JPS63240101A - Microwave circuit device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the unbalance between a circulator and a microwave circuit completely by mounting a circuit board formed with a microwave circuit pattern to a common ground conductor plate of plural circulators so as to incorporate the board in a microwave circuit device where the circulators are connected to an input section. CONSTITUTION:In providing multi-stage type circulators constituting the microwave circuit device, two sets of a 1st discoid ferrites 23 opposed to each other are provided onto a lower face ground conductor plate 21, and a center conductor 22 of the strip line shape branched into three as a Y-shape is inserted inbetween. Moreover, a common ground conductor 24 is provided on the ferrites 23 and bonded with and disk shaped ferrite 26 having a center conductor 25 branched into Y-shaped three branches similarly to the ferrites 23. Furthermore, an upper face ground conductor 27 is provided onto the ferrite 26, a couple of magnets 28 for excitation are arranged on and under the conductor 27, and the conductor 22 and the ferrites 23 constitute an output side circulator 26, and the conductor 25 and the ferrite 26 constitute an input side circulator 30.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a microwave circuit device configured by arranging circulators at the input and output of a microwave circuit, respectively. (Prior art) In microwave amplifiers, in order to reduce the adverse effects of reflected waves from the load connected to the output side, an isolator terminated with one of the three-terminal circulators, a Gunn diode or an Impatt Separate input and output, as seen in negative resistors using diodes, or separate transmitted and received waves as seen in radar equipment.
A circulator is used to When circulators (or isolators) are used, several circulators may be cascaded when greater isolation characteristics are required. Also, when separating two signal waves traveling in opposite directions,
In order to bring out the full performance of the circulator, an isolator may be added and connected in cascade. In addition, although phased array antennas have been widely used in recent years, it is common practice to connect isolators and circulators in front of each antenna element to protect and stabilize the transmitter Joule and to separate transmitting and receiving functions. It is carried out according to FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit using an isolator and a circulator in a phased array antenna. As is well known, in a phased array antenna, antenna elements 1 are closely arranged, but the biggest problem in this case is the parts attached to the antenna elements 1, such as the circulator 2, etc. The weight and shape of the isolator 3 and other units. That is, since a large number of antenna elements are arranged closely, f! Even a slight increase in size can have a big impact on the overall antenna. Conversely, reducing the weight and dimensions of each element and each component can result in a significant downsizing of the entire antenna. Against this background, various improvements have been made to the shape of the circulator. For example, a three-dimensional configuration may be considered, but since there are restrictions on the shape of the antenna in duplexers with isolators for 13 transmitting/receiving modules incorporated in active electronic scanning antenna systems, a three-dimensional configuration is preferable. preferable. Figure 8 shows a conventional example in which two 3-port circulators (A, B) are connected by m-length, in which the circulators (Δ, B) are stacked in two stages and one port of each circulator is connected. are connected by a cable 5 to form a 4-boat circulator. Further, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line Δ-A in FIG. 8. As shown in Fig. 9, circulators A and circulators B are similar to those conventionally used, and each has two disk-shaped ferrite sheets (A-6, 8-6) facing each other.
), and a ferrite (A-7, 8-7) is provided between the two ferrite sheets (A-6゜8-6).
