JPS63234A - Sorting control device in combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a grain sorting control device for a threshing device in a combine harvester.

[Conventional technology]

The processing objects such as paddy and grains threshed in the handling chamber of the threshing device of the combine are sorted as soon as they leak through the fins of the chaff sheave in the swinging sorting mechanism installed below the handling chamber. The grains and straw waste are separated by specific gravity using the sorting air from the winnowing fan placed at the bottom, and while the grains as fine grains are collected in the first gutter, the second grains such as grains attached to branches and stalks are reduced. Collect things in the second gutter, and use the second reduction thrower.
The waste is then returned to the treatment chamber via the No. 2 reduction cylinder for reprocessing.

In this case, the amount of grains threshed in the threshing device is approximately proportional to the forward speed of the combine harvester, and the amount of grain sorted in the threshing device is determined by the number of revolutions of the handling drum and the swing provided below the handling chamber. It varies depending on the magnitude of the fin angle of the chaff sheave in the sorting mechanism and the magnitude of its oscillating vibration.

In performing such sorting control, the present applicant previously disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 60-168349 that the grain sorting throughput is detected and the sorting throughput is set based on this detection result. means for automatically controlling the fin angle of the chaff sheave; and means for changing the fin angle in the automatic control means in response to the detection result of the traveling speed of the combine harvester body so as to achieve a set sorting throughput. proposed a new configuration.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

By the way, in the above-described prior art, a control range is set that is limited by the maximum and minimum values of the sorting throughput depending on the type of rice or wheat that is being processed, and this control range is set at high, medium, or high running speeds.
Change settings to increase or decrease as appropriate depending on the type of low speed. On the other hand, for the inclination angle of the fins of the chaff sieve, the maximum and minimum values are set in advance according to the type of rice and wheat, and the set value (set at the start of automatic adjustment) according to the type of high, medium, and low running speed is set in advance. The inclination angle of the fin is set in advance, and after the vehicle speed is changed, the inclination angle of the fin is immediately set to the inclination angle of the set value, and thereafter, while the vehicle speed is maintained, the sorting process is performed. The inclination angle of the fins is controlled so that the amount is within an appropriate range.

However, immediately after the vehicle speed is changed, the influence of the husk cut by the previous vehicle speed remains from the reaping pre-processing section to the threshing device, so the fin inclination angle is adjusted to the control range under the changed speed. Immediately changing the fin inclination angle will result in poor sorting, and the setting value of the fin inclination angle that is changed after shifting is the fin inclination angle set at the start of automatic adjustment, and the throughput may be extremely unstable. Since the system assumes the current state, there is also the problem that it is not possible to quickly follow the optimal selection state after shifting.

The present invention solves the above problems and makes it possible to ensure optimal selection control with good followability.

[Failure to solve the problem]

Therefore, in the present invention, a means for detecting the vehicle speed of a combine harvester equipped with a threshing device, a means for detecting a grain sorting throughput in the threshing device, and a means for detecting the vehicle speed detection value and the detected value of the sorting throughput are provided. means for automatically controlling the grain sorting throughput; controlling the grain sorting throughput automatic control means according to the vehicle speed after the speed change until a certain period of time has elapsed after changing the vehicle speed; After a certain period of time has elapsed, the grain sorting throughput automatic control means is controlled in accordance with the detected value of the sorting throughput after the speed change.

[Operation and effect of the invention]

The means for automatically controlling the grain sorting throughput in the present invention includes means for changing the fin angle of the chaff sieve of the oscillating sorting mechanism, means for increasing and decreasing the amplitude of the oscillating sorting mechanism, means for increasing and decreasing the rotation speed of the winnowing fan, There is an increase or decrease in the amount of secondary reduction due to an increase or decrease in the rotational speed of the secondary reduction thrower, and there is automatic control of one of these means or simultaneous automatic control of a plurality of means.

Then, when the vehicle speed is changed in performing automatic control to increase or decrease the grain sorting throughput so that the grain sorting throughput becomes the optimum value based on the detection result of the grain sorting throughput of the threshing device. , instead of immediately changing the automatic sorting control means to the control range after the speed change, - for a certain period of time (the husk that was harvested immediately before the change in vehicle speed is threshed, and the grains leak into the swinging sorting mechanism). The amount of grain to be sorted is controlled according to the detection result of the actual amount of grain sorted before the change.
Sorting is controlled under appropriate control conditions based on the vehicle speed detection value, and culms cut after changing the vehicle speed are controlled under the control conditions after changing the vehicle speed. This has the effect that sorting control can quickly follow changes in the amount of shell culms taken in due to changes in vehicle speed.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment. The illustrated combine harvester 1 has a pre-reaping treatment section 4 that is movable up and down in front of a machine body 3 equipped with running rollers 2. The husk culm is sent to the foot chain 6 of the threshing device 5 mounted on the machine body 3 via the husk culm conveying device, and after being threshed and sorted by the threshing device 5, it is packed into bags via the hoisting cylinder 7.

