JPS63183272A - Starting device of hydraulic turbine generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically set an opening of a guide vane suitably regardless of fluctuation in water level of a discharge channel by detecting the water level of a discharge channel of a run-off-river plant, and correcting the starting opening of the guide vane and no load opening according to fluctuation in water level of the discharge channel. CONSTITUTION:The water level of a discharge channel is detected by a water level detector 3, and a difference between the detected water level and a water level preset value set by a water level setting device 2 is calculated by a substracter 4. According to the substraction result, an output signal of a normal head setting device 1 is divided by a divider 5, and the division result is output to a multiplier 6. Since at the time of starting, a switch MS1 is closed, a switch MS2 is opened, a switch S1 is closed and a switch S2 is opened, the multiplier 6 calculates the product of an output signal of a starting opening setting device 34 input through the switch S1 and an output signal of the divider 5. An output signal of the multiplier 6 is subtracted from the output signal of the starting opening setting device 34 by a subtracter 6, and the subtraction signal is output as an opening command signal to an opening control device 31.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A. Industrial application field The present invention relates to a starting device for a water turbine generator.

B0 Summary of the Invention The first invention of the present invention is a starting device for a water turbine generator operated in a run-of-river power plant, which detects the water level of a spillway and adjusts the starting opening and non-starting angle of guide vanes according to the fluctuations in the water level. By correcting the load opening, it is possible to automatically set the opening of the guide pan appropriately even if the water level of the spillway fluctuates.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a starting device for a water turbine generator operated in a reservoir-type or regulating pond-type power plant, including a discharge channel,
By detecting the water level of the reservoir or regulating pond and correcting the starting opening and no-load opening of the guide vane according to the fluctuation, the system automatically adjusts the opening angle of the guide vane even if the water level of the spillway, reservoir, or regulating pond fluctuates. This makes it possible to appropriately set the opening degree of the guide vane.

C1 To make the explanation of the conventional technology easier to understand, let us take the case of the Francis turbine as an example. The block diagram shown in FIG. 3 represents a conventional starting device 30 for a water turbine generator. The opening control device 31 is activated when the water turbine starts.
The control signal b2 is output to 00, and the rotational speed of the water turbine generator 1000 is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the guide vane. The opening degree control device 31 includes an opening degree detector 32 and a subtractor 36.
As a result, negative feedback is generated, and the opening degree control device 31 controls the opening degree of the guide vane so as to follow the value of the opening degree command signal SR given to the subtracter 36.

When one of the interlocking switches MSI and MS2H1 is open, the other is closed. Under normal operating conditions, switch MS2 is closed. At this time, the speed governor 33 outputs the opening command signal 5a to the opening control device 31 via the subtractor 36, and sets the rotational speed of the water turbine generator 100 to a predetermined speed.

When a start command is issued to the start device (capital), switch MS 1
.

MS2 operates, switch MS1 closes, switch MS2
becomes open. Subsequently, the switch S1 is closed, whereby the output signal of the starting opening degree setting device 34 is input to the opening degree control device 31. At this time, the starting opening degree setting device 34 outputs the opening degree command signal S.
g is output, the guide vane is opened to the starting opening degree (for example, 10 inch opening degree), and the water turbine is started.

When a certain period of time has elapsed since the starting opening degree setting device outputs such a signal, or when the water turbine is started by a low-speed relay, the switch S1 is opened and the switch S2 is closed instead. At this time, the no-load opening setting device 35 outputs an opening command (iMs+sy), closes the guide vane to the no-load opening, and accelerates the water turbine.

When the speed of the water turbine approaches the rated speed, the speed relay operates to open the switch MS1 and close the switch MSZ to switch to the speed governor 33. The above completes the startup of the water turbine generator 1.

Here, the relationship between the output P (kW) of the water turbine and the effective head (rlm) will be explained. Water turbine output pH1P=9.8Q
H, T ...... (1) Represented. however,
Q rrl fN, ! (m'/5ea), ηT
is the water turbine efficiency. The flow rate Q is expressed by the following equation, where ktl is a constant number.

