JPS6338639B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat transfer device used in an air conditioner or the like.

[Prior art]

Heat transfer devices generally enclose a heat transport medium in a pipe and utilize the phase change of this heat transport medium between liquid and steam, and the heat absorbed in the heat receiving part is transported to the heat radiating part and radiated. I try to let them do it.

FIG. 1 shows a conventional heat transfer device shown in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-66381.
2 is a heat receiving part arranged horizontally above, 2 is a heat radiating part arranged vertically below, 3A and 3B are both first and second check valves that allow flow in only one direction, 4 is an accumulator. 5A is heat receiving part 1
and the heat radiating part 2, and 5B is the pipe line between the heat radiating part 2 and the first
5C is a pipe between the first check valve 3A and the second check valve 3B, 5D is a pipe between the second check valve 3B and the heat receiving part 1 It is a conduit between.
In this way, each pipe line forms a loop, a so-called closed pipe line, and an accumulator 4 is connected to the pipe line 5C, and a heat transport medium such as fluorocarbon, methyl alcohol, etc. A suitable amount of fluid 6 is enclosed. Pipe line 5D connected from above the heat receiving part 1 on the accumulator 4 side
A container chamber 7 is interposed in the middle. This chamber 7
As shown in FIG.
1, the opening is at the top, and when a predetermined amount of liquid is stored, the center of gravity G is located above the fulcrum O.
A liquid reservoir 8 is provided in which the liquid 2 is moved and automatically rotated. Here, if the liquid working fluid 6 is a liquid 6A and the gaseous working fluid 6 is a vapor 6B, the pipe line is filled with the liquid 6A at the time of startup.

Now, when heat is supplied to the heat receiving section 1, the liquid 6A in the heat receiving section 1 generates high pressure steam 6B corresponding to the given temperature, creating a pressure difference between the heat receiving section 1 and the accumulator 4. Since the pressure in the heat receiving section 1 is higher than that in the heat receiving section 1, the liquid 6A in the pipe 5A, the heat radiating section 2, and the pipe 5B flows into the accumulator 4, and the pressure in the accumulator 4 is gradually increased.

The steam 6B generated in the heat receiving part 1 passes through the pipe 5A and reaches the heat radiating part 2, where it is cooled and releases condensation heat to be liquefied. Therefore, the steam 6B is regulated by the heat receiving part temperature and the heat radiating part temperature. As a result, the steam 6 in the heat receiving section 1, the pipe line 5A, and the heat dissipating section 2
The pressure of B becomes a saturated vapor pressure corresponding to a temperature approximately intermediate between the temperature of the heat receiving part and the temperature of the heat radiating part. Therefore, while the liquid 6A is evaporated in the heat receiving part 1, the pressure of the accumulator 4 also increases. The pressure is maintained at approximately this level.

In this state, the steam 6B generated in the heat receiving part 1 reaches the heat radiating part 2 and is liquefied again, so that the heat in the heat receiving part 1 is transferred to the heat radiating part 2. This continues until there is no more liquid 6A in 1. When all of the liquid 6A in the heat receiving part 1 evaporates, the pressure of the steam 6B in the heat receiving part 1, the pipe 5A, and the heat radiating part 2 is regulated only by the temperature of the heat radiating part 2, and becomes low. Part 1
Since a pressure difference is generated between the two and the pressure in the accumulator 4 is high, the liquid 6A stored in the accumulator 4 passes through the second check valve 3B and reaches the heat receiving part 1.
It will flow back in the direction. At this time, the liquid 6A does not immediately reach the heat receiving part 1, but is temporarily stored in the liquid reservoir 8 of the chamber 7 interposed in the pipe line 5D. That is, the liquid reservoir 8 stores a predetermined amount of the liquid 6A therein, and when it moves to the center of gravity G2 above the fulcrum O, it turns and releases the liquid 6A to the heat receiving part 1 at once. As a result, a large amount of liquid 6A can be supplied to the heat receiving section 1, and the entire heat receiving section 1 can be effectively operated.