A ground conductor plate (A-9, 8-9) in which a magnet (A-8, 8-8) that magnetizes 6, [3-6) is embedded is provided. Further, a magnetic shield plate <A-10, 8-10) is provided outside the ground conductor plate (A-9, 8-9). A four-boat circulator with such a three-dimensional structure is simply two
By simply stacking two circulators (A, B), the thickness of the circulator is twice that of the conventional one, and it is not possible to downsize the circulator. Furthermore, since a cable is used, the characteristics of the three-dimensional structure cannot be fully utilized in terms of shape and dimensions. Furthermore, when adjusting the characteristics of the four-boat circulator, it is necessary to adjust each connected circulator individually, which takes time and effort. Furthermore, if a cable mismatch occurs at the connection part, it is impossible to correct this, so the input and output reflection characteristics of the cable to be used must be carefully examined. Another disadvantage is that each circulator must be of high performance with a small input/output VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio). On the other hand, when connecting a filter circuit to an amplifier, etc., an isolator is added to the input and output of the filter circuit, and the VSWR
often aims to expand the area. In other words, filter circuits usually have narrowband characteristics, and VSW outside the narrow passband
R is almost infinite. Therefore, if a filter is directly connected to an r# circuit such as an amplifier that is easily affected by impedance outside the band of the circuit connected to the input/output, especially a circuit with nonlinear characteristics, oscillation (especially snorious oscillation) may occur. ) may occur or operation may become unstable. Therefore, it is necessary to add an isolator to the input/output section of the filter circuit. Conventionally, the structure of such a filter circuit device is as shown in FIG. 15 for connection. The configuration of such a filter circuit device has a poor balance between the sizes of the isolator and the filter, making it difficult to downsize the device. It is difficult to create a rough three-dimensional structure, and the overall space utilization rate is poor. In addition, in order to prevent the characteristics from deteriorating due to each connection, the characteristics of each isolator must be extremely good, and the isolators must be individually adjusted in advance to achieve high performance. It takes time and effort. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in the conventional microwave circuit device configured by connecting a circulator to the input/output section, the microwave power VB'! Equipment aI! I set line':'E ・If 5,
Adjustment becomes complicated because each circulator must be adjusted and each connecting cable may be misadjusted. Furthermore, due to the unbalance in size between the circulator and other components of the microphone (1-wave circuit), the microwave circuit device becomes large in size. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a microwave circuit device that is small and easy to adjust. [Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Invention) In order to solve the above object, the present invention provides a ferrite with a center conductor on the opposing surface between each of a plurality of ground conductor plates. A magnet is installed to magnetize the ferrite.

[By attaching a circuit board with a microphone [] wave circuit pattern formed thereon to the common ground conductor plate of the circulator, connect one boat in each center conductor to the microwave circuit pattern. This constitutes a microwave circuit device in which a circulator is connected to the input/output section. (Function) In the microwave circuit device having the above configuration, the microwave circuit board is attached to the common ground conductor of the circulator connected to its input and output, so that no imbalance occurs between the circulator and the microwave circuit board. It is possible to realize miniaturization of the microwave circuit device. In addition, since the adjustment of each number regulator is performed on the microwave circuit board connected to the generator, there is no need to make individual adjustments as in the past, making it easier to adjust the microwave circuit device. . (Embodiment) Below, as an embodiment of the microwave circuit device of the present invention, an example of a multi-stage reelerator will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG.
Curator (j) Two first disc-shaped ferrites 23 facing each other are provided on the lower ground conductor number 21, and the ferrite 2
A strip line type center conductor 2 with a Y-shaped branch between 3
In addition, a common ground conductor plate 24 is provided on this fluorite 23, and on this common ground conductor plate 24, a Y-shaped three-branched strip similar to the first disk-shaped ferrite 23 is provided. It has a line-shaped central conductor 25, and two 12 disc-shaped ferrites facing each other are provided.Furthermore, an upper ground conductor plate 27 is provided on this ferrite 26.1.
