JPS63259068A - Production of hard boron nitride film - Google Patents

Production of hard boron nitride film

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Publication number
JPS63259068A
JPS63259068A JP9370087A JP9370087A JPS63259068A JP S63259068 A JPS63259068 A JP S63259068A JP 9370087 A JP9370087 A JP 9370087A JP 9370087 A JP9370087 A JP 9370087A JP S63259068 A JPS63259068 A JP S63259068A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
boron nitride
film
purity
reactor
hard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP9370087A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mamoru Kobata
護 木幡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tungaloy Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd filed Critical Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd
Priority to JP9370087A priority Critical patent/JPS63259068A/en
Publication of JPS63259068A publication Critical patent/JPS63259068A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a stable hard BN film having superior adhesion on the surface of a heated base body by ionizing high purity B evaporated by heating in a reactor evacuated to high vacuum and by introducing high purity gaseous N2 into the reactor. CONSTITUTION:A reactor is evacuated to such a high degree of vacuum as >=1X10<-7>Torr and the amt. of O2 in the atmosphere is reduced to <=about 1wt.%. High purity B having >=99.9% purity is evaporated by heating with electron beams or the like in the reactor. The resulting B vapor is ionized and accelerated by applying a high frequency electric field or the like. At the same time, high purity gaseous N2 having >=99.999% purity is introduced into the reactor and a base body of W, bronze, Si3N4 ceramics or the like set in the reactor is heated to about 500-1,000 deg.C. Thus, a high density BN-based stable film having superior adhesion to the base body is formed on the surface of the base body to obtain a hard BN film.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、物理蒸着法による高密度窒化ホウ素を主体に
した硬質窒化ホウ素膜の製造方法に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for producing a hard boron nitride film mainly made of high-density boron nitride by physical vapor deposition.

(従来の技術) 物理蒸着法(PVD法)は、大別すると、真空蒸着法、
スパッタリング法又はイオンブレーティング法がある。
(Prior art) Physical vapor deposition (PVD) can be roughly divided into vacuum evaporation,
There is a sputtering method or an ion blating method.

このPVD法により窒化ホウ素の膜を形成させることが
行われている。窒化ホウ素は、大別すると、非晶質窒化
ホウ素又は六方晶窒化ホウ素からなる低密度窒化ホウ素
と、立方晶窒化ホウ素又はウルツ鉱型窒化ホウ素からな
る高密度窒化ホウ素がある。PVD法により窒化ホウ素
の膜を形成する場合、前者の低密度窒化ホウ素でなる膜
は比較的容易に形成させることができるのに対して、後
者の高密度窒化ホウ素でなる膜を形成させることは非常
に困難であるのが現状である。
This PVD method is used to form a boron nitride film. Boron nitride can be broadly classified into low-density boron nitride made of amorphous boron nitride or hexagonal boron nitride, and high-density boron nitride made of cubic boron nitride or wurtzite boron nitride. When forming a boron nitride film using the PVD method, the former low-density boron nitride film can be formed relatively easily, whereas the latter high-density boron nitride film is difficult to form. The current situation is extremely difficult.

PVD法を用いた窒化ホウ素の膜又はその製造方法に関
連したものの代表例としては、特開昭52−82699
号公報及び特開昭58−135111号公報がある。
A representative example of a boron nitride film using the PVD method or related to its manufacturing method is JP-A-52-82699.
There are Japanese Patent Publication No. 135111/1983.