Q== k a 1 ” 2 ...
...(2) Therefore, P=9.8kHz"" +7T ...(3) In other words, the output pH of the water turbine depends on the effective head H,
It is proportional to the 372nd power.

Therefore, for example, when the water turbine generator 1 is operated in a reservoir-type or regulating pond-type power plant, the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree are set according to the water level of these ponds (hereinafter referred to as water level). It is necessary to adjust the compensation, and if the set value is inappropriate, the following problems will occur. In other words, if these openings are set to suit when the water level is high, the water level will drop and the next time it will not be possible to start, or the turbine will not be able to accelerate to near its full rated speed with no-load opening. Therefore, switching to the governor vane becomes impossible.

Conversely, if the opening degree is set to suit the case where the water level is low, overspeed may occur when the water level becomes high.

Next, when the water turbine generator 1 is operating in a run-of-river type power plant, the water level in the water tank does not change significantly as in the case of a reservoir type or regulating pond type, but Since the water level changes, the above starting opening and no-load 3f! It is necessary to adjust the setting value of the temperature, and if the setting value is inappropriate, the following problems will occur. For example, if the water level of the spillway is at a normal water level or a low water level during a drought, and the above opening degree is set to match this water level, the water level of the spillway will rise due to heavy rain, etc., and the next time it will not be possible to start up. It is not possible to accelerate the water turbine to near the rated speed when the water turbine is opened at low or no load, making it impossible to switch to the governor position. Even if you can accelerate quickly, it takes a long time to accelerate to near the rated speed.

Fluctuations in the water level or water level of the tailrace channel have a standard head of 100g#
If the distance is about 15m or 110m, the startup time (time from when the startup command is issued until it switches to the regulator)
It is also possible to set the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree to be large enough to avoid overspeeding, although the time will be shorter. However, when the standard head is small, such as 50 m or less, and the rate of water level fluctuation is large, it is impossible to avoid the above problem with this method.

D0 Problems to be Solved by the Invention When using the conventional starting device as described above, when the water level or the water level of the spillway changes, the operator cannot set the opening degree or the no-load opening degree. Must be changed manually.

However, most recent hydroelectric power plants have unmanned remote monitoring and control, so people have to go all the way to the power plant to change the opening, which poses a big problem. It is an object of the invention to provide a starting device for a water turbine generator that solves such problems and automatically sets the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree appropriately by detecting the water level or the water level of the tailrace channel. be.

Next Means for Solving the E0 Problem In the starting device 11 for a water turbine generator according to the first invention, the starting device sets the opening degree of the guide vane based on the opening degree setting signal outputted by the opening degree setting means, The above problem is solved by providing a water level detection means for detecting the water level of the waterway, and a calculation means for correcting the opening degree setting signal based on the water level detection result by the water level detection means.

Further, in the starting device for a water turbine generator according to the invention of @2, the starting device sets the opening degree of the guide vane based on the opening degree setting signal outputted by the opening degree setting means, the first part detecting the water level of the spillway. a second water level detection means for detecting the water level of the reservoir or the regulating pond;
The above problem is solved by providing calculation means for correcting the opening degree setting signal based on the results of water level detection by the first water level detection means and the second water level detection means.

20 Effects In the water turbine generator starting device according to the first invention, the water level detection means detects fluctuations in the water level of the spillway, and the arithmetic means corrects the opening degree setting signal based on the result.

Therefore, even if the water level of the spillway fluctuates, the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree of the guide vane are always automatically set to an appropriate state.

In the water turbine generator starting device according to the second invention, the first water level detection means detects the water level of the spillway, and the second water level detection means detects the water level. The calculation means then corrects the opening degree setting signal based on these water level detection results. Therefore, even if the water level of the spillway and the water level of the reservoir or regulation pond fluctuates, the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree of the guide vane are always automatically set to an appropriate state.

G. Example Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

Embodiment 1 First, an embodiment of the first invention will be described using the nine block diagram shown in FIG. This device is powered by a water turbine that operates in a run-of-river power plant! This is a starting device for the machine, and the following features (a) to (g) are added to the conventional starting device shown in Fig. 3.