The operating section 8 on the front side of the machine body 1 includes a main shift lever 9 for changing the vehicle speed of the machine body, an auxiliary shift lever lO, and a reaping clutch 11 for transmitting power to the reaping pre-processing section 4 during reaping work. There is a sensor S1 that detects ON/OFF,
Further, in front of the threshing device 5, a shell culm sensor S2 is arranged to detect when the cut husks are being conveyed.

The main shift lever 9 can be manually shifted, and the vehicle speed can be increased or decreased via a transmission corresponding to the shift position.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the threshing device 5. A handling barrel 13 is arranged in the handling chamber 12 of the threshing device 5 so that its rotating shaft 14 is in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. A handling cylinder rotation sensor 33 is provided to detect the rotation speed.

A crimp net 15 is stretched inside the processing chamber at the lower part of the processing chamber 1 except for the dust exhaust port.

Reference numeral 16 indicates a swinging sorting mechanism disposed along the front-back direction below the handling cylinder I3, and the swinging sorting mechanism 16 includes a feed pan 17 provided between the front part and a feed pan 17 provided between the rear part thereof. Consisting of a node line 18 and a chaff sheave 19 provided between them,
The swing sorting mechanism 16 is configured to swing back and forth in the same direction as the axis of the handling cylinder 13 by a drive means (not shown).

The fins 20 in the chaff sheave 19 are made of narrow plates that are elongated substantially at right angles to the swinging direction, and the lower portions of the left and right ends of each fin 20, which are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals, are rotatable by connecting rods 21. A push-pull wire cable 23 connected to an arm 22 whose upper portion is pivotally connected to a machine frame (not shown) and which moves the connecting rod 21 back and forth is linked to the fin angle changing mechanism 24.

The fin angle changing mechanism 24 can be manually operated by an operating lever 25, and can also be forcibly driven by a drive motor M1, so that the inclination angle of the fins 20 can be adjusted. Furthermore, the fin angle changing mechanism 24 is provided with a potentiometer 26 that is a means for detecting the inclination angle (i) of the fin 20 with respect to the horizontal.

The sorting air from the winnowing fan 27 provided at the lower part of the swing sorting mechanism 5 passes through the 19 chaff sheaves upward and diagonally backward.

At the rear of the chaff sieve 19, there is a dust removal fan 2 at the tip.
A nodal line 18 extending in the direction of 8 is provided.

A first receiving jifi 29 with a first screw conveyor is disposed behind the Karachi fan 27, and a second receiving gutter 30 with a second reducing screw conveyor is disposed behind it. It passes through the cylinder 7 and is discharged into a bag.

A second reduction thrower is provided at the shaft end of the screw conveyor of the second receiving gutter 30, and a second rotation sensor S4 is provided, and the second reducing object is transported from the second receiving gutter 30 into the handling chamber 12. A second reduction cylinder 31 for reduction is provided.

The second reduction cylinder 31 is provided with a second reduction sensor 32 such as an ultrasonic sensor consisting of a transmitter and a receiver,
The ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmitter are reflected by the second reduction target in the second reduction cylinder 31, and the flow rate of the target is increased (
By utilizing the fact that the amount of reflection of the emitted wave increases proportionally as the temperature increases, the flow rate of the second reduction target material in the second reduction cylinder 3I is detected per unit time.

2 and 4 are circuit diagrams of a control device 33 using a microcomputer, which includes an input/output interface 34. It is composed of a RAM 36° ROM 37 and a central control section 38.

The input section of the input/output interface 34 includes a safety switch 39 that is linked to the key switch 35 and the main clutch 45 and turns on when stepped on, and a sorting switch 40 that turns on when controlling grain sorting such as fin angle. A grain selection switch 41 that changes the selective processing capacity depending on whether the processed material is rice or wheat. A threshing switch 42 that is turned on when the clutch to the threshing section is in an engaged state. Reaping pre-processing section 4
The reaping switch 43 is turned ON when the reaping latch 11 is in the engaged state. When the shell culm is transported toward the threshing device 5, the shell culm sensor S2 senses and turns on the transport switch 44. A pulse input electromagnetic pink-up type vehicle speed sensor 46 that detects the vehicle speed by placing it close to the gear of the transmission, which changes the vehicle speed by switching the main shift lever 9 or the auxiliary shift lever 1, and detects its rotational speed.
A second reduction sensor 32 for detecting the second reduction amount, which inputs pulses depending on the size of the second reduction amount. No. 2 rotation sensor S4 which inputs pulses of the rotation speed of the screw conveyor of the No. 2 receiving gutter 30 using an electromagnetic pickup. The inputs of potentiometers 26 that detect the inclination angle of the fins 20 due to the rotation of the operating lever 25 in the fin angle changing mechanism 24 and the rotation of the drive motor M1 are connected to each input.

