JPS6356696B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6356696B2 JPS6356696B2 JP58240142A JP24014283A JPS6356696B2 JP S6356696 B2 JPS6356696 B2 JP S6356696B2 JP 58240142 A JP58240142 A JP 58240142A JP 24014283 A JP24014283 A JP 24014283A JP S6356696 B2 JPS6356696 B2 JP S6356696B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- current collector
- double layer
- electric double
- layer capacitor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、移動用直流電源、バツクアツプ用電
源などに用いる電気二重層キヤパシタに関する。
従来例の構成とその問題点
活性炭を分極性電極として用いる電気二重層キ
ヤパシタは、一般的には正負極共同じ活性炭極か
ら構成され、電解液として過塩酸リチウム、過塩
素酸アンモニウムなどを溶解した有機液体を用
い、セパレータとして耐酸化性にすぐれる多孔性
樹脂布やガラス繊維布が用いられている。
この種のキヤパシタは、主に活性炭表面の電気
二重層における電荷チヤージを充放電に利用する
ものである。したがつて、電気二重層を形成する
活性炭の有効表面積や導電性、さらには集電体及
び活性炭の収納ケースとの接触抵抗などが問題と
なる。
この中で、とくに集電体の役目は、電池の内部
抵抗を低下させたり、長期の充放電サイクル特性
を安定化させるものである。
この集電体の効果をさらに向上させるために、
集電体をケースに溶接させているのが一般的であ
る。その方法としては、活性炭繊維布にアルミニ
ウム金属を溶射して活性炭の片面にアルミニウム
層を設け、それをケースにスポツト溶接したも
の、アルミニウムのシートに切目を入れ、これを
延伸して金網状とした、いわゆるラス板を内蔵す
る活性炭成型体のうち、活性炭の一部を削りとつ
てラス板を一部露出させ、その露出部をケースに
スポツト溶接したものなどがある。
前者のアルミニウムを溶射した場合は導電性に
すぐれるが、高価であるとともにケースに溶接し
た場合の溶接強度が必ずしも強くなく、ケースよ
り活性炭層が剥れ易いという弱点があつた。ま
た、後者の活性炭の一部を削りとつてアルミニウ
ムのラス板を露出させ、これをスポツト溶接した
場合は、ケースとの溶接強度は強くなるが、活性
炭の一部を欠損するため、電気容量が小さくなる
という欠点があつた。
発明の目的
本発明は、活性炭を分極性電極として用いる電
気二重層キヤパシタにおいて、集電体を効果的に
装着することによつて電気容量を低下させること
なく、充放電サイクル特性のバラツキを小さく
し、しかも安価に提供することを目的としたもの
である。
発明の構成
本発明は上記の目的を達成するため、あらかじ
め金属集電体をケースに溶接しておき、この金属
集電体上に活性炭電極を載置するものである。
こうすることにより、集電体をケースに完ぺき
に溶接することができるし、活性炭電極を削るこ
ともないので、電気容量が減少することがなく、
安価で簡単にしかも確実に組立てを行えるので、
量産化も容易である。
ここでの集電体としては、アルミニウム、ニツ
ケル、チタン、ステンレス鋼などのスクリーンや
前述したラス板、打抜きにより多数の孔をあけた
パンチングメタルなどを用いることができる。
また活性炭電極としては、活性炭繊維布を所望
の大きさに打ち抜いたものやフツ素樹脂、SBR
などの結着剤で成型した活性炭粉末成型体を用い
ることができる。
実施例
以下実施例によつて説明する。
実施例 １
図に示すような正極４に活性炭、負極７に活性
炭を用いた電池を作成した。
まず、正極集電体５としてアルミニウムのラス
板を直径14.0mmの大きさに打ち抜き、直径20.0mm
のステンレス鋼からなる正極ケース１の内底中央
部に電気溶接５′した。
つぎに、表面積1500m2、厚さ0.6mmの活性炭繊
維布を直径14.0mmの大きさに打ち抜き、前記電気
溶接したアルミニウムのラス板上に載置した。
一方、負極集電体８としてアルミニウムのラス
板を直径13.0mmの大きさに打き抜き、直径19.0mm
のステンレス鋼からなる負極封口板２の内底中央
部に電気溶接８′した。
これを、前記と同じ活性炭繊維布を直径13.0mm
に打ち抜き、負極封口板内のアルミニウムのラス
板上に載置する。さらにポリプロピレン不織布か
らなるセパレータ６を載置し、ポリプロピレンか
らなる封口リング３を封口板２に嵌合した。そし
て、プロピレンカーボネートとジメトキシエタン
を容積比で１：１に混合し、これにLiClO4を１
モル／の濃度に添加したものを電解液として、
150mg正、負極に分けて注液した。これを乾燥雰
囲気中にて数分間放置した後、正、負極をカツプ
リングし封口してキヤパシタとした。これをＡと
する。
実施例 ２
集電体としてチタンのラスを用い、実施例１と
まつたく同じようにしてキヤパシタをつくつた。
これをＢとする。
実施例 ３
活性炭として表面積1200m2の粉状活性炭にフツ
素樹脂デイスパージヨンを10％添加練合し、厚さ
0.6mmに成型する。これを乾燥後直径14.0mmに打
ち抜き、正極ケース内にあらかじめ溶接したチタ
ンのラス板上に載置した。負極側も同様に構成
し、その他は実施例１と同じ様にしてキヤパシタ
を構成した。これをＣとする。
比較例として、実施例１と同じ活性炭繊維布に
アルミニウムを溶射し、アルミニウム面をケース
内に電気溶接し、その他は実施例１とまつたく同
じ方法にてキヤパシタを構成した。これをＤとす
る。
これらＡ〜Ｄのキヤパシタを各10個用意し、10
ｍＡで５分間の充電、放電をくり返し、1000サイ
クル後の充電状態における内部抵抗及びｍＡの放
電を行ない放電容量を測定した。その結果を次表
に示した。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor used in mobile DC power supplies, backup power supplies, and the like. Construction of conventional examples and their problems Electric double layer capacitors that use activated carbon as polarizable electrodes are generally constructed of the same activated carbon electrodes for both the positive and negative electrodes, and are made by dissolving lithium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, etc. as an electrolyte. An organic liquid is used, and porous resin cloth or glass fiber cloth with excellent oxidation resistance is used as a separator. This type of capacitor mainly utilizes charge in the electric double layer on the surface of activated carbon for charging and discharging. Therefore, the effective surface area and conductivity of the activated carbon that forms the electric double layer, as well as the contact resistance between the current collector and the activated carbon storage case, etc., pose problems. Among these, the role of the current collector is to lower the internal resistance of the battery and stabilize the long-term charge/discharge cycle characteristics. In order to further improve the effectiveness of this current collector,
