JPS6350464B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6350464B2 JPS6350464B2 JP56077333A JP7733381A JPS6350464B2 JP S6350464 B2 JPS6350464 B2 JP S6350464B2 JP 56077333 A JP56077333 A JP 56077333A JP 7733381 A JP7733381 A JP 7733381A JP S6350464 B2 JPS6350464 B2 JP S6350464B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- oxygen gas
- treatment
- stage
- nitrogen dioxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940090960 diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 24
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003471 mutagenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000707 mutagenic chemical Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1005—Pretreatment of the pulp, e.g. degassing the pulp
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1057—Multistage, with compounds cited in more than one sub-group D21C9/10, D21C9/12, D21C9/16
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
ãçºæã®è©³çްãªèª¬æã
æè¡åéïŒ
æ¬çºæã¯ååŠçã«è£œé ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«
ããç¹ã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã§èžè§£ããããã«ãã®é žçŽ ã¬
ã¹æŒçœæ¹æ³ã«é¢ãããæ¬çºæãäŸãã°ããµã«ãã¢
ã€ããã«ããžé©çšããããšã¯å®å šã«å¯èœã§ããã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§èžè§£ãã«ãã®äŸã¯ããµã«ããšãŒããã«
ããããªãµã«ãã¢ã€ããã«ãããã³ãœãŒããã«ã
ã§ãããããã§äœ¿çšããããœãŒããã«ãããªãèª
ã¯ãåçš®ã®æ·»å å€ã®ååšäžãèžè§£è¬åãšããŠæ°Žé ž
åãããªãŠã ã§èžè§£ããããã«ããå«ãããã®ã
ããªæ·»å å€ã®äŸã¯ãã¢ã³ãã©ããã³ã®ãããªã¬ã
ãã¯ã¹è§Šåªã§ããã
ããç¹ã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã§èžè§£ããããã«ãã®é žçŽ ã¬
ã¹æŒçœæ¹æ³ã«é¢ãããæ¬çºæãäŸãã°ããµã«ãã¢
ã€ããã«ããžé©çšããããšã¯å®å šã«å¯èœã§ããã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§èžè§£ãã«ãã®äŸã¯ããµã«ããšãŒããã«
ããããªãµã«ãã¢ã€ããã«ãããã³ãœãŒããã«ã
ã§ãããããã§äœ¿çšããããœãŒããã«ãããªãèª
ã¯ãåçš®ã®æ·»å å€ã®ååšäžãèžè§£è¬åãšããŠæ°Žé ž
åãããªãŠã ã§èžè§£ããããã«ããå«ãããã®ã
ããªæ·»å å€ã®äŸã¯ãã¢ã³ãã©ããã³ã®ãããªã¬ã
ãã¯ã¹è§Šåªã§ããã
å
è¡æè¡ã®ç¶æ
ïŒ
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®è±ãªã°ãã³é
žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœ
ã¯ãé垞以äžã®ããã«å®æœããããèžè§£æ¶²ãé€å»
ããåŸããã«ãã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã§å«æµžããã
次ã«å å§äžãçŽ100âã®æž©åºŠã§ãéåžž30åéé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹ã§åŠçããããçæ°Žåç©ãéå°ã®åè§£ã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠä¿è·ããããããã°ãã·ãŠã ååç©ãæ·»å ãã
ããããã«ããããããããã®è±ãªã°ãã³æ¹æ³
ã¯ãèžè§£ããã»ã¹ã®åŸãã«ãã«æ®åãããªã°ãã³
ã®çŽ50ïŒ ãé€å»ãããç¹ãŸã§ç¶ç¶ã§ããã®ã¿ã§ã
ãããããã®è±ãªã°ãã³æ¹æ³ããã€ãšé«çšåºŠã«ç¶
ç¶ãããšãçæ°Žåç©ã®ç Žå£ã¯åŸããããã«ãã®åŒ·
åºŠç¹æ§ãã²ã©ãæãããã»ã©é倧ã«ãªããäŸã
ã°ãéåžžã®åºçºåæã§ããè»æšãã補é ãããµã«
ããšãŒããã«ãã«é¢ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœæ³ã¯ã«ãã
æ°30ãªãã40ã«çžåœãããªã°ãã³å«éããåºçº
ãããããŠã«ããæ°15ãªãã20ãžçžåœãããªã°ã
ã³å«éã«éãããŸã§ç¶ç¶ããããéåžžãæ®åãªã°
ãã³ã¯ããã«ããå¡©çŽ ãã¢ã«ã«ãªãããŠäºé žåå¡©
çŽ ã§åŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠé€å»ãããã
ã¯ãé垞以äžã®ããã«å®æœããããèžè§£æ¶²ãé€å»
ããåŸããã«ãã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã§å«æµžããã
次ã«å å§äžãçŽ100âã®æž©åºŠã§ãéåžž30åéé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹ã§åŠçããããçæ°Žåç©ãéå°ã®åè§£ã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠä¿è·ããããããã°ãã·ãŠã ååç©ãæ·»å ãã
ããããã«ããããããããã®è±ãªã°ãã³æ¹æ³
ã¯ãèžè§£ããã»ã¹ã®åŸãã«ãã«æ®åãããªã°ãã³
ã®çŽ50ïŒ ãé€å»ãããç¹ãŸã§ç¶ç¶ã§ããã®ã¿ã§ã
ãããããã®è±ãªã°ãã³æ¹æ³ããã€ãšé«çšåºŠã«ç¶
ç¶ãããšãçæ°Žåç©ã®ç Žå£ã¯åŸããããã«ãã®åŒ·
åºŠç¹æ§ãã²ã©ãæãããã»ã©é倧ã«ãªããäŸã
ã°ãéåžžã®åºçºåæã§ããè»æšãã補é ãããµã«
ããšãŒããã«ãã«é¢ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœæ³ã¯ã«ãã
æ°30ãªãã40ã«çžåœãããªã°ãã³å«éããåºçº
ãããããŠã«ããæ°15ãªãã20ãžçžåœãããªã°ã
ã³å«éã«éãããŸã§ç¶ç¶ããããéåžžãæ®åãªã°
ãã³ã¯ããã«ããå¡©çŽ ãã¢ã«ã«ãªãããŠäºé žåå¡©
çŽ ã§åŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠé€å»ãããã
ãã«ããå¡©çŽ ã§åŠçãããšããå¡©çŽ åè³éŠæç©
質ããã³çç©èç©æ§å¡©çŽ åç©è³ªãçºçããããã
ã¯ãšãããéé¡ã«ããæåãããããšãããã³ã
ããç©è³ªã¯æ±æ¿æ°Žãçç©åŠçã«æµåããããšã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯æ¶å€±ãããªãããšãããç¥ãããŠãããã
ãã€ãã®å¡©çŽ åç©è³ªã¯çªç¶å€ç°åã§ããããšãå€
æããŠããã
質ããã³çç©èç©æ§å¡©çŽ åç©è³ªãçºçããããã
ã¯ãšãããéé¡ã«ããæåãããããšãããã³ã
ããç©è³ªã¯æ±æ¿æ°Žãçç©åŠçã«æµåããããšã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯æ¶å€±ãããªãããšãããç¥ãããŠãããã
ãã€ãã®å¡©çŽ åç©è³ªã¯çªç¶å€ç°åã§ããããšãå€
æããŠããã
åŸã€ãŠãæŒçœãã©ã³ãããåºã廿¶²ã¯ãæŒçœã»
ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããçç£ããåœã«ãããŠæãé倧ãª
廿£ç©åé¡ãšãªã€ãŠããããã®çç±ã«ãããã»ã«
ããŒã¹ãã«ããåŠçãããšããäºé žåå¡©çŽ ã®äœ¿çš
ãå¢ãããšã«ãã€ãŠéé¢ãããã¯å çŽ å¡©çŽ ã®äœ¿çš
ãæžããåªåããªãããŠãããããããªããäºé ž
åå¡©çŽ ã補é ãããšãã®é»æ°ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®éã¯ã
掻æ§å¡©çŽ Kgåœãå çŽ å¡©çŽ ãçŽïŒåã§ãããåŸã€ãŠ
æå®³ç©è³ªã®æŸåºãæžããããã®ç°å¢åœå±ã«ãããª
ãããåªåã¯ãé¢ä¿å°åã«ãããŠæ¶è²»ããã黿°
ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®éãæžããããšããåªåãšè¡çªã
ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã®ã»ãã«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®è±ãª
ã°ãã³æŒçœã«æŒçœå€ãšããŠææ¡ãããŠããä»ã®ã¬
ã¹ãããªãã¡äºé žåçªçŽ ãããããããŠãšããã
ã¯ã©ãŒã¯ã«ããïŒPaper Trade Journal Tappi
Sect.118ã62ïŒ1944ïŒïŒç³»çµ±çã«ç ç©¶ãããããã¹
ãããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠãææ¡ãããåŠç
æ¹æ³ã¯ãè©²æ¹æ³ã®æè¡çå¿çšãæé€ããã»ã©ãã«
ãäžã®çæ°Žåç©ãç Žå£ããããªã°ãã»ã«ããŒã¹æ
æãäºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠçããç¶ããŠæ°ŽæŽããã¢ã«ã«
ãªã§åŠçããç¶ããŠé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã«ããåŠçã«ãããª
ã°ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®è±ãªã°ãã³ãææ¡ãããŠãã
ïŒã¹ãŠãšãŒãã³ç¹èš±åºé¡770536âïŒïŒãããããªã
ããã®æè¡ã¯å°ãã宿œãããŠããªãã
ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããçç£ããåœã«ãããŠæãé倧ãª
廿£ç©åé¡ãšãªã€ãŠããããã®çç±ã«ãããã»ã«
ããŒã¹ãã«ããåŠçãããšããäºé žåå¡©çŽ ã®äœ¿çš
ãå¢ãããšã«ãã€ãŠéé¢ãããã¯å çŽ å¡©çŽ ã®äœ¿çš
ãæžããåªåããªãããŠãããããããªããäºé ž
åå¡©çŽ ã補é ãããšãã®é»æ°ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®éã¯ã
掻æ§å¡©çŽ Kgåœãå çŽ å¡©çŽ ãçŽïŒåã§ãããåŸã€ãŠ
æå®³ç©è³ªã®æŸåºãæžããããã®ç°å¢åœå±ã«ãããª
ãããåªåã¯ãé¢ä¿å°åã«ãããŠæ¶è²»ããã黿°
ãšãã«ã®ãŒã®éãæžããããšããåªåãšè¡çªã
ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã®ã»ãã«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®è±ãª
ã°ãã³æŒçœã«æŒçœå€ãšããŠææ¡ãããŠããä»ã®ã¬
ã¹ãããªãã¡äºé žåçªçŽ ãããããããŠãšããã
ã¯ã©ãŒã¯ã«ããïŒPaper Trade Journal Tappi
Sect.118ã62ïŒ1944ïŒïŒç³»çµ±çã«ç ç©¶ãããããã¹
ãããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠãææ¡ãããåŠç
æ¹æ³ã¯ãè©²æ¹æ³ã®æè¡çå¿çšãæé€ããã»ã©ãã«
ãäžã®çæ°Žåç©ãç Žå£ããããªã°ãã»ã«ããŒã¹æ
æãäºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠçããç¶ããŠæ°ŽæŽããã¢ã«ã«
ãªã§åŠçããç¶ããŠé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã«ããåŠçã«ãããª
ã°ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®è±ãªã°ãã³ãææ¡ãããŠãã
ïŒã¹ãŠãšãŒãã³ç¹èš±åºé¡770536âïŒïŒãããããªã
ããã®æè¡ã¯å°ãã宿œãããŠããªãã
çºæã®é瀺ïŒ
æè¡ç課é¡ïŒ
é·å¹ŽãæŒçœãã©ã³ãããã®æåºãè¯å¥œãªçµæžæ§
ãç¶æããªããã§ããã ãåšå²ã«å¯ŸããŠç¡å®³ã§ã
ããããªæ æ§ã§ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããæŒçœããåªå
ããªãããŠæ¥ãããã®ç¹ã«é¢ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã¯æŒçœ
ãã©ã³ãã«ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®å°å ¥éšåŠ
