JPS63297151A - Driving brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent braking from being disabled by providing a steering means interlocked with a brake operating tool and operating the right and left wheels in the opposite directions to each other by the same quantity via this steering means. CONSTITUTION:Hydraulic cylinders 8A, 8B swaying knuckle arms 5A, 5B to the toe-in increasing side are provided on a driving means 4 interlocked with the brake action of a brake pedal 3. These hydraulic cylinders 8A, 8B are operated by the oil pressure of master cylinders 9A, 9B when the brake pedal 3 is operated to the brake side. The right and left front wheels 1B, 1A are then steered to the toe-in increasing side, and they are displaced by the same quantity in the opposite directions to each other. Brakes with rolling resistance can be thereby applied to the front wheels 1A, 1B, and no wheel lock occurs even if the friction coefficient of the road surface is low.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates primarily to a travel brake device used in automobiles, typified by passenger cars and trucks.゛ [Prior Art] For example, conventional automobile travel brake systems use drum brakes or disc brakes to brake the rotation of traveling tires in conjunction with the braking operation of a brake operating tool such as a brake pedal. , brake was applied by applying rolling resistance to the running tire wheels (I cannot provide any literature).

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, when using the above-mentioned conventional device, when the brake pedal is pressed hard and excessive braking force is applied to the rotation of the driving tire wheel, or when the road surface is wet with water, gravel, snow, mud, etc. When driving on a road surface with a low coefficient of friction, if the brake pedal is pressed in the same way as when driving on a normal road surface such as an asphalt road, the braking force of the drum brake or disc brake will be reduced by the friction between the driving tires and the road surface. A so-called wheel lock occurs, in which the force is overcome and the rotation of the driving tire wheel stops. When this wheel lock occurs, the driving tire wheels slip, the braking distance becomes longer, the posture of the vehicle becomes unstable, and the braking performance is extremely degraded. Therefore, today, drum brakes and disc brakes are automatically controlled so that the braking force from the drum brakes and disc brakes does not exceed the frictional force between the driving tire wheels and the road surface. Techniques for braking while rotating wheels have been proposed and are being implemented in some areas. However, in this case, the frictional force between the driving tire wheels and the road surface varies depending on the road surface conditions such as the type and condition of the road surface. Automatic brake control becomes extremely difficult and requires sophisticated control.

In short, in the past, driving was braked by braking the rotation of the driving tires.
Braking failure such as slipping is unavoidable,
Alternatively, this may have made braking control difficult.

The present invention has focused on such a situation and provides a traveling brake device that does not cause braking failures such as slipping (and is easy to brake).

(Means for Solving the Problems) The characteristic configuration of the traveling brake device according to the present invention is that the left and right traveling wheels are operated by the same amount in opposite directions in conjunction with the operation of the brake operating tool toward the brake side. The point is that a steering means for operating the vehicle in the opposite direction is provided, and the functions and effects thereof are as follows.

[For production]

As shown in Fig. 2, when the tire wheel for driving is operated to steer, the tire wheel is subjected to a lateral force in the Y-axis direction along the axle (hereinafter, to simplify the explanation, a camber angle of zero is applied to the tire wheel). The cornering force (Gy+), which is the lateral force when
+) is, once the internal pressure and load of the tire are determined, the steering amount, that is, the side slip angle (α) of the tire wheel relative to the traveling direction is calculated in the range of 5° from O, as shown in Figure 3. ) is proportional to As a result, there is a difference of 0<α between the driving force (Fx) in the X-axis direction along the wheel rotation that acts on the tire wheel on the road surface and the force (Fx, ) in the traveling direction.
<Fx in the range of 5°, =Fxcos a −F
The relationship y, sin a is established, and the force FX+ (1-cos a) +Fy+cos α acts in the opposite direction to the traveling direction. In other words, the brakes are applied.

In this way, by steering the running tires and wheels, the rotation of the running tires and wheels can be controlled without braking.
It is possible to apply the brakes by applying rolling resistance to the running tires.

