JPS6284849A - Manufacture of ring - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the deformation quantity of a metal, to shorten the working time, and to improve the productivity by providing a forging process for forming a ring part in a rod-shaped base material and a shearing process for cutting the ring part from the rod-shaped base material, on a ring manufacturing device. CONSTITUTION:A holding part 1 is divided into upper and lower dies 1a, 1b in the center of a holding hole 3, feeds a rod-shaped base material 2 into a recessed die part 5, and when it is closed, the rod-shaped base material 2 is held. The recessed die part 5 forms a round hole 5b in a plate-shaped member 5a which slides and contacts to an opening surface 4 of the holding part 1 and moves upward and downward against the opening surface 4. A projecting die part 6 is formed from a columnar part 6a which is fitted into the round hole 4b, and a punch part 6b, and when it is fitted into the recessed die part 5, a ring is formed in the base material 2. Accordingly, in a forging process, the deformation quantity of a metal is reduced and the working time is also shortened. Also, even in a shearing process, the shearing area is small and the shearing time is shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for continuously manufacturing a plurality of ring-shaped members from a rod-shaped material, and in particular, a method that provides a high yield of the material,
The present invention also relates to a ring manufacturing method with simple steps and improved efficiency.

[Prior Art] For example, when a synchronizer ring for an automobile transmission is manufactured from a steel alloy, hot die forging is performed. When obtaining a ring-shaped blank as the material, there are two methods: extruding the material, forming it into a pipe, cutting it into a ring shape, and then cutting it, or hot forging the material into a cup shape. However, methods such as cutting the pipe portion into a ring shape have been adopted.

However, all of these methods have a problem in that the material yield is low. In other words, in extrusion molding, there is an increase in cutting allowance due to uneven thickness, and a decrease in yield due to cut-off allowance.In addition, when hot forging into a cup shape, yield decreases due to punching the bottom of the cup, and due to cut-off allowance. There was a decrease in yield.

In order to compensate for these drawbacks, methods shown in Figures 6 to 11 have been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-7093)
Publication No. 5). This processing is carried out using a device equipped with a grip mold I+ and a mold I2 as shown in the figure. The grip type II above has a structure that opens up and down.
A through hole 14 for gripping the rod-shaped material 13 and an annular recess 15 forming the outer shape of the ring R are formed at the opening of the through hole 14 between the upper and lower surfaces. On the other hand, the mold 12 has an annular portion 16 having a shape to be fitted into the annular recess 15.
and a punch portion I7 that is slidably fitted inside the annular portion 16 and has an outer diameter that fits into the through hole 14.

To manufacture the ring R using this device, a rod-shaped material 13
(see FIGS. 6 and 7), and the protruding portion 13a is inserted into the annular portion I6 and the punch portion 17.
The bar-shaped member 13 is forged using the die 12 with the two sides flush.
A disk portion 13b is formed on the head (forging process, Fig. 8,
(See Figure 9). Next, the punch portion 17 is projected to form a ring hole 13c in the disk portion 13b, and this portion is separated from the rod-shaped member 13 in a shearing step (see FIGS. 1O and 11), and then the mold 12 After pulling out the ring R together with the ring R, the punch part 17 is retracted and the ring R is dropped (removal process).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional techniques as described above, the process is simplified and the yield is significantly improved. However, on the other hand, the amount of deformation of the material in the forging process and shearing process is large, so the load is large, requiring a large press capacity, and the use of a double-acting press makes the machine complex and expensive. become. Furthermore, since the molding process goes through several stages, there is a problem in that the molding process takes time and production efficiency is poor.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a gripping portion in which a gripping hole into which a rod-shaped material is inserted is formed, and the opening surface of the gripping hole is formed to be flat. a concave mold part that is slidably provided on the opening surface and has a circular hole that is coaxial with the gripping hole at one position; and a convex mold part that is slidably fitted into the concave mold part. a forging process of forming a ring part by forging a rod-shaped material protruding from the opening end face into the concave mold part using the convex mold part; A shearing step is performed in which the holding portion is moved relative to the gripping portion along the end face to shear the connecting portion between the ring portion and the rod-shaped material.

[Operation] According to the method described above, the forging process is a free drilling process, and the material is drilled while increasing its outer diameter, so the required deformation force is reduced to about 273. Further, if forging is not performed to the final mold filling state, but ends with the shape halfway, the forging load can be further reduced. (in this case,
After shearing, upsetting, die forging, or ring rolling is performed to adjust the shape, but since the ring body is smaller, the forging force for this decreases to 173 to 1/7. ) Also, in the shearing step, since the shearing area becomes smaller, the shearing force is reduced to 1/2 to 115, and therefore, even if a forged tool is used for shearing, it can sufficiently withstand lateral loads. In this shearing process, filling the mold during forging almost eliminates the gap between the tool and the material, resulting in a smooth sheared surface, but in addition, a portion of the forging force remains to act on the material, resulting in axial restraint. When applied as a force, the material is more firmly fixed and the sheared surface becomes even smoother, and defects such as wrinkles and folds due to poor shearing do not occur during the final hot forging process. Furthermore, since the tool movement during shearing becomes the tool movement toward material ejection, there is no waste in the movement of each element, and the machining time is shortened.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
In the drawings to FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a gripping portion in which a gripping hole 3 into which a rod-shaped material 2 is inserted is formed, and one opening surface 4 of which is formed flat, and 5 denotes a gripping portion formed around the gripping hole I. A concave mold part is slidably provided on the opening surface 4, and a convex mold part 6 is slidably fitted into the concave mold part 5 to forge the protruding part of the rod-shaped material 2 into a ring. These mold parts constitute the ring manufacturing apparatus used in the method of the present invention.

The above-mentioned gripping part l has two upper and lower types Ia at the center of the gripping hole 3,
1b, and by opening the space between them, the rod-shaped member 2 is sequentially fed into the concave mold part 5 by an appropriate length by a feeding device (path shown), and the inner diameter of the gripping hole 3 is The values are set so that the rod-shaped member 2 is gripped when the molds 1a and 1b are closed.

The concave mold part 5 is formed by forming a circular hole 5b with a larger diameter than the rod-shaped material 2 in a flat plate-like member 5a that is in sliding contact with the opening surface 4 of the grasping part l. It is adapted to be moved up and down with respect to the opening surface 4.

The convex mold part 6 has a cylindrical part 6a that fits into the circular hole 5b.
and a punch portion 6b protruding from the center of the end surface, and a ring is formed by the gap formed between the convex mold portion 6 and the concave mold portion 5 when the convex mold portion 6 is fitted into the concave mold portion 5 by a driving device (path shown). It has become so. In addition, this convex mold part 6
is provided in the same housing as the concave mold part 5, and is moved up and down together with the concave mold part 5 by the shearing drive device. The diameter of the punch portion 6b is set to be smaller than the diameter of the rod-shaped material 2, so that a gap for metal flow is formed between the punch portion 6b and the edge of the gripping hole 3 during forging, thereby producing a good molded product. ing.

Hereinafter, a process of manufacturing a ring using the ring manufacturing apparatus configured as described above will be explained.

First, the upper and lower molds 1 a and 1 b of the grasping part 1 are opened, and the rod-shaped member 2 is made to protrude from the opening surface 4 by an appropriate length using a feeding device (path shown). The length of this protrusion is set so that the volume of the protrusion is slightly larger than the volume of the ring to be formed.

Then, the upper and lower molds 1 a and 1 b are closed, and the convex mold part 6 is inserted into the circular hole 5 b of the concave mold part 5 until the end surface of the punch part 6 b is flush with the opening surface 4 of the grip part 1 . (forging process). In this process, first, the punch portion 6b comes into contact with the end surface 2a of the rod-shaped material 2, and the rod-shaped material 2 is spread around the punch portion 6b (see FIG. 2). is formed into a ring shape by the punch portion 6b, the cylindrical portion 6a, and the circular hole 5b (see FIG. 3).

Next, with the convex mold part 6 still inserted, the shearing drive device is operated to move the concave mold part 5 and the convex mold part 6 downward (shearing process, see FIG. 4). .

Furthermore, the concave mold part 5 and the convex mold part 6 are lowered, and the columnar part 6a is
The ring R is ejected and dropped by an ejector pin 7 installed in the periphery of the ring R (removal process, see FIG. 5).

Thereafter, the concave mold part 5 is raised while the convex mold part 6 is extracted, and the state shown in FIG. 1 is returned to complete one cycle.

Al in weight % 2.5. Mn 3.0. A 45 mmφ extruded round bar made of copper alloy containing Si 1.5 was forged at 400°C using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 and sheared to an outer diameter of 50 mmφ and an inner diameter of 3 mm.
A ring-shaped material with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 15 mm was obtained. The forging force at this time was 36 Ton, and the shearing force was 6 Ton.

As a comparative example, when a ring with the above dimensions was manufactured from a 36 mm diameter rod under the same conditions using the method shown in Figure 6, the forging force was 8.
5Ton, and the shearing force was 15Ton. In this example, since a bar with a large outer diameter is used, the stroke amount for feeding the material is small, and the cycle time, which is the sum of the time required for each unit operation, was reduced by about 40% compared to the conventional method.

In the above method, since the amount of deformation of the metal is small in the forging process, the capacity of the drive device is small and the time required for processing is short. Furthermore, in the shearing step, as shown in FIG. 3, the shearing area is small, so both the capacity of the device and the time required are small.

Further, since the time between the forging process and the shearing process may be short, there is little loss time. Furthermore, the removal process is reliably and quickly carried out, so that the entire process is carried out smoothly.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, the present invention has a gripping portion in which a gripping hole into which a rod-shaped material is inserted is formed and whose opening surface is flat, and a gripping portion that is slidable with respect to the opening surface. A ring manufacturing apparatus comprising: a concave mold part having an annular concave part coaxial with the gripping hole at one position; and a convex mold part slidably fitted into the concave mold part; a forging step of forging a rod-shaped material protruding from the opening end face into the concave mold part using the convex mold part to form a ring part; Since the shearing process is performed by relative movement and shearing the connecting part between the ring part and the rod-shaped material, the yield of the material to the product is good, and the amount of deformation of the metal during forging and shearing is small. , The capacity of the drive device may be small, and the time required for machining is short. Furthermore, since the shearing process is followed by the unloading process and there is no lost time, the entire process can be carried out smoothly and the production efficiency is excellent.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 6, 8, and 10 are cross-sectional views showing the conventional method, and FIGS. 7, 9, and 11 are cross-sectional views showing the conventional method. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the process of deforming a rod-shaped material in a conventional method. 1... Gripping part, 2... Rod-shaped member, 3.
...Gripping hole, 4...Opening surface, 5...
...Concave mold part, 5b...Circular hole, 6...
Convex mold part. Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 I Figure 8 IF Figure 10 Figure 7! ! 11 Figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A gripping portion is formed with a gripping hole into which a rod-shaped material is inserted and has a flat opening surface; A ring manufacturing device equipped with a concave mold part having a circular hole coaxial with the hole and a convex mold part slidably fitted into the concave mold part allows the ring to be inserted into the concave mold part from the opening surface. a forging step of forging the protruding rod-shaped material with the convex mold part to form a ring part; and moving the concave mold part relative to the gripping part along the end surface, thereby forming the ring part and the rod-shaped material. and a shearing step of shearing a connecting portion of the ring.