JPS63247497A - Shield excavator for crushing gravel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a shield excavator having a gravel crushing mechanism.

<Prior art> Conventionally, as a shield excavator equipped with a gravel crushing mechanism used for underground pipe propulsion methods, for example,
The one described in Japanese Patent No. 15996 is known. This shield excavator is equipped with a conical cone member that is rotatably attached to the front end of the shield body and whose diameter increases toward the rear. The cone is formed into a conical recess with a small diameter, and the cone is eccentrically rotated to feed and crush gravel between the outer peripheral surface of the cone and the recess of the hood.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the conventional shield excavator described above, gravel enters the annular space with a V-shaped cross section that expands toward the front end formed by the outer peripheral surface of the cone member and the recessed part of the hood. However, unless the shield excavator is always pushed forward to absorb the reaction force on the face ground, the drawback is that the gravel will fly forward and cannot be crushed efficiently. In addition, while the cone member is rotating, the cone member is eccentrically rotated as described above in order to prevent the gravel that has entered the annular space from co-rotating, but the effect of preventing co-rotation is still sufficient. However, it has the disadvantage of poor crushing efficiency. Furthermore, if the shield excavator is always pressed forward, there is a problem that the annular space is filled with gravel, and a large torque is required to rotate the cone member, or rotation stops due to insufficient torque.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator that can reliably and efficiently crush gravel without constantly pushing the shield excavator forward.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the shield excavator for crushing gravel of the present invention is supported on a bulkhead in a shield shell, has a cutter at the front end, and has a drive device at the rear. A truncated cone-shaped cone member whose diameter gradually increases toward the partition wall is attached to the front of the partition wall of the rotating shaft to be rotated, while the hood portion of the shielding acid facing the outer circumferential surface of the cone member is attached to the hood portion of the shield acid. A truncated cone-shaped opening surface that gradually becomes smaller in diameter toward the partition wall is formed, and a protruding blade plate is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the cone member or the opening surface of the hood portion approximately along the generatrix of these surfaces. It is characterized by what it did.

<Operation> When the cone member is rotated by the drive device and the shield acid is advanced to excavate gravel ground, the shield acid spreads toward the front end between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cone member and the opening surface of the hood section facing it. Gravel enters the annular space with a V-shaped cross section.

The gravel that has entered is rotated without excessive co-rotation by the action of the rotating cone member and the blades protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the cone member or the opening surface of the hood part, while being rotated by the outer hood part. Large particles are crushed by being caught between the opening surface and sent along the opening surface to a narrow gap at the rear, where they are crushed into fine particles as they pass through this gap.

Note that if the blade plate is formed to have a T-shaped cross section toward the front end, for example, it is possible to prevent gravel that has entered the annular space from flying out forward. Moreover, the outer peripheral surface of the said cone member.

By appropriately providing linear overlay protrusions on the surface of the opening surface of the hood and by making the cross section of the cone member circular, the gravel that has entered can be crushed more effectively.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to illustrated embodiments.

1 and 2 are an axial sectional view and a front view showing an embodiment of a shield excavator for crushing gravel, and l is a leading pipe 1.
A shielding acid formed by connecting a and the trailing pipe 1b; 2 a partition wall fitted and fixed to the flange 30 at the front end of the leading pipe 1a;
3 is a bearing fixed to the center of this partition wall 2, 4 is this bearing 3
A rotary shaft 7 is coaxially attached to the front end of the rotary shaft 4 and is rotated by a drive motor 6 via a reducer 5 installed in the shield shell l behind the bulkhead 2. A truncated cone-shaped cone 8 whose diameter gradually increases toward 2 is fixed at a radially symmetrical position on the outer peripheral surface of this cone 7 so as to protrude along the generatrix line, and has a T-shaped cross section toward the tip. Feather plate having, 9,9. . . . is a cutter that protrudes from a cutter plate 10 fixed to the tip of the blade plate 8 and excavates the ground; 11 has the same outer diameter as the leading pipe 1a and covers the cone 7 and the blade plate 8. 12 is the hood I fixed to the flange 30 as shown in FIG.
There is a gap Dr between the vane plate 8 and the cone 7 on the inner circumference of +.

D (see FIG. 3) is a hollow opening surface in the shape of a truncated cone that gradually becomes smaller in diameter toward the partition wall 2.

In addition, 13 is a direction correction in which the rod tip 13a is connected to the leading pipe 1a via a reinforcing member 14, and the group II 3b is fixed to the inner periphery of the trailing pipe 1b, and three units are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. 15 is a water pipe that supplies water to the annular space 16 surrounded by the rear end of the opening surface 12 and the partition wall 2; 17 is a mud drainage pipe that discharges muddy water containing excavated soil from the annular space 16; 18 is attached to the rotating shaft 4, and the annular space 16
This is a stirring blade that stirs the muddy water inside.