Further, an electromagnetic solenoid 50.51 for driving the drive motor M1 in the fin angle changing mechanism 24 in forward and reverse rotation is connected to the output section of the input/output interface 34, and the RAM 36. Microcomputer check L that checks the operation of ROM37 and lights up if it is normal.
ED54. A selection check LED 56 that lights up when there is no detected value of the return amount or when there is no output from the potentiometer 26 indicating the position of the operating lever 25. A sorting lamp 57 that lights up when both the sorting switch 40 and the threshing switch 42 are turned on. A second reduction alarm lamp 58 that lights up when there is no output from the second reduction sensor 32 or when the amount of second reduction continues to be excessive or small for a certain period of time (the sorting lamp 57 also flashes at this time), the threshing switch 4
2, reaping switch 43, and culm sensor S2 are each turned on.
When the safety switch 39 is in the OFF state, an alarm buzzer 59 which sounds when the vehicle speed comes to a stop state is connected to each of them.

With this configuration, the combine harvester moves forward at an appropriate speed, and the cut culm is transferred to the foot chain 6.
The material to be processed leaks from the crimp net 15 and is placed on the chaff sieve 19 in the swinging sorting mechanism 16, where it is shaken and sorted. The particles are sorted by the wind from the fan 27, and the fine grains fall first into the receiving gutter 29.

Grain mixed with straw waste is sent to the pupil side 1B and further subjected to rocking sorting, and light straw waste and dust are discharged outside the machine from the dust exhaust fan 28, while the specific gravity of grains with branches and stalks etc. The larger ones fall into the second receiving trough 30, are sent to the second reducing thrower via the screw conveyor, are discharged again into the handling chamber 12 via the second reducing cylinder 31, and are subjected to threshing action.

At this time, if the flow rate of the material to be processed in the second reduction cylinder 31 is large, the total amount of material to be processed in the handling chamber 12 will increase, resulting in an overload on the handling cylinder 13, and the threshing action will be reduced. Otherwise, the sorting action in the swinging sorting mechanism 16 below it also becomes incomplete.

Therefore, the second reduction? The flow rate per unit time of the processed material in @31 is detected by the second reduction sensor 32, and the result is used for sorting process control, and the rotation speed of the handling cylinder is detected by the handling cylinder rotation sensor S3. The threshing process is controlled by detecting this and increasing or decreasing the vehicle speed.

That is, when the flow rate of the material to be processed in the second reducing tube 31 increases, the fins 20 in the swing sorting mechanism 16 are raised to increase the amount of grains falling toward the first receiving gutter, and On the other hand, when the flow rate of the material to be processed is low, the number of vibrations and the vibration amplitude of the oscillating sorting mechanism 16 are increased to increase the oscillating sorting effect.

In this embodiment, the control device 33 manually determines the vehicle speed, and automatically controls the selection control such as raising and lowering the inclination angle of the fins 20 in the swinging selection mechanism 16.

Next, the operation of sorting control when controlling the inclination angle of the fins 20 in the swing sorting mechanism 16 will be described.

The position of the operating lever 25 will be shown below, and its different positions will be shown by subscripts, in which case different values will be taken for rice and wheat.

■At startup: When the threshing switch 422 and the sorting switch 40 are activated, the fin change is performed using the drive motor M1 of the operating lever 25 in the structure 24.
is continuously driven, and the stop position of the operating lever 25 is set to rice, rice, etc.
Ll corresponding to the grain changeover switch 41 depending on the type of wheat
shall be.

However, after the threshing switch 42 is turned on, the sorting switch 40
is ON, the reaping switch 43 and the husk sensor S2 are ON, the safety switch 39 is OFF, and only after T1 seconds have elapsed since the husk sensor S2 was turned on, the stop position of the operating lever 25 is set to the vehicle speed, rice, or wheat. The setting position at the start of control corresponding to the grain changeover switch 41 according to the type of grain is set to 2.

When the safety switch 39 is OFF and T1 seconds after the sorting switch 40, threshing switch 42, reaping switch 43, and culm sensor S2 are all ON, the operating lever 25 is moved to the L3 position (by the drive motor M1). After continuously moving to and holding this position for 12 seconds, the sorting control system is entered.

The initial value of L3 in this case is the above-mentioned L2.

However, if the sorting switch 40 is turned on after T1 seconds have passed since the threshing switch 42, reaping switch 43, and culm sensor S2 are turned on, the operating lever 25 is immediately and continuously moved to the L2 position (by the drive motor M1). After holding this position for 12 seconds, it enters the sorting control state.

■ Sorting control state: In the sorting control state, the drive motor M1 of the operating lever 25 is driven intermittently based on the input from the second reduction sensor 32. Therefore, the operating lever 25 moves in the direction of increasing or decreasing by the interval ΔL. This ΔL corresponds to the movement angle Δi of the inclination angle (i) of the fin 20, which will be described later.

In this sorting control state, the potential of the potentiometer 26 corresponding to the position of the operating lever 25 is compared every time a certain period of time has elapsed, and when the difference becomes equal to or greater than an appropriately determined potential difference, before the certain period of 76 seconds has elapsed. It is determined whether there is an output of the drive motor M1 that matches the potential fluctuation, and if there is no output, it is determined that manual operation is required. If manual operation is determined, the sorting control operation is not performed for a fixed time T7 seconds after the operation lever 25 is stopped. It doesn't work.

In addition, in the sorting control state, when the operating lever 25 is moved out of the control range by manual operation, the operating lever 25 is moved until it falls within the upper or lower limit of the automatic control range along with the above-mentioned manual operation. The drive motor M1 is continuously driven so as to return .

In the sorting control, when the position of the operating lever 25 is at the upper limit of the control range and the input from the second reduction sensor 32 exceeds a certain value, and this continues for T9 seconds, the second reduction alarm lamp 58 is lit and the sorting is started. The lamp 57 is made to blink.

This release is performed when the input value of the second reduction sensor 32 is below a certain value, when the vehicle speed is decelerated, when the operating lever 25 is manually operated to increase the inclination angle of the fin 20, etc.

Note that even by manual operation of the operating lever 25, the second reduction warning lamp 58 is lit again when the input from the second reduction sensor continues to be at or above a certain value for a certain period of time.

Also, the safety switch 39 is turned OFF, the threshing switch 42, the reaping switch 43, and the culm sensor S2 are all turned ON, and the reaping switch 43 or the culm sensor S2 is turned ON, whichever is slower. If the input from the second reduction sensor S2 remains below a certain value for a certain period of time after a certain period of time has elapsed, the second reduction alarm lamp 58 lights up.

■Relationship between change in vehicle speed and fin angle change mechanism 24: In the sorting control state, when the vehicle speed is manually changed, a predetermined time Tα seconds (from the time the culm is cut) starts from the change in vehicle speed. , the time required for the threshed grains of the husks to reach the rocking sorting mechanism 5), the operation lever 25 is
is moved to the position L2 of the operating lever 25 corresponding to the vehicle speed. After holding this position 2 for 12 seconds, it enters the sorting control state. In this case, the vehicle speed may be changed by either the main shift lever 9 or the auxiliary shift lever 10.

An example of this control is expressed by the inclination angle (i) of the fin 20.
The result is as shown in FIG.

In the flowchart of FIG. 5, first, the vehicle speed sensor 46 detects a shift, whether the vehicle speed is increased or decreased, and if a shift is determined and a certain period of time (Tα) seconds has not elapsed, Since the inclination angle (i) is in the state before the single speed change, it will be selectively controlled under the control conditions before the single speed change.

In addition, after determining whether a certain period of time (Tα) seconds has elapsed since it was determined that the gear is being shifted, the inclination angle (i) is changed to (i
+Δi), and during deceleration, the inclination angle (i) is replaced with (i
-Δi) and then enters the normal sorting control state.

At this time, the amount of variation in the inclination angle (i) of the fin 20 is as follows.

For example, when the single speed is low, the range of sorting control based on the inclination angle of the fin 20 is between the maximum value (θ1) and the minimum value (θ2) with respect to the horizontal, and the median value (θ0) of the control
is (θ1+θ2)/2. In addition, when the single speed is high, the range of sorting control based on the inclination angle of the fins 20 is
It is between the maximum value (θ3) and the minimum value (θ4), and the median value (θ0') of the control is (θ3+θ4)/2. Here, it is assumed that θ3>θ1 and θ4>θ2.