(発明が解決しようとする問題点) 特開昭58−135111号公報は、ホウ素と、該ホウ
素を窒化しうる物質とを別々にして又は混合して、窒素
ガス又はアンモニアガスの少なくとも1種類を含む雰囲
気中ておいて基体に付若させることを特徴とする窒化物
薄膜の形成方法である。この特開昭58−135111
号公報の発明は、ホウ素を窒化しうる物質を含有するこ
とにより潤滑性が高く、#摩耗性や耐食性にすぐれた高
純度の窒化ホウ素膜を形成させることに成功したもので
ある。しかしながら、特開昭58−135111号公報
の方法により得られる窒化ホウ素の膜は、低密度窒化ホ
ウ素からなるものである。低密度窒化ホウ素が潤滑性に
すぐれていることから特開昭58−135111号公報
の方法による膜は、#摩耗性にすぐれているが、軟質で
あるために引掻き状の摩耗条件に対しては容易に膜が剥
離してしまうという問題がある。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) JP-A-58-135111 discloses that boron and a substance capable of nitriding the boron are separated or mixed, and at least one type of nitrogen gas or ammonia gas is added. This is a method for forming a nitride thin film, which is characterized in that it is grown on a substrate in an atmosphere containing nitride. This Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-135111
The invention disclosed in the publication succeeded in forming a high purity boron nitride film which has high lubricity and excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance by containing a substance capable of nitriding boron. However, the boron nitride film obtained by the method disclosed in JP-A-58-135111 is made of low-density boron nitride. Since low-density boron nitride has excellent lubricity, the film produced by the method of JP-A-58-135111 has excellent abrasion resistance, but since it is soft, it is difficult to resist scratch-like wear conditions. There is a problem that the film easily peels off.

特開昭52−82699号公報は、蒸着法により被蒸着
基板により施してなる硬質窒化ホウ素膜である。この特
開昭52−82699号公報には、塊状ホウ素を6 X
 10 =Torrの窒素ガス中で蒸若させて硬質窒化
ホウ素膜を形成する高周波イオンブレーティング法が開
示されている。この特開昭52−82699号公報に開
示の方法により得られる窒化ホウ素の膜は、硬質窒化ホ
ウ素膜ではあるけれども、塊状ホウ素の純度、窒素ガス
の純度及び反応容器内のガス雰囲気、特に反応容器内の
酸素分圧の影響により、例えば膜を形成している粒形の
影響により低密度窒化ホウ素の中でも硬質な窒化ホウ素
膜になっている場合、又は低密度窒化ホウ素の中に微量
の高密度窒化ホウ素の混在もしくはその混在量の多少に
より硬質な窒化ホウ素膜になっている場合などと、得ら
れる硬質窒化ホウ素膜の膜質が非常に不安定であるとい
う問題がある。
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-82699 discloses a hard boron nitride film formed on a substrate to be deposited by a vapor deposition method. In this Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 52-82699, bulk boron is
A high frequency ion blating method is disclosed in which a hard boron nitride film is formed by evaporation in nitrogen gas at 10 Torr. Although the boron nitride film obtained by the method disclosed in JP-A-52-82699 is a hard boron nitride film, the purity of bulk boron, the purity of nitrogen gas, and the gas atmosphere inside the reaction vessel, especially the reaction vessel Due to the influence of the oxygen partial pressure within the film, for example, due to the influence of the particle shape forming the film, the boron nitride film is hard even among low-density boron nitrides, or when there is a trace amount of high-density boron nitride in low-density boron nitride. There is a problem that the film quality of the obtained hard boron nitride film is extremely unstable, such as when the boron nitride film is hard due to the presence of boron nitride or the amount of boron nitride mixed therein.

本発明は、上述のような問題点を解決したもので、具体
的には硬質窒化ホウ素膜を形成するためのホウ素源に高
純度のホウ素を用い、窒素源に高純度の窒素ガスを用い
、さらに反応容器内での酸素含有量を著しく制限するこ
とにより基体との密着性にすぐれた高密度窒化ホウ素を
主体にした安定な膜の形成方法の提供を目的とするもの
である。
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems. Specifically, the present invention uses high-purity boron as a boron source and high-purity nitrogen gas as a nitrogen source to form a hard boron nitride film. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for forming a stable film mainly made of high-density boron nitride that has excellent adhesion to a substrate by significantly limiting the oxygen content in the reaction vessel.

(問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明者は、イオンプレーテインク法により高密度窒化
ホウ素の膜を形成すべく種々検討していた所、高密度窒
化ホウ素のホウ素源である金属ホウ素の純度と窒素源で
ある窒素ガスの純度が高くなるに従って高密度窒化ホウ
素の含有量の高い膜が得られ、さらに、反応容器内の酸
素含有量が膜中の高密度窒化ホウ素の含有量に著しく影
響を及ぼすという知見を得たものである。
(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventor was conducting various studies to form a high-density boron nitride film using the ion plate ink method, and found that metallic boron, which is the boron source of high-density boron nitride, As the purity and purity of the nitrogen gas that is the nitrogen source increases, a film with a higher content of dense boron nitride can be obtained, and furthermore, the oxygen content in the reaction vessel significantly affects the content of dense boron nitride in the film. We have obtained knowledge that it has an impact.

本発明は、上記知見に基づいて完成するに至ったもので
ある。
The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.

すなわち、本発明の硬質窒化ホウ素膜の製造方法は、反
応容器内をI X 101Torr以上の高真空にした
後、該反応容器内で99.9%以上の高純度ホウ素を加
熱蒸発してイオン化すると共に99.999%以上の高
純度窒素ガスを導入して加熱された基体の表面に硬質窒
化ホウ素膜を形成することを特徴とするものである。
That is, the method for producing a hard boron nitride film of the present invention involves creating a high vacuum of I x 101 Torr or more in a reaction vessel, and then heating and evaporating high purity boron of 99.9% or more in the reaction vessel to ionize it. The method is characterized in that a hard boron nitride film is formed on the surface of the heated substrate by introducing high purity nitrogen gas of 99.999% or more.

本発明の硬質窒化示つ素膜の製造方法において、膜の形
成反応中の反応容器内は、含有酸素量を多くとも1wt
%に制限することが好ましく、このために反応容器内を
l X I O1Torr以上の高真空にする必要があ
る。高純度のホウ素の加熱は、電子ビーム、レーザ、高
周波加熱又はアークなど従来の加熱方法を用いることが
できる。また、イオン化する方法は、高周波電場、イオ
ン源、低圧アーク放電などを用いることができる。さら
に、高純度ホウ素をイオン化した後、加速器により加速
すること、又は高純度窒素ガスも同様にイオン化して加
速することは好ましいことである。ここで用いる基体は
、製造条件に耐えるものならば、特別な材質及び形状に
制限がなく、形状的には、粉末、板状体又は塊状体のも
のを用いること、又は材質的にはW 、 M o 、 
T a 、 N b 、 T i 。
In the method for manufacturing a hard nitrided film of the present invention, the amount of oxygen contained in the reaction vessel during the film formation reaction is reduced to at most 1 wt.
%, and for this purpose, it is necessary to maintain a high vacuum of 1 Torr or more in the reaction vessel. High purity boron can be heated using conventional heating methods such as electron beam, laser, high frequency heating, or arc. Further, as the ionization method, a high frequency electric field, an ion source, a low pressure arc discharge, etc. can be used. Furthermore, it is preferable to ionize high-purity boron and then accelerate it using an accelerator, or to similarly ionize and accelerate high-purity nitrogen gas. The substrate used here is not limited to any particular material or shape as long as it can withstand the manufacturing conditions, and in terms of shape, it may be powder, plate-like, or lump-like, or it may be made of W, Mo,
T a , N b , T i .

Zr、Fe、Ni、Co、Cuなどの各種金属、青銅、
鋼、サーメット、超硬合金などの各種合金、Si3N4
系セラミックス、SiC系セラミックス、ダイヤモンド
含有高圧焼結体、CBN含有高圧焼結体などの各種セラ
ミックスや耐熱ガラスなどを用いることができる。これ
らの基体を加熱する場合、それぞれの基体の材質に適し
た加熱温度にする必要がある。金属1合金又はセラミッ
クスからなる基体の加熱温度は、膜の基体への密着性及
び温度による基体の変質防止のために500℃〜100
0℃が好ましいものである。膜の基体への密着性を高め
るため又は基体の帯電防止のために基体に高周波などで
電位を印加すること、もしくは熱電子を照射することな
ども好ましいことである。
Various metals such as Zr, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, bronze,
Various alloys such as steel, cermet, cemented carbide, Si3N4
Various types of ceramics, heat-resistant glass, and the like can be used. When heating these substrates, it is necessary to set the heating temperature to be suitable for the material of each substrate. The heating temperature of the substrate made of metal 1 alloy or ceramics is 500°C to 100°C in order to improve the adhesion of the film to the substrate and to prevent deterioration of the substrate due to temperature.
0°C is preferred. In order to increase the adhesion of the film to the substrate or to prevent the substrate from being charged, it is also preferable to apply a potential to the substrate using high frequency waves or the like, or to irradiate the substrate with thermoelectrons.

