JPS627457B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS627457B2 JPS627457B2 JP57062751A JP6275182A JPS627457B2 JP S627457 B2 JPS627457 B2 JP S627457B2 JP 57062751 A JP57062751 A JP 57062751A JP 6275182 A JP6275182 A JP 6275182A JP S627457 B2 JPS627457 B2 JP S627457B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- temperature
- combustion
- neutralizer
- condensed water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
- F24H8/006—Means for removing condensate from the heater
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はガス、石油等の燃料を燃焼させて、媒
体に熱を与え、この媒体を搬送することにより、
暖房等の加熱を行なう燃焼装置、すなわち、温水
暖房機や温水式の給湯暖房機に関するものであ
る。Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention burns fuel such as gas or oil to give heat to a medium, and by transporting this medium,
The present invention relates to combustion devices that perform heating such as space heating, that is, hot water heaters and hot water type hot water heaters.
従来の温水式の暖房機の温水入口温度は、平均
で70℃であり、第２図に示すように、機器効率η
Wは80％以下であり、搬送効率80％を考慮すれば
システム効率は64％以下となり、ストーブやFF
温風機等の暖房機に比較すると効率が非常に低く
なつている。この原因は温水入口温度が70℃と高
いことにあるが、現在、入口温度を下げた機器は
存在しない。 The hot water inlet temperature of conventional hot water heaters is 70℃ on average, and as shown in Figure 2, the equipment efficiency η
W is less than 80%, and if we take into account the transport efficiency of 80%, the system efficiency is less than 64%, which means that the stove and FF
The efficiency is very low compared to heating machines such as hot air fans. The reason for this is that the hot water inlet temperature is as high as 70°C, but there is currently no equipment that lowers the inlet temperature.
しかしながら、湯沸器等の燃焼機では、入口温
度が水温であるため、５℃〜20℃と比較的低いた
め、機器を高効率とする工夫はなされている。そ
のような例を示したのが、第５図があり、湯沸器
における従来例である。ノズル１によりバーナ２
に燃料を供給し燃焼室３で燃焼させる。燃焼ガス
はPb系の表面処理を施した一次熱交換器４にお
いて水と熱交換し、次にSnの表面処理を施した
二次熱交換器６で再度熱交換した後、排気フアン
１０で外部に排気される。給水管７により水が供
給され、熱交換器６，４を通過した後、給湯管８
より給湯される。二次熱交換器６で生じた凝縮水
は凝縮水受け５に集められ、粉末の中和剤９に導
かれて中和された後外部に排出される。 However, in combustion machines such as water heaters, the inlet temperature is the water temperature, which is relatively low at 5°C to 20°C, so efforts have been made to make the equipment highly efficient. Such an example is shown in FIG. 5, which is a conventional example of a water heater. Burner 2 by nozzle 1
The fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 3 and combusted in the combustion chamber 3. The combustion gas exchanges heat with water in the primary heat exchanger 4 which has a Pb-based surface treatment, then undergoes heat exchange again with the secondary heat exchanger 6 which has a Sn surface treatment, and then is discharged to the outside by an exhaust fan 10. is exhausted. Water is supplied by the water supply pipe 7, and after passing through the heat exchangers 6 and 4, the water is supplied to the water supply pipe 8.
hot water is supplied. Condensed water generated in the secondary heat exchanger 6 is collected in a condensed water receiver 5, led to a powder neutralizer 9, neutralized, and then discharged to the outside.
従来例に示す湯沸器においては、当然のことで
あるが、水の入口温度が上昇し40℃程度になると
凝縮水がほとんど出なくなり効率も低下してしま
うこと、一次熱交換器４が多少腐食することによ
りこの熱交換器の母材であるCuや表面処理材で
あるＰbが凝縮水中に溶出すること、二次熱交換
器の表面処理材であるSnにはピンホールが多く
凝縮水により腐食すること、酸生の凝縮水を中和
する粉末の中和剤は目づまりしやすいこと等の欠
点を有していた。 In the water heater shown in the conventional example, it is a matter of course that when the water inlet temperature rises to about 40 degrees Celsius, almost no condensed water comes out and the efficiency decreases, and the primary heat exchanger 4 Due to corrosion, Cu, which is the base material of this heat exchanger, and Pb , which is the surface treatment material, are eluted into the condensed water, and Sn, which is the surface treatment material of the secondary heat exchanger, has many pinholes that cause the condensed water to evaporate. Powdered neutralizing agents that neutralize acidic condensed water have disadvantages such as being prone to clogging.
