCW, and the next side consists of the corresponding ideogram.

In any alphabetic representation of Chinese, the number of characters used to represent a given tone/syllable is:
Tone/Syllable (CSV, CV, SV.

or V) has various functions.

The use of semantic classification symbols also changes the number of characters in the PCW. Alphabetization standards dictate that longer words be listed after shorter words. Because of this change, an accurate alphabetical list would result in compound words with the same initial letter being separated if a purely alphabetical list were used. For example, in Figure 8, the words ``hebi'', ``nail groove'', and ``hetsuki'' are
The letter γ is assigned the number 83, and the letter Wataru is assigned the number 35, so they should be lowered to the point indicated by the dash. thus,
Words in the second column that start with the same ideogram are thrown apart from each other.

The present invention uses a modification of the above-described separation logic to leave a substantial space between PCWs and PPCWs before sorting them to be listed in alphagrammic order. This avoids such separation. Since the actual space is designated with the "θ" number, it is treated by the classification routine as a character that comes next to the character ■.

Substantial space is inserted by the modified form of the separation logic of FIGS. 7B-7D, particularly blocks 32-84 and 92-108. The use of separation logic for the purpose of inserting substantial space into ppcw to create alphagrammic lists means that the separation logic can be modified as follows. Blocks 54-64 and blocks 72-74 are unnecessary and may be omitted.

In place of blocks 82-90 of the flow chart of FIG. 7C, the PCW stored in the string PCW(X) is
Substantial space can be placed in a reservation array that holds all the strings to be added (which can be multiple PCWs). After the PCW is placed in the reserved array, substantial space is placed in the next element of the reserved array. The program then returns to block 92 and continues to loop through the isolation logic until all of the PCWs of the string have been placed in the pending array. At that point, all strings are removed from the pending array and placed in mass storage for next classification. Once all the strings to be sorted have passed through the sorter, they are sorted in alphabetical order, and the substantial space is taken up as the letter that comes before the letter l. As a result, the type of alphagramic list illustrated in FIG. 8 is automatically generated.

Another exception to pure alphabetical ordering is that alphagrammic lists should govern PCWs that share the same tone. For example, LMNV and LMN
Since V- is a tonal word and is pronounced with the same first voice, when ■ is a voiceless vowel 27, the word LMNV' when V' is a voiceless vowel 79 should come after the word LMNV. The next two words to be listed are, for example, the LM
NV-' and L M NV '-''r.

The latter two words are pronounced in the second voice, having the same sounds as LMNV and LMNV'. This is solved as follows.

Figures 12A and 128 first illustrate a "comparison" routine used to compare lines of PCL text word-for-word or syllable-for-syllable bare to determine which lines should be placed in alphagrammatic order. Example flow
It is diadarum.

``Comparison'' has six additional features: English text lines are arranged in normal alphabetical order.

"Compare" is used in a general classification procedure, herein called "Classification", to rearrange lines of text after the "Compare" routine has identified the appropriate ranking. Load all text files into working memory before using Compare.

Each field containing words and phrases to be ranked is placed on a separate line. The Sort program places an array of pointers at the beginning of each line of text, ie, an array containing the address of the first letter of each line. Also mark the end of each line with a detection symbol.

Compare receives the addresses of a pair of lines to be compared. That is, ``compare'' has two arguments: array line I, array line 1, and array line 2, and each of these arguments is an address from the array produced by ``sort.'' Compare processes the indicated lines of these addresses and returns a number indicating whether the lines are in the correct order to form an alphagramic list. If the line is irregular,
"Classification" preferably switches pointers between two lines, but not the lines themselves.

In the following, the two lines compared in "Compare" are:
They are called line 1 and line 2. At block 210, a "compare" is performed between the two counters 11=12=0. Set to . II and I2 are the indices of the current letter in the word or syllable being examined on line ■ and line 2, respectively. In this algorithm, 11 is equal to ordinary I2, as discussed in more detail below.

Blocks 220-230 determine whether data is still being compared on both line I and line 2. If this is not the case, either Moe's processing has reached the end of both lines without detecting any differences, or there is no data in both lines for some reason. Decision block 220 determines whether the last character of the line was detected on both lines I and 2. If so, instruction block 22
At 2, the "compare" algorithm returns to the θ value. The 0 value is 2 because it is necessary to switch the pointer address.
Indicates that no difference was detected between the two lines.

line! If the ends of both lines 1 and 2 have not been reached, decision block 224 determines whether the end of line l has been reached. If so,
Line l is shorter than line 2, but since they are the same in that pond, no switch occurs, so the routine returns to -l at 226. If line 1 has not yet ended, it is checked at 228 whether line 2 has ended. If so, the +1 value is returned at 230. The +1 value restored indicates that line 1 and line 2 must be switched since line 2 is shorter than line 1.

If it cannot be ascertained which line is shorter than the other, Compare examines the next word or syllable in line 1 and line 2 to determine the alphagrammatic order.

If the words are not both PCL words, e.g. one of them is an English word, then these words are passed to step 24.
They are entered in order from 0 to 250. At instruction block 240,
The end l and english 2 pointers are set to the address of the space that follows the current word in line l and line 2, respectively. By convention, each word in PCL is separated by a space. Thus, the spaces serve as fodder delimiters in the word-for-word comparisons of the contents of lines 1 and 2. Ignore large amounts of white space, control codes, zero consonants, and other extraneous characters. [1 and I2 are incremented to bypass these letters and symbols. In this case, the values of these two counters are not always equal.

Decision block 242 tests to see if the current words are both PCL. If not, at block 244, a "comparison text" function is applied to the current two words. “Comparison text” is! Inspect each character that has entered the portion of line l from the current position indicated by ■ to the end position indicated by end I. Similarly, the "comparison text" is from I2 to end 2.
Check the contents of line 2 up to. These two words are compared strictly alphabetically, eg, according to standard ASCII classification order. The "comparison text" is 01-1, or +1, depending on whether it is equal to, less than, or more than the word on line 1, according to general dictionary rules. Returns to a CMP value equal to .

At 246, it is checked whether CMP=0. If so, the words are now the same and there is no need to switch. 2
At 48, the routine advances to the next word by setting It-Endl and I2-End2. Next, in block 205, ■! to start checking the next word!
and I2 are each increased by l.

If CMP is not equal to 0, block 250
"Compare" returns to CMP. That is, the CMP value is -1 or +■ depending on whether the current word on line 1 is smaller or larger than the current word on line 2. In the latter case, the line will be switched.

If, at decision block 242, both current words are PCL
Once a word has been identified, ie, pcw or PPCW, these must be compared syllable-to-syllable (ideograph-to-ideograph). This occurs in steps 260-284.

Referring to FIG. 128, it can be seen that in instruction block 260, the ending of the first word, or the current syllable of ppcw, uses Moe's separation logic.

The "separate" subroutine returns the values of Endosil I and Endosil 2. Endosil l indicates the index of the end of the first syllable of line l that occurs between 11 and end l. Endosil 2 is the index of the end of the next syllable in line 2.

Once both syllable ends are found, the tones of the current syllable are compared at block 222. This is done in a subroutine called "Tone Comparison." Similar to "tonal text", but tonal words must appear with an alphagrammatic list, and also for each word,
It has been modified according to Rule I, explained above, that it must be alphabetic. It also ignores the characters at the end of words that separate PPCWs starting with the same initial letter.

Another advantageous feature of "tone comparison" is that
The idea is to change all tonal words with syllables into one predetermined form with the same pronunciation and then apply the "comparison text".

"Tone Comparison" returns the CMPT value, which is O if both current syllables are the same tone word, and -1 depending on whether the current syllable in line l is smaller or larger than the current syllable in line 2. Or +1.

At block 264, if CMPT is not equal to O, the "compare" returns at instruction block 266 to the CMPT value. However, if CMPT is equal to 0, both current syllables are tonic, but we must also check that they are in alphabetical order. To accomplish this, Compare then applies the subroutine Compare Text described above to the current syllable. For PCL character exclusion comparisons, the "comparison text" follows rules similar to standard ASCII taxonomy. This system assigns digital values to PCL characters that are higher than the values assigned to the AS(, II character set) so that the "classification" allows the PCL characters to be ordered alphabetically, to mimic English characters.

At instruction block 268, the "comparison text" is returned to the CMP value in a manner similar to section 2.

At 270, check whether CMP is equal to O. If not, in 272 "comparison" is -1 or +1 CM
Returns to P value.

However, if CMP is equal to O, the two current syllables are tonal as well as alphabetically identical. At 274, the routine selects lI-endocyl I and I
2 - Advance to the next current syllable by setting endocill 2.

At 276, the routine tests to see if any words have come to an end. That is, it is checked whether II is smaller than end I and similarly I2 is smaller than end 2. If both words are not yet finished, the system checks the last letters of the next two syllables in lines 1 and 2 and returns to block 260 to apply the "tone comparison."

However, if instruction block 276 indicates that only one word has reached the end, block 278 determines whether both words have reached the end. If so, the routine advances to instruction block 205 where both [1 and I2 are incremented by 1 and the next two current words are compared.

Once decision block 278 confirms that only one word has reached the end, block 280 determines that the line! Check if the current word of has reached the end.

If not already, ie, if Rashi 11 is less than End 1 and the current word in line 1 is longer than the current word in line 2, then the two lines must be switched. Therefore, at block 282, the routine returns to the +1 value. On the other hand, if 11 = end 1
If so, it is the end of the current word of line 1 that has arrived, and no switching is necessary. Therefore, a value of -1 is returned at block 284.

D Keyboard A keyboard that is particularly efficient for entering PCA into computer systems, word processors, etc. is illustrated in FIG. The physical layout of the keyboard is
Identical to the standard QWERTY keyboard, the standard Q
A WERTY symbol is shown below each key position. PCA corresponding to each key position
The characters are shown above the QWERTY keyboard characters.

Two PCA letters indicate the position of each key. The upper left letter corresponds to the uppercase letter position on the keyboard (the position where the shift key is pressed), and the lower right letter of each key position corresponds to the lowercase letter position for that key position. This keyboard is designed for maximum efficiency so that a typist or keyboard operator can enter PCL information into a data processing or word processing font system.

There are numerous publications on efficient keyboard layouts. The most famous idea is A-Dvorak et al., American Book Company, New York, 1936.
The book is titled ``Typing Behavior'', published in 2010. In this book, typists are responsible for arranging the characters on the keyboard using the home key ("" on a QWERTY keyboard).
a, s, d, r, j.

K, L" keys) to avoid moving your fingers as much as possible. Therefore, the most frequently used group of keys is the home row (row 10). The next most frequently used group of keys is the third most frequently used key group, which is arranged directly above the home row (second column in Fig. 10). The groups of keys are arranged immediately below the home row (fourth row in Figure 10), and the groups of keys that are only occasionally used are arranged two rows above the home row (the top row in Figure 10). ).In each row, the most frequently used keys are the keys that the index finger hits;
The second most frequently used key is the middle finger key.
The third most frequently used key is the ring finger key, 4
The most frequently used key is the little finger key.

Although the D vorak system is generally considered to be the most efficient, no consideration is given to using the left and right fingers alternately as much as possible. The keyboard of the present invention has all consonants and preferably all semi-consonants on the right side of the keyboard so that the operator can type them with his right hand. The most frequently used vowels are on the left side of the keyboard. Since there are more vowel tones than keys on the left side of the keyboard, certain vowel tones must be placed on the right side of the keyboard. As used herein, the left side of the keyboard refers to the keys to the left of the bold line in Figure 10. These keys are played with the left hand. The right side of the keyboard is the first
This is the key to the right of the thick line in Figure 0. These keys are typed with the right hand.

The present invention also determines the characters on the keyboard as a function of uppercase and lowercase letters based on where they are placed. There are 85 characters in PCA, so you can't line them all up in the lowercase letters on your keyboard. Only 43 characters can fit in the lower case. By selecting the special characters shown in Figure 1θ, 74 percent of the characters are placed in lowercase positions based on the frequency of use of that character.

The keyboard of the present invention also determines which character is placed on which key as a function of the tone of the vowel tone. Since the most frequently occurring tone is the fourth tone, the vowel tone having this tone is placed in the home row (third column in Figure 1θ). Since the second most frequently occurring tone is the first tone, all vowel tones with this tone are placed in the second column. Since the third most frequently occurring tone is the second tone, all vowel tones with this tone should be placed on the bottom row of the keyboard.

The least frequently used tone is the third tone, so all tones with this tone/syllable are placed on the top row of the keyboard.

To make it easier to remember the positions of letters on the keyboard,
In the keyboard shown in FIG. 10, vowel tones of a certain vowel tone family can be input with the same finger, so that the vowel tones of a certain vowel tone family can be input together.

In Figure 10, vowel tones 47-50 are all struck with the left little finger, vowel tones 51-54 are all struck with the left ring finger, and vowel tones 71-74 are all struck with the left middle finger. , etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the West Bank intonation of Chinese, Figure 2 is a diagram showing how the phonetic Chinese alphabet (PCA) corresponds to the sounds of the phonetic alphabet, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing how the phonetic Chinese alphabet (PCA) corresponds to the sounds of the phonetic alphabet. Figures 4A-4J are tone charts showing the phonetic Chinese language expressions of all tones and syllables in Chinese, Figures 5A and 5B are , 5C is an explanatory diagram explaining how each of the syllables "i", "U", and "l" are written out in 12 ways using the phonetic Chinese alphabet, and Figure 6 is the phonetic Chinese alphabet of the present invention. illustrative diagrams of the possible forms that phonetic Chinese words can take, according to the language;
Figures 7A-7D are flow diagrams explaining the separation theory of the present invention, Figure 8 is a sample list of alphagramics that can be created from the present invention, and Figures 9 A-9B are the significance of the present invention. Figure 10 is a schema diagram of the keyboard layout according to the present invention. Figure 11 is an example diagram showing how homotonal words are classified using the same tone classification symbols. 12A, 12[3 is a flow diagram illustrating the "compare" routine used to arrange lines of PCL text in alphagrammatic order, 13. The figure is a PC
FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a 7-bit code for representing A in digital form;