(作用) 本発明の硬質窒化ホウ素膜の製造方法は、反応容器内を
I X 10−7Torr以上の高真空にすることによ
り、99.9%以上の高純度ホウ素の加熱イオン化され
たホウ素イオン及び99.999%以上の高純度窒素ガ
スの窒素イオンの両方を汚染し難くしているものである
。このために、本発明の硬質窒化ホウ素膜の製造方法は
、酸素による汚染及び不純物の少ないホウ素イオンと窒
素イオンにより高密度窒化ホウ素を主体とした膜が形成
されるのである。
(Function) The method for producing a hard boron nitride film of the present invention involves creating a high vacuum of I x 10-7 Torr or higher in the reaction vessel to generate heated ionized boron ions of high purity boron of 99.9% or higher. This makes it difficult to contaminate both nitrogen ions of high-purity nitrogen gas of 99.999% or higher. For this reason, in the hard boron nitride film manufacturing method of the present invention, a film mainly composed of high-density boron nitride is formed using boron ions and nitrogen ions with little oxygen contamination and impurities.

実施例 反応容器内に超硬合金(約5X5X13mm)の基体を
設置し、この反応容器内を1.0X10−7Torr以
下まで排気した後、99.999%ArガスをI X 
10−2Torrまで導入した0次いで、基体を800
℃に加熱しながら直流の電位500vを基体に印加して
5分間基体表面をイオンボンバードした0次に、Arの
導入を止めて再び反応容器内をI X 10−6Tor
rにした後、電子銃にて99.9%金属ホウ素を徐々に
加熱しなから2KW(10にマー200 mA)で蒸着
を開始した。これと同時に99.999%の窒素ガスを
反応容器内に導入し、(分圧I X 10−5Torr
) 35分間保持して基体の表面に2.5pm厚さの膜
を形成した。
Example A substrate made of cemented carbide (approximately 5 x 5 x 13 mm) was placed in a reaction vessel, and after evacuating the inside of this reaction vessel to 1.0 x 10-7 Torr or less, 99.999% Ar gas was blown into IX.
Then, the substrate was heated to 800 Torr.
The substrate surface was ion-bombarded for 5 minutes by applying a direct current potential of 500 V to the substrate while heating at ℃. Next, the introduction of Ar was stopped and the inside of the reaction vessel was heated again to IX 10-6 Tor.
After the temperature was set to r, 99.9% metallic boron was gradually heated using an electron gun and vapor deposition was started at 2 KW (200 mA at 10 mA). At the same time, 99.999% nitrogen gas was introduced into the reaction vessel (partial pressure I
) A film with a thickness of 2.5 pm was formed on the surface of the substrate by holding for 35 minutes.

この膜を調査した所、ヌープ硬さ5700 kg/mm
m2(50荷重)、比抵抗1.0X1014Ω・cm。
When this film was investigated, the Knoop hardness was 5700 kg/mm.
m2 (50 load), specific resistance 1.0 x 1014 Ω・cm.

ロックウェル硬度計のダイヤモンド圧子を用いた引掻き
試験で8 kgFまで剥離しなかった。またX線回析の
結果は、立方晶窒化ホウ素のピークが明確に表われてい
た。
In a scratch test using a diamond indenter of a Rockwell hardness tester, no peeling occurred up to 8 kgF. Furthermore, the results of X-ray diffraction clearly showed the peak of cubic boron nitride.

尚、膜形成におけるンオン化機構は、4極イオンブレー
テイング法を使用し、その条件は、熱電子陰極10V 
−15A 、 イオ7化電極50v−LA、基体バイア
ス100vであった。
The ionization mechanism used in film formation uses the quadrupole ion brating method, and the conditions are: thermionic cathode 10V
-15A, io7ization electrode 50v-LA, and substrate bias 100v.

比較として、上述の条件の内、95%の金属ホウ素と9
5%の窒素ガスを用いて、60分間の保持時間の他は全
て同一条件により膜を形成した。
For comparison, under the above conditions, 95% metallic boron and 9
A film was formed using 5% nitrogen gas under the same conditions except for a holding time of 60 minutes.

