JPS6334381B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is installed on a wall of a building that receives sunlight in winter, collects or stores heat when there is sunlight, and introduces the heat into the room while also reducing sunlight. The present invention relates to a heat collecting ventilation device that can be used as an indoor/outdoor ventilation device when heating is not available or heating is not required.

Conventionally, air type systems collect or store solar radiant energy, exchange heat with the air to obtain warm air, and introduce the warm air into the building to cover part of the heating energy. Heat collection devices and convection heat collection and storage walls (Trombe walls) have been reported. In the former, a radiant heat absorbing surface is installed with a gap inside a flat box whose one side is made of a transparent flat plate.
This method heats the air by passing it through the gap using means such as a fan, and introduces the warm air into the building.The latter method is a heat storage wall that has a translucent flat plate and a radiant heat absorption surface. is installed vertically with a gap, and holes are provided at the upper and lower ends of the heat storage wall to connect the room and the gap, and the air inside the gap is heated by solar energy collected on the radiation absorption surface. Due to the thermal convection that occurs, indoor air is taken in through the lower opening, heated, and then hot air is blown indoors through the upper opening. In these conventional configurations, the air flow path is mainly used to circulate indoor air, and on cloudy days with no sunlight or in the mornings and evenings,
It has no function other than simply releasing residual heat related to the heat capacity of the heat collector immediately after the sun shines, and has no effect at all, especially when heating is not needed in the middle of the year or in the summer.

The present invention provides a heat collecting ventilation system that eliminates these drawbacks. That is, the heat collection ventilation system according to the present invention is installed in such a way that an air flow path passing through the inside and outside of the building is provided on a wall surface of a building that receives sunlight during the winter, and is used mainly during daytime sunlight during the winter.
The purpose is to collect or accumulate solar energy and introduce that energy indoors in the form of warm air, reducing the amount of fossil energy used for heating. By allowing the porous slits that open and close to act as a damper to block the air flow path in the heat collecting area, the air flow path can be controlled and operated as a normal ventilation device. The purpose is to provide a heat collecting ventilation device that does not take unnecessary hot air into the room. Therefore, the device according to the present invention is mainly used for exchanging air with the outside, and is basically a ventilation device that has new functions and benefits such as heat collection and storage, which is different from the above-mentioned conventional technology. The technical philosophy is different.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a transparent flat plate, in this example,
3mm thick float plate glass 0.9m wide and 1.5m high
It is installed on the front side of a box body 5 having an air hole 6 formed therein. The heat collecting plate 2 is a 0.2 mm thick copper plate with a width of 0.9 which has been selectively absorbed so that the sunlight absorption rate is 0.9 and the long wavelength emissivity is 0.2 on the transparent plate 1 side.
A light-absorbing flat plate formed to have a height of 1.35 m and a height of 1.35 m was used, and was installed parallel to the transparent flat plate 1 at a distance of 0.05 m and also at a distance of 0.05 m from the back surface of the box body 5. The upper part of the heat collecting plate 2 is connected to the internal partition wall 9 of the box body 5, and the front space 10 and back space 11 of the box body 5 are connected to the air flow path 12 at the lower part and the air hole 6 provided in the internal partition wall 9. It is sealed except for the air flow path that connects to the center right. The internal partition wall 9 is provided with a ventilation hole with dimensions of 0.2 m x 0.2 m that forms the air flow path connected to the air hole 6, and a movable air flow path control plate 3 having a horizontal axis of rotation is installed inside the air hole. do.
When the control plate 3 is held vertically, it seals the ventilation hole provided in the internal partition wall 9, while when rotated about 90 degrees, it closes the front space 10, which is an air flow path.
and the back space 11 is configured to be sealed. As a result, within a rotation of 90°, the vents and the spaces 10, 11 provided in the internal partition 9 become interconnected. 4 is an air circulation device provided in the upper opening 13, such as a blower fan; 7 is a check valve provided in the air hole 6 and closes when the inside of the box body 5 is under positive pressure; 8 is a check valve provided in the lower opening 14 of the box body. Inside 5 is a check valve that closes when there is negative pressure.

The heat collecting ventilation system constructed in this way has an effective heat collecting area of approximately 1.22 m ² , and only the upper and lower openings 13 and 14 are provided on the outer wall of the building as openings into the room. It will be installed.

In the example, the heat collecting ventilation device described above was installed in close contact with the south wall of the building. On a clear winter day with an outside temperature of 9°C, total solar radiation on the southern vertical plane around solar midpoint was approximately 650 kcal/m ² h.

At this time, when the control plate 3 is fixed vertically, the ventilation hole of the internal partition wall 9 is sealed, and the blower fan 4 is driven, the inside of the box body 5 becomes negative pressure, the check valve 8 is closed, and the air hole 6 The check valve 7 is opened, and the outside air taken in from the air hole 6 passes through the spaces 10, 12, and 11.
The solar energy collected on the heat collecting plate 2 is introduced into the room through the upper opening 13. At this time, the temperature of the air introduced into the room was approximately 22°C, and approximately 590 kcal of heat could be taken into the room in one hour of operation. The electrical energy used to drive the blower fan 4 during this period was about 26 kcal, which shows the remarkable energy saving effect of the present invention.

Next, stop the blower fan 4 and turn the control board 3 around
45°, and the check valve 8 provided at the bottom of the box was set to the open state, and the room temperature was
While maintaining the temperature at 15° C., indoor air heating due to natural convection from the lower opening 14 where the check valve 8 was installed to the upper opening 13 where the blower fan 4 was installed was evaluated. For the total solar radiation on the south vertical plane of 590 kcal/m ² h,
The airflow due to natural convection from the upper opening 13 is approximately 35℃
Approximately 290 kcal of heat was introduced into the room after one hour of operation.

Next, the control board 3 is set horizontally, the external air inflow path to the heat collecting part 2 is closed, and the ventilation fan 4 is operated. It passes through the ventilation hole of the internal partition wall 9 and is introduced into the room from the upper opening 13.

According to this embodiment, the air holes 6 are controlled by controlling the rotational position of the movable air flow path control plate 3.
The air flow path resistance of the air flow path from the front and back sides of the heat collecting plate 2 to the upper opening 13 and the air flow path from the air hole 6 to the upper opening 13 through the control plate 3 is increased or decreased in a quantitatively contradictory manner. This allows for simple ventilation, natural convection of the collected solar energy into the room, or forced ventilation. These settings can be arbitrarily selected depending on the outside temperature, solar radiation, and indoor needs.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In this embodiment, a heat storage function is added to the heat collecting plate 2 in the structure of the previous example. The heat storage body is made of sodium sulfate decahydrate sealed in a metal-coated plastic sheet, to which other salts are added and a gelling agent is mixed, and the temperature is 27° to 30°C.
It melts and solidifies between the layers, and has a thickness of approximately 3 cm. This material is a typical example of what is usually called a latent heat storage material, and absorbs and releases approximately 30 to 40 kcal of energy per unit weight (Kg) as it melts and solidifies. The heat collecting ventilation system according to this embodiment is fixed facing south, the control board 3 is set horizontally, and the control board 3 is set horizontally to
I left it in the sun for a while. The total amount of solar radiation on the south vertical plane during this period was 2700kcal. At 5 p.m., the control board 3 was set at 45 degrees and the room temperature was set at 15 degrees Celsius, and room air was taken into the box body 5 by the blower fan 4 and re-introduced into the room through the lower opening 14. In this state, warm air was obtained from the lower opening 14, and approximately 1050 kcal of heat could be introduced into the room until the temperature difference between the inflow and outflow disappeared. According to this embodiment, the device is not operated during daytime sunshine, and when the nighttime temperature drops, the stored solar energy during the daytime can be effectively used.
Of course, there is no need to explain that this embodiment can also operate during the daytime in the same way as the previous example.

In this example, sodium sulfate hydrate was used as the heat storage material, but other latent heat storage materials such as calcium chloride-based materials, paraffins, other inorganic or organic materials, concrete, water, etc. It is also possible to use sensible heat storage bodies such as.

As described above, the present invention is installed on a side of a building where sunlight can be expected, collects or stores solar energy in the winter, and uses natural convection to take in solar energy indoors as appropriate depending on the outside air and indoor conditions. It is possible to perform forced ventilation or to introduce solar energy during the daytime into the room at night, which greatly contributes to energy conservation in houses. Furthermore, the device of the present invention has a configuration that functions as a simple ventilation device not only in winter but also in mid-season and summer,
It can be effectively used for outdoor air cooling during the middle of the cooling season and at night during the summer.

That is, according to the heat collecting ventilation device according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively collect solar energy during sunshine and introduce it into the room as warm air, and to introduce the stored heat energy into the room in the evening and at night. Furthermore, it brings fresh outside air into the room even on cloudy days or at night, helping to maintain a good living environment. In addition, during the mid-season cooling period or at night during summer, when the outside air enthalpy determined by the outside air temperature and humidity is smaller than the indoor air enthalpy, fresh outside air is actively taken in by adjusting the movable air flow path control board. Air conditioning is possible. Furthermore, during winter sunshine, when the indoor temperature is relatively close to the comfortable temperature range, the amount of air flowing through the sunlight heat collection surface flow path is reduced, and the amount of air flowing through the direct intake flow path of outside air is controlled at an arbitrary ratio. It has the characteristics of being able to These features depend on the configuration of the heat collection ventilation system of the present invention, and the above two air flow paths are controlled by the setting of the movable air flow path control plate, so that the air flow resistance of the two air flow paths increases and decreases in a quantitatively contradictory manner. This is achieved by being able to change the relationship arbitrarily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a partially sectional side view showing an embodiment of the heat collection ventilation device according to the present invention. 1...Translucent flat plate, 2...Scorching plate, 3...Movable air flow path control plate, 4...Blower fan, 5...Box body, 6...Air hole, 7, 8...Check valve , 9... Internal partition wall, 13... Upper opening, 14... Lower opening.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A box body including a translucent flat plate on one side wall, a heat collecting plate housed within the box body and arranged at a distance from the translucent flat plate, and the heat collecting plate. a plurality of movable air flow path control plates that rotate in conjunction with each other about an axis along the surface of the plate; an air circulation device; an air intake provided on one side wall of the box; and an air intake that faces the air intake. The box has an air outlet provided on the other side wall of the box body, and an opening provided below the air outlet. 1 air flow path and a second air flow path extending from the air intake port to the air outlet via the movable air flow path control plate, and the first air flow path and the second air flow path The air circulation device is provided in the common flow path, and the rotational position of the movable air flow path control plate is controlled to make the air flow path resistances of the first air flow path and the second air flow path contradictory in quantity. A heat collecting ventilation system characterized by increasing or decreasing the air temperature and air flow rate for ventilation by controlling the operation of the air circulation system. 2. The heat collecting ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that a latent heat storage body is used as the heat collecting plate. 3. The heat collecting ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensible heat storage body is used as the heat collecting plate. 4 Claim 2, characterized in that a latent heat storage body containing either sodium sulfate hydrate or calcium chloride is used.
Heat collection ventilation equipment as described in Section 1.