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for digitally encoding and storing Chinese ideographic characters consisting of a) - e): a) selecting a set of Chinese ideograms to be encoded and stored; b) a) select a unique digital representation for each selected ideograph, and c) a phonetic phonetic representation capable of forming a phonetic Chinese word (PCW) that can fully identify the pronunciation of the selected ideograph. select a set of characters for the Chinese Alphabet (PCA), d) select a unique digital representation for each PCA character, and e) each selected ideogram and its corresponding P
A monosyllabic dictionary is stored that identifies the one-to-one relationship between each digital representation of the CW. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said PCA characters display the following linguistic elements: a) a plurality of vowels, b) a plurality of tones associated with the pronunciation of said vowels, and c) a plurality of consonants. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the vowel comprises: a) a plurality of vowel tones each representing a predetermined vowel sound pronounced in a predetermined tone; and b) a predetermined vowel sound unrelated to tone. Multiple semiconsonants each displayed. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the plurality of tones includes four tones. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein each vowel tone comprises a base word and an index combined to indicate the tone. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the consonants include: a) a plurality of short consonants, each representing a respective consonant sound, and b) each representing a consonant sound pronounced with each vowel sound. multiple long consonants, and c) an unvoiced zero consonant. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein each PCW takes the form TS+Q, wherein: a) TS is a tone/syllable in the form of any one of CV, CSV, SV, and V; Here, C is a consonant, S is a semiconsonant, and V is a vowel tone.
Moreover, b) Q is a generalized tone/syllable correction symbol that expresses the meaning for distinguishing homotonous words. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein Q takes the form of one of φ and G, wherein a) φ is an invalid set, and b) G distinguishes a tonal word. It is a generalized semantic classification symbol consisting of PCA characters added to the tone/syllable TS to the extent necessary to make it. 9. No. 8 where G takes the form of either V or Z
The claimed method, wherein a) V is a repetition of the final vowel tone of the tone/syllable, and b) Z is a zero consonant. 10. The method of claim 4, wherein the vowel sound "i" is represented by three different PCA letters. 11. The vowel sounds “u” and “■” are two different PCs.
11. The method of claim 10, each represented by a letter A. 12. The PCA has only one vowel sound “i”, “u”
255 homotonal words can be distinguished for PCWs containing ” or “■”; 170 homotonal words can be distinguished for PCWs ending in vowel sounds “i”, “u” or “■”; 12. The method of claim 11, wherein 85 tonal tones are distinguishable for all other PCWs. 13. Four of said vowel tones each represent a vowel sound "e" pronounced in said four tones; Furthermore, “b”, “
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising displaying the vowel sound "i" when followed by "p", "m", "f", and semiconsonants. 14. Four of said vowel tones are pronounced in said four tones. The vowel sound “e” is displayed respectively, but “b”, “p”,
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the vowel sound of "m", "f", and "o" when followed by a semiconsonant is displayed. 15. Four of the vowel tones represent four tones, and when written by themselves or accompanied by a zero consonant, they represent the vowel sound "er", and when followed by a short consonant, the vowel sound 15. The method of claim 14 for displaying an "i". 16. At least about 8, most frequently used in Chinese.
10. The method of claim 9, comprising selecting 000 major combinations of ideograms. 17. Claim 16, wherein at least about 3,900 ideograms of the principal combinations, representing at least 97 percent of the frequency of use, are uniquely identified by PCWs having one of the following forms: TS+φ, TS+V, and TS+Z. the method of. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein all remaining ideograms of Chinese are uniquely identified by PCW in the form TS+G (where G is a PCA character other than V or Z). 19. By using the semantic classifier G, which is a PCA character similar to an ideographic root with a meaning similar to that of the ideogram to be identified, at least about 19. The method of claim 18, wherein 80% are uniquely identified. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein each PCW comprises up to four PCA characters. 21. The second PCW consists of an average of 2.4 characters used frequently.
0 claim method. 22. A keyboard layout method for processing the phonetic Chinese alphabet (PCA), said PCA consisting of a plurality of vowel tones representing each vowel sound pronounced in one of the four tones occurring in Chinese. , said method comprises: a) arranging at least four rows of keys determined in sequence: a top row, a second row, a home row (third row), and a bottom row; b) said four rows; c) the vowel tone and home tone with the most frequently used tone;
Associate row keys. 23.Furthermore, a second method that relates vowel tones as follows:
The method of claim 2: a) associate the second most frequently used tone with the key in the second row, b) associate the third most frequently used tone with the key in the bottom row, and c) associate the fourth most frequently used tone with the key in the bottom row. Associate the tone used for the top row of keys. 24. The method of claim 22, comprising: a) determining the classification of keys in said keyboard operated by the same finger; and b) determining a plurality of vowel tones having the same vowel sound but different tones; Associate the key of each category. 25. The PCA is a second PCA consisting of a plurality of consonants and semiconsonants.
4. The method of claim 4, further comprising: a) determining the relative frequency of use of the consonant, semiconsonant, and vowel tones, and b) frequently used vowel tones and one-handed manipulation. and c) associate frequently used consonants and semiconsonants with keys operated with the other hand. 26. Keys operated with the index finger and frequently used PCs
26. The method of claim 25, comprising associating with the letter A. 27. Keys operated with the middle finger, ring finger, and little finger, and PCA, which is used less frequently than the letter groups described in the previous section.