この膜を上述と同様に調査した所、厚さが1.5gm、
ヌープ硬さ4000 kg/■2(50g荷重)、比抵
抗lX1o13Ω・cm、引掻き試験で2kgfまで剥
離しなかった。
When this film was investigated in the same manner as above, the thickness was 1.5 gm.
It had a Knoop hardness of 4000 kg/■2 (50 g load), a specific resistance of 1×1013 Ω·cm, and did not peel off up to 2 kgf in a scratch test.

(発明の効果) 本発明の硬質窒化ホウ素膜の製造方法は、従来のPVD
法では高密度窒化ホウ素を主体とした膜の形成が殆んど
不可能であったのに対して、X線的に立方晶窒化ホウ素
の明確な膜が得られると共に、基体との密着性にすぐれ
た膜が得られる方法である。また1本発明の硬質窒化ホ
ウ素膜の製造方法は、純度の低いホウ素及び純度の低い
窒素ガスを使用する場合に比較して、硬さが約40%上
昇し、密着強度が約4倍も良好な膜を得ることができる
ものである。これらのことから、本発明の製造方法は、
半導体基板を含めた電子部品、電気機器部品、工具部品
、精密機械部品又は宇宙開発用、医療機器用、化学工業
部品用などの各種産業部品の製造に応用できるものであ
る。
(Effects of the Invention) The method for manufacturing a hard boron nitride film of the present invention is similar to the conventional PVD method.
Whereas it was almost impossible to form a film mainly composed of high-density boron nitride using this method, it was possible to obtain a clear film of cubic boron nitride based on X-rays, and the adhesion to the substrate was improved. This method yields an excellent film. In addition, the hard boron nitride film manufacturing method of the present invention increases the hardness by about 40% and has about 4 times better adhesion strength than when using low-purity boron and low-purity nitrogen gas. It is possible to obtain a film with a high quality. From these facts, the manufacturing method of the present invention is as follows:
It can be applied to the production of various industrial parts such as electronic parts including semiconductor substrates, electrical equipment parts, tool parts, precision machine parts, and parts for space development, medical equipment, and chemical industry parts.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 反応容器内を1×10^−^7Torr以上の高真空に
した後、該反応容器内で99.9%以上の高純度ホウ素
を加熱蒸発してイオン化すると共に 99.999%以上の高純度窒素ガスを導入して加熱さ
れた基体の表面に形成させることを特徴とする硬質窒化
ホウ素膜の製造方法。
[Claims] After creating a high vacuum of 1×10^-^7 Torr or more in the reaction vessel, high purity boron of 99.9% or more is ionized by heating in the reaction vessel and 99.999% or more is ionized. 1. A method for producing a hard boron nitride film, which comprises introducing high-purity nitrogen gas of % or more to form it on the surface of a heated substrate.
JP9370087A 1987-04-16 1987-04-16 Production of hard boron nitride film Pending JPS63259068A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9370087A JPS63259068A (en) 1987-04-16 1987-04-16 Production of hard boron nitride film

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9370087A JPS63259068A (en) 1987-04-16 1987-04-16 Production of hard boron nitride film

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63259068A true JPS63259068A (en) 1988-10-26

Family

ID=14089678

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9370087A Pending JPS63259068A (en) 1987-04-16 1987-04-16 Production of hard boron nitride film

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63259068A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5567227B1 (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-08-06 Jx日鉱日石金属株式会社 Sintered Fe-Pt magnetic material
JP5689543B2 (en) * 2012-08-31 2015-03-25 Jx日鉱日石金属株式会社 Sintered Fe-based magnetic material

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61157674A (en) * 1984-12-29 1986-07-17 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Manufacture of high hardness boron nitride film

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61157674A (en) * 1984-12-29 1986-07-17 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Manufacture of high hardness boron nitride film

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5689543B2 (en) * 2012-08-31 2015-03-25 Jx日鉱日石金属株式会社 Sintered Fe-based magnetic material
US10090012B2 (en) 2012-08-31 2018-10-02 Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Fe-bases magnetic material sintered compact
JP5567227B1 (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-08-06 Jx日鉱日石金属株式会社 Sintered Fe-Pt magnetic material
US10755737B2 (en) 2012-09-21 2020-08-25 Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Fe-Pt based magnetic material sintered compact
US10937455B2 (en) 2012-09-21 2021-03-02 Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Fe—Pt based magnetic material sintered compact

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