Then, when the speed is increased from low speed to high speed, the inclination angle (i) is the median value of the control range after the speed change (00')
The inclination angle of the fin 20 is forcibly changed by the above Δi so that the set value inclination angle (i) becomes (i+Δi)
It is replaced with .

On the other hand, when shifting from high speed to low speed, the fin 20 is forcibly changed so that the inclination angle (+) comes to the median value (θO) of the control range in the low speed state, and the set value inclination angle (i) is changed to (
i−Δi).

In this way, when changing the sorting control such as the inclination angle of the fin 20 to within the control range according to the size of the sorted amount such as the second reduction amount after changing the single speed, the control is performed for a certain period of time, that is, the single speed Immediately after the change, the selection control is performed at an appropriate inclination angle within the control range according to the single speed before the change, so the culms cut at the speed before the change can be subjected to selection control according to that speed. After that, by forcibly changing the inclination angle so that it is within the control range after shifting, changes in the selection amount such as the secondary reduction amount can be predicted and followed in advance.
The followability in sorting control performance can be improved.

Additionally, if the inclination angle (1) of the fin 20 is forcibly changed to the median value of the sorting control range after changing the speed, both the movement to the maximum value side and the movement to the minimum value side will be performed in an unreasonably short time. This improves control followability.

FIG. 6 shows a modified example developed from the embodiment shown in FIG.
In the sorting control state, after the single speed is changed, - fixed time (Tα) (time from when the culm is harvested until the threshed grains of the grain culm reach the rocking sorting mechanism 5) This corresponds to the control when there is a speed change again before the elapse of (hereinafter the same)), and the single speed change (V
l to V2), then from the first single speed change (Tα
) seconds have elapsed, the inclination angle (i) of the fin 20 is changed to the appropriate control angle (11) corresponding to the single speed (■1) after the first speed change, and then the second single speed change ( Vl
After an appropriate time (Tα2 - time to change from single speed ■1 to single speed v2) seconds has elapsed, the appropriate control angle (1
2).

This allows the fins to
By preventing the change in the zero tilt angle from changing suddenly from the angle before the first gear change to the last angle, it is possible to improve the followability of sorting that accompanies a change in single speed.

FIG. 7 shows that in the sorting control state, after the single speed is changed once, the threshed grains of the shell culm reach the oscillating sorting mechanism 5 for a fixed period of time (from when the shell culm is harvested). This corresponds to the time from VO to vl.
) to change the single speed again before the fixed time (Tα) seconds have elapsed (
If there is a change (from Vl to ■2), the control shown in Fig. 6 is entered, but if the changed single speed is the original (■0), sorting control is performed under the control conditions corresponding to the first single speed. We will make sure that this is done.

When the vehicle speed fluid temporarily decelerates due to a turning signal during automatic steering control of a combine harvester, it will return to the original vehicle speed fluid in a short period of time, so it is important to improve the followability of the sorting control in response to vehicle speed fluid fluctuations when such conditions change. , can be achieved by the above control.

Furthermore, it is possible to cope with changes in the vehicle speed fluid caused by so-called gear slippage when changing the vehicle speed fluid, and to prevent selection failures due to erroneous detection of the vehicle speed fluid.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a combine harvester, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a threshing device, Fig. 3 is a main part diagram of a fin angle changing mechanism, and Fig. 4 is a circuit of a control device. 5 is a flowchart of sorting control, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart of still another embodiment. 5... Threshing device, 9... Main gear shift lever, 10...
... Sub-shift lever, 13... Handling cylinder, 16...
Oscillating sorting mechanism, 19... Chaff sieve, 20...
・Fin, 24...Fin angle changing mechanism, 25...
...Operation lever, 26...Potentiometer, 29
....- No. receiving tank, 30... No. 2 receiving gutter, Ml...
・Drive motor, 31...Second reduction cylinder, 32...
Second reduction sensor, 33...control device, 50.51
...Electromagnetic solenoid, 39..Safety switch, 40..Selection switch, 43..Reaping switch. Patent applicant Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A means for detecting the vehicle speed of a combine harvester equipped with a threshing device, a means for detecting a grain sorting throughput in the threshing device, and a means for detecting the grain sorting throughput in the threshing device; and a means for automatically controlling the amount of grain sorting throughput, and the means for automatically controlling the amount of grain sorting is controlled according to the vehicle speed after the speed change until a certain period of time has elapsed after changing the speed of the vehicle, and the means for automatically controlling the amount of grain sorting is A sorting control device for a combine harvester, characterized in that the grain sorting throughput automatic control means is controlled in accordance with the detected value of the sorting throughput after the speed change.