By sequentially repeating the above operations, the heat from the upper heat receiving section 1 can be transported to the lower heat radiating section 2 without using any power.

However, in the conventional heat transfer device of this type, when all of the liquid 6A in the heat receiving section 1 evaporates and a pressure difference is generated between the accumulator 4 and the heat receiving section 1, the liquid stored in the accumulator 4 6
Since A is once stored and then supplied to the heat receiving section 1, naturally the steam flow to the heat radiating section 2 is stopped at this time. As a result, the amount of heat transported from the heat receiving section 1 to the heat radiating section 2 decreases or stops, resulting in a problem that temporal pulsations occur in the heat transport.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention was developed in consideration of these circumstances, and includes a plurality of accumulators piped in parallel in a pipeline upstream of the heat receiving section and downstream of the heat dissipating section, and heating and cooling means for heating and cooling the accumulators. , for at least one accumulator, the operation of causing the working fluid to flow into the accumulator and the operation of causing the working fluid to flow back to the heat receiving section are performed alternately, and the same operation is alternately performed in the reverse order of the aforementioned operation for the other accumulators. The present invention provides a heat transfer device that can prevent pulsation of heat transport with an extremely simple configuration that includes a control means for controlling the heat transfer. Hereinafter, its configuration and the like will be explained in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

[Embodiments of the invention]

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a heat transfer device according to the present invention, in which 1 is a heat receiving section, 2 is a heat radiating section, and 6 is a condensable working fluid such as fluorocarbon or methyl alcohol as a heat transport medium. An appropriate amount of the working fluid 6 is sealed in a loop-shaped conduit 11 that has the heat receiving section 1 and the heat radiating section 2 interposed therebetween. Reference numeral 12 denotes a ventilation fan provided in the heat radiating section 2 to effectively radiate heat.

21 and 22 are the upstream side of the heat receiving part 1 and the heat radiating part 2
A plurality of accumulators, in this embodiment two first and second accumulators, are installed in the pipe line 11 connecting the downstream side of the fuel cell and the downstream side of the fuel cell, and are piped in parallel. That is, 11A is a pipe connecting the downstream side of the heat receiving part 1 and the upstream side of the heat radiating part 2;
1B is a conduit connecting the upstream side of the heat receiving section 1 and the downstream side of the heat dissipating section 2, and the conduit 11B is connected to the first side on the heat receiving section 1 side.
The second accumulator 21, 22 and the heat receiving section 1 are branched into a conduit 23A and a conduit 23B, and the heat dissipating section 2 side connects the first and second accumulators 21, 22 and the heat dissipating section 2. It is branched into a conduit 23C and a conduit 23D that communicate with each other. 2
4 to 27 are branched pipe lines 23A to 2, respectively.
On-off valves as on-off means for selectively opening and closing 3D, 24 and 25 are first and second on-off valves as on-off means interposed in conduits 23A and 23B, and 26 and 27 are on-off valves as on-off means for conduits 23C and 23B. Conduit 2
These are third and fourth on-off valves as on-off means installed in 3D.

These first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 constitute a control means for controlling the operation of the accumulators 21 and 22, so that their opening and closing operations are interlocked with each other as follows. That is, the first, fourth
The on-off valves 24 and 27 are both open, and the second and third on-off valves 24 and 27 are both open.
A first state in which the on-off valves 25 and 26 are both closed, and a first state in which the first and fourth on-off valves 24 and 27 are both closed and the second and third on-off valves 25 and 26 are both open. The state is interlocked so that the second state is alternately repeated at appropriate time intervals.

30 is the first and second accumulator 2;
This thermoelectric element 30 is interposed between the accumulators, and one side 3
1 is in contact with the first accumulator 21 , and the other surface 32 is in contact with the second accumulator 22 . This thermoelectric element 30 can alternately generate heat and absorb heat on both surfaces 31 and 32 by switching the positive and negative currents. Here, the switching between positive and negative occurs when the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 are in the first state, the surface 31 of the thermoelectric element 30 is in the heat generation state, the surface 32 is in the heat absorption state, and when the thermoelectric element 30 is in the second state. , are interlocked so that the surface 31 of the thermoelectric element 30 is in a heat-absorbing state and the surface 32 is in a heat-generating state.