According to the traveling brake device of the present invention, based on the above-mentioned principle, the left and right traveling tire wheels are steered by the same amount in opposite directions with the brake operation. Since cornering forces of the same magnitude and in opposite directions are generated, it is possible to provide equal rolling resistance to both axles while canceling out the left and right steering caused by the cornering forces acting on each wheel. can. Moreover, the cornering force can be adjusted by adjusting the steering amount of the left and right wheels, that is, the sideslip angle (α).
The rolling resistance applied to the left and right wheels can be adjusted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As a result, even if the brakes are applied suddenly or the friction coefficient of the road surface is low, the wheels will not lock up and the direction of travel will not change regardless of the steering operation of the wheels. It is now possible to provide a travel brake device that can apply the brakes and can easily control the brakes.

〔Example〕

Next, examples of the present invention will be shown.

As shown in Fig. 1, a pair of left and right front wheels (l^), (1B) for steering and running and a pair of left and right rear wheels (2A) for running.
), (2B), which uses the front wheels (IA), (IB) as brake wheels (^'), (B),
Specifically, a brake pedal (3) (an example of a brake operation tool) is provided, and the front wheels (18), (IB) are operated in conjunction with the braking operation of this brake pedal (3).
A traveling means (4) is provided for driving the wheels in opposite directions (increasing toe-in) by the same amount within a range of 5 degrees from O at a sideslip angle (α).

The traveling means (4) connects the knuckle arms (5A) and (5B) of the front wheels (1^) and (IB) to handles (6).
Hydraulic pressure is supplied to the tie rod (7) which is operated in conjunction with the movement of the knuckle and arm (5A) against the biasing force of its built-in spring (not shown).
, a single-acting hydraulic cylinder (8A) that operates to swing each of (5B) by the same amount to the toe-in increasing side;
(8B), and the brake pedal (3)
A pair of master cylinders ( 9
A), (9B) and hydraulic pressure supply paths (IOA) and (IOB) for supplying the generated hydraulic pressure to the corresponding hydraulic cylinders (8A) and (8B). .

In other words, when the brake pedal (3) operates toward the brake side, the master cylinders (9^) and (9
By operating the hydraulic cylinders (8A) and (88) to the brake side by the operation of B), this hydraulic cylinder (
The left and right front wheels (IA) and (IB) are steered to increase toe-in using the forces of 8A) and (8B) as driving force, and when the brake pedal (3) is operated to release the brake, it is activated in response. Master cylinder (9A)
, (9B) actuates the hydraulic cylinder (8A).

The front wheels (IA) are steered toward the toe-in side while (8B) is operated to the brake release side, and the left and right front wheels (IA) are operated using the self-aligning torque that acts on the (IB) itself as a driving force when driving. (IB) is steered to the opposite side, and the left and right front wheels (IA) are placed in a steering position corresponding to the operating position of the brake pedal (3).

(IB).

Therefore, the traveling brake system operates the left and right front wheels (LA) by operating the brake pedal (3) on the brake side.

By steering (IB) toward the side of increasing toe-in, cornering forces (Fyt) of opposite directions and equal magnitudes are applied to the left and right front wheels (IA) and (1B). The force (F) in the traveling direction is reduced relative to the driving force (Fx) in the X-axis direction along the rotation plane of (IA) and (IB). In other words, it is configured to generate braking force. Of course, as shown in Figure 3, when the sideslip angle (α) is in the range of 0 to 5°, the cornering forces (Fyt) and (Fyz) are proportional to the sideslip angle (α), so the left and right front Wheel (I
A), (IB) The braking force changes in proportion to the amount of steering.

[Another example]

Examples of the present invention will be shown below.

[1] In the above embodiment, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1, the front wheels (LA), (IB) or the rear wheels (2A
), (2B) or a friction type brake (11) such as a disc brake or drum brake that applies braking force to the rotation of both is used in combination.