çãããªãã¡è±ãªã°ãã³ããã»ã¹ã®ããã®å€©ç¶è¬
åãšããŠç®ç«ã€ãŠãããããããªããããããŸã§
ã¯é žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã®äœ¿çšã«ãããèžè§£åŸã®ãã«ãäžã«æ®
ã€ãŠãããªã°ãã³ã®çŽåå以äžãé€å»ããããšã¯
äžå¯èœã§ãã€ããæ®åãªã°ãã³ã®æ®ãã®50ïŒ ã¯ã
å¡©çŽ ã嫿ããããŠç°å¢ã«å¯ŸããŠæå®³ã§ãªãæŒçœ
å€ã«ãã€ãŠäž»ãšããŠé€å»ãããªããã°ãªããªãã
ãã®ãããããäŸãã°ãç°å¢åé¡ã«é¢ããŠæãæ
å©ãªå¡©çŽ å«ææŒçœå€ã§ããäºé žåå¡©çŽ ã®ã¿ã䜿çš
ããã°ã該ããã»ã¹ã¯çµæžæ§ã«å¯ŸããŠé倧ãªè² æ
ãšãªããããã«åé¡ã®è¬åã®è£œé æã«å€éã®é»æ°
ãšãã«ã®ãŒãæ¶è²»ãããããã®ããã«ãããŸã§æ
æ¡ãããæŒçœæ¹æ³ã¯ãçµæžé¢ããã³ç°å¢ä¿è·é¢ã®
äž¡æ¹ã«æ¬ ç¹ãããã
ãç¶æããªããã§ããã ãåšå²ã«å¯ŸããŠç¡å®³ã§ã
ããããªæ æ§ã§ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããæŒçœããåªå
ããªãããŠæ¥ãããã®ç¹ã«é¢ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã¯æŒçœ
ãã©ã³ãã«ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®å°å ¥éšåŠ
çãããªãã¡è±ãªã°ãã³ããã»ã¹ã®ããã®å€©ç¶è¬
åãšããŠç®ç«ã€ãŠãããããããªããããããŸã§
ã¯é žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã®äœ¿çšã«ãããèžè§£åŸã®ãã«ãäžã«æ®
ã€ãŠãããªã°ãã³ã®çŽåå以äžãé€å»ããããšã¯
äžå¯èœã§ãã€ããæ®åãªã°ãã³ã®æ®ãã®50ïŒ ã¯ã
å¡©çŽ ã嫿ããããŠç°å¢ã«å¯ŸããŠæå®³ã§ãªãæŒçœ
å€ã«ãã€ãŠäž»ãšããŠé€å»ãããªããã°ãªããªãã
ãã®ãããããäŸãã°ãç°å¢åé¡ã«é¢ããŠæãæ
å©ãªå¡©çŽ å«ææŒçœå€ã§ããäºé žåå¡©çŽ ã®ã¿ã䜿çš
ããã°ã該ããã»ã¹ã¯çµæžæ§ã«å¯ŸããŠé倧ãªè² æ
ãšãªããããã«åé¡ã®è¬åã®è£œé æã«å€éã®é»æ°
ãšãã«ã®ãŒãæ¶è²»ãããããã®ããã«ãããŸã§æ
æ¡ãããæŒçœæ¹æ³ã¯ãçµæžé¢ããã³ç°å¢ä¿è·é¢ã®
äž¡æ¹ã«æ¬ ç¹ãããã
解決æ³ïŒ
ããã課é¡ã解決ããæ¬çºæã¯ããã«ããé
žçŽ
ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åã«äºé žåçªçŽ ã§æŽ»æ§åããããããŠ
掻æ§åã®åŸã§æ°Žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯åžèæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§æŽæµ
ããããäžçš®ãŸãã¯äºçš®ä»¥äžã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªã®ååšäž
ååŠçã«èžè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹
ã§è±ãªã°ãã³ããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããè©²æ¹æ³ã¯åé¡ã®èž
è§£æäœããã®èžè§£æ¶²ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéããã®å»æ¶²ã
ãã€ãŠãã«ããã眮æãããããŸãã¯ãã«ããã
æŽæµãããã®åŸãã«ãã該掻æ§å段éåŸã«æŽæµã
ããšãåŸãããé žæ§æŽæ¶²ããã€ãŠååŠçããããš
ãç¹åŸŽãšããã
ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åã«äºé žåçªçŽ ã§æŽ»æ§åããããããŠ
掻æ§åã®åŸã§æ°Žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯åžèæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§æŽæµ
ããããäžçš®ãŸãã¯äºçš®ä»¥äžã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªã®ååšäž
ååŠçã«èžè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹
ã§è±ãªã°ãã³ããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããè©²æ¹æ³ã¯åé¡ã®èž
è§£æäœããã®èžè§£æ¶²ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéããã®å»æ¶²ã
ãã€ãŠãã«ããã眮æãããããŸãã¯ãã«ããã
æŽæµãããã®åŸãã«ãã該掻æ§å段éåŸã«æŽæµã
ããšãåŸãããé žæ§æŽæ¶²ããã€ãŠååŠçããããš
ãç¹åŸŽãšããã
ãŸã€ããé©ãã¹ãããšã«ããã®ååŠçã®å°å
¥
ã¯ãå€éã®é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéãžè¿
éããããšãã§ãããããŠãŸãè©²é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»
æ¶²ã®è¿éãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åŠçã«é¢ããŠéžææ§ã®æ¹å
ïŒåçšåºŠã®ãªã°ãã³é€å»ãšæ¯èŒããŠçæ°Žåç©è§£é
åã®çšåºŠã®å°ãªãããšïŒãããããããšãå¯èœã«
ãããåŸã€ãŠå¥œé©ãªå ·äœäŸã¯ãäºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠç
ãããã«ãããã®é žæ§åå¿çæç©ã®äžéšã奜ãŸã
ãã¯å€§éšåãæŽæµé€å»ããåŸããã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹
段éãžå°å ¥ããåã«ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéããã®å»æ¶²ã§
ãã«ãã嫿µžããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããã
ã¯ãå€éã®é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéãžè¿
éããããšãã§ãããããŠãŸãè©²é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»
æ¶²ã®è¿éãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åŠçã«é¢ããŠéžææ§ã®æ¹å
ïŒåçšåºŠã®ãªã°ãã³é€å»ãšæ¯èŒããŠçæ°Žåç©è§£é
åã®çšåºŠã®å°ãªãããšïŒãããããããšãå¯èœã«
ãããåŸã€ãŠå¥œé©ãªå ·äœäŸã¯ãäºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠç
ãããã«ãããã®é žæ§åå¿çæç©ã®äžéšã奜ãŸã
ãã¯å€§éšåãæŽæµé€å»ããåŸããã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹
段éãžå°å ¥ããåã«ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéããã®å»æ¶²ã§
ãã«ãã嫿µžããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããã
ãã®ç©æ¥µç广ã¯ãé
žçŽ æ®µéã§çæãã廿¶²äž
ã«ååšããææ©ç©ããäºé žåçªçŽ ã§ã®æŽ»æ§å段é
ããã³æ¬çºæã«ãã該掻æ§å段éã«å è¡ããååŠ
çæ®µéãå è¡ããããšããçæ°Žåç©ãèªç¥ã§ãã
çšåºŠã«åè§£ãããçšåºŠã«åœ±é¿ãªããçŽæ¥ãŸãã¯é
æ¥ã«è±ãªã°ãã³ãä¿é²ãåŸããšããäºå®ã«èµ·å ã
ãããã«æãããã
ã«ååšããææ©ç©ããäºé žåçªçŽ ã§ã®æŽ»æ§å段é
ããã³æ¬çºæã«ãã該掻æ§å段éã«å è¡ããååŠ
çæ®µéãå è¡ããããšããçæ°Žåç©ãèªç¥ã§ãã
çšåºŠã«åè§£ãããçšåºŠã«åœ±é¿ãªããçŽæ¥ãŸãã¯é
æ¥ã«è±ãªã°ãã³ãä¿é²ãåŸããšããäºå®ã«èµ·å ã
ãããã«æãããã
ãã®æ¹æ³ã¯è¯å¥œãªåŒ·åºŠç¹æ§ããã¡ã«ããæ°ïŒä»¥
äžã®ãã«ãã®è£œé ãå¯èœã«ãããããŠç°å¢åé¡ç
ç±ã§ãããå¿ èŠãšããããšãã¯ããããæ¬çºæã®
奜é©ã®å¿çšäŸã§ãããåŸèšããããã«ãæªæŒçœã
ã«ãã®å€§å€æ°ãæŒçœãããšããåçããã³åŒ·åºŠç¹
æ§ã«é倧ã«åœ±é¿ãªãã«ïŒä»¥äžã®ã«ããæ°ãžéãã
ãããããçš®ã®æ·»å å€ãå¿ èŠã§ãããé«çšåºŠã®çœ
è²åºŠãäŸãã°ISOã«ãã90ïŒ ãæãŸãããšããæ¬
çºæã«ãã€ãŠãã«ããåŠçããåŸã該ãã«ãã¯äº
é žåå¡©çŽ ã«ãããäžæ®µéãŸãã¯äžéã«æœåºæ®µéã
ã¯ããäºæ®µéã®æçµåŠçã«ããããããããç«å°
æ¡ä»¶ãèš±ãã°ãäŸãã°é«å¡©åç©å«éãæããæ¶²ã
ççŒããããšãã§ããå Žåããã«ãã¯ãæ¬çºæã«
ããæ¹æ³ã宿œããåŸãå¡©çŽ ããã³ã¢ã«ã«ãªæœåº
段éãšãå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯æ¬¡äºå¡©çŽ é žå¡©ã®ãããªä»
ã®å ¬ç¥ã®æŒçœå€ãšã«ãããæçµçã«æŒçœãããã
ãšãã§ãããæçµæŒçœæ®µéã¯ãéé žåç©ããã³ãª
ãŸã³ã䜿çšããŠã宿œã§ãããããè±ãªã°ãã³ã
ãã€ãšäœçšåºŠã«ãäŸãã°ã«ããæ°ïŒãªãã10ãžå®
æœããã®ã§ããã°ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒ
çœæ®µéã¯ãå€ãã®æªæŒçœãã«ãã®å Žåãã¢ã«ã«
ãªãäŸãã°æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãçé žãããªãŠã ã
çé žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é žåããçœæ¶²
ãšé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ä»¥å€ã®è¬åãªãã§å®æœããããšãã§ã
ãã
äžã®ãã«ãã®è£œé ãå¯èœã«ãããããŠç°å¢åé¡ç
ç±ã§ãããå¿ èŠãšããããšãã¯ããããæ¬çºæã®
奜é©ã®å¿çšäŸã§ãããåŸèšããããã«ãæªæŒçœã
ã«ãã®å€§å€æ°ãæŒçœãããšããåçããã³åŒ·åºŠç¹
æ§ã«é倧ã«åœ±é¿ãªãã«ïŒä»¥äžã®ã«ããæ°ãžéãã
ãããããçš®ã®æ·»å å€ãå¿ èŠã§ãããé«çšåºŠã®çœ
è²åºŠãäŸãã°ISOã«ãã90ïŒ ãæãŸãããšããæ¬
çºæã«ãã€ãŠãã«ããåŠçããåŸã該ãã«ãã¯äº
é žåå¡©çŽ ã«ãããäžæ®µéãŸãã¯äžéã«æœåºæ®µéã
ã¯ããäºæ®µéã®æçµåŠçã«ããããããããç«å°
æ¡ä»¶ãèš±ãã°ãäŸãã°é«å¡©åç©å«éãæããæ¶²ã
ççŒããããšãã§ããå Žåããã«ãã¯ãæ¬çºæã«
ããæ¹æ³ã宿œããåŸãå¡©çŽ ããã³ã¢ã«ã«ãªæœåº
段éãšãå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯æ¬¡äºå¡©çŽ é žå¡©ã®ãããªä»
ã®å ¬ç¥ã®æŒçœå€ãšã«ãããæçµçã«æŒçœãããã
ãšãã§ãããæçµæŒçœæ®µéã¯ãéé žåç©ããã³ãª
ãŸã³ã䜿çšããŠã宿œã§ãããããè±ãªã°ãã³ã
ãã€ãšäœçšåºŠã«ãäŸãã°ã«ããæ°ïŒãªãã10ãžå®
æœããã®ã§ããã°ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒ
çœæ®µéã¯ãå€ãã®æªæŒçœãã«ãã®å Žåãã¢ã«ã«
ãªãäŸãã°æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãçé žãããªãŠã ã
çé žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é žåããçœæ¶²
ãšé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ä»¥å€ã®è¬åãªãã§å®æœããããšãã§ã
ãã
äºé
žåçªçŽ NO2ã¯ãN2O4ã®ãããªåäžååãšã
ãããŠå€åãã倧ããªåäœã§ååšããããããã¹
ãŠã¯äºãã«å¹³è¡¡ã«ããããããŠããã§ã¯äºé žåçª
çŽ ãšåŒã°ãããäºé žåçªçŽ ã¯ã奜é©ã«ã¯æ°äœã®åœ¢
ã§å°å ¥ããããäºé žåçªçŽ ã¯ãã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢ãé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹ãŸãã¯ç©ºæ°ã§ççŒããããšã«ããããŸãã¯ã
ãèªäœå ¬ç¥ã®ä»»æã®æ¹æ³ã§æŒçœãã©ã³ãã«ãããŠ
補é ããããšãã§ããããã®ççŒæäœããåŸãã
ãæ°äœæ··åç©ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯ããããå·åŽãã
åŸãæŒçœç®çã«å¯ŸããŠçŽæ¥äœ¿çšããããšãã§ã
ããäºé žåçªçŽ ã¯æ¶²äœã®åœ¢ã§èšéããããšãã§
ããããã¯äºé žåçªçŽ ãçŸå Žã§è£œé ãããªããšã
äžå±€äŸ¿å©ã§ããã
ãããŠå€åãã倧ããªåäœã§ååšããããããã¹
ãŠã¯äºãã«å¹³è¡¡ã«ããããããŠããã§ã¯äºé žåçª
çŽ ãšåŒã°ãããäºé žåçªçŽ ã¯ã奜é©ã«ã¯æ°äœã®åœ¢
ã§å°å ¥ããããäºé žåçªçŽ ã¯ãã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢ãé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹ãŸãã¯ç©ºæ°ã§ççŒããããšã«ããããŸãã¯ã
ãèªäœå ¬ç¥ã®ä»»æã®æ¹æ³ã§æŒçœãã©ã³ãã«ãããŠ
補é ããããšãã§ããããã®ççŒæäœããåŸãã
ãæ°äœæ··åç©ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯ããããå·åŽãã
åŸãæŒçœç®çã«å¯ŸããŠçŽæ¥äœ¿çšããããšãã§ã
ããäºé žåçªçŽ ã¯æ¶²äœã®åœ¢ã§èšéããããšãã§
ããããã¯äºé žåçªçŽ ãçŸå Žã§è£œé ãããªããšã
äžå±€äŸ¿å©ã§ããã
äºé
žåçªçŽ ã«ããæŽ»æ§åã¯ã奜é©ã«ã¯ãã«ãæ¿
床20ãªãã50ïŒ ã«ãããŠå®æœããããããŠä»èŸŒé
ã¯ãã«ãã®çµ¶ä¹Ÿééã«å¯ŸããŠ0.2ãªããïŒïŒ ã«é
ãããæé©ãã«ãæ¿åºŠã¯27ïŒ ä»¥äžã§ããããããŠ
奜é©ã«ã¯27ïŒ ä»¥äžãããå©çšã§ãããã¬ã¹è£ 眮ã§
éããããšã®ã§ããå€ãäŸãã°40ïŒ ãŸã§ã®éã«ã
ãã奜é©ãªå Žåããããã«ããæŽ»æ§å段éåã«ã
ã¬ã¹ããããªãã°ããã«ãã¯å¥œé©ã«ã¯åèšæŽ»æ§å
段éåã«ãå ¬ç¥æ¹æ³ã§ç²ç ïŒæ¯çŸœç«ãŠïŒãããã
ãã«ãã®æŽ»æ§åã¯å®€æž©ã§å®æœããŠãããããæŽ»æ§
åã¯é«æž©ãäŸãã°40ãªãã80âã®æž©åºŠã§ä¿é²ãã
ãããã€ãšé«ã枩床ãé©çšããããšãã§ãããã
ã«ãã¯ã奜é©ã«ã¯ïŒãªãã250ç§ã®é掻æ§åãã
ãããã«ãã®æŽ»æ§åã¯ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããšäºé ž
åçªçŽ ãšã®éã«ç·å¯ãªæ¥è§ŠãåŸããããããªæ æ§
ã§å®æœããããé£ç¶æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ããã«ãã¯å è£
ããæ¯åããŒãã«äžã§ããŸãã¯å転ãã©ã å ã§ã
ãŸãã¯ã¢ãŒã ãã¹ã¯ã¬ãŒããããã¯ãã«ããåé²
ããæ··åããã®ã«é©ããä»ã®æ©æ¢°çè£ çœ®ãåãã
åå¿å®¹åšäžã«ãããŠåé²ãããããšãã§ãããã
ã«ããæŽ»æ§åãŸãŒã³ãžå°å ¥ããåã«ããã«ãã¯å¥œ
é©ã«ã¯ç空åŠçãããã髿ž©ãäŸãã°80ãªãã
100âã®æž©åºŠåã§äœæ¥ãããšãã¯ãæéãäžè¬ã«
èšççã§ãããäœæž©ã§äœæ¥ãããšãã¯ã掻æ§å段
éã§çæããã坿º¶æ§åå¿çæç©ãæŽæµé€å»ãã
ãåã«ã250ç§ããé·ãæ»çæéãäŸãã°ïŒãªã
ã30åã®æ»çæéãé©çšããããšãã§ããã
床20ãªãã50ïŒ ã«ãããŠå®æœããããããŠä»èŸŒé
ã¯ãã«ãã®çµ¶ä¹Ÿééã«å¯ŸããŠ0.2ãªããïŒïŒ ã«é
ãããæé©ãã«ãæ¿åºŠã¯27ïŒ ä»¥äžã§ããããããŠ
奜é©ã«ã¯27ïŒ ä»¥äžãããå©çšã§ãããã¬ã¹è£ 眮ã§
éããããšã®ã§ããå€ãäŸãã°40ïŒ ãŸã§ã®éã«ã
ãã奜é©ãªå Žåããããã«ããæŽ»æ§å段éåã«ã
ã¬ã¹ããããªãã°ããã«ãã¯å¥œé©ã«ã¯åèšæŽ»æ§å
段éåã«ãå ¬ç¥æ¹æ³ã§ç²ç ïŒæ¯çŸœç«ãŠïŒãããã
ãã«ãã®æŽ»æ§åã¯å®€æž©ã§å®æœããŠãããããæŽ»æ§
åã¯é«æž©ãäŸãã°40ãªãã80âã®æž©åºŠã§ä¿é²ãã
ãããã€ãšé«ã枩床ãé©çšããããšãã§ãããã
ã«ãã¯ã奜é©ã«ã¯ïŒãªãã250ç§ã®é掻æ§åãã
ãããã«ãã®æŽ»æ§åã¯ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããšäºé ž
åçªçŽ ãšã®éã«ç·å¯ãªæ¥è§ŠãåŸããããããªæ æ§
ã§å®æœããããé£ç¶æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ããã«ãã¯å è£
ããæ¯åããŒãã«äžã§ããŸãã¯å転ãã©ã å ã§ã
ãŸãã¯ã¢ãŒã ãã¹ã¯ã¬ãŒããããã¯ãã«ããåé²
ããæ··åããã®ã«é©ããä»ã®æ©æ¢°çè£ çœ®ãåãã
åå¿å®¹åšäžã«ãããŠåé²ãããããšãã§ãããã
ã«ããæŽ»æ§åãŸãŒã³ãžå°å ¥ããåã«ããã«ãã¯å¥œ
é©ã«ã¯ç空åŠçãããã髿ž©ãäŸãã°80ãªãã
100âã®æž©åºŠåã§äœæ¥ãããšãã¯ãæéãäžè¬ã«
èšççã§ãããäœæž©ã§äœæ¥ãããšãã¯ã掻æ§å段
éã§çæããã坿º¶æ§åå¿çæç©ãæŽæµé€å»ãã
ãåã«ã250ç§ããé·ãæ»çæéãäŸãã°ïŒãªã
ã30åã®æ»çæéãé©çšããããšãã§ããã
ãã«ããæŽ»æ§å段éããã®å»æ¶²ã§åŠçããããš
ãå«ãååŠç段éã¯ã奜éœåã«ã¯ããã«ãæ¿åºŠïŒ
ãªãã20ïŒ ãäŸãã°20ãªãã80âã®æž©åºŠã«ãã
ãŠãäŸãã°ïŒãªãã60åé宿œããããïŒå以äž
ã®çæéãç©æ¥µçãªå¹æãäžããããšãããã€
ããçç±äžæã§ããããããçš®ã®ãã«ãã®å Žåã
äŸãã°30âã®æž©åºŠã«ãããŠæéã30åãžå»¶é·ãã
ãšããèããå¢å ãã广ãåŸãããã髿ž©ã«ã
ããŠã¯ãæ¥è§Šæéã¯é žå æ°Žåè§£ãèªç¥ã§ããã»ã©
èµ·ããªããããªçæéã§ãªããã°ãªããªããåŸã€
ãŠãã®æ®µéã«ããããã«ãã®ç²åºŠäœäžãææã§ãª
ããããªæ¡ä»¶ãéžæããç£èŠããªããã°ãªããª
ããé«åŒ·åºŠãèŠæ±ãããçŽãã«ãã補é ãããš
ãããã«ãã®åºæç²åºŠã®ïŒïŒ 以äžã®äœäžã¯é¿ããª
ããã°ãªããªããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åŸãåŸãããã
ã«ãã®åŒ·åºŠç¹æ§ãæãããããšãªãããããŠæ·»å
è¬åã®ã³ã¹ããæ¬çºæã®å®éçå¿çšã«ãšã€ãŠçŠæ¢
çãšãªãããšãªãã«ããã«ããã«ããæ°ïŒä»¥äžã«
è±ãªã°ãã³ããããã«ã¯ãååŠç段éãå®å£ã«ã
ããŠæ£ç¢ºã«å®æœããããšãå¿ èŠã§ããã
ãå«ãååŠç段éã¯ã奜éœåã«ã¯ããã«ãæ¿åºŠïŒ
ãªãã20ïŒ ãäŸãã°20ãªãã80âã®æž©åºŠã«ãã
ãŠãäŸãã°ïŒãªãã60åé宿œããããïŒå以äž
ã®çæéãç©æ¥µçãªå¹æãäžããããšãããã€
ããçç±äžæã§ããããããçš®ã®ãã«ãã®å Žåã
äŸãã°30âã®æž©åºŠã«ãããŠæéã30åãžå»¶é·ãã
ãšããèããå¢å ãã广ãåŸãããã髿ž©ã«ã
ããŠã¯ãæ¥è§Šæéã¯é žå æ°Žåè§£ãèªç¥ã§ããã»ã©
èµ·ããªããããªçæéã§ãªããã°ãªããªããåŸã€
ãŠãã®æ®µéã«ããããã«ãã®ç²åºŠäœäžãææã§ãª
ããããªæ¡ä»¶ãéžæããç£èŠããªããã°ãªããª
ããé«åŒ·åºŠãèŠæ±ãããçŽãã«ãã補é ãããš
ãããã«ãã®åºæç²åºŠã®ïŒïŒ 以äžã®äœäžã¯é¿ããª
ããã°ãªããªããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åŸãåŸãããã
ã«ãã®åŒ·åºŠç¹æ§ãæãããããšãªãããããŠæ·»å
è¬åã®ã³ã¹ããæ¬çºæã®å®éçå¿çšã«ãšã€ãŠçŠæ¢
çãšãªãããšãªãã«ããã«ããã«ããæ°ïŒä»¥äžã«
è±ãªã°ãã³ããããã«ã¯ãååŠç段éãå®å£ã«ã
ããŠæ£ç¢ºã«å®æœããããšãå¿ èŠã§ããã
éåžžãååŠçããåŸããã廿¶²ã¯ãéããã³ïŒ
ãŸãã¯å€åãã«ãæ¿çž®ã®ä»ã®å ¬ç¥æ¹æ³ãäŸãã°ã
ã«ãããã¬ã¹ããããšã«ãã€ãŠé€å»ãããã容æ
ã«ãããã§ãããããäœåã®ååŠçæ¶²ã¯å¥œéœåã«
該ååŠç段éãžè¿éããããšãã§ããããããã®
ããã«æããªãã°ããã«ããžä»çããååŠçæ¶²
ã¯ããã«ããæ¬çºæã«ããåŒç¶ããŠã®åŠçã«ãã
ãåã«ãäŸãã°ãã«ããäºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠçããå
ã«ãæ°Žãããã¯æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§çœ®æãŸãã¯æŽæµããããš
ãã§ãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ã¯ç³»å ã«ååšããã«
ã«ã·ãŠã ããã°ãã·ãŠã ããã³ã¬ã³ãé ããã³é
ã®ãããªäºäŸ¡ãŸãã¯äžäŸ¡ã®éå±ã€ãªã³ãšé¯å¡©ã圢
æãã倿°ã®ææ©ååç©ã嫿ãããšããäºå®ã«
ããããããããã«ããžé·ç§»éå±ã«å¯Ÿããé¯å¡©åœ¢
æå€ãäŸãã°ã¢ããããªãã¹ãã³é žãã¢ããããª
ã«ã«ããã·ã«é žãŸãã¯ãã®ããã»ã¹ã«ãªãã¿ã®ãª
ãä»ã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®äžçš®ãŸãã¯äºçš®ä»¥äžããé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åãŸãã¯éäžã§å°å ¥ããã®ã奜é©ã§ã
ãããšãèŠåºãããããããŸã§æ€èšãããã«ãã®
å Žåãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããããã»ã¹ã«ãªãã¿ã®ãªã
é¯å¡©ã䜿çšãããããŠçæããé·ç§»éå±é¯å¡©ãäŸ
ãã°ãéããã³ïŒãŸãã¯æŽæµã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µé
ã®åã«é€å»ããã®ãæå©ã§ããããšã倿ããã
ãããé¯ååç©ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéåã«é€å»ãããšã
ããããé©åºŠã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€å«éãå®éã®é žçŽ æŒçœ
åŠçããã»ã¹ã®éååšããããã«ããã«é¯å¡©åœ¢æ
å€ãåŸã«æ·»å ããããšãæ£åœåãããã
ãŸãã¯å€åãã«ãæ¿çž®ã®ä»ã®å ¬ç¥æ¹æ³ãäŸãã°ã
ã«ãããã¬ã¹ããããšã«ãã€ãŠé€å»ãããã容æ
ã«ãããã§ãããããäœåã®ååŠçæ¶²ã¯å¥œéœåã«
該ååŠç段éãžè¿éããããšãã§ããããããã®
ããã«æããªãã°ããã«ããžä»çããååŠçæ¶²
ã¯ããã«ããæ¬çºæã«ããåŒç¶ããŠã®åŠçã«ãã
ãåã«ãäŸãã°ãã«ããäºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠçããå
ã«ãæ°Žãããã¯æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§çœ®æãŸãã¯æŽæµããããš
ãã§ãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ã¯ç³»å ã«ååšããã«
ã«ã·ãŠã ããã°ãã·ãŠã ããã³ã¬ã³ãé ããã³é
ã®ãããªäºäŸ¡ãŸãã¯äžäŸ¡ã®éå±ã€ãªã³ãšé¯å¡©ã圢
æãã倿°ã®ææ©ååç©ã嫿ãããšããäºå®ã«
ããããããããã«ããžé·ç§»éå±ã«å¯Ÿããé¯å¡©åœ¢
æå€ãäŸãã°ã¢ããããªãã¹ãã³é žãã¢ããããª
ã«ã«ããã·ã«é žãŸãã¯ãã®ããã»ã¹ã«ãªãã¿ã®ãª
ãä»ã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®äžçš®ãŸãã¯äºçš®ä»¥äžããé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åãŸãã¯éäžã§å°å ¥ããã®ã奜é©ã§ã
ãããšãèŠåºãããããããŸã§æ€èšãããã«ãã®
å Žåãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããããã»ã¹ã«ãªãã¿ã®ãªã
é¯å¡©ã䜿çšãããããŠçæããé·ç§»éå±é¯å¡©ãäŸ
ãã°ãéããã³ïŒãŸãã¯æŽæµã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µé
ã®åã«é€å»ããã®ãæå©ã§ããããšã倿ããã
ãããé¯ååç©ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéåã«é€å»ãããšã
ããããé©åºŠã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€å«éãå®éã®é žçŽ æŒçœ
åŠçããã»ã¹ã®éååšããããã«ããã«é¯å¡©åœ¢æ
å€ãåŸã«æ·»å ããããšãæ£åœåãããã
éåžžãæ·»å ãæŽ»æ§å段éã®éäžãŸãã¯åŸã«ã奜
ãŸããã¯æŽ»æ§å段éããã®å»æ¶²ã®å€§éšåããã«ã
ããé€å»ããããããŠçæããé¯å¡©ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µ
éåã«é€å»ãããåŸãå ãã«é žæ§ã®åªäœäžã«ãªã
ãããšããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®å°éãäŸãã°ãã«ãïœåœ
ã0.1Kgã«ããæå€§ã®å¹æãåŸããããããé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹è±ãªã°ãã³ãã«ããæ°ïŒä»¥äžãŸã§ç¶ç¶ããã
ãšãããªãã°ããã«ãïœåœããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®ãã€
ãšå€éãäŸãã°0.1ãªããïŒKgããŸãã¯ãã®ãã
ã»ã¹ã«ãªãã¿ã®ãªãé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®å€§éãæ·»å ãã
ããšããã°ãã°å¿ èŠã§ããããã®ãããªå Žåãã
ããæ·»å ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯äŸãã°ãã³ã¬ã³ã®é¯å¡©ã
ãã«ãïŒé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹åšãžå ¥ã€ãŠè¡ãé䌎液ã
å«ãã§ããïŒããé€å»ããããããŠé·ç§»éå±ãžçµ
åãããªããªã¬ã³ããå«ãã§ããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ãå®
éã®é žçŽ ã¬ã¹è±ãªã°ãã³ããã»ã¹äžååšãããã
ã«ããã®ããã»ã¹ã«ãããä»ã®å Žæã«å¯ŸããŠå¥œé©
ã«ãªãããããšãã§ããã
ãŸããã¯æŽ»æ§å段éããã®å»æ¶²ã®å€§éšåããã«ã
ããé€å»ããããããŠçæããé¯å¡©ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µ
éåã«é€å»ãããåŸãå ãã«é žæ§ã®åªäœäžã«ãªã
ãããšããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®å°éãäŸãã°ãã«ãïœåœ
ã0.1Kgã«ããæå€§ã®å¹æãåŸããããããé žçŽ
ã¬ã¹è±ãªã°ãã³ãã«ããæ°ïŒä»¥äžãŸã§ç¶ç¶ããã
ãšãããªãã°ããã«ãïœåœããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®ãã€
ãšå€éãäŸãã°0.1ãªããïŒKgããŸãã¯ãã®ãã
ã»ã¹ã«ãªãã¿ã®ãªãé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®å€§éãæ·»å ãã
ããšããã°ãã°å¿ èŠã§ããããã®ãããªå Žåãã
ããæ·»å ã¯ã奜ãŸããã¯äŸãã°ãã³ã¬ã³ã®é¯å¡©ã
ãã«ãïŒé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹åšãžå ¥ã€ãŠè¡ãé䌎液ã
å«ãã§ããïŒããé€å»ããããããŠé·ç§»éå±ãžçµ
åãããªããªã¬ã³ããå«ãã§ããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ãå®
éã®é žçŽ ã¬ã¹è±ãªã°ãã³ããã»ã¹äžååšãããã
ã«ããã®ããã»ã¹ã«ãããä»ã®å Žæã«å¯ŸããŠå¥œé©
ã«ãªãããããšãã§ããã
é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯ãä»ç溶液ã®PHãïŒä»¥äžã奜é©ã«
ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãªããïŒã«ãããŠãã«ã
ã«å¯ŸããŠäŸçµŠãããªããã°ãªããªãããã®åŠçã¯
çæéãäŸãã°ïŒåéç¶ããããšãã§ããããåŠ
çããã»ã¹ãäŸãã°30ãªãã90åãžå»¶é·ãããš
ããæ¹åãããéžææ§ããã°ãã°åŸããããåŠç
ããã»ã¹ãPHïŒãªããïŒã§éå§ãããšããçãã
åŠçæéãäŸãã°å šåŠçæéã®10ïŒ ãå«ãæéã®
åŸãPHãïŒãªããïŒãžäžæããã®ãæå©ã§ããã
é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã§ã®åŠçããã»ã¹ã¯ã20ãªãã100âã
奜ãŸããã¯20ãªãã60âã®æž©åºŠã§å¥œé©ã«å®æœãã
ããäœPHãäŸãã°PHïŒãªããïŒãé©çšãããšãã
æéããã³æž©åºŠã¯èªç¥ãåŸããã«ãç²åºŠã®äœäžã
èµ·ããªãããã«é©åããŠããªããã°ãªããªãã
ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãªããïŒã«ãããŠãã«ã
ã«å¯ŸããŠäŸçµŠãããªããã°ãªããªãããã®åŠçã¯
çæéãäŸãã°ïŒåéç¶ããããšãã§ããããåŠ
çããã»ã¹ãäŸãã°30ãªãã90åãžå»¶é·ãããš
ããæ¹åãããéžææ§ããã°ãã°åŸããããåŠç
ããã»ã¹ãPHïŒãªããïŒã§éå§ãããšããçãã
åŠçæéãäŸãã°å šåŠçæéã®10ïŒ ãå«ãæéã®
åŸãPHãïŒãªããïŒãžäžæããã®ãæå©ã§ããã
é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã§ã®åŠçããã»ã¹ã¯ã20ãªãã100âã
奜ãŸããã¯20ãªãã60âã®æž©åºŠã§å¥œé©ã«å®æœãã
ããäœPHãäŸãã°PHïŒãªããïŒãé©çšãããšãã
æéããã³æž©åºŠã¯èªç¥ãåŸããã«ãç²åºŠã®äœäžã
èµ·ããªãããã«é©åããŠããªããã°ãªããªãã
ãã®ããã»ã¹ã®ããã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®éžå®ã¯ãå°
ãªããšãäžçš®ã®æ·»å ããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ãPHïŒã«ãã
ãå®å®å®æ°ããã°ãã·ãŠã é¯å¡©ã®å°ãªããšã1000
åã奜ãŸããã¯å°ãªããšã10000åã§ãããã³ã¬
ã³é¯å¡©ã圢æããããã«ãªãããªããã°ãªããª
ãã
ãªããšãäžçš®ã®æ·»å ããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ãPHïŒã«ãã
ãå®å®å®æ°ããã°ãã·ãŠã é¯å¡©ã®å°ãªããšã1000
åã奜ãŸããã¯å°ãªããšã10000åã§ãããã³ã¬
ã³é¯å¡©ã圢æããããã«ãªãããªããã°ãªããª
ãã
ç¹ã«æå©ãªçµæã¯ãå°ãªããšãïŒåã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ïŒåã®çªçŽ ååãšãå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ãã¹ãã³
é žåºã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒåã®ãã¹ãã³é žåºãå«ãé¯å¡©
圢æå€ã䜿çšãããšãã«åŸãããããã®ã¿ã€ãã®
奜é©ãªååç©ã¯ãåèªãïŒåãŸãã¯ïŒåã®ã¡ãã¬
ã³åºãžçµåãããæ°åã®çªçŽ ååãæãããã®ã§
ãããã¢ããã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žãæå©ã«äœ¿çšã§
ããããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹
ãã³é žã䜿çšãããšããç¹å¥ã«è¯ãçµæãåŸãã
ããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®ä»ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã¯ãæ £çšã®é žçŽ ã¬
ã¹æŒçœããã»ã¹ã«é¢ããŠåã§è«ãããã®ã§ããã
äŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é žã®ãããªããª
ã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žã§ããããããŠç¹ã«ããé·
ç§»éå±ãšã®é¯å¡©ã®å€§éšåãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéåã«é€å»
ããããªãã°ããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿é ¢é ž
ãæå©ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ãããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯é
é¢é žãŸãã¯å¡©ãäŸãã°ãããªãŠã å¡©ãŸãã¯ãã°ã
ã·ãŠã å¡©ã®åœ¢ã§æ·»å ããããšãã§ããã
ã¯ïŒåã®çªçŽ ååãšãå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ãã¹ãã³
é žåºã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒåã®ãã¹ãã³é žåºãå«ãé¯å¡©
圢æå€ã䜿çšãããšãã«åŸãããããã®ã¿ã€ãã®
奜é©ãªååç©ã¯ãåèªãïŒåãŸãã¯ïŒåã®ã¡ãã¬
ã³åºãžçµåãããæ°åã®çªçŽ ååãæãããã®ã§
ãããã¢ããã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žãæå©ã«äœ¿çšã§
ããããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹
ãã³é žã䜿çšãããšããç¹å¥ã«è¯ãçµæãåŸãã
ããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®ä»ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã¯ãæ £çšã®é žçŽ ã¬
ã¹æŒçœããã»ã¹ã«é¢ããŠåã§è«ãããã®ã§ããã
äŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é žã®ãããªããª
ã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žã§ããããããŠç¹ã«ããé·
ç§»éå±ãšã®é¯å¡©ã®å€§éšåãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéåã«é€å»
ããããªãã°ããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿é ¢é ž
ãæå©ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ãããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯é
é¢é žãŸãã¯å¡©ãäŸãã°ãããªãŠã å¡©ãŸãã¯ãã°ã
ã·ãŠã å¡©ã®åœ¢ã§æ·»å ããããšãã§ããã
åé ã§è¿°ã¹ãããã«ãéåžžã®é
žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœæ³ã§
ã¯çæ°Žåç©ãéå°ã®ç Žå£ããä¿è·ããããã«ãã°
ãã·ãŠã ååç©ãæ·»å ããã®ãæ®éã®æäœã§ã
ãããã«ãã®æŽ»æ§åããã³ååŠçã¯å®è³ªäžãã倧
ããæè¡ç广ãæããããã©ããæ¬çºæã«ãã
æ¹æ³ã宿œãããšããã®ãããªæ·»å ãæå©ã«è¡ã
ããšãã§ãããããååŠçæäœã广çã§ãã
ã°ãå°ãªããšãé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ãåè¿°ããæ æ§ã§æ·»å
ããããšãã¯ãèªç¥ãåŸãäžå©çãªãã«ãã°ãã·
ãŠã ã®æ·»å ãçç¥ããããšãã§ããã
ã¯çæ°Žåç©ãéå°ã®ç Žå£ããä¿è·ããããã«ãã°
ãã·ãŠã ååç©ãæ·»å ããã®ãæ®éã®æäœã§ã
ãããã«ãã®æŽ»æ§åããã³ååŠçã¯å®è³ªäžãã倧
ããæè¡ç广ãæããããã©ããæ¬çºæã«ãã
æ¹æ³ã宿œãããšããã®ãããªæ·»å ãæå©ã«è¡ã
ããšãã§ãããããååŠçæäœã广çã§ãã
ã°ãå°ãªããšãé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ãåè¿°ããæ æ§ã§æ·»å
ããããšãã¯ãèªç¥ãåŸãäžå©çãªãã«ãã°ãã·
ãŠã ã®æ·»å ãçç¥ããããšãã§ããã
æ¬çºæã®ããæ¹æ³ã宿œãããšããåèšã®é¯å¡©
圢æå€ã®å°å ¥ã«ãããéžææ§ã倧ããæ¹åãã
ãã
圢æå€ã®å°å ¥ã«ãããéžææ§ã倧ããæ¹åãã
ãã
ãã®ããã»ã¹ã«ãªãã¿ã®ãªãé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ããã³
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®åŠçã®éã«çæããé¯å¡©åœ¢æ
å€ã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ã«å€æ°ã®ç¹ã§åœ±é¿ããã
ãæ ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®ç Žå£ã«å€§ãã圱é¿ããããšãª
ãã«ãã«ãã®é«çšåºŠè±ãªã°ãã³ã容æã«ããåå¿
ã確ç«ããããšãå¯èœã§ãã€ããæ£ã®å¹æãäžã
ãããšã®ã»ãã«ãé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯è² ã®å¹æãäŸãã°
è±ãªã°ãã³è§Šåªã§ããããããŠã»ã«ããŒã¹åè§£ã«
察ããä¿è·ç©è³ªïŒæ°Žé žåãã°ãã·ãŠã ïŒã§ããã
ã³ã¬ã³ååç©ã®é€å»ãã广ãæããããŸããã
æ¡ä»¶äžã§ã¯ããã³ã¬ã³ååç©ã¯é žçŽ ã¬ã¹è±ãªã°ã
ã³ããã»ã¹ã«ãããŠçæ°Žåç©ãåè§£ããæå¹ã«ä¿
è·ããããšãç¥ãããŠãããïŒManoucheri O.
SamuelsonãSvensk Papperstidningã80
ïŒ1977ïŒ381ãããã³ã¹ãŠãšãŒãã³ç¹èš±åºé¡76
01935âïŒïŒãããããªããæ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ãå®
æœãããšããæè¯ã®éžææ§ã¯ãã«ãã®ãã³ã¬ã³å«
éãæäœã®å šæéäžãã«ãKgåœãMnãšããŠ70ãª
ãã150mgããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœãã«ãKgåœãïŒmg以
äžã®å€ãžäœäžããããšãã«åŸãããããšã倿ã
ãã察æ¯ã§ããæ¡ä»¶äžãé žçŽ æŒçœãã«ãã®é«ãã³
ã¬ã³å«éã§ã¯äœãéžæåºŠãåŸãããããããã®çµ
æãããã®ãããªçµæã¯çŽæ¥ãã³ã¬ã³å«éã«ãã
ãã®ã§ãããšã¯ãããªããããããªããäºãã«ç°
ãªãåºçºãã«ãã«é¢ããŠãã®ããã»ã¹ãæé©åã
ããšããæ¡ä»¶ãå€éã®ãã³ã¬ã³ããã«ããããã
ã»ã¹ã®ã§ããã ãåæã®æ®µéã«ãããŠé€å»ããã
ãããªãã®ã§ãããšããèããæ¹åãåŸãããã
ãšã倿ããã
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®åŠçã®éã«çæããé¯å¡©åœ¢æ
å€ã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ã«å€æ°ã®ç¹ã§åœ±é¿ããã
ãæ ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®ç Žå£ã«å€§ãã圱é¿ããããšãª
ãã«ãã«ãã®é«çšåºŠè±ãªã°ãã³ã容æã«ããåå¿
ã確ç«ããããšãå¯èœã§ãã€ããæ£ã®å¹æãäžã
ãããšã®ã»ãã«ãé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯è² ã®å¹æãäŸãã°
è±ãªã°ãã³è§Šåªã§ããããããŠã»ã«ããŒã¹åè§£ã«
察ããä¿è·ç©è³ªïŒæ°Žé žåãã°ãã·ãŠã ïŒã§ããã
ã³ã¬ã³ååç©ã®é€å»ãã广ãæããããŸããã
æ¡ä»¶äžã§ã¯ããã³ã¬ã³ååç©ã¯é žçŽ ã¬ã¹è±ãªã°ã
ã³ããã»ã¹ã«ãããŠçæ°Žåç©ãåè§£ããæå¹ã«ä¿
è·ããããšãç¥ãããŠãããïŒManoucheri O.
SamuelsonãSvensk Papperstidningã80
ïŒ1977ïŒ381ãããã³ã¹ãŠãšãŒãã³ç¹èš±åºé¡76
01935âïŒïŒãããããªããæ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ãå®
æœãããšããæè¯ã®éžææ§ã¯ãã«ãã®ãã³ã¬ã³å«
éãæäœã®å šæéäžãã«ãKgåœãMnãšããŠ70ãª
ãã150mgããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœãã«ãKgåœãïŒmg以
äžã®å€ãžäœäžããããšãã«åŸãããããšã倿ã
ãã察æ¯ã§ããæ¡ä»¶äžãé žçŽ æŒçœãã«ãã®é«ãã³
ã¬ã³å«éã§ã¯äœãéžæåºŠãåŸãããããããã®çµ
æãããã®ãããªçµæã¯çŽæ¥ãã³ã¬ã³å«éã«ãã
ãã®ã§ãããšã¯ãããªããããããªããäºãã«ç°
ãªãåºçºãã«ãã«é¢ããŠãã®ããã»ã¹ãæé©åã
ããšããæ¡ä»¶ãå€éã®ãã³ã¬ã³ããã«ããããã
ã»ã¹ã®ã§ããã ãåæã®æ®µéã«ãããŠé€å»ããã
ãããªãã®ã§ãããšããèããæ¹åãåŸãããã
ãšã倿ããã
ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã¯é
žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœããã»ã¹äžçº
çããéé žåç©ãšåå¿ããã®é žã€ãªã³ããã³æ°ŽçŽ
ãçæããããšãå ¬ç¥ã§ããããã®ããšã¯ãæ®é
ã®é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœæ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãéé žåç©ãšããªãŒ
ã©ãžã«ã«ãçºçãããé·ç§»éå±ååç©ãšã®éã®å
å¿ã¯æå¶ãããããšãæå³ãããããã¯ã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ã®è§£éåãæžå°ãããã
çããéé žåç©ãšåå¿ããã®é žã€ãªã³ããã³æ°ŽçŽ
ãçæããããšãå ¬ç¥ã§ããããã®ããšã¯ãæ®é
ã®é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœæ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãéé žåç©ãšããªãŒ
ã©ãžã«ã«ãçºçãããé·ç§»éå±ååç©ãšã®éã®å
å¿ã¯æå¶ãããããšãæå³ãããããã¯ã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ã®è§£éåãæžå°ãããã
宿œãããã¹ãã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠ
ã¯ããã劚害åå¿ã¯æçã§ãªãããã©ãããã«ã
ã¢ã«ãããã¯ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®åè§£ã黿¢ããã°ãã
ã§ãªããæ£å³ã®å¹æã¯æ¹åãããéžææ§ã§ããã
ãã©ããè±ãªã°ãã³ããé»å®³ããããã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããã®æ·»å ã«ããïŒäŸãã°ãã«ã也ç¥ééã®0.5
ïŒ ã®æ·»å ïŒã«ããéæãããæå€§ã®å¹æã該添å
ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéåã«è¡ããšãã«åŸãããããã©ã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ããããŸãã¯ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããããçãã
ä»ã®å ¬ç¥ã®ç©è³ªããã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã®ä»£ãã«çšã
ãããšãã§ãããçºçããæ°ŽçŽ ã¬ã¹ã¯ãäŸãã°è©²
ã¬ã¹ãããèªäœå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§æ¥è§Šçã«æ°Žãžå€æã
ãããšã«ããåå¿å®¹åšããé€å»ããããšãã§ã
ãã
ã¯ããã劚害åå¿ã¯æçã§ãªãããã©ãããã«ã
ã¢ã«ãããã¯ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®åè§£ã黿¢ããã°ãã
ã§ãªããæ£å³ã®å¹æã¯æ¹åãããéžææ§ã§ããã
ãã©ããè±ãªã°ãã³ããé»å®³ããããã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããã®æ·»å ã«ããïŒäŸãã°ãã«ã也ç¥ééã®0.5
ïŒ ã®æ·»å ïŒã«ããéæãããæå€§ã®å¹æã該添å
ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéåã«è¡ããšãã«åŸãããããã©ã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ããããŸãã¯ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããããçãã
ä»ã®å ¬ç¥ã®ç©è³ªããã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã®ä»£ãã«çšã
ãããšãã§ãããçºçããæ°ŽçŽ ã¬ã¹ã¯ãäŸãã°è©²
ã¬ã¹ãããèªäœå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§æ¥è§Šçã«æ°Žãžå€æã
ãããšã«ããåå¿å®¹åšããé€å»ããããšãã§ã
ãã
ããéåžžã«äœããªã°ãã³å«éãæã€ãã«ããåŸ
ãããšããã°ãããã¯æ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ãå埩ã
ãããšã«ããéæããããšãã§ãããæ¬çºæã«ã
ãæ¹æ³ãNO2âO2ã§è¡šããã°ãåèšãã«ãã¯
NO2âO2âNO2âO2ã®ç³»åã«ããåŸãããã
ãããšããã°ãããã¯æ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ãå埩ã
ãããšã«ããéæããããšãã§ãããæ¬çºæã«ã
ãæ¹æ³ãNO2âO2ã§è¡šããã°ãåèšãã«ãã¯
NO2âO2âNO2âO2ã®ç³»åã«ããåŸãããã
ãã«ãã®é
žçŽ æŒçœã¯ãã«ãæ¿åºŠïŒãªãã40ïŒ
ã
奜é©ã«ã¯ïŒãªãã35ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯27ãªãã34ïŒ
ã§å®æœããããšãã§ãããå šã¢ã«ã«ãªæ·»å éã¯ã
ãã«ãééã«å¯ŸããŠNaOHãšããŠèšç®ããŠïŒãª
ãã10ïŒ ãšããããšãã§ãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéãžäœ
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ·»å ãäŸãã°1.5ãªããæé«ïŒïŒ NaOH
ã®æ·»å ã䜿çšãããããŠé žçŽ ã¬ã¹å»æ¶²ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹
段éãžè¿éããã®ãç¹ã«æå©ã§ããããšã倿ã
ãã奜éœåã«ã¯ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åŠçã«å¯ŸããŠæ®éãã
çããåŠçæéãäŸãã°60ãªãã500åã奜é©ã«
ã¯90ãªãã300åã奜ãŸããã¯90ãªãã180åã䜿
çšããããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã«ãããåŠç枩床ã¯ã90
ãªãã135âã奜é©ã«ã¯100ãªãã130âã奜ãŸã
ãã¯100ãªãã115âã§ãããç³»ãžãã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ããæ·»å ãããå ·äœäŸã§ã¯ã奜ãŸããæž©åºŠã¯115
ãªãã130âã§ããããã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã¯æ¬çºæ
ã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœäžè±ãªã°ãã³ãé»å®³ããã«ã
ãããããã髿ž©åºŠãé©çšããããšã«ããåŠçæ
éãããããççž®ããããšãã§ããã
奜é©ã«ã¯ïŒãªãã35ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯27ãªãã34ïŒ
ã§å®æœããããšãã§ãããå šã¢ã«ã«ãªæ·»å éã¯ã
ãã«ãééã«å¯ŸããŠNaOHãšããŠèšç®ããŠïŒãª
ãã10ïŒ ãšããããšãã§ãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéãžäœ
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ·»å ãäŸãã°1.5ãªããæé«ïŒïŒ NaOH
ã®æ·»å ã䜿çšãããããŠé žçŽ ã¬ã¹å»æ¶²ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹
段éãžè¿éããã®ãç¹ã«æå©ã§ããããšã倿ã
ãã奜éœåã«ã¯ãé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åŠçã«å¯ŸããŠæ®éãã
çããåŠçæéãäŸãã°60ãªãã500åã奜é©ã«
ã¯90ãªãã300åã奜ãŸããã¯90ãªãã180åã䜿
çšããããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã«ãããåŠç枩床ã¯ã90
ãªãã135âã奜é©ã«ã¯100ãªãã130âã奜ãŸã
ãã¯100ãªãã115âã§ãããç³»ãžãã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ããæ·»å ãããå ·äœäŸã§ã¯ã奜ãŸããæž©åºŠã¯115
ãªãã130âã§ããããã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã¯æ¬çºæ
ã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœäžè±ãªã°ãã³ãé»å®³ããã«ã
ãããããã髿ž©åºŠãé©çšããããšã«ããåŠçæ
éãããããççž®ããããšãã§ããã
å¹ æïŒ
æ¬çºæã«ãããæ¯èŒçå®äŸ¡ã§ããããŠçŒåŽãã
ããšã«ããç¡å®³ãšããããšãã§ãããããŠåçŽåš
ãžæåºããå¿ èŠã®ãªã廿¶²ãçããè¬åã䜿çšã
ãããšã«ãããæŒçœãã©ã³ãã«ãããŠãã«ãã®ã«
ããæ°ãå€§å¹ ã«äœãããããšãå¯èœã§ããããã
ãã®å»æ¶²ã®ççŒã¯ãç³»ããå¡©åç©ãæé€ãããã
ã®ç¹å¥ã®åŠçœ®ãªãã«ãèžè§£å»æ¶²ã®ççŒãšå䜵ãã
ããšãã§ããããã®ããã«ãæ¬çºæã¯å®äŸ¡ã§ãã
ãŠç°å¢ã«ãšã€ãŠå¥œãŸããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã®å€§èŠæš¡ãªäœ¿çš
æ³ãæäŸãããæ¬çºæã«ããåŠçã®åŸã«ãã«ãäž
ã«æ®åãããªã°ãã³å«éã¯äœãã®ã§ããã«ããæ
çµçã«æŒçœããã®ã«èŠããå¡©çŽ å«ææŒçœå€ã®éã¯
æ¢ç¥ã®æŒçœæ¹æ³ãããäœçšå°ãªããåŸã€ãŠåé¡ã®
ãã«ã補é ãã©ã³ãã«åœ¹ç«ã€å容äœã®æ±æã¯éåžž
ã«å°ãªãã
ããšã«ããç¡å®³ãšããããšãã§ãããããŠåçŽåš
ãžæåºããå¿ èŠã®ãªã廿¶²ãçããè¬åã䜿çšã
ãããšã«ãããæŒçœãã©ã³ãã«ãããŠãã«ãã®ã«
ããæ°ãå€§å¹ ã«äœãããããšãå¯èœã§ããããã
ãã®å»æ¶²ã®ççŒã¯ãç³»ããå¡©åç©ãæé€ãããã
ã®ç¹å¥ã®åŠçœ®ãªãã«ãèžè§£å»æ¶²ã®ççŒãšå䜵ãã
ããšãã§ããããã®ããã«ãæ¬çºæã¯å®äŸ¡ã§ãã
ãŠç°å¢ã«ãšã€ãŠå¥œãŸããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã®å€§èŠæš¡ãªäœ¿çš
æ³ãæäŸãããæ¬çºæã«ããåŠçã®åŸã«ãã«ãäž
ã«æ®åãããªã°ãã³å«éã¯äœãã®ã§ããã«ããæ
çµçã«æŒçœããã®ã«èŠããå¡©çŽ å«ææŒçœå€ã®éã¯
æ¢ç¥ã®æŒçœæ¹æ³ãããäœçšå°ãªããåŸã€ãŠåé¡ã®
ãã«ã補é ãã©ã³ãã«åœ¹ç«ã€å容äœã®æ±æã¯éåžž
ã«å°ãªãã
å³é¢ã®ç°¡åãªèª¬æïŒ
第ïŒå³ã¯æ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ã®å¥œãŸããå
·äœäŸã®
ãããŒã·ãŒãã§ããã
ãããŒã·ãŒãã§ããã
çºæã宿œããæè¯ã®åœ¢æ
ïŒ
æ¬çºæã«ããæ¹æ³ã䜿çšããè€æ°ã®å®éšã宿œ
ããããããŠãã®æ¹æ³ã®åºæ¬åçããã³éæãã
ãçµæã以äžã®å®æœäŸäžã«äžããããŠããã
ããããããŠãã®æ¹æ³ã®åºæ¬åçããã³éæãã
ãçµæã以äžã®å®æœäŸäžã«äžããããŠããã
宿œäŸ ïŒ
第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºããããŒã·ãŒãã«åŸã€ãŠå®éšãè¡ã
ãããèžè§£è£ 眮ïŒã§èžè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ã
ã¯ããã©ã³ãå šäœãèµ°ãå°ç®¡ïŒãéã€ãŠç¬¬ïŒãã
ã³ç¬¬ïŒã®åŠç容åšïŒããã³ïŒãžéããããæ¬¡ã«ã
ã«ãã¯æŽ»æ§ååå¿å®¹åšïŒãžããããŠç¬¬ïŒã®åŠç容
åšïŒãžéãããæåŸã«æŒçœå¡ïŒé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹
åšïŒïŒäžã§åŠçããããæŽ»æ§ååå¿å®¹åšïŒå ã§ã
ãã«ãã¯äºé žåçªçŽ NO2ãšåå¿ããããã仿¹
æŒçœå¡ïŒäžã§ãã«ãã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªç°å¢ã§é žçŽ ã¬ã¹è±
ãªã°ãã³ã«ãããããã
ãããèžè§£è£ 眮ïŒã§èžè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ã
ã¯ããã©ã³ãå šäœãèµ°ãå°ç®¡ïŒãéã€ãŠç¬¬ïŒãã
ã³ç¬¬ïŒã®åŠç容åšïŒããã³ïŒãžéããããæ¬¡ã«ã
ã«ãã¯æŽ»æ§ååå¿å®¹åšïŒãžããããŠç¬¬ïŒã®åŠç容
åšïŒãžéãããæåŸã«æŒçœå¡ïŒé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹
åšïŒïŒäžã§åŠçããããæŽ»æ§ååå¿å®¹åšïŒå ã§ã
ãã«ãã¯äºé žåçªçŽ NO2ãšåå¿ããããã仿¹
æŒçœå¡ïŒäžã§ãã«ãã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªç°å¢ã§é žçŽ ã¬ã¹è±
ãªã°ãã³ã«ãããããã
ãã®å®éšããã€ãšè©³ãã説æãããããããã
ãèžè§£è£ 眮ïŒå ã§ããªãµã«ãã¢ã€ãæ³ã«ããèžè§£
ããã«ããæ°28ãæãããã«ãã補é ãããæšæ
ã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠïŒïŒ ã®å çŽ ãŸãã¯éé¢ã€ãªãŠ
ãæ·»å ããããåŠç容åšïŒã«ãããŠãã«ãã¯é žçŽ
ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹åšïŒããåŸãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ã§
æŽæµãããããã§é»æ¶²ã®å€§éšåã¯ãã«ãããé€å»
ããããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿åšïŒããã®å»æ¶²ã¯äž»ã©ã€ã³
ïŒãéã€ãŠåŠç容åšïŒãžéã°ãããè©²å»æ¶²ã®äžéš
ã¯æç®¡ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãéããåŠç容åšïŒããã³ã©ã€ã³ïŒ
ïŒïŒ¢ãçµç±ããŠäž»ã©ã€ã³ïŒãæ»ãããã«ãã¯åŠç
容åšïŒããåŠç容åšïŒãžéãããããã§æåãã®
段éã§ä»¥åã«åŠçããããã«ãããã®å»æ¶²ã§æŽæµ
ããããè©²å»æ¶²ã¯ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãéã€ãŠäŸçµŠãã
ãããã®è©²ãã«ãã¯ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãéã€ãŠäŸçµŠã
ããæŽ»æ§æ®µéãããã¯æ®µéïŒããåŸãããé žæ§å»
æ¶²ã§åŠçãããããã«ãã¯ãã®å»æ¶²ãš35âã®æž©åºŠ
ã§15åéåå¿ãããããããã®ååŠç段éã«ãã
ãŠããã«ãã¯æ¿åºŠïŒïŒ ããã³PH2.0ãæã€ããã
ã«ãã¯å®¹åšïŒããããã€ã«ã¿ãŒãšãã¬ã¹ãããªã
è±æ°Žè£ 眮ïŒïŒ¡ãžéãããããã§ãã«ãæ¿åºŠã42ïŒ
ãžé«ãããããååãã廿¶²ã¯ãã€ãïŒïŒïŒ£ãé
ã€ãŠæ°ããäŸçµŠããããã«ããšæ¥è§ŠãããããåŠ
ç容åšïŒãžå埪ç°ãããããã¬ã¹ããããã«ãã¯
éã·ãŠã¬ãããŒïŒïŒ¢ãæ¯çŸœç«ãŠããããããŠæŽ»æ§
ååå¿å®¹åšïŒãå°å ¥ãããããã®åå¿å®¹åšïŒã¯æ°Ž
å¹³ã«èšçœ®ãããåçã®åœ¢ãæãããããçŸœæ ¹ãå
ãã軞æ¹åã«å»¶ã³ãäžå¿ã«æåšããå転ã·ã€ãã
ãåããããã®ç®çã¯æ¯çŸœç«ãŠããã«ããšæ°çžãš
ã®éã®æå¹ãªæ¥è§Šã確ä¿ããããšãšããããŠãã«
ããåé²ãããããšã§ããããã®åå¿å®¹åšã¯ç空
æ¡ä»¶äžã«çœ®ããããããŠæ¶²äœäºé žåçªçŽ ã®èžçºã«
ããåŸãããæ°äœäºé žåçªçŽ ãåå¿å®¹åšã®çžŠè»žã«
沿ã€ãŠé 眮ãããïŒæ¬ã®ããºã«ãžäŸçµŠããããäº
é žåçªçŽ ã¯30ç§å°å ¥ããããããŠåå¿ã¯200ç§ç¶
ãããããã®åŸã§äºé žåçªçŽ ã®å°å ¥ã¯æã¡åãã
ããæž©åºŠã¯60âã§ãå°å ¥ãããäºé žåçªçŽ ã®éã¯
ãã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠïŒïŒ ã§ãã€ãã
ãèžè§£è£ 眮ïŒå ã§ããªãµã«ãã¢ã€ãæ³ã«ããèžè§£
ããã«ããæ°28ãæãããã«ãã補é ãããæšæ
ã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠïŒïŒ ã®å çŽ ãŸãã¯éé¢ã€ãªãŠ
ãæ·»å ããããåŠç容åšïŒã«ãããŠãã«ãã¯é žçŽ
ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹åšïŒããåŸãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ã§
æŽæµãããããã§é»æ¶²ã®å€§éšåã¯ãã«ãããé€å»
ããããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿åšïŒããã®å»æ¶²ã¯äž»ã©ã€ã³
ïŒãéã€ãŠåŠç容åšïŒãžéã°ãããè©²å»æ¶²ã®äžéš
ã¯æç®¡ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãéããåŠç容åšïŒããã³ã©ã€ã³ïŒ
ïŒïŒ¢ãçµç±ããŠäž»ã©ã€ã³ïŒãæ»ãããã«ãã¯åŠç
容åšïŒããåŠç容åšïŒãžéãããããã§æåãã®
段éã§ä»¥åã«åŠçããããã«ãããã®å»æ¶²ã§æŽæµ
ããããè©²å»æ¶²ã¯ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãéã€ãŠäŸçµŠãã
ãããã®è©²ãã«ãã¯ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãéã€ãŠäŸçµŠã
ããæŽ»æ§æ®µéãããã¯æ®µéïŒããåŸãããé žæ§å»
æ¶²ã§åŠçãããããã«ãã¯ãã®å»æ¶²ãš35âã®æž©åºŠ
ã§15åéåå¿ãããããããã®ååŠç段éã«ãã
ãŠããã«ãã¯æ¿åºŠïŒïŒ ããã³PH2.0ãæã€ããã
ã«ãã¯å®¹åšïŒããããã€ã«ã¿ãŒãšãã¬ã¹ãããªã
è±æ°Žè£ 眮ïŒïŒ¡ãžéãããããã§ãã«ãæ¿åºŠã42ïŒ
ãžé«ãããããååãã廿¶²ã¯ãã€ãïŒïŒïŒ£ãé
ã€ãŠæ°ããäŸçµŠããããã«ããšæ¥è§ŠãããããåŠ
ç容åšïŒãžå埪ç°ãããããã¬ã¹ããããã«ãã¯
éã·ãŠã¬ãããŒïŒïŒ¢ãæ¯çŸœç«ãŠããããããŠæŽ»æ§
ååå¿å®¹åšïŒãå°å ¥ãããããã®åå¿å®¹åšïŒã¯æ°Ž
å¹³ã«èšçœ®ãããåçã®åœ¢ãæãããããçŸœæ ¹ãå
ãã軞æ¹åã«å»¶ã³ãäžå¿ã«æåšããå転ã·ã€ãã
ãåããããã®ç®çã¯æ¯çŸœç«ãŠããã«ããšæ°çžãš
ã®éã®æå¹ãªæ¥è§Šã確ä¿ããããšãšããããŠãã«
ããåé²ãããããšã§ããããã®åå¿å®¹åšã¯ç空
æ¡ä»¶äžã«çœ®ããããããŠæ¶²äœäºé žåçªçŽ ã®èžçºã«
ããåŸãããæ°äœäºé žåçªçŽ ãåå¿å®¹åšã®çžŠè»žã«
沿ã€ãŠé 眮ãããïŒæ¬ã®ããºã«ãžäŸçµŠããããäº
é žåçªçŽ ã¯30ç§å°å ¥ããããããŠåå¿ã¯200ç§ç¶
ãããããã®åŸã§äºé žåçªçŽ ã®å°å ¥ã¯æã¡åãã
ããæž©åºŠã¯60âã§ãå°å ¥ãããäºé žåçªçŽ ã®éã¯
ãã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠïŒïŒ ã§ãã€ãã
次ã«ãã«ãã¯æ°ŽæŽããããæŽ»æ§å段éïŒããå
åããã廿¶²ã¯ãåè¿°ãããããªæ æ§ã§ååŠç段
éïŒã§äœ¿çšããããç³»ãžæ»ããããæŽ»æ§å段éïŒ
ããã®äœåã®é žæ§å»æ¶²ããã³ååŠç段éïŒããè¿
éããã廿¶²ã¯ãã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¢ããã³ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒ
ãéã€ãŠç³»ãžéãæ»ãããããã®å»æ¶²æ··åç©ã®
äžéšã¯ããã«ããã黿¶²ã眮æããç®çã§èžè§£è£
眮ïŒãéãããã®ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãžéããã廿¶²æ··
åç©ã®æ®ãã¯æç®¡ïŒïŒãéã€ãŠãã®ãã«ã補é ã
ãã»ã¹ã®ä»ã®å Žæãžéãããããã«ãããæŽ»æ§å
段éïŒããã®æ¶²ã®å€§éšåãé€å»ããåŸããã«ãã¯
é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéïŒããåŸãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ã§
嫿µžãããããã«ãæžæ¿æ¶²ã¯ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒãšãã¬ã¹
ãããªãè±æ°Žè£ 眮ïŒïŒ¡ã§æ¿åºŠ29ïŒ ãžæ¿çž®ãããã
ããŠéã·ãŠã¬ãããŒïŒïŒ¢ã§æ¯çŸœç«ãŠããããæ°Žé ž
åãããªãŠã ãšç¡«é žãã°ãã·ãŠã ã®æ·»å éã¯ãã
ã¬ã¹ããããã«ãããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠã
ã°ãã·ãŠã 0.1ïŒ ãšæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ïŒïŒ ã嫿
ããããã«èª¿ç¯ãããããã€ã«ã¿ãŒãšãã¬ã¹ã§ã
ã«ããæ¿çž®ãããšãåŸãããæ¶²ã¯ãæ°ããäŸçµŠã
ãããã«ãã嫿µžããããã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒãçµç±ããŠ
åŠç容åšïŒãžè¿éããããäœåã®ååãããæ¶²
ã¯ãã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¢ããã³äž»ã©ã€ã³ïŒãçµç±ããŠã
åè¿°ãããããªæªæŒçœãã«ãäžã®é»æ¶²ã眮æãã
ããåŠç容åšïŒãžéãããã
åããã廿¶²ã¯ãåè¿°ãããããªæ æ§ã§ååŠç段
éïŒã§äœ¿çšããããç³»ãžæ»ããããæŽ»æ§å段éïŒ
ããã®äœåã®é žæ§å»æ¶²ããã³ååŠç段éïŒããè¿
éããã廿¶²ã¯ãã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¢ããã³ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒ
ãéã€ãŠç³»ãžéãæ»ãããããã®å»æ¶²æ··åç©ã®
äžéšã¯ããã«ããã黿¶²ã眮æããç®çã§èžè§£è£
眮ïŒãéãããã®ã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¡ãžéããã廿¶²æ··
åç©ã®æ®ãã¯æç®¡ïŒïŒãéã€ãŠãã®ãã«ã補é ã
ãã»ã¹ã®ä»ã®å Žæãžéãããããã«ãããæŽ»æ§å
段éïŒããã®æ¶²ã®å€§éšåãé€å»ããåŸããã«ãã¯
é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéïŒããåŸãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ã§
嫿µžãããããã«ãæžæ¿æ¶²ã¯ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒãšãã¬ã¹
ãããªãè±æ°Žè£ 眮ïŒïŒ¡ã§æ¿åºŠ29ïŒ ãžæ¿çž®ãããã
ããŠéã·ãŠã¬ãããŒïŒïŒ¢ã§æ¯çŸœç«ãŠããããæ°Žé ž
åãããªãŠã ãšç¡«é žãã°ãã·ãŠã ã®æ·»å éã¯ãã
ã¬ã¹ããããã«ãããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠã
ã°ãã·ãŠã 0.1ïŒ ãšæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ïŒïŒ ã嫿
ããããã«èª¿ç¯ãããããã€ã«ã¿ãŒãšãã¬ã¹ã§ã
ã«ããæ¿çž®ãããšãåŸãããæ¶²ã¯ãæ°ããäŸçµŠã
ãããã«ãã嫿µžããããã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒãçµç±ããŠ
åŠç容åšïŒãžè¿éããããäœåã®ååãããæ¶²
ã¯ãã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒ¢ããã³äž»ã©ã€ã³ïŒãçµç±ããŠã
åè¿°ãããããªæªæŒçœãã«ãäžã®é»æ¶²ã眮æãã
ããåŠç容åšïŒãžéãããã
ãã«ãã¯åå¿å®¹åšïŒã«ãããŠæž©åºŠ106âãé
žçŽ
ã¬ã¹åå§0.7MPaã«ãããŠ90åéé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœã
ãããããã«ããã«ããæ°ã¯6.1ãžäœäžãããæ¬¡
ã«ãã«ãã¯ä»¥åãã®æ®µéããååããã廿¶²ã§åž
éãããããã®åŸã®æŽæµã¯å³é¢ã«ç€ºããããŠåè¿°
ããæ æ§ã§äœ¿çšãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ãçã
ãã
ã¬ã¹åå§0.7MPaã«ãããŠ90åéé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœã
ãããããã«ããã«ããæ°ã¯6.1ãžäœäžãããæ¬¡
ã«ãã«ãã¯ä»¥åãã®æ®µéããååããã廿¶²ã§åž
éãããããã®åŸã®æŽæµã¯å³é¢ã«ç€ºããããŠåè¿°
ããæ æ§ã§äœ¿çšãããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æŒçœå»æ¶²ãçã
ãã
æ¯èŒã®ãããåæ§ãªããªãµã«ãã¢ã€ããã«ãã
æ®éã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããæž©åºŠ106âãããã³é žçŽ ã¬ã¹
åå§0.6MPaã§60åéé žçŽ æŒçœãããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ·»
å ã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 1.7ïŒ ã§ããããããŠæ·»å
ããç¡«é žãã°ãã·ãŠã ã®éã¯ãã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«
察ããŠ0.1ïŒ ã§ãã€ããããã«ãããã«ãã®ã«ã
ãæ°ã¯14ãžäœäžããããã«ãã¯æ¬¡ã«åŒãç¶ããŠã®
äºé žåå¡©çŽ ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæœåºç³»åã«ããåŠçã«ã
ããã«ããæ°ïŒã®ãã«ããåŸããäºé žåå¡©çŽ æ®µé
ã¯ãã«ãæ¿åºŠ12ïŒ ãæž©åºŠ40âããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥éé
ã«å¯Ÿã掻æ§å¡©çŽ ãšããŠèšç®ããŠäºé žåå¡©çŽ 2.1ïŒ
ã®æ·»å ã§30åé宿œãããæœåºæ®µéã¯ãã«ãæ¿åºŠ
12ïŒ ãæž©åºŠ55âããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯Ÿãæ°Žé žå
ãããªãŠã 0.9ïŒ ã®æ·»å ã§ã60åé宿œããã
æ®éã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããæž©åºŠ106âãããã³é žçŽ ã¬ã¹
åå§0.6MPaã§60åéé žçŽ æŒçœãããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ·»