Generally, the current collector is welded to the case. The methods include spraying aluminum metal onto activated carbon fiber cloth to form an aluminum layer on one side of the activated carbon and spot welding it to the case, or making cuts in an aluminum sheet and stretching it to form a wire mesh. Among activated carbon molded bodies containing so-called lath plates, there is one in which a portion of the activated carbon is shaved off to expose a portion of the lath plate, and the exposed portion is spot welded to the case. The former, thermally sprayed aluminum, has excellent conductivity, but it is expensive, and the welding strength when welded to the case is not necessarily strong, and the activated carbon layer peels off more easily than the case. In addition, if a part of the latter activated carbon is scraped off to expose the aluminum lath plate and this is spot welded, the weld strength to the case will be stronger, but a part of the activated carbon will be lost, so the electrical capacity will be reduced. It had the disadvantage of being smaller. Purpose of the Invention The present invention provides an electric double layer capacitor that uses activated carbon as a polarizable electrode, by effectively installing a current collector to reduce variations in charge/discharge cycle characteristics without reducing the capacitance. , and is intended to be provided at low cost. Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is such that a metal current collector is welded to a case in advance, and an activated carbon electrode is placed on the metal current collector. By doing this, the current collector can be perfectly welded to the case, and the activated carbon electrode will not be scraped, so the capacitance will not decrease.
Because it is inexpensive, easy to assemble, and can be assembled reliably,
Mass production is also easy. As the current collector here, a screen made of aluminum, nickel, titanium, stainless steel, etc., the above-mentioned lath plate, a punched metal with a large number of holes formed by punching, etc. can be used. In addition, activated carbon electrodes can be made by punching out activated carbon fiber cloth to the desired size, fluorine resin, SBR, etc.
An activated carbon powder molded body molded with a binder such as the following can be used. Examples The following examples will be explained below. Example 1 A battery using activated carbon as the positive electrode 4 and activated carbon as the negative electrode 7 was prepared as shown in the figure. First, as the positive electrode current collector 5, an aluminum lath plate was punched out to a diameter of 14.0 mm, and a diameter of 20.0 mm was punched out.
Electric welding 5' was applied to the center of the inner bottom of the positive electrode case 1 made of stainless steel. Next, an activated carbon fiber cloth with a surface area of 1500 m 2 and a thickness of 0.6 mm was punched out to a size of 14.0 mm in diameter and placed on the electrically welded aluminum lath plate. On the other hand, as the negative electrode current collector 8, an aluminum lath plate was punched out to a size of 13.0 mm in diameter.
Electric welding 8' was performed at the center of the inner bottom of the negative electrode sealing plate 2 made of stainless steel. This was made using the same activated carbon fiber cloth as above with a diameter of 13.0 mm.
Punch it out and place it on the aluminum lath plate inside the negative electrode sealing plate. Furthermore, a separator 6 made of a polypropylene nonwoven fabric was placed, and a sealing ring 3 made of polypropylene was fitted to the sealing plate 2. Then, propylene carbonate and dimethoxyethane were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and LiClO 4 was added in 1:1 volume ratio.
Added to a concentration of mol / as an electrolyte,
150mg was injected separately into the positive and negative electrodes. After leaving this in a dry atmosphere for several minutes, the positive and negative electrodes were coupled and sealed to form a capacitor. Let this be A. Example 2 A capacitor was made in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, using a titanium lath as a current collector.