本発明はこのような従来の欠点を除去し、しか
も従来は存在しなかつた高効率の機器を実現し省
エネルギを達成することを目的としたものであ
る。 It is an object of the present invention to eliminate such conventional drawbacks, and to achieve energy savings by realizing highly efficient equipment that did not previously exist.
この目的を達成するために本発明は温水入口温
度を燃焼ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮温度以下でありか
つ暖房快適性を失なわない範囲である35℃以上と
したこと、40℃程度の温水入口温度であつても充
分高効率が得られるように、一次熱交換器からの
排気温度を100℃以下として、その後に凝縮用の
二次熱交換器をつけたこと、一次熱交換器から重
金属が溶出しないようにし、シリコン系樹脂のコ
ートをしたこと、二次熱交換器が腐食しないよう
にSn―Biの表面処理を施したこと、中和剤とし
て、管状中和剤を用いること、装置外装に断熱材
を装着したこと等の手段を講じたものである。 To achieve this objective, the present invention sets the hot water inlet temperature to 35°C or higher, which is below the condensation temperature of water vapor in the combustion gas and does not impair heating comfort. In order to obtain sufficiently high efficiency even when the temperature is low, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the primary heat exchanger is set to 100℃ or less, followed by a secondary heat exchanger for condensation, and heavy metals are leached from the primary heat exchanger. The secondary heat exchanger was coated with silicone resin to prevent corrosion, Sn-Bi surface treatment was applied to the secondary heat exchanger to prevent corrosion, a tubular neutralizer was used as a neutralizer, and the equipment exterior was coated with a silicone resin. Measures such as installing insulation materials were taken.
このような手段により、全体システムとして完
壁な温水暖房機が実現できるのである。すなわ
ち、一次熱交換器にPb、二次熱交換器にSn＋Bi
のデツプをすることにより機器の耐久性能を確保
したこと、一次熱交換器にシリコン系樹脂のコー
トをしたことと、管状の中和剤を配設したことに
より凝縮水による環境汚染を防止したこと、そし
て最後に従来より温水温度下げ、かつ一次と二次
の熱交換器の配分を最適にすることにより、暖房
快適性を損なわず、高効率を達成したこと等が実
現できたのである。 By using such means, a complete hot water heater can be realized as a whole system. In other words, Pb is used in the primary heat exchanger, and Sn+Bi is used in the secondary heat exchanger.
The durability of the equipment was ensured by adding a layer of water, and environmental pollution caused by condensed water was prevented by coating the primary heat exchanger with silicone resin and installing a tubular neutralizer. Finally, by lowering the hot water temperature and optimizing the distribution of the primary and secondary heat exchangers, we were able to achieve high efficiency without sacrificing heating comfort.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図を用いて説明
する。第１図は温水暖房機における実施例である
が、給湯暖房機の暖房側に適用しても同様であ
る。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Although FIG. 1 shows an embodiment for a hot water heater, the same applies to the heating side of a hot water heater.