(a) Standard head setting device 1° that outputs a signal Ha representing the set value of the head in the normal state, that is, the reference head H (b) Setting the tailrace water level in the normal state 11 Setting the tailrace water level to output the full signal representing the standard head H The output signal of the tailrace water level setting device 2 and the output signal of the tailrace water level detector 3 are sent to the tailrace water level detector 3° which detects the water level of the tailrace and outputs a signal representing it. A signal hs representing the result
Subtractor 4° that outputs (E) Division that calculates the division of signal H8 by signal ha:
The output signal Sra of the starting opening setting 634 sent via the switch 81 and the output signal Nrs of the no-load opening setting device 35 sent via the switch 82 and the divider 5 A multiplier 6 that calculates and outputs the product with the output signal of
゜(g) The above output signal Srs or 'fc is the output signal Nr
The subtracter 7 calculates and outputs the difference between s and the output signal of the multiplier 6.Next, the operation will be explained. The tailrace water level detector 3 detects the water level of the tailrace and outputs a signal tube representing the current water level of the tailrace. A subtracter 4 calculates the difference between the output signal of the tailrace water level setter 2 and a signal representing the water level of the tailrace, and outputs a signal ha. The divider 5 divides the output signal Hsi of the reference head setter 1 by this signal and outputs the result to the multiplier 6.

At startup, as already explained, the switch MS1 is closed, the switch MS2H is open, the switch S1 is closed, and the switch 5Ztj is open. Therefore, the output signal Srs of the starting opening setting device is inputted to the other input of the multiplier 6 via the switch Sli, and therefore the multiplier 6
calculates the product of the signal Sr+s and the output signal of the divider 5 and outputs it as a signal e. The subtracter 7 subtracts this signal e from the signal Srs and outputs it to the subtracter 36 as an opening command signal Ss via the switch MSITh.

That is, the subtracter 4 calculates the difference h (the value represented by the signal h8) between the actual water level of the spillway and its set value, and the divider 5 calculates the ratio of the difference to the 4-semi-head difference H (the value represented by the signal Ha). Calculate. Then, by multiplying the starting opening Sr (the value represented by the signal Srs) set by the starting opening setting device 34 by this ratio using the multiplier 6, and subtracting the result from the original starting opening Sr using the subtracter 7, , the nine-start opening degree is corrected according to fluctuations in the water level of the spillway. The starting opening degree after correction is set to S (signal Sg
), this is expressed by the following equation.

S=S r −(h /H) S r −=
-(4) Also, when setting the no-load opening, switch S2
is closed, a signal Nrs indicating the set value Nr of the no-load opening degree
is input to the multiplier. Then, in the same manner as the startup opening, the no-load opening is corrected in accordance with fluctuations in the water level of the spillway. No-load opening degree tS after correction (value represented by signal Sl)
Then, this is expressed by the following equation.

S = N r - (h /H) N r -=・
・-(51 Embodiment 2) Next, an embodiment of the second invention will be explained using a block diagram shown in a wjz diagram. This is a starting device, and is constructed by adding the following (a) to (a) to the starting device of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

(c) Water level setting device 8° that outputs a signal representing the set value of the water level in normal conditions (1c. Water level detector 9° that detects the water level and outputs all signals representing the detected water level) Top A subtracter lO0 calculates the difference between the output signal of the water level setter 8 and the output signal of the upper water level detector 9, and outputs a signal hs representing this difference.) The output signal of the subtractor 10 and the output signal of the subtractor 4 The subtracter 11 calculates the difference between the subtracter 11 and outputs the result to the divider 5.The operation of the subtracter 11 will be explained next. The water level detector 9 detects the water level and outputs a signal representing the current water level.

The subtracter IO calculates the difference between the output signal of the water level setting device 8 and the signal representing the water level, and outputs a signal hs. The subtracter 11 calculates and outputs the difference between this signal and a signal ha representing the difference between the set value of the water level of the waterway from the subtractor 4 and the actual water level of the waterway. The divider 5 divides the output signal Hs1 of the reference head setter 1 by this signal and outputs the result to the multiplier 6.