A pair of magnets 28 for excitation are installed on the outer surfaces of the lower ground conductor plate 21 and the lower ground conductor plate 27 where the ferrite (<23.26) is not provided. That is, an output-side circulator 29 is composed of a center conductor 22 and a ferrite 23, and an input-side circulator 30 is composed of a center conductor 25 and a ferrite 26. Furthermore, one end of the Y-shaped branched center conductor 25 of the input side circulator 30 and one end of the Y-shaped three-branched center conductor 22 of the two output side circulators are connected to a high-frequency circuit board having an adjustment circuit pattern, respectively. 31, the input side circulator 30 and the output side circulator 29 are connected. Note that this circuit board 31 is fixed to the side surface of the common ground conductor plate 24 with screws, etc., and a ground conductor plate (not shown) formed on the back side of the circuit board 31 is electrically connected to the common ground conductor plate 24. are doing. That is, the common ground conductor plate 24 also serves as a ground conductor for the circuit board 31. In addition, the Y-carved branched center conductor (25,
22), the other end not connected to the circuit board 31 is the input terminal 3
2 or output terminal 33. The multi-stage circulator having the above structure has two circulators arranged three-dimensionally and an adjustment circuit provided between the circulators. This multistage circulator has the following features. Two circi” raters (2
Their impedance in the connection of 9,30>, 1
g1vi can be performed by changing the length and width of an adjustment pattern formed on the circuit board 31. Therefore, there is no need to perform all for each circulator as in the prior art, and the present invention allows easier adjustment than in the prior art, and increases the degree of freedom in adjustment. In addition, since the adjustment circuit can be realized with a MIC board, it can be made smaller, and this miniaturized adjustment circuit! :Since the main plate 31 is attached to the surface of the common ground conductor plate 24 of the two circulators, the space inside the circulator can be used effectively.
It can be stored in a multi-stage curator with a three-dimensional structure. As a result, a compact shape can be realized. In addition, multi-stage circulators are often provided with an outer wall such as a metal plate as shown in Figure 1 for shielding from the outside, but the metal plate 34 for the outer wall can be removed with screws. This does not impair the ease of adjustment of the circulator described above. In addition, in the first embodiment, a multi-stage circulator with two circulators was explained, but a multi-stage circulator with three or more circulators was described.
A multi-stage circulator may be constructed using the circulators shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a multistage circulator constructed by cascading three stages of circulators. As shown in FIG. 2, two common ground conductor plates 44 are provided between the bottom ground conductor plate 41 and the top ground conductor plate 47. 44, top ground conductor plate 47 and common ground conductor plate 4
A pair of opposed first ferrite plates 43. Second ferrite plate 46. and a third 71 light plate 56 are provided. Further, a pair of magnets 48 are provided on the outer surfaces of the lower ground conductor plate 41 and the upper ground conductor plate 47 where the ferrite (43, 56) is not provided. moreover,
Y provided in each ferrite (43, 46, 56)
One end of the carved center conductor (42°45.55) is y
They are respectively connected to a circuit board 51 having a J adjustment circuit pattern. In the multistage circulator having the above configuration, as in the first embodiment, each circulator <49.50°57) can be adjusted by the adjustment circuit pattern formed on the circuit board 51. WAv
can be done easily. Further, since the circuit board 51 is attached to the side surface of the common ground conductor plate 44, a compact shape can be realized. Next, a filter circuit device will be described as a third embodiment of the microwave circuit device of the present invention. , FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the filter circuit device. As shown in FIG. 3, a first ferrite 63. A second ferrite 66 is provided. In addition, Y-carved branched center conductors (62, 65) are provided between the ferrites (63, 66), and the ferrites (63, 65) of the lower ground conductor plate 61 and the upper ground conductor plate 67 are roughly provided. , 66), an output side circulator 69 and an input side circulator 70 are constructed, similar to the embodiment of Wll. Here, one end of the Y-shaped branched center conductor 65 of the input-side circulator 70 and one end of the Y-shaped branched center conductor 62 of the output-side circulator 69 are connected to a filter circuit board on which a filter circuit pattern 78 shown in FIG. 4 is formed. 71. Further, this filter circuit board 71 is fixed to the side surface of the common ground conductor plate 64 with screws or the like, and a ground conductor 79 formed on the back surface of the filter circuit board 71 is electrically connected to the common ground conductor plate 64. . Further, an input connector 72 and a terminating resistor are connected to the other end of the center conductor 65 of the input-side circulator 70 that is not connected to the filter circuit board 71. Similarly, the filter circuit board 7 of the center conductor 62 of the input side curator 69
An output connector 73 and a terminating resistor are connected to the other end not connected to 1. In the filter circuit device configured in this way, when connected to an amplifier or the like, for example, the input side circulator 70 and the output side circulator 69 provided in the front and rear stages of the filter circuit board 71 control the VS outside the band of the filter circuit.