In the heat transfer device configured in this way,
When set to the first state shown in FIG. 3, the steam 6B generated in the heat receiving section 1 flows through the pipe 11A to the heat radiating section 2, where it is cooled and condensed. The condensed liquid 6A passes through the fourth on-off valve 27 via the pipe 11B and the pipe 23D, and flows into the second accumulator 22, whereby the heat absorbed by the heat receiving part 1 is transported to the heat radiating part 2. Ru. During this time, since the second on-off valve 25 is closed, steam does not directly flow from the heat receiving section 1 to the second accumulator 22 through the pipe line 23B. Further, the first on-off valve 24 is open, and the third on-off valve 26 is closed.

At this time, the thermoelectric element 30 heats the first accumulator 21 and heats the second accumulator 22.
Since a voltage is applied to cool the first accumulator 21 and the internal pressure of the first accumulator 21 becomes higher than the internal pressure of the second accumulator 22, the first
A driving force is generated that causes the liquid to flow in the direction from the second accumulator 21 to the second accumulator 22. As a result, the liquid in the first accumulator 21 flows back to the heat receiving section 1 through the pipe line 23A and the first on-off valve 24. In other words, the working fluid 6 is supplied to the heat receiving section 1.

On the other hand, when the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 and the thermoelectric element 30 are switched after a certain period has passed or by detecting the liquid level in the accumulators 21 and 22, the surface 31 of the heating element 30 absorbs heat. , the surface 32 becomes heated. Further, when the first and fourth on-off valves 24 and 27 are both closed and the second and third on-off valves 25 and 26 are both opened and switched to the second state, the steam 6B evaporated in the heat receiving section 1
After being liquefied in the heat dissipation section 2, it flows into the first accumulator 21, and the heat is transported in exactly the same manner as in the first state, except that the liquid flows back from the second accumulator 22 to the heat reception section 1. will be held.

In this way, by switching the opening and closing of the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 and switching the current of the thermoelectric element 30, the accumulators 21 and 22 are switched at the time when the working fluid 6 is flowing back into the heat receiving part 1,
The working fluid 6 can be returned to the heat receiving section 1 substantially continuously.

Therefore, the working fluid 6 is not completely evaporated within the heat receiving section 1, and the steam 6B within the heat receiving section 1 can be continuously circulated to the heat dissipating section 2, thereby reducing the pulsation of heat transport. This makes it possible to reduce changes in the amount of heat transport and increase heat transport efficiency. Moreover, since gravity is not used for liquid reflux, heat can of course be transported regardless of the installation position, such as when the accumulators 21 and 22 are located below the heat receiving part 1, and the heat receiving part 1 and the heat dissipating part 2. Heat can be transported even when the internal pressure loss is large, or even under zero gravity such as in space.

That is, the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 cause the working fluid 6 condensed in the heat radiating section 2 to flow into the at least one accumulator, and the working fluid 6 in the accumulator is caused to flow into the at least one accumulator. A control means is configured that alternately performs the operation of causing the heat to flow back to the heat receiving section 1, and alternately causes the other accumulators to perform the same operation in the reverse order of the aforementioned operation. Further, by this means, the working fluid 6 is returned to the heat receiving section 1 and flows into the accumulator by heating and cooling the accumulator with the thermoelectric element 30, thereby making it more effective.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which the working fluid 6 condensed in the heat radiating section 2 flows into the at least one accumulator and the working fluid 6 in the accumulator. The control means shown in FIG. Second
Instead of the on-off valves 24 and 25, first and second check valves 5 are provided so that liquid flows only from the first and second accumulators 21 and 22 toward the heat receiving section 1.
1 and 52 are interposed in the pipes 23A and 23B, and the heat radiating section 2 is installed in place of the third and fourth on-off valves 26 and 27.
Third and fourth check valves 61 and 62 are interposed so that the liquid flows only from there toward the first and second accumulators 21 and 22. In this embodiment, by switching heating and cooling by the thermoelectric element 30, a pressure difference is created in the first and second accumulators 21 and 22, and switching between the first state and the second state is possible. It will be done.

In this switching, if it is required to smoothly reverse the height difference between the pressure in the first accumulator 21 and the pressure in the second accumulator 22, as shown in FIG. This can be carried out even more smoothly by providing a uniform pipe 71 that communicates with the second accumulator 22 and equalizes the internal pressure.

That is, 72 is a fifth on-off valve as an on-off means interposed in the middle of the uniform pipe 71, and this fifth on-off valve 72 is connected to the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27.
In synchronization with this, the opening state is established at the same time as switching between the first state and the second state, and the operation is set so that the opening state is established again after a predetermined period of time has elapsed. To explain this operation, for example, when switching the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27, the on-off valve 72 is controlled to the open state, so that the pressure in the first accumulator 21 and the pressure in the second accumulator 22 are changed. The pressure instantly becomes equal to that of the on-off valve 7.
2 is in the closed state, the pressure difference within the accumulators 21 and 22 increases in the opposite direction due to the heating and cooling action of the thermoelectric element 30. As a result, when switching the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27, the first and second accumulators 21 and 2
2 will be reversed in a short period of time.

6 and 7 are system diagrams showing other embodiments, respectively. In the examples shown in these figures, the first and second accumulators 21 and 22 are filled with a non-condensable gas such as nitrogen or helium. gas reservoir is connected. In the example shown in FIG. 6, first and second gas reservoirs 81 and 82 are connected to first and second accumulators 21 and 22. Therefore, the pressure within the first and second accumulators 21 and 22 can be regulated by the pressures of the first and second gas reservoirs 81 and 82, and the range of pressure change can be reduced. As a result, the pressure inside the heat receiving section 1 becomes less susceptible to changes due to heat input in the heat receiving section 1, and a temperature control effect is obtained in which the temperature of the heat receiving section 1 does not change much due to changes in heat input. become.

In the example shown in FIG. 7, one gas reservoir 91 is connected to the first and second accumulators 21 and 22.
In the middle of each pipe connecting the gas reservoir 91 and the first and second accumulators 21 and 22, there are sixth and seventh on-off valves 92 and 93 as on-off means. is interposed. These sixth and seventh on-off valves 92 and 93 are interlocked so that they operate in the same manner as the opening and closing of the third and fourth on-off valves 26 and 27. That is,
In the first state, the thermoelectric element 30 is controlled so that the surface 31 generates heat and the surface 32 absorbs heat;
The fourth and seventh on-off valves 24, 27, and 93 are all open, and the second, third, and sixth on-off valves 25, 2
6 and 92 are in a closed state. At this time, the pressure inside the first accumulator 21 is not regulated by the gas reservoir 91 because the sixth on-off valve 92 is closed, and the pressure inside the second accumulator 22 is not regulated by the gas reservoir 91.
Since the on-off valve 92 is open, the gas is regulated by the gas reservoir 91. Therefore, the pressure within the first accumulator 21 can be smoothly increased by the thermoelectric element 30, and at the same time, changes in the pressure within the second accumulator 22 can be reduced. As a result, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a temperature control effect is obtained in which the temperature of the heat receiving section 1 does not change much due to changes in heat input. In this embodiment, in addition to the advantage that only one gas reservoir is required, regulation by non-condensable gas can be switched, so that the switching operation can be performed more smoothly. Here, the sixth and seventh on-off valves 92 and 93 may be interposed between the first and second accumulators 21 and 22 and the first and second gas reservoirs 81 and 82 shown in FIG. Of course, similar effects can be obtained.