FIGS. 3(a), 3(b), and 3(C) are an axial sectional view and a front view showing details of the tip portion of the above embodiment.

The cone 7 having a truncated conical shape is connected to the rotating shaft 3 (the first (see figure), and on the outer peripheral surface 7b, linear projections 22, 22, . are a pair of quadrangular pyramid-shaped portions 8a that protrude from both sides of the outer circumferential surface 7b of the cone 7 in a substantially normal direction, respectively, as shown in FIG. 3(a), and expand toward the tip as shown in FIG. 3(b); 8a are connected by a small-diameter columnar part 8b at the center, and on the surface of each quadrangular pyramid-shaped IE 8a, linear protrusions 23, 23, extending in the normal direction are formed.
- are formed by overlay welding at appropriate intervals. A cutter plate IO having a shape as shown in FIG. , and eight cutters 9 are provided protruding around the periphery. The hollow opening surface 12 in the shape of a truncated cone has linear protrusions 25, 25. ... are formed by overlay welding at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, while providing a plurality of water supply ports 26 connected to the annular space 16 through a conduit (not shown) at the rear end, and a plurality of water fountains near the tip. There are 27.

The operation of the shield excavator for crushing gravel with the above configuration will be described below.

Pipe body 28 (first
(see figure) to propel the shield shell l forward into the ground, drive the drive motor 6 to rotate the cutter plate 10 of the cone 7, and then move forward through the water pipe 15 (see arrow A). Water is supplied to the annular space 16 and the space 29 within the opening surface 12 . As the cutter plate 10 rotates, the earth and sand excavated by the cutters 9°9, . It enters an annular space C with a tapered V-shaped cross section between the two. The gravel that has entered the earth and sand is rotated by the blade plate 8 protruding from the cone 7, so that it does not rotate excessively (moves to the outer opening surface 12, and at this time, large-grained gravel is rotated by the blade plate 8 protruding from the cone 7). The gravel is sandwiched between the opening surface and the outer circumferential surface of the cone and crushed into small-grained gravel, which is then crushed into opening surface 1 along with earth and sand.
2, and the gap between the cone 7 and the opening surface 12.

When passing through, all of the small-sized gravel is crushed into small pieces.

At this time, a large number of protrusions 22 and 25 made of hard metal extending in the generatrix direction are formed on the cone 7 and the opening surface 12, and similar protrusions 23 extending in the normal direction of the cone are formed on the vane plate 8. Therefore, gravel can be crushed easily and quickly. In addition, a pair of quadrangular pyramid-shaped portions 8a of the blade plate 8,
8a expands toward the front, and the cutter plate 10 is fixed to the front end of the cutter plate 10 in a T-shape, so that the earth and sand that enters the annular space C are blocked by these.
Even if the shield shell 1 is not always pressed forward, it will not jump forward. Moreover, the quadrangular pyramid-shaped portion 8d is inclined,
Since the cone 7 rotates and sends the gravel toward the partition wall, the annular space C is not filled with gravel. In this way, the earth and sand containing finely crushed gravel is transported to the annular space 16.
After being mixed and stirred with the supply water by the stirring blades 18, it is discharged outside the mine through the mud discharge pipe 17 (see arrow B).

In addition, when excavating a clay layer or the like, the supply water injected from the fountain 27 of the opening surface 12 melts and fluidizes the clay that is stuck in the gap between the blade plate 8 and the opening surface 12, and reduces the excavation torque. Contributes to mitigation and removal of fixed clay.

Figure No. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view showing details of the tip portion of the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, triangular blade plates 31, 31 are fixed along the generatrix at radially symmetrical positions of the opening surface I2, and the cutter plate 10 is fixed to the truncated top 7a of the cone 7 via the shaft member 30. Except for this point, this embodiment has the same structure as the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the same members are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted. On the surface of the blade plate 3I, there are a large number of protrusions 32, 32. ... are formed by overlay welding, and a similar gap is formed between the cone 7 and the vane plate 31. The operation of the embodiment described above is not essentially different from the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. It is sent backward along the opening surface 12 without co-rotating, and is crushed into small pieces through the gap D2. At this time, the protrusion 22 on the outer peripheral surface of the cone 7
moves relative to the protrusion 32 on the surface of the stationary vane 31, but the effect of crushing the gravel is the same as in FIG. 3.

FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are axial cross-sectional views showing details of the distal end portion of the third embodiment of the present invention. This example is
Triangular co-rotation prevention plates 35a, 35a connected to each other at the center are fixed along the generatrix at radially symmetrical positions of the cone 7, and a protrusion prevention plate 35 is attached to the tip of the cone 7 in a T-shape.
b is fixed to form the vane plate 35, and the protrusion prevention plate 35
This embodiment is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 except that the cutter plate 10 is fixed to b. On the surface of the blade plate 35, a large number of protrusions 36, 36. ...
is formed by overlay welding. The operation of the above embodiment is basically the same as that shown in FIG. 3, and the relative movement between the projection 36 of the blade plate 31 and the projection 25 of the opening surface 12 is the same as that shown in FIG. 4. In this embodiment, since the blade plate 35 is formed in a T-shape, it is possible to effectively prevent dirt and gravel from flying forward from the annular space C having a V-shaped cross section.

FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are similar cross-sectional views of the distal end of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a blade plate 41 protruding approximately in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface is fixed to only one side of the outer peripheral surface 7b of the cone 7 at an angle with respect to the generatrix, and the tip of the blade plate 41 and the truncated end of the cone are fixed. A T-shaped member 40 is fixed over the nape 7a, and a cutter plate lO is attached to this T-shaped member 40.
This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that it is fixed. On the surface of the blade plate 41, a large number of protrusions 42, 42. ...is formed by overlay welding. This embodiment also exhibits the same gravel crushing effect and gravel flying-out prevention effect as in the previous embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 only in that the cross section of the cone 45 is elliptical. In this embodiment, the gap between the cone 45 and the opening surface 12, °, is wide and narrow as shown in the figure, so in addition to the action and effect described in FIG. 3, the gravel is crushed more effectively by the acceleration force. It has the advantage of being possible.

The cones, vanes, and protrusions on the open bottom surface of the above embodiments do not necessarily need to be formed by overlay welding, and may be formed integrally by casting or the like.

Note that the cone member of the present invention is not limited to the strict truncated conical shape as in the above embodiments, but may have a shape such as a rugby ball cut in half, for example.

<Effects of the Invention> As is clear from the above explanation, the shield excavator for crushing gravel of the present invention has a cutting hole at the front end of the rotating shaft supported by the partition wall in the shield shell, which becomes larger in diameter toward the partition wall. While attaching a cone member having a cone-shaped head, a truncated-cone-shaped opening surface that becomes smaller in diameter toward the partition wall is formed in the hood portion of the shielding acid opposite to this, and the outer peripheral surface of the cone member or the opening of the hood portion is formed. Since the blade plates protruding from the surfaces are fixed approximately along the generatrix of these surfaces, rotation is caused in the tapered annular space with a V-shaped cross section formed by the outer peripheral surface of the cone member and the opening surface of the hood. The cutter at the tip of the shaft takes in the excavated gravel, and through the interaction of the rotating cone member and the protruding blades, large-grained gravel is crushed into small-sized gravel, while being rotated appropriately. It can be sent along the opening surface to a narrow gap at the rear, where it can be crushed finely, and the shield excavator can be crushed reliably and efficiently with a small drive torque without constantly pushing the shield excavator forward, including gravel. It has a remarkable effect on ground excavation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are an axial sectional view and a front view showing an embodiment of the shield excavator of the present invention, and Figures 3 (a) and (
b) and (C) are a detailed sectional view and a front view of the tip of the above embodiment, FIG. 4 is a detailed sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5(a) and (b) are 6(a) and 6(b) are detailed sectional views of the fourth embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 7 is a front view of the fifth embodiment of the invention. . 1... Shield shell, 2... Partition wall, 3... Bearing, 4
... Rotating shaft, 6... Drive motor, 7... Cone, tail... Vane plate, 9... Cutter, 10... Cutter plate, 11... Hood, 12... Opening surface. Patent applicant: Okumura Gumi Representative, Co., Ltd.
Patent attorney: Mr. Hajime and 2 others Figure 4 Figure 5 (b) Figure 6 (b) Figure 7

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) In a shield excavator having a partition wall in the shield shell supporting a rotating shaft rotated by a drive device provided at the rear of the partition wall, and a cutter at the front end of the rotating shaft, the rotation in front of the partition wall is A truncated cone-shaped cone member whose diameter gradually increases toward the partition wall is attached to the shaft, while a truncated cone member whose diameter gradually decreases toward the partition wall is attached to the hood portion of the shield shell facing the outer peripheral surface of the cone member. A device for crushing gravel, characterized in that an opening surface in the shape of a conical head is formed, and a protruding blade plate is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the cone member or the opening surface of the hood section approximately along the generatrix of these surfaces. shield excavator. (2) The shield excavator for crushing gravel according to claim 1, wherein the blade plate has a T-shaped cross section toward the tip. (3) The shield excavator for crushing gravel according to claim 1, wherein the blade plate is fixed at an angle with respect to the generatrix. (4) The shield excavator for crushing gravel according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the cone member and the opening surface of the hood portion have linear protrusions extending in the generatrix direction. (5) According to claim 1, the surface of the wing plate has a linear build-up protrusion extending substantially in the normal direction of the outer circumferential surface of the cone member or the opening surface of the hood portion. Shield excavator for crushing gravel as described. (6) Claim 1, wherein the cone member has an elliptical cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
A shield excavator for crushing gravel as described in .