At startup, switch MSI is closed, switch IVLs2
#-1 is open, the switch 5i is closed, and the switch S2 is open, so the output signal 5rs of the starting opening setting device is sent to the other input of the multiplier 6 via the switch S1.
s is input, so the multiplier 6 calculates the product of the signal Srs and the output signal of the divider 5, and outputs it as a signal e. The subtracter 7 subtracts this signal +1? from the signal Srs. The opening command signal S3 is output to the subtracter 36 via the switch MSl.

That is, the subtractor 4 calculates the difference h' between the actual water level of the waterway and its set value, while the subtractor IO calculates the difference h' between the actual water level and its set value (the value represented by the signal h's). seek.

Furthermore, the subtracter 11 calculates the differences h and h' between these set values.
Calculate the difference between h - h'. The divider 5 calculates the ratio of this difference h - h' to the reference head H. Then, the starting opening degree set by the starting opening setting device 34 is multiplied by a multiplier 6.
By multiplying this ratio by , and subtracting the result from the original starting opening degree in the subtractor 7, the next starting opening degree is corrected in accordance with fluctuations in the water level of the spillway and the upper water level. Assuming that the starting opening degree after correction is S (the value represented by the signal Ss), this is expressed by the following equation.

5=Sr−((hh−h′)/H)Sr −−−−・−
(4) Further, in the case of setting the no-load opening degree, the switch S2 is closed, and the signal Nra is input to the multiplier.

Then, in the same manner as the startup opening, the no-load opening is corrected in accordance with fluctuations in the water level of the spillway and the water level. Assuming that the no-load opening degree after correction is 6s, this is expressed by the following equation.

5=Nr-((hh-h')/H)Nr---(5)
H6 Detailed explanation of the invention As a friend, the starting device rIt for a water turbine generator according to the first invention is provided with means for detecting fluctuations in the water level of the spillway, and based on the detection result, the starting opening and the no-load opening are adjusted. The configuration is such that corrections are added to the set values. Therefore, according to the present invention, the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree can be automatically set appropriately without human intervention. This can prevent problems such as inability to start, extended start-up time, or overspeed due to fluctuations in the water level of the spillway.

Furthermore, the starting device for a water turbine generator according to the second invention also includes means for detecting fluctuations in the water level, detects the detection result and fluctuations in the water level of the tailrace, and determines the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree based on the next result. The configuration is such that corrections are made to the degree setting value. Therefore, according to the present invention, even when the water level fluctuates, the opening degree described above can be automatically set appropriately without human intervention, and it is possible to prevent startup failure, extended startup time, or overspeed. You can prevent the following problems from occurring.

In either invention, all necessary arithmetic processing can be performed analogously, and there is no need to use expensive A/D converters and D/A converters. Well, the reference head becomes a constant once the power plant where the starter is installed is determined, so a simple voltage divider can be used as the reference head setter, consisting of a resistor or an operational amplifier. Therefore, the device can be constructed at a very low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the first invention;
The figure is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the second invention, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a conventional starting bag a+. 1... Standard head setting device, 2... Tailrace water level setting device,
3... Spillway water level detector, 4, 7.10, 11.3
6... Subtractor, 5... Divider, 6... Multiplier, 8
... Water level setting device, 9... Water level detector, 31...
- Opening degree control device, 32... Opening degree detector, 33... Speed governor,... Starting opening degree setter, 35... 1f setting i during no load, MSI, MS2. Sl. S2...Switch.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a starting device for a water turbine generator that sets the opening degree of a guide vane based on an opening degree setting signal outputted by an opening degree setting means, a water level detection means for detecting the water level of a spillway; A starting device for a water turbine generator, comprising a calculation means for correcting the opening degree setting signal based on a water level detection result. (2) A starter device for a water turbine generator that sets the opening degree of the guide vane based on the opening degree setting signal outputted by the opening degree setting means, comprising: a first water level detection means for detecting the water level of the spillway; and a reservoir or a second water level detection means for detecting the water level of the regulating pond; and a calculation means for correcting the opening degree setting signal based on the water level detection results by the first water level detection means and the second water level detection means. A starting device for a water turbine generator, comprising: