JPS636161A - Fibril fiber structure and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a synthetic fiber structure that has appropriate stretchability, is soft and has excellent bulkiness, and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a fibril fiber structure made of split threads of highly oriented undrawn conjugate fibers of polyamide and polyester, and a method for producing the same.

[Prior art and its problems]

Conventionally, fiber structures such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics obtained from synthetic fiber yarns such as polyester or polyamide have a simpler thickness and cross-sectional shape of their single filaments, so they have a higher wind resistance than natural fibers. In this case, the gloss was monotonous and cold, and the quality of the fiber structure was low. In recent years, in order to improve this drawback, a method has been proposed and implemented in which a two-component conjugate fiber is subjected to some kind of treatment to obtain a fiber having a fineness and a new cross-sectional shape. Typical methods are broadly divided into two types: a method of completely dissolving the sea component of a conjugate fiber called a so-called sea-island type fiber, and a method of dividing a splittable conjugate fiber.

However, in the case of the former method, a very complicated process is required, and since the weight is reduced accordingly, it is also negative in terms of cost, and a process for making the dissolution treatment liquid non-polluting is also necessary.

As for the latter method, a method that combines chemical treatment to swell one component in order to divide it, and ironing was proposed in the Japanese Patent Publication Publication No. 53.
Although it is described in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 35633 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-215869, it is extremely complicated in terms of equipment and work because it uses an aqueous solution or emulsion of an organic solvent. Also, JP-A-55-11687
Publication No. 4 describes a method of splitting splittable composite fibers made of polyamide and polyester by alkali treatment, but this method involves dissolving and removing part of the polyester, which is a component of the composite fibers. The purpose is to obtain split yarns, and as in the case of the sea-island type composite fibers,
Since the weight is reduced, there is also a cost disadvantage, and the division is not always sufficient. - On the other hand, in order to facilitate division, JP-A-55-128014 proposes an example of a copolyamide mainly composed of ε-caprolactam and hexamethylenediamine-adipate as a polyamide component. However, the polymerization process was complicated and the cost was negative.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a fibrillar fiber structure made of synthetic fibers that is not only easily split by simple processing, but also has appropriate stretchability, is soft and has excellent bulkiness, and a method for producing the same. It is something.

[Structure of the invention]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a fiber structure consisting of a split-peelable conjugate fiber of a highly oriented undrawn polyamide component and a highly oriented undrawn polyester component, in which each of the components is separated. It features a fibrillar fiber structure. In addition, as a manufacturing method for obtaining this fibrillar fiber structure, after forming a split-release type composite fiber consisting of a highly oriented undrawn polyamide component and a highly oriented undrawn polyester component into a cloth, the cough cloth is heat-treated while applying an impact. , the method is characterized in that the composite fiber is divided.

Here, the highly oriented unstretched polyamide component or the same polyester component in the present invention refers to a highly oriented unstretched polyamide component or the same polyester component, which is obtained by spinning a high molecular weight polymer such as polyamide or polyester at high speed, so that the molecules have a high degree of orientation even though they are in an unstretched state. A fibrous substance. In addition, the split-peelable conjugate fiber in the present invention is a shape in which the above-mentioned highly oriented unstretched polyamide and polyester do not completely surround the other component in the cross section of a single filament, It refers to fibers that are joined along the longitudinal direction of a single filament, and specifically, as a composite form in the cross section of components A and B, there are side-by-side type composite fibers as shown in Figure 1, side-by-side type composite fibers as shown in Figure 2. repeatable composite fiber,
Composite fibers are joined in a radial manner as shown in Figures 3 to 6, components having a radial cross section as shown in Figure 7, and a 7-shaped component that complements the radial part and points toward the center. A composite fiber consisting of another component having a shape with a concave portion and the same component as the component having a radial shape having a 7-shaped shape that complements the concave portion, and both components facing side by side as shown in FIG. These are composite fibers having cross sections that are repeatedly joined to form hollow portions. The composite fiber in the present invention may contain one or more third components in addition to the above two components.

The purpose of using the highly oriented unstretched component in the present invention is to facilitate fibrillation through splitting treatment as described below. It is possible to provide a high thermal shrinkage difference between the components, which allows for efficient (divided peeling) in the later process.In this method, the polyester component has a higher heat shrinkage difference than the polyamide component. It can have a strong influence on sexuality.

