JPS6287028A - Plant growing fabric exceelent in water permeability and root protecting property - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a textile used for growing and cultivating plants, which allows moisture necessary for plant growth to permeate and pass through, but does not allow roots to pass through, and is suitable for use during transplantation. , relates to a fabric that facilitates the separation of the fabric from seedlings grown from soil in a nursery or from a bottom water-absorbing mat.

(Prior Art) Seedling transplant cultivation methods have been widely used in the cultivation of many plants such as paddy rice, canola, and flowers. In this cultivation method, it was common to raise seedlings by directly sowing seeds in seedbeds prepared in fields, but as mechanization of transplanting became widespread, seedlings standardized to a predetermined size were required, and seedlings were grown in containers. Seedling raising methods have begun to be used. These seedling-raising containers generally have an opening at the bottom because it is necessary to control the moisture inside the container, and seedlings are raised by placing the container on a prepared seedling bed on the ground, and the soil inside the container flows through the opening into the seedling bed. Connected to the soil,
It has the advantage that moisture management is easy because the humidity is controlled in a manner similar to natural humidity. However, as the seedlings planted in the seedling growing container grow, their roots begin to grow into the ground through the bottom opening, making it difficult for the seedling growing container to separate from the ground during transplantation. Recently, a method of raising seedlings using rock wool blocks has been studied, mainly for vegetables.

In this method, rock wool blocks are arranged on, for example, a moistened nonwoven fabric sheet, water is absorbed from the bottom of the rock wool blocks, and the seedlings planted on the rock wool blocks are raised.

Even in this case, as the planted seedlings grow.

There was a drawback that the roots extended from the bottom of the rock wool block to the nonwoven fabric below, making it difficult for the rock wool to peel off during transplantation.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides sufficient moisture necessary for plant growth, has excellent water permeability, and also has root-proofing properties that do not allow the roots of plants to pass through. The object of the present invention is to obtain a fabric for growing plants that allows seedlings to easily peel off from the soil in a nursery or from the bottom water-absorbing mat.

(Means for solving problems) The present invention is a woven fabric using one synthetic long fiber yarn.

It was formed by a warp gap 2 and a weft gap. It has 500 or more micropores/cm2 that substantially penetrate from one side of the fabric to the other, and the average area of each micropore is 700μ.
m2 or more and 2υOOμm2 or less, and.

The average length of either the warp gap or the weft gap is 5
This is a fabric for growing plants that has excellent water permeability of μm or more and root-proofing properties.

The woven fabric constructed according to the present invention needs to be constructed of synthetic filament yarns for both the warp and weft.

The main fibers constituting the yarn t are polyvinyl acetate alcohol-based, polyamide-based, polyester-based, polyvinyl chloride-based, polyvinylidene chloride-based, polyacrylonitrile-based,
One type of polyolefin type, polyethylene type, and polypropylene type can be used alone, or two or more types can be used as a mixture depending on the case. The synthetic fibers mentioned above are physically and chemically stable.

It has excellent physical properties and is extremely durable.

It is preferable because it is resistant to the adhesion of bacteria, mold, insects, etc. In addition, the denier of the synthetic filament yarn is preferably 10 to 250 deniers.The finer the denier, the greater the number of micropores in the unit area of the fabric, resulting in excellent water permeability.However, if it is less than 10 denier, it is too thin to be used as a sheet. This is not good because the tension will be lost. Also.

If it exceeds 250 denier, the fabric becomes thicker and the number of micropores decreases, which is not good because the water permeability deteriorates. The greater the number of filaments, the better. When the number of filaments is large, the threads are pressed and crushed at the tissue points within the fabric structure, and as a result, the apparent thickness becomes large, and as a result, fine pores with excellent water permeation root blocking effect are easily formed. When the number of filaments is small 1 For example, if monofilament yarn is used and no increase in apparent thickness is expected, it is necessary to increase the density of the weft and warp yarns in order to secure the micropore surface fj2 required for fi water-proofing properties. However, it is less efficient in terms of weavability.

The number of micropores per unit area of the fabric increases, resulting in excellent water permeability.

When the textile for growing plants of the present invention is composed of spun yarn,
This is not a good idea because the plant roots become entangled in the fluff of the spun yarn, making it difficult to separate the seedlings when transplanting. Also.

The multifilament yarn may be given crimpability.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is necessary that the average area of each micropore formed by the warp gap and the weft gap and substantially penetrating from one side of the fabric to the other side is 700 μm2 or more and 2000 μm2 or less. . The average area of micropores is 200υ
If it exceeds μ, the roots of the plants will pass through the micropores, making it difficult for the plants to peel off, which is not good. Furthermore, if the average area of the micropores is less than 700 μm 2 , water permeability becomes poor, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, the water permeability and root-proofing properties are not only related to the area of the micropores described above, but also to the lengths of the warp and weft gaps. The length of either the warp gap or the weft gap is 5 μm
It is necessary that it is above. If the length of the gap is less than 5 μm, water permeability will be poor. It is preferable that the warp gap and the weft gap described above are approximately the same. Further, the number of micropores is required to be 500 or more per cm2. In this explanation, the number of micropores is expressed as warp density (threads/cm) x weft density (threads/cm). The number needs to be 500 or more/crA, but preferably 500 to 12,000/crA.

Preferably 600 to 6000 pieces/c! It is A.

The water permeability of the entire sheet is the product of the amount of water passing through each matching pore and the number of pores, so the greater the number of pores, the better the water permeability.
Increasing the number of yarns while ensuring UO ~ 2000 μF 71') means that the denier or apparent thickness of the threads that make up the fabric must be made thinner than necessary, and the thickness of the fabric becomes thinner, making it difficult to use fabrics for growing plants. The strength and nervousness disappear. Case, 1: It is not good because it is A-woven and difficult to handle, resulting in high cost. On the other hand, if the number of pieces is less than 500 pieces per shoulder, the apparent thickness of the constituent threads of the fabric must be increased, making the fabric thick and heavy, making it difficult to handle.
! 1. This is not good because the amount of permeable water decreases and water permeability deteriorates.

Further, the textile structure may be any of XF-weave, twill weave, or satin weave.

It was a cabinet. The length and area of the warp gap and weft gap are determined as follows.

A fabric sample (10 cm×I QCllK) is taken and a projected photograph is taken using a bright field method using an optical microscope 9 to measure the gap. The magnification at this time is 200 times.

The measured values vary widely, and the average value of n=10 is taken as the value. The area is expressed as length x width assuming that the A-weave fabric is substantially rectangular.

Moreover, the fabric for growing plants of the present invention is dyed.

The material may be subjected to post-processing such as resin processing, hydrophilic processing, or water-repellent processing, or may be subjected to calender processing to impart crushability and smoothness.

(Example) Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 7 Fabrics (for growing (referred to as woven fabric) t- obtained.

The gaps between warps and wefts, the areas of micropores, and the number of micropores of these fabrics are as shown in Table 1.

On the other hand, a bottom water-absorbing mat made of a non-woven fabric with a polyester spunbond fabric weight of 250 r/d and a thickness of 3 Irj+ was laid on a flat surface, and the above-mentioned growing fabric was placed on top of it. Layout.

Furthermore, a rock cool block (70 x 7 cm x 70) on which tomato seedlings were planted was arranged, and seedlings were raised by allowing rock wool to absorb water from the water mat at the bottom while being flooded with water. Table 1 shows the results of examining the releasability and water permeability between the rock wool block and the growth fabric during transplantation.

Comparative Example 8 Polyester 1.4Den -38FF cut stripes were spun and 80'S spun yarn was used for warp and warp density of 234 threads/in and weft density of 162 threads/yaku for plant cultivation. Obtained textiles. Seedlings were raised using the bottom water absorption method as in the example.

Table 1 shows the results of peelability and water permeability between the rock wool block and the growing fabric when transplanting after the plants have grown.

As is clear from Table 1, the area of the a pore is 2000μ
Comparative Examples 1.2.3 with a diameter of m2 or more have difficulty in releasability, and Comparative Examples 4.6. with a micropore area of less than 700 μm2. Comparative Example 5, in which the warp gap was less than 5 μm, and Comparative Example 7, in which the number of micropores was less than 500/-, both had poor water permeability. Also.

Comparative Example 8, in which the material was made of spun IjI yarn, had poor peelability.

On the other hand, Examples 1 to 7, which satisfied the requirements of the present invention, were excellent in both releasability and water permeability, and were useful textiles for use in growing and cultivating plants.

(Effects of the invention) The textile for growing plants with excellent water permeability and root prevention properties of the present invention has the following properties:
Since it is composed of multifilament threads, there is no fuzz, so the roots do not get entangled, and the roots can be easily separated from the growing fabric.

Moreover, since it has appropriate water permeability, seedlings can be easily peeled off from the sheet when transplanting plants. For this purpose, one method is to spread the sheet of the present invention on the bottom of a container for raising seedlings of rice, canola, flowers, etc., or to spread the sheet on the water-absorbing part of the bottom using rock wool for raising seedlings.

Furthermore, when cultivating potted plants such as flowers by arranging them on the bottom water-absorbing mat, this growing fabric has good root-proofing properties and water permeability, and can be simply placed between the pot and the bottom water-absorbing mat.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A woven fabric made of synthetic filament yarns, which has 500 or more micropores/cm^2 formed between warp and weft gaps and which substantially penetrate from one side of the fabric to the other; Average area per micropore is 700 μm^2 or more 200
0 μm^3 or less, and the average length of either the warp gap or the weft gap is 5 μm or more, and has excellent water permeability and root prevention properties.