図において、バーナ１に保持された火炎は燃焼
室２で燃焼し、燃焼ガスは一次熱交換器３に至
る。一次熱交換器３および燃焼室２は母材がCu
でありPb＋Snの表面処理を施してある。そして
さらにシリコン系樹脂のコートが施してある。一
次熱交換器から出る燃焼ガス温度は100℃以下に
なるように一次熱交換器が設計されており、次に
燃焼ガスは横向きの流れになつて、凝縮用の熱交
換器である二次熱交換器４に至り、その後、排気
フアン１１により外部へ排気される。一方、暖房
空間から戻つてきた温水は温水戻り管６より二次
熱交換器４に入り燃焼ガスと熱交換した後、給水
タンク１０と連結したエアセパレータ８を通りポ
ンプ９に入る。ポンプ９により駆動された温水は
燃焼室２に巻着されたパイプを通り一次熱交換器
３に入り再び燃焼ガスと熱交換し、温水往き管７
により暖房空間に送られる。この際、温水往き管
の元部に設置されたサーミスタ１４により温水戻
り管６の温水温度が45℃〜35℃になるように、制
御ブロツク１５により燃焼量が制御されている。
この場合は温水往き管７にサーミスタ１４が設置
されているが、サーミスタ１４を温水戻り管６に
設置して直接戻り温水を測定してもよい。次に、
二次熱交換器４で発生した凝縮水は二次熱交換器
の下部に配設された凝縮水収集部５に集められ、
中和槽１２に導びかれ中和された後、排出管１３
により外部に排出される。また、装置外装にはグ
ラスウール等の断熱材１６を装着してある。中和
槽１２は第４図により詳しく説明する。凝縮水入
口１より凝縮水が流入し、格納槽２に停留する。
格納槽２にはMgやガラス質等の管状中和剤３が
格納されている。凝縮水は一つの格納槽から次の
格納槽へと溢出し中和を完了した後凝縮水出口４
より外部へ排出される。中和反応により発生した
H2ガスは排気孔５より外部に排気される。 In the figure, a flame held in a burner 1 burns in a combustion chamber 2, and the combustion gas reaches a primary heat exchanger 3. The base material of the primary heat exchanger 3 and combustion chamber 2 is Cu.
It has a Pb+Sn surface treatment. Furthermore, it is coated with silicone resin. The primary heat exchanger is designed so that the temperature of the combustion gas coming out of the primary heat exchanger is below 100℃, and then the combustion gas flows sideways to the secondary heat exchanger for condensation. It reaches the exchanger 4 and is then exhausted to the outside by the exhaust fan 11. On the other hand, the hot water returned from the heating space enters the secondary heat exchanger 4 through the hot water return pipe 6 and exchanges heat with the combustion gas, and then passes through the air separator 8 connected to the water supply tank 10 and enters the pump 9. The hot water driven by the pump 9 passes through a pipe wrapped around the combustion chamber 2, enters the primary heat exchanger 3, exchanges heat with the combustion gas again, and then passes through the hot water inlet pipe 7.
is sent to the heated space. At this time, the combustion amount is controlled by the control block 15 so that the temperature of the hot water in the hot water return pipe 6 is 45°C to 35°C by the thermistor 14 installed at the base of the hot water outgoing pipe.
In this case, the thermistor 14 is installed in the hot water outgoing pipe 7, but the thermistor 14 may be installed in the hot water return pipe 6 to directly measure the returning hot water. next,
Condensed water generated in the secondary heat exchanger 4 is collected in a condensed water collection section 5 disposed at the bottom of the secondary heat exchanger,
After being led to the neutralization tank 12 and neutralized, the discharge pipe 13
is discharged to the outside. Further, a heat insulating material 16 such as glass wool is attached to the exterior of the device. The neutralization tank 12 will be explained in more detail in FIG. Condensed water flows in from the condensed water inlet 1 and stays in the storage tank 2.
The storage tank 2 stores a tubular neutralizer 3 such as Mg or glass. After the condensed water overflows from one containment tank to the next and completes neutralization, the condensed water exits the condensed water outlet 4.
is discharged to the outside. generated by neutralization reaction
H 2 gas is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust hole 5 .
このような構成により、非常に高効率の機器と
なる。このことを第２図により説明する。 Such a configuration results in a very highly efficient device. This will be explained with reference to FIG.