27. The method of claim 26, comprising associating with characters. 28. Each of the above keys has upper case and lower case conditions,
27. The method of claim 26, wherein said method associates frequently used vowels, consonants, and semiconsonants with lower case conditions of said key. 29. A method of keyboard layout for processing the characters of the Phonetic Chinese Alphabet (PCA), said PCA being a plurality of keyboards representing each vowel sound pronounced in any one of the four tones occurring in Chinese. and further comprising a plurality of consonants and semiconsonants, said method comprising: a) determining a segment of said keyboard having keys operated with the same hand; b) said consonants, semiconsonants; c) associating frequently used vowel tones with keys operated with one hand, and d) frequently used consonants and semiconsonants; Associate the key operated with the other hand. 30. A keyboard for inputting the phonetic Chinese alphabet (PCA) into a computer or similar system, said PCA being 1 when pronounced with any one of the four tones that occur in Chinese. the keyboard further comprises: a) a plurality of keyboards each divided into left and right sections, each to be operated with the left hand; b) keys of one section employed for inputting frequently used vowel tones, and c) keys of the other section employed for inputting frequently used consonants and semiconsonants. 31. The keyboard according to claim 30, wherein a) the keys are divided into four columns: a top row, a second row, a home row (third row), and a bottom row, and b) the keys are arranged in the home row. The key is employed to input the vowel tone with the most frequently used tone. 32. The keyboard of claim 31, wherein: a) the keys are divided into groups of keys designated to be operated with the same finger, and b) at least one group of keys of this kind have the same vowel sound It is adopted to input vowel tones with different tones. 33. The keyboard of claim 32, wherein the keys relatively close to the center of the keyboard are employed for inputting frequently used characters. 34. In the keyboard of claim 33, a) each key has a lower case condition and an upper case condition, and b) the keys in the lower case condition are employed for inputting frequently used characters. 35. A method of text processing comprising the following steps: each character identifies a Chinese sound and/or tone, the string includes at least two sets of characters, each set of characters
A phonetic Chinese language that identifies phonetic Chinese words of different lengths, each phonetic Chinese word identifies a unique ideogram, and provides the phonetic and tonal information necessary to pronounce that ideogram. , and further process the consecutive strings in order to clearly identify the beginning and end of each phonetic Chinese word in the string. 36. The method of claim 35, further comprising referencing a stored monosyllabic dictionary to positively identify the ideogram corresponding to each phonetic Chinese word. 37. A method of creating an alphagrammatic list from a set of word strings, each word string containing multiple characters that combine to form one or more phonetic Chinese words, and each phonetic Chinese word displaying a unique Chinese ideograph and providing the phonetic and tonal information necessary to pronounce the ideograph, said characters being pre-alphabetically ordered, said method comprising the following steps: A set of word strings in which the letters in the word strings are listed in alphabetical order are classified in alphagrammatic order, such that (a) all word strings having the same initial letter as the corresponding Chinese ideogram are To the extent that all words listed together and (b) pronounced with the same sound and tone are considered as one unit for alphabetization purposes, said alphabetical order is disregarded and said (a) and (b) )
All word strings belonging to a group are listed alphabetically with respect to each other. 38. A method for processing a string consisting of: a) input a string of syllabic Chinese alphabets (PCA), where: 1) said PCA has multiple vowel tones (V), semiconsonants (S);
), a consonant (C) and a zero consonant (Z); 2) said string contains at least two separate phonetic Chinese words (
PCW), each PCW takes the form TS+Q, where TS is a tone/syllable taking any one of the forms CV, CSV, SV, or V,
Q is a general meaning modifier that takes one of two forms: the PCA letter and the abbreviation of the PCA letter, but when it occurs at the end of a string, Q represents an inverted ideogram. 3) each of said PCs.
W displays the unique Chinese ideogram and provides the phonetic and tonal information necessary to pronounce the ideogram; 4) the PCW displays one of the forms CVC and CSVC; Whenever you follow a PCW you take, the SV
Each PC that takes either one of the forms +Q and V+Q
The W is preceded by a string with a zero consonant, and b) clearly separates said string into each phonetic Chinese word contained therein. 39. The method of claim 38, further comprising referencing a stored monosyllabic dictionary to positively identify the ideogram corresponding to each phonetic Chinese word. 40. The method of claim 38, further comprising: a) a predetermined alphabetical order for said PCA characters, b) inputting at least two of said PCA strings, and c) characters of said string. are listed in alphabetical order, in which (a) all strings having the same initial letter as the corresponding Chinese ideogram are listed together; (b) said alphabetical order is ignored to the extent that all PCWs pronounced with the same sound and tone are considered as one unit for alphabetization purposes, and all columns belonging to said groups (a) and (b) are Listed alphabetically with respect to each other. 41. A method for encoding and storing Chinese ideograms consisting of: a) selecting a set of characters from the phonetic Chinese alphabet that uniquely identifies all tones and syllables of Chinese; b) assigning each PCA character c) select a set of Chinese ideograms to be encoded and stored; and d) select a unique 7-bit digital representation of the Chinese ideograms that uniquely identify each selected ideogram. Select a unique phonetic Chinese word, and e) store a monosyllabic dictionary that identifies a one-to-one relationship between each selected ideogram and each digital representation of the corresponding PCW. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein said 7-bit digital representation for each PCA character is within the range 80H-FFH. 43. The 7-bit digital display is 80H-DF
43. The method of claim 42 within H. 44. The 7-bit digital display is 81H-DE
42. The method of claim 41 within H.