In the above embodiment, the opening/closing control of the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 is performed at regular intervals by a time switch or the like, or by controlling the opening and closing of the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 by controlling the opening and closing of the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 at regular intervals, or by controlling the opening and closing of the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 by using a time switch or the like, or by controlling the opening and closing of the first to fourth on-off valves 24 to 27 by using a time switch, etc. This can be done by detecting changes in the liquid level. Among these, the one that detects the liquid level in the heat receiving part 1 and switches the on-off valve can prevent the liquid from running out from the heat receiving part 1, thereby preventing the heat receiving part 1 from overheating and improving the reliability of the device. can be improved and heat transport efficiency can be increased. Further, although an example in which two accumulators are used has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that a plurality of accumulators can be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, a plurality of accumulators are interposed in the conduit connecting the heat receiving section and the heat dissipating section, and a heating and cooling means for heating and cooling these accumulators is provided. A pressure difference is generated between the storage device and the cooled accumulator, and this pressure difference can be used to return the working fluid to the heat receiving section. Since the control means for controlling the operation of the accumulator is provided, it is possible to switch between the accumulator that causes the working fluid to flow back into the heat receiving section and the accumulator that causes the working fluid to flow in from the heat radiating section, so that the working fluid can be continuously returned to the heat receiving section.

Therefore, unlike in the past, the working fluid in the heat receiving section does not completely evaporate, and the steam in the heat receiving section can be continuously circulated to the heat radiating section, reducing changes in the amount of heat transported. This has the effect of preventing pulsations in heat transport.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are a system diagram and an enlarged view of the main parts showing a conventional heat transfer device, FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a heat transfer device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 4 to 7 are diagrams showing other systems. It is a system diagram showing an example. 1... Heat receiving part, 2... Heat radiating part, 11A, 11B
...Pipe lines, 21, 22...First and second accumulators, 23A-23D...Pipe lines, 24-27...
...First to fourth on-off valves, 30... Thermoelectric element, 5
1, 52...first and second check valves, 61, 62...
...Third and fourth check valves, 81, 82...First and second gas reservoirs, 91...Gas reservoir, 9
2, 93...6th and 7th on-off valves.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A heat transfer device comprising a loop-shaped conduit with a heat receiving part and a heat radiating part interposed therebetween, and a condensable working fluid as a heat transport medium is sealed in the conduit, A plurality of accumulators piped in parallel are interposed in a pipe line upstream of the heat receiving section and downstream of the heat dissipating section, and a heating and cooling means for heating and cooling the accumulators is provided, and the working fluid condensed in the heat dissipating section is applied to at least one accumulator. The operation of causing the fluid to flow into the accumulator and the operation of causing the fluid in the accumulator to flow back to the heat receiving part are performed alternately, and
A heat transfer device characterized in that a control means is provided for causing other accumulators to alternately perform similar operations in the reverse order of the aforementioned operations. 2. The control means comprises opening/closing means for selectively opening and closing pipe lines communicating the accumulator and the heat receiving section, and the accumulator and the heat radiating section, respectively. The heat transfer device described. 3. The opening/closing means is composed of an opening/closing valve installed in each pipe line, and the two opening/closing valves on the same accumulator side are alternately opened and closed, and at least one other
3. The heat transfer device according to claim 2, wherein the heat transfer device is set to be in an open/close state opposite to the open/close state of the two on-off valves on the two accumulator sides. 4. The opening/closing means is comprised of a check valve that allows fluid to flow only from the heat receiving section and the heat radiating section to the accumulator, which are installed in each pipe line. Heat transfer device. 5. The heat transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the heating and cooling means is comprised of a thermoelectric element that utilizes the Peltier effect. 6. Claim 1, characterized in that at least two accumulators are connected to each other via a pressure equalizing pipe that is opened and closed by an opening and closing means.
6. The heat transfer device according to any one of items 5 to 6. 7. The heat transfer device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a gas reservoir filled with a non-condensable gas is connected to the accumulator. 8. The heat transfer device according to claim 7, wherein an on-off valve serving as an on-off means is provided in the pipe line connecting the accumulator and the gas reservoir.