媒体入口温度ｔCを下げると機器効率ηWは増加
し、55℃以下になると凝縮を始め、増々100％に
近づく。一方、暖房快適性の指標である暖房吹出
温度ｔRも、入口温度ｔCの低下とともに減少す
る。吹出温度は38℃が限界であることが我々の実
験により確認されているから、最適な媒体入口温
度ｔCは35℃〜45℃となる。一般にこの範囲の入
口温度では機器効率90％を達成することは難し
い。そこで、第１図に示すように、一次熱交換器
３から出る燃焼ガス温度を100℃以下として一次
熱交換器で充分熱を取つたのち、横向きとして水
切り性をよくした二次熱交換器４で凝縮熱を取る
こと、機器外装に装着された断熱材１６とにより
機器効率90％を達成した。また、従来のように一
次熱交換器３の表面処理材をPb＋Snとしたこと
と、二次熱交換器４の表面処理材をSn＋Biとし
たこととにより暖房で長寿命が要求される機器の
耐久性を確保した。第３図には凝縮水による浸せ
き時間と各種金属の腐食率が示してある。凝縮中
には従来の表面処理材であるPbはすぐに腐食さ
れ、一般的によいとされているSnもある時間で
急激に腐食される。Sn＋Biはピンホールがなく
なるため、徐々に腐食されるが急激に腐食される
ことはないという利点がある。また、一次熱交換
３の表面処理材の上にシリコン系樹脂のコートを
したことにより、凝縮水中に重金属が溶出するこ
とがないこと、第４図に示すように、管状中和剤
３を複数の格納槽２に格納し凝縮水を次々に溢出
させるようにしたことにより、目づまりしても中
和性能が損なわれなくしたことにより、凝縮水に
よる環境汚染をなくすことができるという利点が
ある。 As the medium inlet temperature t C is lowered, the device efficiency η W increases, and when the temperature drops below 55° C., condensation begins and approaches 100%. On the other hand, the heating outlet temperature t R , which is an index of heating comfort, also decreases as the inlet temperature t C decreases. Since our experiments have confirmed that the limit of the blowout temperature is 38°C, the optimum medium inlet temperature t C is 35°C to 45°C. Generally, it is difficult to achieve equipment efficiency of 90% at inlet temperatures in this range. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 1, the temperature of the combustion gas coming out of the primary heat exchanger 3 is set to 100°C or less, and after sufficient heat is collected in the primary heat exchanger, the secondary heat exchanger 4 is placed horizontally to improve drainage. By removing the heat of condensation and using heat insulating material 16 attached to the exterior of the equipment, equipment efficiency of 90% was achieved. In addition, by using Pb+Sn as the surface treatment material for the primary heat exchanger 3 and using Sn+Bi as the surface treatment material for the secondary heat exchanger 4, as in the past, the durability of equipment that requires a long service life for heating has been improved. I secured my sexuality. Figure 3 shows the immersion time in condensed water and the corrosion rate of various metals. During condensation, Pb, a conventional surface treatment material, corrodes immediately, and Sn, which is generally considered to be good, corrodes rapidly over a certain period of time. Since Sn+Bi has no pinholes, it has the advantage of being corroded gradually but not rapidly. In addition, by coating the surface treatment material of the primary heat exchanger 3 with silicone resin, heavy metals will not be eluted into the condensed water. By storing the condensed water in the containment tank 2 and allowing the condensed water to overflow one after another, the neutralization performance is not impaired even if it becomes clogged, which has the advantage of eliminating environmental pollution caused by condensed water. .
以上説明したように、機器が高効率となり、耐
久性も環境保全も考慮した最適な温水式の暖房機
が実現できたものである。 As explained above, we have achieved an optimal hot water type heater with high efficiency equipment, durability, and environmental protection.
第１図は本発明を温水暖房機に適用した場合の
一実施例を示す構成図、第２図は媒体入口温度と
機器効率および暖房吹出温度との関係を示すグラ
フ、第３図は浸せき時間と腐食率との関係を示す
グラフ、第４図は中和槽の構成図、第５図は湯沸
器における従来例を示す構成図である。
１……バーナ、３……一次熱交換器、４……二
次熱交換器、１１……換気フアン、１２……中和
槽、１４……サーミスタ。
Figure 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of applying the present invention to a hot water heater, Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between medium inlet temperature, equipment efficiency, and heating outlet temperature, and Figure 3 is immersion time. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a neutralization tank, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional example of a water heater. 1... Burner, 3... Primary heat exchanger, 4... Secondary heat exchanger, 11... Ventilation fan, 12... Neutralization tank, 14... Thermistor.
Claims (1)
え、この媒体を搬送することにより、暖房等の加
熱を行なう燃焼装置を構成し、媒体入口温度を燃
焼ガス中の水蒸気の凝縮温度以下であり、かつ35
℃以上にし、かつ燃焼ガス温度100℃以上の領域
において、主として対流と輻射により熱伝達を行
なう一次熱交換器と100℃以下の領域において、
主として凝縮により熱伝達を行なう二次熱交換器
とを設置し、一次熱交換器の表面処理材として
Pb―Snによるデツプを施し、その上部にシリコ
ン系樹脂のコートをし、二次熱交換器の表面処理
材としてSn―Biによるデツプを施し、二次熱交
換器下部に凝縮水収集部を配設し、この収集部よ
りの凝縮水を中和する中和剤として、Mgあるい
はガラス質の管状中和剤を用い装置外装にグラス
ウール等の断熱材を装着した燃焼装置。 ２ 媒体として水を選び、平均入口温度を45℃〜
35℃までの間に設定した特許請求の範囲第１項に
記載の燃焼装置。 ３ 二次熱交換器の表面処理材としてBiの量を１
％〜100％とした特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の
燃焼装置。 ４ 中和剤として、Mgの管状中和剤を用いるこ
と、所定の凝縮水量が停留する格納槽に格納され
ている特許請求の範囲第１項記載の燃焼装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A combustion device that performs heating such as space heating by burning fuel such as gas oil, giving heat to a medium, and conveying this medium, and adjusting the medium inlet temperature to the temperature of the combustion gas. below the condensation temperature of water vapor, and 35
℃ or higher, and in the area where the combustion gas temperature is 100℃ or higher, the primary heat exchanger transfers heat mainly by convection and radiation, and in the area below 100℃,
A secondary heat exchanger that mainly transfers heat through condensation is installed, and it is used as a surface treatment material for the primary heat exchanger.
A Pb-Sn depth is applied, the upper part is coated with silicone resin, a Sn-Bi depth is applied as a surface treatment material for the secondary heat exchanger, and a condensed water collection section is placed at the bottom of the secondary heat exchanger. The combustion equipment is equipped with a tubular neutralizer made of Mg or glass as a neutralizer to neutralize the condensed water from the collection part, and a heat insulating material such as glass wool is attached to the exterior of the equipment. 2 Select water as the medium and set the average inlet temperature to 45℃~
The combustion device according to claim 1, which is set at a temperature up to 35°C. 3 The amount of Bi as a surface treatment material for the secondary heat exchanger is 1
% to 100% of the combustion apparatus according to claim 1. 4. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein a tubular Mg neutralizer is used as the neutralizer, and the combustion apparatus is stored in a storage tank in which a predetermined amount of condensed water is retained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57062751A JPS58179740A (en) | 1982-04-14 | 1982-04-14 | Combustion apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57062751A JPS58179740A (en) | 1982-04-14 | 1982-04-14 | Combustion apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58179740A JPS58179740A (en) | 1983-10-21 |
| JPS627457B2 true JPS627457B2 (en) | 1987-02-17 |
Family
ID=13209414
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57062751A Granted JPS58179740A (en) | 1982-04-14 | 1982-04-14 | Combustion apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58179740A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW480519B (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2002-03-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd | Cathode ray tube and image display apparatus using the samd |
| JP5674243B2 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2015-02-25 | 株式会社ノーリツ | Water heater |
| JP2019074223A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-05-16 | 興亜硝子株式会社 | Latent heat recovery type water heater and hot water supply method |
-
1982
- 1982-04-14 JP JP57062751A patent/JPS58179740A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58179740A (en) | 1983-10-21 |
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