Since the WR can be improved, the operation over 1 m can be stabilized. The filter circuit device having the above structure has the following features. A circulator (69, 70
), it is possible to avoid an unbalanced configuration between the circulator and the filter as in the conventional case, and it is possible to realize a compact filter circuit device. In addition, a circulator (69
, 70) can be easily adjusted on the filter circuit board 71 forming the filter circuit, and can compensate for the deterioration in characteristics due to the connection between the conventional filter and the filter. Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first to third embodiments described above, the multi-layered structure and the m-curator are used, so that the device can be made smaller, but a microwave circuit device that is roughly made smaller will be described. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, in the multistage circulator of FIG. One magnet 39 is embedded in the hole. Here, the buried magnet 39 cannot generate the magnetic field necessary for the operation of the circulator by 1 (1) unless it is increased by the thickness of the pair of magnets 28 shown in FIG. If they are the same, increasing the thickness will reduce the demagnetizing field coefficient, so the increased thickness of the magnet 39 will be thinner than the thickness of the pair of magnets 39 shown in FIG. In this embodiment, each of the ferrite (23,
26) is magnetized by one magnet 39. Therefore, with the above structure, it is possible to downsize the multi-stage circulator and also to reduce the f of the circulator.
f1in can be reduced. Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, two circulators (2
An example of a multi-stage circulator in which the three circulators (9, 30) are three-dimensionally constructed is shown, but as shown in FIG. It is also possible to construct a multistage circulator in which magnets 59 are embedded in the two common ground conductor plates 44, respectively. In addition, the above 4. In the fifth embodiment, an example of a multi-stage circulator is shown, but the present invention can also be applied to the filter circuit device shown in FIG. Further, in the first to fifth embodiments described above, a circuit pattern for adjusting between circulators or a filter circuit pattern is formed as a circuit board fixed to a common ground conductor plate to produce a multistage circulator. Alternatively, although a filter circuit device has been constructed, similar effects can be obtained by applying the present invention to microwave circuits that require circulators for input and output, such as switch circuits and amplifier circuits. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, in a microwave circuit device in which a circulator is connected to a human output section, a circuit board in which a microwave circuit pattern is formed on a common ground conductor plate of a plurality of circulators is provided. Since the circulator and the microwave circuit are attached and integrated, an imbalance between the circulator and the microwave circuit does not occur, and it is possible to downsize the microwave circuit device. Furthermore, there is no need to adjust each individual circulator, making it easier to adjust the microwave circuit device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a multi-stage circulator which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a multi-stage circulator which is an embodiment of the pond of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a multi-stage circulator which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a filter circuit pattern formed on the filter circuit board of FIG. 3, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a phased array antenna made up of circulators, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional multi-stage circulator, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a conventional multi-stage circulator. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a filter circuit device which is a conventional microwave circuit device. 21.41.61... Bottom ground conductor plate, 22.25
, 42.45.55.62.65...Center conductor 23.26.43.46.56,63.66...Flight I

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of ground conductor plates, two opposing ferrites provided between each of the plurality of ground conductor plates, a center conductor provided between the opposing surfaces of the flights, and the ferrite. and a circuit board formed with a microwave circuit pattern connected to one port of each of the center conductors and fixed to a ground conductor sandwiched between the two opposing ferrite sheets. A microwave circuit device featuring: (2) Claim (1) characterized in that the microwave circuit pattern formed on the circuit board is a pattern for an adjustment circuit and constitutes a multi-stage circulator.
Microwave circuit device as described in . (3) The microwave circuit device according to claim (1), wherein the microwave circuit pattern formed on the circuit board is a pattern for a filter circuit, and constitutes a filter circuit. (4) The microwave circuit device according to claim (1), wherein the magnet is embedded in a ground conductor plate sandwiched between two opposing ferrite sheets.