The degree of orientation of the highly oriented unstretched polyester component in the present invention can be defined by the birefringence Δn, but it is desirable that the component after the splitting treatment has a Δn of 20 to 100 It is desirable to set it as 80x10-'.

Such a polyester component can be obtained by heat-treating highly oriented undrawn conjugate fibers spun at a high speed of about 1,500 to 4,500 m/min. Birefringence Δn is 20X10-'
If it is less than Δ, it is close to the completely undrawn yarn region and cannot withstand normal fabric manufacturing and processing routes, and the fabric itself tends to stretch with slight stress, which is undesirable.
When n exceeds 100XIO-', the mechanical strength is good, but the difference in heat shrinkage rate with polyamide becomes small, making it difficult to divide, which is not preferable.

Moreover, the ratio of the polyester component in the present invention is preferably 20 to 80% by weight, more preferably 30 to 70% by weight, based on the entire fibril fiber structure.

In the present invention, it is important to set the heat shrinkage of the polyester component constituting the composite fiber as high as possible to increase the difference in heat shrinkage rate from polyamide. However, if the polyester ratio is less than 20% by weight, splitting On the other hand, if it exceeds 80% by weight, the proportion of polyester that heat shrinks and migrates into the interior of the structure is too large, resulting in a hard texture, which is undesirable. .

Examples of the polyamide used in the present invention include nylon 4. Nylon 6, Nylon 7, Nylon 11. Nylon 12. Examples include nylon 66. Examples of polyesters include polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, and copolyesters obtained by copolymerizing these with 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate. These may be blended with modifications or additives for the purpose of preventing static electricity, improving dyeability, matting, antifouling, flame retardancy, etc.

The fibrillar fiber structure in the present invention is a fabric such as a knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric obtained by dividing the above-mentioned splittable conjugate fiber, and the above-mentioned conjugate fiber alone or with other synthetic fibers or natural fibers by twisting, interweaving, or interlacing. It can also be edited and used. The divided state may be such that the composite fiber is entirely divided in the yarn direction, or may be such that the - portion is divided. The single fiber fineness of the polyamide component and polyester component after splitting is preferably fine in order to obtain the desired soft feel and bulky feel. In addition, the polyester component migrates into the interior of the structure after splitting, forming stiffness and tension, and the polyamide component migrates to the surface, forming a soft touch, so the polyamide component after splitting is compared to the polyester component. Therefore, it is preferable that the fineness is somewhat fine.

Next, a manufacturing method for obtaining the fibrillar fiber structure of the present invention will be explained.

In the present invention, after knitting and weaving a split-release type highly oriented undrawn conjugate fiber of a polyamide component and a polyester component into a fabric, it is necessary to heat-treat the fabric while applying an impact. Heat treatment is
This is an essential requirement for effectively utilizing the difference in heat shrinkage between the polyamide component and the polyester component and promoting splitting. As a heat treatment method, any of hot water, dry heat, and steam heat is possible, but hot water treatment is particularly preferable because the fiber structure is treated in a stress-free state as much as possible, and a high heat treatment temperature is preferable. , hot water is about 60℃, dry heat is about 120℃
, steam heat of about 100° C. sufficiently promotes splitting. In addition, in order to promote splitting, it is essential to apply impact during heat treatment, and it is preferable to use various liquid dyes, relaxers, washers, etc. that can apply mechanical impact such as rubbing, stirring, beating, and abrasion. be able to.

The above-mentioned splitting treatment must be carried out at a stage when the polyamide component and the polyester component that constitute the splitting and peeling type highly oriented undrawn conjugate fiber have a difference in heat shrinkage rate, and must be carried out in the first step after fabric formation. Must be. If a device such as a jet dyeing machine or a washer is used for this division process, it is possible to perform the division and dyeing at the same time.

〔Example〕

Example 1 Nylon 6 with an intrinsic viscosity of 1.18 (in metacresol, 30°C) and polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter abbreviated as PET) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.69 (in orthochlorophenol, 30°C) were mixed in a 50:50 ratio (by weight). The composite fibers were melt-spun at a ratio of 200 m/min and wound at 2,800 m/min to obtain a 140-denier, 24-filament split-exfoliated highly oriented undrawn conjugate fiber having a cross section substantially similar to that shown in FIG. However, PE
T is a radial segment (A in the figure) made of nylon 6
were joined to form a segment (B in the figure) having a shape that complements the radiation part.

This composite fiber is used as the weft, and the warp is 75 denier.
Using a normally drawn yarn of 24 filaments, the warp density is 85.
A plain weave fabric with a yarn density of 81 yarns/inch and a weft yarn density of 81 yarns/inch was obtained. This fabric is called “Circ’t CUT-T-5R”
(manufactured by Nichikin Seisakusho) at 60°C.

After dividing for 30 minutes, drying and intermediate setting using the usual method, Kaya
Nol Milling Blue BW (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.: acid dye) 3% OWF was used for staining at 98° C. for 60 minutes. Thereafter, it was dried and finished and set using a conventional method.

Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Separately peelable highly oriented unstretched composites were produced under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the ratio of nylon 6 and PET was lo: 90 (Comparative Example 1) and 85:15 (Comparative Example 2). Fibers were created, divided, and dyed.

Example 2 Nylon 66 with a relative viscosity of 3B.6 (8.4% formic acid solution, 30°C) and PET with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 (in orthochlorophenol, 30°C) were mixed in a ratio of 50:50.
140 denier with a cross section similar to Example 1.

300 pieces of split-peel type highly oriented composite fiber with 36 filaments
It was obtained by winding at 0 m/min. A 22-gauge cotton jersey was knitted using this composite fiber, divided into sections, and dyed in the same manner as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 3 The same nylon 66 and PET as in Example 2 were mixed in a 50:50 ratio (
The fibers were melt-bonded and spun at a ratio of (weight ratio) and wound at 700 m/min to obtain a split-peel type undrawn conjugate fiber having the same cross section as in Example 1. This composite fiber was stretched 4°05 times using a heated roller heated to 85°C, brought into contact with a plate at 150°C, centrifuged, and wound at 800 m/min to give a 75 denier material.

A drawn composite fiber of 24 filaments was obtained. This composite fiber was knitted and divided in the same manner as in Example 2.

Dyed and processed.

Example 3 Nylon 6 and PET used in Example 1 were melt-spun at a ratio of 40:60 (weight ratio), and wound at 4000 m/min to form a 100 denier fiber having a cross section almost similar to that shown in Fig. 6. A split-peel type highly oriented undrawn composite fiber having 24 filaments was obtained. However, nylon 6 has a radial shape segment.
(A in the figure) were joined so that the PET formed a segment (B in the figure) having a shape that complemented the radiation part. Using this composite fiber for the warp and weft, a plain weave fabric with a warp density of 95 threads/inch and a weft thread density of 90 threads/inch was obtained. The above fabric was heated at 70°C for 30 minutes using a washer (manufactured by Konishita Tekkosho).
Split processing was performed for 0 minutes.

Comparative Example 4 The fabric of Example 3 was treated with an open soaper (
(manufactured by Kyoto Kikai Co., Ltd.) at 95°C.

The results of the above Examples and Comparative Examples are summarized in the following table.

As can be seen from the table, the structures shown in the comparative examples had almost no splitting, had a paper-like rough and hard texture, and did not have stretch properties, but the structures shown in the examples were significantly As the division progressed, a product was obtained that was soft, rich in bulk, and had a stretch.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a novel synthetic fiber structure that has appropriate stretchability, is soft and has excellent bulkiness, and can also be obtained by a simple process at a low cost. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 to 8 are cross-sectional views showing examples of the split Ml-released highly oriented undrawn composite fibers of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fiber structure consisting of a split-peelable composite fiber of a highly oriented undrawn polyamide component and a highly oriented undrawn polyester component, characterized in that each of the components is in a split state. fibrillar fiber structure. 2. The fibrillar fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the polyester component in a divided state has a birefringence Δn of 20 to 100×10^-^3. 3. Claim 1, wherein the proportion of the polyester component is 20 to 80% by weight based on the entire fibril fiber structure.
Fibrillar fiber structure according to item 1 or 2. 4. The fibrillar fiber structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the apparent fineness of the polyamide component is smaller than that of the polyester component. 5. After forming a splittable conjugate fiber consisting of a highly oriented unstretched polyamide component and a highly oriented unstretched polyester component into a fabric, heat-treating the fabric while applying an impact to divide the conjugate fiber into each component. A method for producing a fibrillar fiber structure characterized by: