JPS6288546A - Broken tool evacuation processing device in FMS - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a broken tool evacuation processing device in an FMS (flexible manufacturing system).

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, when a tool breakage is detected during machining by a cutting monitoring device or the like in an FMS, a tool breakage detection signal is issued to stop the NC machine tool, or if the problem spreads, system operation is interrupted. That is, when a tool breaks, the circumstances of the tool breakage vary depending on various factors such as not only simple breakage, such as a broken drill or chipping, but also bite or seizure between the tool and the workpiece. After the system is interrupted, the operator checks the damage to the tool, manually evacuates the tool, sends a "tool replacement request notification" to the host computer, and resumes operation.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, if a broken tool occurs during system operation as described above, if the operation were immediately interrupted with an alarm signal, it would take a long time until operation resumed because the system configuration works in coordination according to the machining schedule of the host computer. It takes time to match data and readjust operational preparations for each system configuration, increasing lost time and hindering improvements in production efficiency.

The purpose of the present invention was proposed in order to solve the problem in view of the above circumstances, and when a tool breaks, it takes measures to automatically evacuate according to the situation, thereby reducing lost time as much as possible and increasing production efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a broken tool evacuation processing device in an FMS, which aims to improve the performance.

[Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention is an FMS
This is a broken tool evacuation processing device in which, when a tool breakage occurs, a start command is issued by a tool breakage detection signal from a cutting monitoring device to activate an automatic evacuation selection processing program, and the automatic evacuation operation is selected. A Z-axis movement saving processing program, a fixed path movement saving processing program, or a reverse path movement saving processing program is activated through the selection circuit. It also includes a determining means for comparing and determining a setting value set in advance by the cutting monitoring device and a measured value at the time of retracting measured by the retracting operation signal; and means for outputting processing data of the processing program when the measured value at the time of saving is smaller than a set value.

By adopting the device of the present invention, when a tool is damaged, the automatic evacuation selection processing program is activated to perform an automatic evacuation operation without stopping the machine or interrupting the system operation, and the system operation is stopped. The aim was to continue as much as possible to keep system interruptions to a minimum.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

(1) First, the overall configuration of an FMS line suitable for implementing the present invention will be described.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an FMS line suitable for implementing the present invention.

In FIG. 2, the system is roughly composed of a management department and a work department, and the management department includes a line management control section 100 and a general management control section 101. The line management control unit 100 controls the flow of each processing process while the system is online.
The general management control unit 101 at the upper level controls the tool station 119, each NC machine 103a, 103b, '103c, which is the preparation information.
.

103d tool magazines 121a, 121b.

121c, 121d and tool management data in the tool room 120 and each NC machine 103a, 103b.

NC machining data, machining schedule data, setup schedule data, etc. of 103c and 103d are comprehensively grasped and managed. The line management control section 100 and the general management control section 101 are connected via a modem M (modulation/demodulation device) between CCUs (communication control units), and transmit and receive data.

In the work department, the NC processing data sent from the line management control unit 100 to each NC machine 103a, 103b is sequentially transmitted.
, 103c, 103d NC devices 104a, 104b,
104c and 104d. Line management control unit 100
And the main control unit? &102 and NC devices 104a, 104
b, 104c.

104d is linked to the optical data highway 105, and is adapted to take in necessary data as and when required via an NLU (Network Linkage Unit). The main controller 102 includes each NC machine 103a,
103b, 103c and 103d PC devices (referred to as programmable controllers) 122a, 122b
, 122c and 122d.

The main controller 102 includes each NC machine 103a, 103b.

Cutting monitoring devices 123a and 123b monitor the cutting load state of the processing tools 103c and 103d.

Connected to 123C and 123d.

The main controller 102 also controls an unmanned trolley 108 that runs on tracks 106 and 107. It is also connected to a ground platform 110 that controls the stacker crane 109. Tool station 11 also equipped with a tool stopper for supplying tools.
9 is also connected to an operation panel 112 located at the setup station 111 that mainly controls manual setup operations. Terminal 1 that displays input of setup information and setup instructions
13 is connected to the NLU.

The worker operates the terminal 113 to output the setup rescheduling data and processing schedule data created through load calculation, and confirms the work schedule for day -.