[Two wheels] In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. Hydraulic cylinders (12A) and (12
B), with all wheels (IA), (1B)
, (28) + (2B) is the brake wheel (A)
, (B) as all wheels (IA).

(IB), (2A), and (2B) are configured to apply the brakes when traveling toward the toe-in increasing side.

[3] In the above embodiment, the front wheels (-, LA), (I
B) is the brake wheel (A) and (B),
The brake wheels (A) and (B) may be only the rear wheels (2A) and (2B).

[4] In the above embodiment, the brake wheel (A),
(B) shows one that applies the brakes when steering toward an increased toe-in side, but the brake wheels (A), (
As B), the brake may be applied by steering toward the side of increasing toe-out.

[5] In the above embodiment, the camber was kept constant, but the wheel (A) moved toward the toe-in increasing side or toe-out increasing side;
Along with the steering (B), the camber may be changed in a direction in which the camber thrust increases, and the camber thrust may be utilized to further improve the braking force.

[6] In the above embodiment, a traveling brake device for an automobile was shown, but the present invention can also be applied to a traveling brake device for an airplane.

[7] The steering means (4) consists of a pair of wheels for individually steering the left and right front wheels (IA) and (IB) to increase toe-in or toe-out, as shown in FIG. Hydraulic cylinders (IIA) (IIB) (IIB) are provided, and these hydraulic cylinders (IIA).

Operation valves (12A) and (12B) are installed in each of the hydraulic pressure supply paths from the hydraulic pump (P) to (IIB), and a brake sensor (13) that detects the amount of operation of the brake pedal (3) is installed. , based on the detection information of the brake sensor (13), the hydraulic cylinder (IIA), so that the front wheels (IA), (IB) are steered with an operation amount corresponding to the operation amount of the brake pedal (3). (II
A microcomputer (15) that outputs operating information is provided to the drive circuits (14A) and (14B) of B). In this case, it is possible to prevent sideslip during braking by steering the front wheels (IA) and (IB) to increase toe-in or toe-out and during normal driving by adding a simple structure.

For example, as shown in Fig. 5, there is a sensor (16) that detects sideslip and a steering wheel (6).
) is provided, and the detection information of these amount sensors (16) and (17) is input to the microcomputer (15), and the microcomputer (15) is connected to the drive circuit ( 14A) , (14
B) corrects the operation information based on the brake sensor (13), and when not braking, such as when driving straight or steering by operating the steering wheel (6), the front wheel (IA)
, (IB) is steered to prevent skidding,
When braking from them, the front wheels (IA), (IB
) is operated to prevent skidding and brake.

Of course, there are front wheels (IA) to prevent skidding.

(IB) steering modes include front wheels (IA), (
There are configurations in which only one of the front wheels (IB) is steered and configurations in which both are steered; in the case of the rear-mounted configuration, the front wheels (LA
) and (IB) will steer in the same direction. As a result, when braking that involves skidding, the front wheels (IA) are activated to prevent skidding.

(IB) are not necessarily both steered to the toe-in side or toe-out side, and the amount of steering is also different.

[8] The brake wheels (A), (B) steered by the steering means (4) shown in the above-mentioned other embodiment [7] may be the rear wheels (28), (2B), or the front Wheel (IA)
, (1B) and the rear wheels (2A) and (2B).

[9] Furthermore, the configuration of the steering means (4) can be changed as appropriate.

Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenient comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the travel brake device according to the present invention,
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a principle diagram showing the force acting on the wheel, Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between cornering force and sideslip angle, and Figures 4 and 5 are schematic plan views showing another embodiment of the present invention. It is. (3)...Brake operating tool, (A), (
B)...wheels, (4)...steering means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In conjunction with the operation of the brake operating tool (3) toward the brake side, the left and right traveling wheels (A) and (B) are steered by the same amount in opposite directions. A travel brake device provided with steering means (4). 2. Left and right wheels (A), (B) by the steering means (4)
2. The travel brake device according to claim 1, wherein the steering amount of the steering angle (α) is in the range of 0 to 5° in sideslip angle (α).