JPS6337744Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a high-strength planar heating element panel. Specifically, the present invention relates to a sheet heating element panel comprising an inorganic surface material, a self-temperature-controlling sheet heating element, and a resin layer (preferably an FRP layer).

BACKGROUND ART Heat-generating panels that use Joule heat generated by passing electricity through a resistor as a heat source have already been put to practical use in a wide range of fields.

A heating resistor made of ceramic and having a sandwich structure has the following drawbacks. When printing a heating element onto ceramics,
The ceramic on the other side must be bonded by some method after the resistor is baked, which complicates the manufacturing process. If the heating element is not integrated with the ceramics, the heating element will move when electricity is actually applied to generate heat, causing troubles such as vibration. Furthermore, since a cavity is formed inside the ceramic, the mechanical strength is reduced. When a nichrome wire or the like is used as a heating element, it is necessary to provide grooves in the ceramic, which complicates the manufacturing process. With some ceramics, it is extremely difficult to bond them in a sandwich structure, so water or steam may enter through the defective bonding area, resulting in electrical leakage. If both sides of a heating element are sandwiched between ceramics, ceramics have low tensile strength and are brittle, so if an impact force is applied from one direction, they will break and there is a risk of electrical leakage.

On the other hand, there is a heat generating panel 10 in which concrete is poured onto the resistance heating element 13 on the concrete 15 and the heat insulating material 14, and after the concrete 12 hardens, tiles 11 are pasted on the surface as a finishing material to fix the heating element 13. (See Figure 2). In this heating panel, the heating element 13 is fixed with concrete and the above-mentioned drawbacks are solved, but the construction period is longer because it is a wet construction method.
'In order to provide strength, the concrete layer is made thicker to some extent by using reinforcing materials such as wire mesh or reinforcing bars within the concrete layer, which has the disadvantage that it takes a long time to reach the desired temperature after the power is turned on, resulting in poor thermal efficiency. be.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to have strength as a building material panel, have good thermal efficiency, and also reduce the movement of the heating element.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating element panel that eliminates problems such as impact resistance, risk of electric leakage, and complexity in manufacturing process.

Means for solving the problem: A surface material made of an electrically insulating inorganic material, a planar self-temperature-controlling resistor bonded to the back surface of the surface material, and an electrically insulating plastic bonded to the bottom surface of the resistor. A heating element panel is provided by the present invention, characterized by a tripartite structure consisting essentially of layers, the resistor being surrounded by the facing and the plastic layer.

The panel 1 of the present invention is attached to a frame 5 such as a wall or floor 7.
It is commonly used by fixing or installing it on top. floor 7
Alternatively, it is preferable in terms of thermoeconomics to interpose a heat insulating material 8 on the wall.

As the above-mentioned inorganic material 2, ceramic bodies in a wide sense can be used, such as porcelain made from natural minerals such as clay, conventional ceramics such as earthenware or mortar tiles, roof tiles, and glass, and inorganic synthetic material particles made as raw materials. New ceramics etc. that can be used can be used.
Its shape is usually flat, but the surface may be curved or have irregularities depending on the purpose. The thickness is such that the Joule heat generated by the resistor 3 can be sufficiently transmitted to the surface, and is usually several mm to several cm.

The above-mentioned self-temperature-controlling resistor 3 is composed of (1) conductive powder such as carbon powder, graphite powder, metal powder, etc. and synthetic resin fine powder (preferably crystalline and/or thermoplastic polymer resin fine powder). (2) A material that consists essentially of a homogeneous mixture of thermally expandable fine powder such as powder, and whose resistance changes depending on the temperature as the non-conductive fine powder acts on it, and (2) a material that mainly consists of a semiconductor such as barium titanate. A material that is a component and whose resistance changes depending on the temperature itself. By adjusting the amount of these conductive materials, resistance values can be obtained to control the desired temperature. Note that typical examples of the above-mentioned polymeric materials include nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

The above-mentioned resistor 3 is applied in a planar form, that is, in a thin layer form, on the back side of an inorganic surface material 2 such as a tile. Generally, in the case of the above material (1), a paste-like composition containing a heat-adhesive resin component is used, and this is applied to the back surface by screen printing or the like. In the case of the above material (2), a paste containing the semiconductor material is usually applied to the back surface by screen printing or the like, and then baked to integrate with the surface material. Note that the method of applying these is not particularly limited as long as the resistor can be applied in a thin layer. For example, it can be applied by powdering, brushing, or spraying followed by baking. If a particularly high degree of adhesion is required between the back side of the facing material and the resistor layer, the resistor layer is applied in a perforated state, for example in the form of a grid, and is bonded to the underlying plastic layer 4. It can be firmly fixed. Note that heat conduction to the surface material is improved by directly applying the resistor in layered contact with the back surface of the surface material.