å ã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 1.7ïŒ ã§ããããããŠæ·»å
ããç¡«é žãã°ãã·ãŠã ã®éã¯ãã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«
察ããŠ0.1ïŒ ã§ãã€ããããã«ãããã«ãã®ã«ã
ãæ°ã¯14ãžäœäžããããã«ãã¯æ¬¡ã«åŒãç¶ããŠã®
äºé žåå¡©çŽ ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæœåºç³»åã«ããåŠçã«ã
ããã«ããæ°ïŒã®ãã«ããåŸããäºé žåå¡©çŽ æ®µé
ã¯ãã«ãæ¿åºŠ12ïŒ ãæž©åºŠ40âããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥éé
ã«å¯Ÿã掻æ§å¡©çŽ ãšããŠèšç®ããŠäºé žåå¡©çŽ 2.1ïŒ
ã®æ·»å ã§30åé宿œãããæœåºæ®µéã¯ãã«ãæ¿åºŠ
12ïŒ ãæž©åºŠ55âããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯Ÿãæ°Žé žå
ãããªãŠã 0.9ïŒ ã®æ·»å ã§ã60åé宿œããã
æšæºæ¹æ³ã«ãããç 究宀å
ã§äžèšïŒçš®ã®ãã«ã
ããçŽãã€ãã€ããåŒåŒµã匷床ãåŒè£ã匷床ãç Ž
æåŒ·åºŠã«ã€ããŠçŽã«ã€ããŠè¡ã€ã詊éšã¯ãæ¬çºæ
ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ãããã«ãã¯ã倧äœã«ãããŠæ¯èŒã
ã«ããšåãå€ãäžããããšã瀺ããã
ããçŽãã€ãã€ããåŒåŒµã匷床ãåŒè£ã匷床ãç Ž
æåŒ·åºŠã«ã€ããŠçŽã«ã€ããŠè¡ã€ã詊éšã¯ãæ¬çºæ
ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ãããã«ãã¯ã倧äœã«ãããŠæ¯èŒã
ã«ããšåãå€ãäžããããšã瀺ããã
ãã®ããšã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ãããå¡©çŽ åææŒçœå€ã
䜿çšããããšãªãã«ãæ¯èŒçäœããªã°ãã³å«éã
æãããããŠè¯å¥œãªåŒ·åºŠç¹æ§ãçºæ®ããã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãã«ãã補é ã§ããããšã蚌æããã
䜿çšããããšãªãã«ãæ¯èŒçäœããªã°ãã³å«éã
æãããããŠè¯å¥œãªåŒ·åºŠç¹æ§ãçºæ®ããã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãã«ãã補é ã§ããããšã蚌æããã
宿œäŸ ïŒ
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ·»å ãæ°Žé
žåãããªãŠã 2.5ïŒ
ãžå¢å
ããç¹ãé€ããåãåºçºãã«ãã宿œäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹
ãã®ãšåãæ¹æ³ã§åŠçããããã®å Žåã«ããæ°ã¯
ïŒãžäœäžãããæ©æ¢°ç匷床ã10ãªãã15ïŒ çšåºŠæ
ãããã
ããç¹ãé€ããåãåºçºãã«ãã宿œäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹
ãã®ãšåãæ¹æ³ã§åŠçããããã®å Žåã«ããæ°ã¯
ïŒãžäœäžãããæ©æ¢°ç匷床ã10ãªãã15ïŒ çšåºŠæ
ãããã
宿œäŸ ïŒ
ç¡«é
žãã°ãã·ãŠã æ·»å ã0.2ïŒ
ãžå¢å ãããã
ãŠæŽ»æ§å段éïŒããã®å»æ¶²ã倧éšåããã«ããã
é€å»ããåŸããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠ0.1ïŒ ã®
ãžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é ž
ãæ·»å ãããããŠãã«ãã嫿µžæ®µéïŒãžéãåã«
ãã«ããPHïŒã«ãããŠãã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã§åŠçãã
ç¹ãé€ãã宿œäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãã®ãšåãæ¹æ³ã§åã
åºçºãã«ããåŠçããããã®æ¹æ³ã§ã«ããæ°3.2
ãæããæ¯èŒãã«ããšåã匷床ããŒã¿ãæã€ãã
ã«ããåŸãããã
ãŠæŽ»æ§å段éïŒããã®å»æ¶²ã倧éšåããã«ããã
é€å»ããåŸããã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯ŸããŠ0.1ïŒ ã®
ãžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é ž
ãæ·»å ãããããŠãã«ãã嫿µžæ®µéïŒãžéãåã«
ãã«ããPHïŒã«ãããŠãã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã§åŠçãã
ç¹ãé€ãã宿œäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãã®ãšåãæ¹æ³ã§åã
åºçºãã«ããåŠçããããã®æ¹æ³ã§ã«ããæ°3.2
ãæããæ¯èŒãã«ããšåã匷床ããŒã¿ãæã€ãã
ã«ããåŸãããã
宿œäŸ ïŒ
ãã«ããé
žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹åšïŒãžå°å
¥ããåã«ã
ã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯Ÿã0.5ïŒ ã®ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããã
ãæ·»å ãããããŠãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã§åŠçã
ãæéã120åãžå»¶é·ããç¹ãé€ããåãåºçºã
ã«ãã宿œäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãã®ãšåãæ¹æ³ã§åŠçã
ããã«ããæ°3.5ãæãããã«ããåŸããã該ã
ã«ãã®åŒ·åºŠç¹æ§ã¯æ¯èŒãã«ãã®ãããšå€§ããéã
ãªãã€ãã
ã«ãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ééã«å¯Ÿã0.5ïŒ ã®ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããã
ãæ·»å ãããããŠãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã§åŠçã
ãæéã120åãžå»¶é·ããç¹ãé€ããåãåºçºã
ã«ãã宿œäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãã®ãšåãæ¹æ³ã§åŠçã
ããã«ããæ°3.5ãæãããã«ããåŸããã該ã
ã«ãã®åŒ·åºŠç¹æ§ã¯æ¯èŒãã«ãã®ãããšå€§ããéã
ãªãã€ãã
å³é¢ã¯æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã®ãããŒã·ãŒãã§ããã
ïŒã¯èžè§£è£
眮ãïŒã¯ç¬¬ïŒã®åŠç容åšãïŒã¯ç¬¬ïŒ
ã®åŠç容åšãïŒã¯æŽ»æ§ååå¿å®¹åšãïŒã¯ç¬¬ïŒã®åŠ
ç容åšãïŒã¯é žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹åšã§ããã
ã®åŠç容åšãïŒã¯æŽ»æ§ååå¿å®¹åšãïŒã¯ç¬¬ïŒã®åŠ
ç容åšãïŒã¯é žçŽ ã¬ã¹åå¿å®¹åšã§ããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ ãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åã«äºé žåçªçŽ ã§æŽ»
æ§åããããããŠè©²é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéã®åŸã§æ°Žãã
ã³ïŒãŸãã¯åžèæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§æŽæµããããäžçš®ãŸãã¯
äºçš®ä»¥äžã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªã®ååšäžååŠã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«
ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã§è±ãªã°ãã³ããæ¹æ³ã«ããŠãèžè§£
æäœããã®èžè§£æ¶²ãè©²é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéå·¥çšããåŸã
ãã廿¶²ã䜿çšããŠãã«ãããå®è³ªçã«çœ®æãŸã
ã¯æŽæµãããããŠãã®ããã«çœ®æãŸãã¯æŽæµãã
ããã«ããåèšæŽ»æ§å段éåŸã®æŽæµæäœã«ãããŠ
åŸãããé žæ§æŽæ¶²ããã€ãŠååŠçããããšãç¹åŸŽ
ãšããåèšæ¹æ³ã ïŒ äºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠçãããã«ãããã®é žæ§åå¿
çæç©ã®äžéšã奜ãŸããã¯è©²çæç©ã®å€§éšåãæŽ
æµããåŸã該ãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéãžå°å ¥ããå
ã«ã該ãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéããã®å»æ¶²ããã€ãŠ
嫿µžããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé
ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ãã«ããäºé žåçªçŽ ã§ïŒãªãã250ç§é掻æ§
åããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãŸ
ãã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ é·ç§»éå±ã«å¯Ÿããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®äžçš®ãŸãã¯äº
皮以äžãæ·»å ããããããŠåèšãã«ããäºé žåçª
çŽ ã§åŠçããåããŸãã¯å¥œãŸããã¯åŠçããåŸ
ã«ã氎溶液äžã«ãããŠå¯æ¥ã«æ¥è§Šãããããããš
ãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒé
ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ äºé žåçªçŽ ã§åŠçãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã
ãã®é žæ§æº¶æ¶²ãæ°Žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯åžè氎溶液ãã
ã€ãŠå®å šãããã¯éšåçã«æŽæµãããåŸãåèšé¯
塩圢æå€ãäŸçµŠãããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ãã®åèšé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã§ã®åŠç
åŸãåèšãã«ãã¯ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããããã¯ã
ã«ãæžæ¿æ¶²ããé·ç§»éå±ã®é€å»ãéæããåŠçæ¹
æ³ãäŸãã°æ°Žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã«ããæŽæµã«
ãããããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
é ãŸãã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ åèšåŠçæ¹æ³ãäŸãã°åèšæŽæµã¯é žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µ
éããã®å»æ¶²ããã€ãŠããŸãã¯åèšå»æ¶²ã®ååšäž
ã«å®æœãããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬
ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ åèšé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã«ãããã«ãã®åŠçã¯ãé·ç§»
éå±ã®é¯å¡©ã圢æããããããŠå¥œãŸããã¯PHïŒä»¥
äžãäŸãã°PHïŒãªããïŒã®æº¶æ¶²äžã«ãããããã
ãã®åŸè©²PHã¯6.5ãªããïŒãžãäŸãã°ãã«ããé ž
çŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéããåŸããã廿¶²ã§åŠçããããšãšçµ
ã¿åããããšã«ããäžæããããããããªæ æ§ã§
宿œãããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
é ãªãã第ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã·ã¹ãã ãžå°å ¥ãããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯ãåèšã
ã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹æ®µéãžå°å ¥ããã以åã«ã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãã«ãããå®å šã«é€å»ãããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãã
ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒé ã®ããããã®
æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ãé€å»ãããåŸãåçš®ããã³ïŒ
ãŸãã¯ç°çš®ã®é¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®è¿œå éãç³»ãžå°å ¥ã
ãããããŠãã«ãã«é䌎ããããšã蚱容ãããã
ãšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒ
é ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ æ·»å ãããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã®å°ãªããšãäžã€
ã¯ã察å¿ãããã°ãã·ãŠã é¯å¡©ã®å®å®å®æ°ããã
å°ãªããšã1000åã奜ãŸããã¯å°ãªããšã10000
åã§ããå®å®å®æ°ãPHïŒã«ãããŠæãããã³ã¬ã³
é¯å¡©ã圢æããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ æ·»å ãããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯ãå°ãªããšãïŒå
ã®çªçŽ ååãšå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ãã¹ãã³é žåºãšã
å«ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªã
ã第ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ 䜿çšãããé¯å¡©åœ¢æå€ã¯ãå°ãªããšãäžçš®
ã®ã¢ããã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žãŸãã¯ãã®å¡©ã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ãã®ãããªé žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ãäŸãã°ãž
ãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žã
å«ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®
æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããã
ãŸãã¯ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããããçºçããååç©ãã奜
ãŸããã¯ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã«ããé žçŽ ã¬ã¹ãšæ¥è§Šãã
åã«ãããã»ã¹ãžäŸçµŠãããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã®
æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ é žçŽ ã¬ã¹ã«ããåŠçã¯ã60ãªãã500åã
é©åœã«ã¯90ãªãã300åã奜ãŸããã¯90ãªãã180
åç¶ç¶ãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒïŒ
é ã®æ¹æ³ã
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8003911A SE441192B (sv) | 1980-05-27 | 1980-05-27 | Forfarande for delignifiering av kemisk cellulosamassa med syrgas i nervaro av ett eller flera neutralisationsmedel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5721589A JPS5721589A (en) | 1982-02-04 |
| JPS6350464B2 true JPS6350464B2 (ja) | 1988-10-07 |
Family
ID=20341039
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7733381A Granted JPS5721589A (en) | 1980-05-27 | 1981-05-20 | Bleaching of cellulose pulp by oxygen gas |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4406735A (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPS5721589A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1175610A (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI75880C (ja) |
| FR (1) | FR2483479A1 (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO157224C (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ197068A (ja) |
| SE (1) | SE441192B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE450394B (sv) * | 1981-12-30 | 1987-06-22 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Forfarande for blekning av ligninhaltig cellulosamassa |
| SE451149B (sv) * | 1983-01-26 | 1987-09-07 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Apparatur for kontinuerlig behandling av vatteninnehallande lignocellulosamaterial med kveveoxid och syre |
| SE452176B (sv) * | 1984-03-28 | 1987-11-16 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Forfarande for framstellning av kveveoxider ur avlutar fran cellulosamassatillverkning |
| SE451023B (sv) * | 1985-12-10 | 1987-08-24 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Forfarande vid aktivering av lignocellulosamaterial med kvevedioxid innehallande gas |
| JPH0351388A (ja) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-03-05 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | é žçŽ æŒçœã«å ç«ã€èžè§£ãã«ãæŽæµæ¹æ³ |
| JPH0351387A (ja) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-03-05 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | é žçŽ æŒçœã«å ç«ã€èžè§£ãã«ãæŽæµæ³ |
| AT395180B (de) * | 1989-08-16 | 1992-10-12 | Andritz Ag Maschf | Verfahren zur zerkleinerung von materialien und anlage zu dessen durchfuehrung |
| US5460696A (en) * | 1993-08-12 | 1995-10-24 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Oxygen delignification method incorporating wood pulp mixing apparatus |
| AU2822099A (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 1999-10-11 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Chlorine dioxide bleaching with additives |
| CN100485393C (zh) * | 2004-09-09 | 2009-05-06 | ååçå·¥å€§åŠ | äžç§æ 污æçé«çº¯åºŠçº€ç»ŽçŽ çåçŠ»åææ¹æ³ |
| KR102656393B1 (ko) | 2017-09-11 | 2024-04-12 | ìë ëì€ í í¬ëë¬ì§ì€, ì.íŒ. | íí ëª©ì¬ ííì í¥ìë ì°ì í늬귞ëí ë°©ë² |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE360128C (sv) * | 1970-08-25 | 1983-10-31 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Sett att bleka cellulosamassa med en syreinnehallande gas i nervaro av alkali |
| SE364323C (sv) * | 1972-06-22 | 1976-04-12 | Billeruds Ab | Sett att behandla cellulosamassa i alkalisk miljo |
| FR2158873A5 (en) * | 1972-10-09 | 1973-06-15 | Bourit Jean Pierre | Bleaching of wood cellulose - using nitrogen oxides |
| US4076579A (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1978-02-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Pulping of lignocellulosic material by sequential treatment thereof with nitric oxide and oxygen |
| SU642399A1 (ru) * | 1974-03-11 | 1979-01-15 | ÐÑеÑПÑзМПе МаÑÑМП-пÑПОзвПЎÑÑвеММПе ПбÑеЎОМеМОе ÑеллÑлПзМП-бÑЌажМПй пÑПЌÑÑлеММПÑÑО | СпПÑПб плÑÑеМО ÑеллÑÐ»ÐŸÐ·Ñ |
| US4087318A (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1978-05-02 | Mo Och Domsjo Aktiebolag | Oxygen-alkali delignification of lignocellulosic material in the presence of a manganese compound |
| CA1070909A (en) * | 1976-05-04 | 1980-02-05 | Canadian Industries Limited | Nitrogen dioxide-oxygen delignification |
| FR2426767A1 (fr) * | 1978-05-26 | 1979-12-21 | Monsanto Europe Sa | Blanchiment de pate a papier |
-
1980
- 1980-05-27 SE SE8003911A patent/SE441192B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-05-12 NZ NZ197068A patent/NZ197068A/xx unknown
- 1981-05-20 JP JP7733381A patent/JPS5721589A/ja active Granted
- 1981-05-25 FI FI811597A patent/FI75880C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-26 NO NO811780A patent/NO157224C/no unknown
- 1981-05-27 CA CA000378416A patent/CA1175610A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-27 US US06/267,968 patent/US4406735A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-05-27 FR FR8110516A patent/FR2483479A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2483479A1 (fr) | 1981-12-04 |
| CA1175610A (en) | 1984-10-09 |
| FI811597L (fi) | 1981-11-28 |
| FI75880C (fi) | 1988-08-08 |
| NO811780L (no) | 1981-11-30 |
| US4406735A (en) | 1983-09-27 |
| SE8003911L (sv) | 1981-11-28 |
| JPS5721589A (en) | 1982-02-04 |
| FI75880B (fi) | 1988-04-29 |
| NO157224B (no) | 1987-11-02 |
| FR2483479B1 (ja) | 1985-05-24 |
| NZ197068A (en) | 1983-12-16 |
| SE441192B (sv) | 1985-09-16 |
| NO157224C (no) | 1988-02-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5296099A (en) | Environmentally improved process for bleaching lignocellulosic materials with oxygen, ozone and chlorine dioxide | |
| AU638017B2 (en) | Environmentally improved process for bleaching lignocellulosic materials | |
| US5503709A (en) | Environmentally improved process for preparing recycled lignocellulosic materials for bleaching | |
| FI59273B (fi) | Foerfarande foer blekning av cellulosamassa | |
| US5164043A (en) | Environmentally improved process for bleaching lignocellulosic materials with ozone | |
| US4439271A (en) | Process for the oxygen bleaching of cellulose pulp | |
| US5211811A (en) | Process for high consistency oxygen delignification of alkaline treated pulp followed by ozone delignification | |
| US4897156A (en) | Process for activating cellulose pulp with NO and/or NO2 and oxygen in the presence of nitric acid and then delignifying bleaching the activated cellulose pulp | |
| US5770010A (en) | Pulping process employing nascent oxygen | |
| US5188708A (en) | Process for high consistency oxygen delignification followed by ozone relignification | |
| US5409570A (en) | Process for ozone bleaching of oxygen delignified pulp while conveying the pulp through a reaction zone | |
| RU2189412C2 (ru) | СпПÑПб ПÑÐ±ÐµÐ»ÐžÐ²Ð°ÐœÐžÑ Ð±ÑЌажМПй ЌаÑÑÑ | |
| US4406735A (en) | Process for alkaline oxygen gas bleaching of cellulose pulp | |
| US4602982A (en) | Process for delignifying bleaching lignin-containing cellulose pulp by activating the pulp with NO2 and O2 gas in the presence of water, sodium nitrate and nitric acid | |
| US4537656A (en) | Method for delignifying or bleaching cellulose pulp wherein chlorine is added to recycle liquor to regenerate chlorine dioxide | |
| US5645687A (en) | Process for manufacturing bleached pulp with reduced chloride production | |
| US5441603A (en) | Method for chelation of pulp prior to ozone delignification | |
| FI109209B (fi) | MenetelmÀ paperimassalietteen ligniininpoiston ja valkaisun hallintaan | |
| KR19990029786A (ko) | ì€ì¡Žê³Œ ìŽì°íìŒì륌 ìŽì©í ì ì§ ííì íë°± ë°©ë² | |
| CA1232785A (en) | Apparatus for treating lignocellulosic material with a gas phase | |
| WO1995006772A1 (en) | Improved method for bleaching lignocellulosic pulp | |
| NZ245712A (en) | Delignification of lignocellulosic material by treatment with a gaseous mixture of chlorine dioxide and ozone; delignified material thereof | |
| JP2001192991A (ja) | ã¢ã«ã«ãªãã«ãã®æŒçœæ¹æ³ | |
| JP2002069879A (ja) | ã»ã«ããŒã¹è³ªç¹ç¶ææã®ãã«ãã®æŒçœæ¹æ³ | |
| AU641858B2 (en) | Process for bleaching of lignocellulose-containing material |