Let this be B. Example 3 10% of fluororesin dispersion was added and kneaded to powdered activated carbon with a surface area of 1200 m 2 as activated carbon, and the thickness
Molded to 0.6mm. After drying, this was punched out to a diameter of 14.0 mm and placed on a titanium lath plate that had been previously welded inside the positive electrode case. The negative electrode side was constructed in the same manner, and the other aspects were the same as in Example 1 to construct the capacitor. Let this be C. As a comparative example, a capacitor was constructed in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that aluminum was thermally sprayed onto the same activated carbon fiber cloth as in Example 1, and the aluminum surface was electrically welded into the case. Let this be D. Prepare 10 each of these capacitors A to D, and
Charging and discharging were repeated for 5 minutes at mA, and after 1000 cycles, the internal resistance in the charged state and the discharge capacity were measured by discharging at mA. The results are shown in the table below.
【表】
表から明らかなように1000サイクル後において
も、従来に較べ本発明によるキヤパシタ、とくに
Ａ、Ｂは内部抵抗が小さく、放電容量が大きいと
ともにそのバラツキσが非常に小さい。このこと
は本発明がキヤパシタの安定性に及ぼす効果が大
きいことを示すものである。キヤパシタＣについ
ては、放電容量が必ずしも大きくはないが、これ
は表面積の小さな活性炭を用いているためであ
る。しかし、各特性のバラツキσは小さく本発明
の効果を十分に示すものである。
なお前記の実施例においては扁平なコイン型キ
ヤパシタで説明したが、この他にボタン型あるい
は円筒型のキヤパシタにおいても同様の効果が期
待できる。
発明の効果
以上のように本発明における電気二重層キヤパ
シタは、従来例に較べて、容易かつ安価に製造で
き、長期の充放電サイクル寿命に耐えるものであ
り、その応用範囲はきわめて広いものである。[Table] As is clear from the table, even after 1000 cycles, the capacitors according to the present invention, especially A and B, have a smaller internal resistance, a larger discharge capacity, and a very small variation σ compared to the conventional capacitor. This shows that the present invention has a great effect on the stability of the capacitor. The discharge capacity of capacitor C is not necessarily large, but this is because activated carbon with a small surface area is used. However, the variation σ in each characteristic is small and fully demonstrates the effects of the present invention. In the above embodiment, a flat coin-shaped capacitor has been described, but the same effect can be expected with a button-shaped or cylindrical capacitor. Effects of the Invention As described above, the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention can be manufactured easily and inexpensively compared to conventional examples, has a long charge/discharge cycle life, and has an extremely wide range of applications. .
図面は本発明の実施例におけるコイン型の電気
二重層キヤパシタの断面図である。
１……正極ケース、２……封口板、３……封口
リング、４……正極、５……正極集電体、５′…
…正極集電体の電気溶接部、６……セパレータ、
７……負極、８……負極集電体、８′……負極集
電体の電気溶接部。
The drawing is a sectional view of a coin-shaped electric double layer capacitor in an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Positive electrode case, 2... Sealing plate, 3... Sealing ring, 4... Positive electrode, 5... Positive electrode current collector, 5'...
...Electric welding part of positive electrode current collector, 6...Separator,
7...Negative electrode, 8...Negative electrode current collector, 8'...Electric welding part of negative electrode current collector.
Claims (1)
キヤパシタであつて、活性炭の収納ケース内面に
金属集電体があらかじめ溶接され、前記活性炭が
この金属集電体上に載置されていることを特徴と
した電気二重層キヤパシタ。 ２ 活性炭が活性炭繊維布である特許請求の範囲
第１項記載の電気二重層キヤパシタ。 ３ 活性炭が結着剤によつて成型されたものであ
る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の電気二重層キヤパ
シタ。 ４ 金属集電体が、チタン、ニツケル、ステンレ
ス鋼、アルミニウムの単体もしくは合金からなる
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の電気二重層キヤパシ
タ。[Claims] 1. An electric double layer capacitor using activated carbon as a polarizable electrode, wherein a metal current collector is welded in advance to the inner surface of an activated carbon storage case, and the activated carbon is placed on the metal current collector. An electric double layer capacitor characterized by: 2. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon is an activated carbon fiber cloth. 3. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon is molded with a binder. 4. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the metal current collector is made of titanium, nickel, stainless steel, or aluminum alone or in an alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58240142A JPS60130817A (en) | 1983-12-20 | 1983-12-20 | Chargeable battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58240142A JPS60130817A (en) | 1983-12-20 | 1983-12-20 | Chargeable battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60130817A JPS60130817A (en) | 1985-07-12 |
| JPS6356696B2 true JPS6356696B2 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
Family
ID=17055116
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58240142A Granted JPS60130817A (en) | 1983-12-20 | 1983-12-20 | Chargeable battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60130817A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63296328A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1988-12-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | electric double layer capacitor |
| JPH01152715A (en) * | 1987-12-10 | 1989-06-15 | Elna Co Ltd | Electric double layer capacitor |
-
1983
- 1983-12-20 JP JP58240142A patent/JPS60130817A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60130817A (en) | 1985-07-12 |
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