The electrically insulating plastic layer consists of a plastic with practical electrical insulation and heat resistance. Examples of such plastics include polyester resins, epoxy resins, silicone resins, fluorine resins, and the like, to which appropriate plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, and other additives are added. A material made by adding heat-resistant and insulating reinforcing fibers to the plastic, that is, fiber reinforced resin (FRP)
When the heating element panel is composed of the following, a heating element panel with even better mechanical strength can be obtained. The reinforcing fibers are typically exemplified by insulating inorganic fibers such as glass fibers. The amount of reinforcing fibers in the FRP ranges from an effective amount for reinforcement to an amount that is retained by the plastic and does not interfere with adhesion between the FRP layer and the inorganic surface material and heating resistor. The plastic layer (or FRP layer) may be non-uniform to some extent, with an average thickness of about 1 mm or more. Usually the thickness is from about 1 to about 20 mm, preferably from about 2 to about 10 mm, and typically from about 2 to about 6 mm.

Example 1: A paste consisting essentially of carbon powder, crystalline polyamide resin fine powder and liquid epoxy resin was
After screen-printing a thin layer on the back side of a cm x 30 cm x 2 mm (thickness) furunculum tile 2, electrodes are printed using conductive silver paste, and this is baked to create a self-temperature control property on the back side. A tile having a sheet resistor 3 was obtained.

The nine tiles were placed on a square frame with the resistor 3 facing up, the resistor 3 was connected with a conductive wire 6, and a fiber reinforced resin liquid was applied to a thickness of about 3 mm on top of the resistor 3. The heating element panel 1 having the FRP layer 4 was obtained. The resin liquid essentially consisted of a liquid polyester resin, a catalyst, and glass fiber.

As a result of energizing the heating element panel at room temperature for 15 days, the surface temperature of the panel was approximately 40°C, and a stable heat generation state was obtained. After the energization heat generation test, the heating element panel was disassembled and inspected, but no damage to the component parts due to energization heat generation was observed.

Example 2: A raw material consisting essentially of 29 parts by weight of carbon powder (graphite), 42 parts by weight of fine polyethylene resin powder, and 29 parts by weight of fine paraffin resin powder was made into a paste by heating and kneading, and this was made into a paste of 30 cm x 60 cm x 5 mm ( After screen-printing a thin layer on the back side of the furunculum tile 2 (thickness), electrodes are screen-printed using conductive silver paste, and this is baked to have a self-temperature-controlling planar heating element 3 on the back side. Got tiles.

The three tiles are placed on a rectangular frame with the resistor 3 facing up, the resistor 3 is connected in parallel with the conductor 6, and a fiber-reinforced resin liquid is applied on top to a thickness of about 2 mm. The heating element panel 1 having the FRP layer 4 was obtained by coating and curing the FRP layer. The resin liquid essentially consisted of a liquid polyester resin, a catalyst, and glass fiber.

As a result of energizing the heating element panel at room temperature (20°C) for 15 days, the surface temperature of the panel was approximately 50°C, and a stable heat generation state was obtained. After energization and heat generation, the heating element panel was disassembled and inspected, but no damage to the component parts due to energization and heat generation was observed.

Function and Effect The heating element panel according to the present invention is simple and consists essentially of an inorganic surface material, a self-temperature-controlling layered resistor bonded in contact with its back surface, and a plastic layer bonded below. It has a three-layer structure with water-resistant insulation. Therefore, a lightweight, large-sized heating element panel can be easily obtained. Moreover, the heat conductivity to the surface material is good. It can be used safely even in humid conditions. Furthermore, regarding manufacturing, it is structurally easy to mechanize production.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the heating element panel and installation of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional heating element panel. 1...Heating element panel, 2...Inorganic board, 3...
Heat generating resistor, 4...plastic layer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The resistor consists essentially of a surface material made of an electrically insulating inorganic material, a layered self-temperature-controlling resistor bonded to the back surface of the surface material, and an electrically insulating plastic layer bonded to the bottom surface of the resistor. A heating element panel characterized by a structure in which the body is surrounded by the surface material and the plastic layer, and the three are integrated.