At the setup station 111, necessary workpieces and pallets are set from the work storage 114 and the pallet storage 115, and at the installation station 116, the workpieces are attached to the pallets using necessary jigs and tools.

Under the control of the FMS control systems shown in FIG. 2, the pallets P prepared in the setup-side pallet stocker 117 are temporarily held at a predetermined position in the machine-side pallet stocker 118 by the stacker crane 109. Main controller 102
According to the command, the desired pallet P is transported by the unmanned cart 108, and is carried into, for example, the NC machine 103b. The processed pallet P is transferred to the next process by the unmanned trolley 108 or transferred to the machine side pallet stocker 118.
will be placed on.

(2) Next, the basic principle of the present invention will be explained.

3 to 5 are model diagrams showing three basic operations applied to automatically evacuate a damaged tool.

The three basic movements are +a) Z-axis movement retreat, (b) fixed path movement movement and (C) reverse path movement movement.

(Al　Z-axis movement and retraction will be explained based on FIG. 3.

In Fig. 3, when drilling a hole in a workpiece W with a tool T attached to the spindle of the spindle head TH, for example, a drill, the drill tool T moves as shown by the dotted line in the X-axis direction and drills a hole in the workpiece W. be done. If the tool T of the drill is damaged during processing, that is, if the tip of the drill is inserted into the work W and breaks, the drill of the tool T is automatically retracted as shown by the solid line in the X-axis direction.

The Tol fixed path operation evacuation will be explained based on FIG. 4.

In Fig. 4, when a tool T attached to the main shaft of the main spindle head TH, for example, a side cutter, is used to groove a workpiece W, the tool T of the side cutter is attached to the X-axis, Y-axis, as shown by the dotted line,
It moves in the two-axis and X-axis directions and grooves are formed on the workpiece W. If the tool T of the side cutter is damaged during processing, an automatic retraction operation is performed in which the tool T of the side cutter moves in the Y-axis and X-axis directions as shown by the solid line.

(C) Reverse path operation evacuation will be explained based on FIGS. 5(a) and (0).

In FIGS. 5(A) and (0), a tool T attached to the main shaft of the main spindle head TH, for example, a workpiece W with an end mill.
When machining a T-groove, the tool T of the end mill moves in the Y-axis and X-axis directions as shown by the dotted line, and the T:a machining is performed on the workpiece W. If the tool T of the end mill is damaged during machining, an automatic retraction operation is performed in which the end mill tool T moves in the X-axis and Y-axis directions opposite to the machining operation direction, as shown by the solid line.

The broken tool evacuation processing apparatus of the present invention is implemented by incorporating these three Z-axis action evacuations, fixed path action evacuations, and reverse path action evacuations into an automatic evacuation selection processing program.

(3) A specific configuration of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. - In Figure 1, CPU100 (line management control unit)
The main controller 102 and NLU described in FIG. 2 are connected to the FMS line to control the FMS line.

A tool T is inserted into the tool spindle of the N0 machines 103a, 103b, 103c, and 103d. N0 machine 103a, 1
03b, 103c, and 103d have a cutting monitoring device 123a.
, 123b, 123c, and 123d are provided and connected to the main controller 102.

A tool center file 2 is connected to the CPU 100,
An example of the contents of the tool center file 2 is shown in FIG.
), storage area, location, tool type, life time, cutting time, tool condition, evacuation type, and evacuation selection FLG (flag) are filed for each tool center block.

Furthermore, the CPU 100 has a tool magazine file 3. N
Each of the C tool files 4 is connected, and an example of the contents of the tool magazine file 3 is as shown in FIG. ing.

An example of the contents of the NC tool file 4, as shown in Figure 6 (C), covers the tools used for each work to be machined, and includes the tool center fish, offset code, and usage prediction for each pot fish in the tool magazine. Time etc. are filed.

Tool magazine file 3 and NC tool file 4
is connected to the tool change request processing program 5 to create a tool change request file. Upon receiving a tool replacement request notification based on a tool damage detection signal, the tool replacement request processing program 5 operates based on the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, and considers when to replace the damaged tool. In other words, in Fig. 7, when checking for tool damage, the sixth
NC tool files 4 and 6 of the next workpiece in Figure (C)
It is compared with the tool magazine file 3 in Figure (B) to determine whether there is a tool change request for the tool that is in the tool magazine of the machine and will be used to process the next workpiece. If there is a tool change request, a command is given to register it in the tool change request file. Determine whether there are any other tools used to process the workpiece, and if there are, repeat. If there is no tool change request file, the creation of the tool change request file ends, and the operation of the tool change request processing program ends.

If you start machining now, the machining command signal will be AND gate 6.
be taken in. Cutting monitoring device 123 a =
When a tool breakage is detected from 123d, the AND gate 6 is opened by the tool breakage detection signal and is taken into the automatic evacuation selection processing program memory 7 as a start command. The automatic save selection processing program 7 stored in the automatic save selection processing program memory is operated, and the resulting data is taken into the selection circuit 8. The automatic evacuation selection processing program 7 includes the aforementioned (al Z-axis movement evacuation, (b
) Fixed path operation evacuation, (C1 Reverse path movement evacuation) For the center magnet, save FLG data is extracted and output to the selection circuit 8. When the FLG (flag) ■ is set in the selection circuit 8, a start command is taken into the Z-axis operation save processing program memory 9, and the third The operation starts as shown in the figure. When the FLG (flag) 2 is set in the selection circuit 8, a start command is taken into the reverse route operation selection processing program memory 11, and the operation starts as shown in FIG. 4. The selection circuit 8 At FL
When G (flag) 3 is set, the start command is taken into the fixed path operation save processing program memory 10 and the process shown in FIG.
b), starts the operation as shown in (+7). Selection circuit 8
If FLG (flag) is 0, the alarm command is
It is taken into gate 19.

Further, a memory set signal is outputted from the automatic save selection processing program memory 7 and taken into the set memory 13. Furthermore, bit signals from set memory 13 are taken into rising AND gates 17 and 18.

On the other hand, a set value AO measured and set in advance by the cutting monitoring devices 123a to 123d is stored in the set value register 14. Thus, the set value AO stored in the set value register 14 is taken into the comparator 15.

At the start of automatic evacuation, the cutting monitoring devices 123a to 123d measure the load during evacuation. Then, the measured value A at the time of saving is taken into the AND gate 16.

Selected automatic save processing program memory 9゜10.
The AND gate 16 is opened by the save operation signal when the program stored in the memory 11 is activated, and the measured value A is taken into the comparator 15.

Comparator 15 compares set value AO and measured value A, and A≧
When the AO condition is satisfied, an overload detection signal is output from the comparator 15, the AND gate 17 is opened by the overload detection signal, and an alarm signal is taken into the OR gate 19. Note that the alarm signal from the selection circuit 8 is also connected to the OR gate 19.

Processing data from the Z-axis movement saving processing program memory 9, which has already been taken into the OR gate 12, or processing data from the fixed path movement saving processing program memory 10, or reverse path movement saving processing program memory 1
Any of the processed data from 1 passes through OR gate 12 and is taken into AND gate 20.

The AND gate 18 takes in the focus signal from the set memory 13, and if the AND gate 18 does not receive an overload detection signal from the comparator 15, the AND gate 18 opens and the bit signal is input to the AND gate. Incorporated into 20. The bit signal opens the AND gate 20 and outputs the processed data.

(4) The operation of the present invention will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG.

In FIG. 8, machining is started, and if the machining is not completed in the 0th stage machining completion determination, it is determined in the 0th stage whether or not the tool is damaged. If no damage to the tool is detected by the end of machining, machining ends (stage 0). If it is determined that the tool is damaged at stage 0, the host computer receives a tool replacement request notification at stage 0.

Further, at stage 0, the automatic selection processing program 7 stored in the automatic save selection processing program memory is activated. The automatic selection processing program 7 recognizes the tool center of the damaged tool from the tool magazine file 3, and selects the FLG of the type of evacuation filed in the tool center file 4 from the tool center of the damaged tool. At stage 0, it is determined whether automatic evacuation processing is possible, and if automatic evacuation processing is possible, at stage 0 it is determined whether or not Z-axis operation evacuation is to be performed. 0th
When it is determined that the Z-axis movement is to be saved as FLGI in the 0th stage, the Z-axis movement saving processing program stored in the Z-axis movement saving processing program memory 9 is activated, and the Z-axis movement saving processing program is activated.
Axis motion saving processing is performed.

At the 0th stage, it is determined whether it is a fixed path operation retreat other than the Z-axis operation retreat. When it is determined as FLG2 that the fixed route motion is to be saved, the fixed route motion save processing program stored in the fixed route motion save processing program memory 10 is activated in the [phase] stage, and the fixed route motion save processing is performed. .

If it is determined that FLG3 other than the fixed route operation save is the reverse route operation save in the 0th stage, the reverse route operation save processing program stored in the reverse route operation save processing program memory 11 is activated, and the reverse route operation save processing is performed. will be done.

When the Z-axis movement evacuation processing, the fixed path movement evacuation processing of the 0th stage, or the reverse path movement evacuation processing of the 0th stage is performed in the 0th stage, the comparator 15 compares whether overload has been detected in the 0th stage. . That is, it is determined whether the selected automatic evacuation can be performed. For example, if the workpiece and the damaged tool are in an abnormally interlocking state, it will be detected as an overload during operation. If it is determined that there is no overload at the 0th stage, it is determined whether the return to origin is to be performed at the 0th stage, that is, whether the automatic evacuation operation has been completed, and when the return to origin is performed at the 0th stage, the automatic evacuation is completed. .

If it is determined that automatic evacuation selection processing is not possible at the 0th stage, or if an overload is detected at the 0th stage, an alarm signal is output at the 0th stage, a manual evacuation instruction is issued, and the machine stops (stage [phase]).

〔effect〕

In the case of tool damage, the present invention does not issue an alarm to stop the machine or interrupt system operation, but instead activates an automatic evacuation selection program to select Z-axis movement evacuation, fixed path movement evacuation, and reverse path movement evacuation. This makes it possible to continue system operation as much as possible and minimize machine stoppages or system interruptions.

Further, the present invention has the advantage of being able to select and flexibly respond to evacuation processing for damaged tools.

Furthermore, the present invention allows for flexible handling of evacuation of damaged tools.
In addition, system interruptions can now be kept to a minimum, which has the effect of improving production efficiency and operating efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a control program diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an FMS line used to carry out the present invention. Figures 3, 4 and 5 ((),
(II) is a model diagram showing three basic operations applied to automatically evacuate a damaged tool. Figure 6 (^) is a sample diagram showing an example of a tool center file, Figure 6 (B) is a sample diagram showing an example of a tool magazine file, and Figure 6 (C) is a sample diagram showing an example of an NC tool file. It is. FIG. 7 is a flowchart for operating the tool exchange request processing program. FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the operation of the present invention. 2... Tool center file 3... Tool magazine file 4... NC tool file 5... Tool replacement request processing program'' 7... Automatic save selection processing program/memory 8...
・Selection circuit 9...Z-axis movement saving processing program memory 10...Fixed path movement saving processing program memory 1
1... Reverse route operation save processing program memory 15.
...Comparator 100...CPU102...Main controller 103&~103d...NC machine 123a=
123d...Cutting monitoring device TH...Tool holder T
...Tool W...Work Patent Applicant Hitachi Seiki Co., Ltd. Figure 3, Figure 5 (A) (0) No. 6
Diagram (A) NC tool 7 filter 8 diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] A broken tool evacuation processing device in an FMS that has each NC machine tool and a transport vehicle that supplies workpieces to each NC machine tool, and is a measurement device that outputs a tool breakage detection signal when a tool breaks during machining. an automatic retraction selection processing means for selecting the type of automatic retraction of the damaged tool based on a signal from the measuring device; and an automatic retraction selection processing means for automatically retracting the damaged tool by operating the damaged tool in the direction of the spindle axis of the NC machine tool. Z-axis operation evacuation processing means for causing the damaged tool to move along a predetermined evacuation path by the automatic evacuation selection processing means and automatically retracting the damaged tool; A broken tool evacuation processing device in an FMS, comprising a reverse path operation evacuation processing means that operates in the reverse path of machining up to and automatically retracts the tool, and an evacuation determination means that determines whether or not evacuation is possible when automatically retracting the broken tool.