JPS638580B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS638580B2 JPS638580B2 JP54156709A JP15670979A JPS638580B2 JP S638580 B2 JPS638580 B2 JP S638580B2 JP 54156709 A JP54156709 A JP 54156709A JP 15670979 A JP15670979 A JP 15670979A JP S638580 B2 JPS638580 B2 JP S638580B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molecular sieve
- sieve material
- battery
- holder
- contents
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052645 tectosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 59
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001507939 Cormus domestica Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000032953 Device battery issue Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052675 erionite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silica gel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium polysulfide Chemical compound [Na+].S HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/138—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
ãçºæã®è©³çŽ°ãªèª¬æã
æ¬çºæã¯ååŠé»æ± åã³ãã®ä¿è·ã«ä¿ãã
ååŠé»æ± ã¯è©²é»æ± ãè€æ°åçµã¿åãããŠãªãã
ãããªå éšã§æ éããå¯èœæ§ããããå®éã«æ é
ãçããããšãç¥ãããŠãããç¹ã«é«æž©ååŠé»æ±
ã§ã¯ãåèšã®åŠãæ éãå®å šæ§ã®èŠ³ç¹ããããŠé
倧ãªå±éºãçèµ·ãåŸããååŠé»æ± åã¯ãã®ããã
ãªã倧ååããã»ã©ãã®åé¡ãæ·±å»ã«ãªãã
ãããªå éšã§æ éããå¯èœæ§ããããå®éã«æ é
ãçããããšãç¥ãããŠãããç¹ã«é«æž©ååŠé»æ±
ã§ã¯ãåèšã®åŠãæ éãå®å šæ§ã®èŠ³ç¹ããããŠé
倧ãªå±éºãçèµ·ãåŸããååŠé»æ± åã¯ãã®ããã
ãªã倧ååããã»ã©ãã®åé¡ãæ·±å»ã«ãªãã
ããããªã§é§åãããèªåè»ã®å Žåãæ®éèªå
è»ãçŽ300Kmèµ°è¡ãããããã«ã50KWã»hrçšåºŠ
ã®é»åã貯èµãåŸãããããªãå¿ èŠã§ãããã
ããããã ãã®å€§ããã®ãšãã«ã®ã®å šéšåã¯ããª
ãã®éšåãæ¥æ¿ã«æŸåºããããšããããªã«ã¯ç Žæ»
çãªä¹è³ççºçãªæ éãçããã§ããããçŸåšå©
çšããåŸãé«æž©çšããããªã®ãããã®ãèªåè»ç
ã®ææã®è»äž¡ã«èšçœ®ãããŠããã®è»äž¡ãè¡çªãã
ãšãããšãåèšã®åŠãæ éãç°¡åã«çŸå®ã®ãã®ãš
ãªãã
è»ãçŽ300Kmèµ°è¡ãããããã«ã50KWã»hrçšåºŠ
ã®é»åã貯èµãåŸãããããªãå¿ èŠã§ãããã
ããããã ãã®å€§ããã®ãšãã«ã®ã®å šéšåã¯ããª
ãã®éšåãæ¥æ¿ã«æŸåºããããšããããªã«ã¯ç Žæ»
çãªä¹è³ççºçãªæ éãçããã§ããããçŸåšå©
çšããåŸãé«æž©çšããããªã®ãããã®ãèªåè»ç
ã®ææã®è»äž¡ã«èšçœ®ãããŠããã®è»äž¡ãè¡çªãã
ãšãããšãåèšã®åŠãæ éãç°¡åã«çŸå®ã®ãã®ãš
ãªãã
åžè²©ã®äž»ãªè»äž¡ããããªã¯ãããªãŠã ïŒã€ãªãŠ
ããããªåã³ãªããŠã ïŒç¡«åç©ããããªã§ããã
äžçšåºŠã®æéã®ããããªãšããŠã¯ãäºéïŒé žåã
ãã±ã«ããããªã«ä»£è¡šãããã¢ã«ã«ãªããããªã
åºã䜿çšãããŠããã
ããããªåã³ãªããŠã ïŒç¡«åç©ããããªã§ããã
äžçšåºŠã®æéã®ããããªãšããŠã¯ãäºéïŒé žåã
ãã±ã«ããããªã«ä»£è¡šãããã¢ã«ã«ãªããããªã
åºã䜿çšãããŠããã
åèšã®åŠãããããªã®å Žå極ããŠé«ããšãã«ã®
å¯åºŠãèŠæ±ãããããã®ãããªèŠæ±ã¯ã極ããŠé»
æ°çéœæ§ã®å çŽ å³ã¡ãªããŠã åã¯ãããªãŠã ã®åŠ
ãæãåå¿æ§ã®é«ãååŠç©è³ªãšãã€ãªãŠåã¯å¡©çŽ
çã®åŠã極ããŠé»æ°çé°æ§ã®å çŽ ãšãçµåããŠçš
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠã®ã¿æºãããåŸããåèšã®åŠã
ææãçšããããšã®ã¿ã§ããæ¬è³ªçã«å®å šäžã®å
é¡ãçããããã®ãããªå®å šäžã®åé¡ã¯ãç 究段
éããéçºæ®µéãåæ¥ççç£æ®µéåã³äŸãã°è»äž¡
ã§ã®äœ¿çšæ®µéã«è³ããŸã§ã®åèšã®åŠãããããªã®
å©çšã®éã«ååšããŠããã
å¯åºŠãèŠæ±ãããããã®ãããªèŠæ±ã¯ã極ããŠé»
æ°çéœæ§ã®å çŽ å³ã¡ãªããŠã åã¯ãããªãŠã ã®åŠ
ãæãåå¿æ§ã®é«ãååŠç©è³ªãšãã€ãªãŠåã¯å¡©çŽ
çã®åŠã極ããŠé»æ°çé°æ§ã®å çŽ ãšãçµåããŠçš
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠã®ã¿æºãããåŸããåèšã®åŠã
ææãçšããããšã®ã¿ã§ããæ¬è³ªçã«å®å šäžã®å
é¡ãçããããã®ãããªå®å šäžã®åé¡ã¯ãç 究段
éããéçºæ®µéãåæ¥ççç£æ®µéåã³äŸãã°è»äž¡
ã§ã®äœ¿çšæ®µéã«è³ããŸã§ã®åèšã®åŠãããããªã®
å©çšã®éã«ååšããŠããã
åèšã®åŠãããããªã§ã¯ãæçšãªé»æ°ãšãã«ã®
ãäŸçµŠããããã«ãããããªå ã®åå¿ç©è³ªéã®å
åŠåå¿ãå¶åŸ¡ãããããããä¹ãåèšã®åŠãåå¿
ã®å¶åŸ¡ãäžå¯èœã«ãªã€ãå Žåãé倧ã§å±éºãªå®å š
äžã®äºæ ãçããããç¥ããªãããã®ããšã¯äŸã
ã°ãèªåè»ãè¡çªããå Žåã«çããããã®å Žåã
ããããªãæ§æããŠããååŠé»æ± ã®é°æ¥µåã³éœæ¥µ
ã®åå¿ç©è³ªããã€ããã«ãããŠããŸããåèšã®åŠ
ãæ éã¯ãé·æéã®äœ¿çšãããã¯è²¯èµã«ãã€ãŠç
ããé»æ± ã®ããŠãžã³ã°ã®è é£åã¯ç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã®å
埩ã«ãã€ãŠãçãããç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã®å埩ã¯å¿åãš
æªãšãç¹°è¿ãçããããããã«ããèæ§ã®ã·ãŒã«
éšååã³ãããªãŠã ïŒã€ãªãŠé»æ± å ã®åºäœé»è§£è³ª
ã®åŠãå¥ã®èæ§ã®æåã«å²ããçããããããã
ãäŸçµŠããããã«ãããããªå ã®åå¿ç©è³ªéã®å
åŠåå¿ãå¶åŸ¡ãããããããä¹ãåèšã®åŠãåå¿
ã®å¶åŸ¡ãäžå¯èœã«ãªã€ãå Žåãé倧ã§å±éºãªå®å š
äžã®äºæ ãçããããç¥ããªãããã®ããšã¯äŸã
ã°ãèªåè»ãè¡çªããå Žåã«çããããã®å Žåã
ããããªãæ§æããŠããååŠé»æ± ã®é°æ¥µåã³éœæ¥µ
ã®åå¿ç©è³ªããã€ããã«ãããŠããŸããåèšã®åŠ
ãæ éã¯ãé·æéã®äœ¿çšãããã¯è²¯èµã«ãã€ãŠç
ããé»æ± ã®ããŠãžã³ã°ã®è é£åã¯ç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã®å
埩ã«ãã€ãŠãçãããç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã®å埩ã¯å¿åãš
æªãšãç¹°è¿ãçããããããã«ããèæ§ã®ã·ãŒã«
éšååã³ãããªãŠã ïŒã€ãªãŠé»æ± å ã®åºäœé»è§£è³ª
ã®åŠãå¥ã®èæ§ã®æåã«å²ããçããããããã
åèšã®è
é£åã¯ç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã®å埩ã¯éåžžãç¹å®
ã®é»æ± ã«çºç±æ§ã®ç Žæ» çæ éãçããããã§ãã
ããåŸã€ãŠãããããªå ã§é»æ± ã䜿çšãããšã
ã¯ãåèšã®äžã€ã®é»æ± ã®æ éãé£æ¥ããŠããé»æ±
ã«äŒãã€ãŠããããªå šäœã«åºããé倧ãªã«ã¹ã±ãŒ
ãçæ éã«ãªãããšãé»æ¢ããããšãå¿ èŠã§ã
ãã
ã®é»æ± ã«çºç±æ§ã®ç Žæ» çæ éãçããããã§ãã
ããåŸã€ãŠãããããªå ã§é»æ± ã䜿çšãããšã
ã¯ãåèšã®äžã€ã®é»æ± ã®æ éãé£æ¥ããŠããé»æ±
ã«äŒãã€ãŠããããªå šäœã«åºããé倧ãªã«ã¹ã±ãŒ
ãçæ éã«ãªãããšãé»æ¢ããããšãå¿ èŠã§ã
ãã
é倧ãªé»æ± ä¹è³ããããªæ
éã®åé¡ãå
æãã
ããã«ææ¡ãããæ段ã¯ããããã奜ãŸãããªã
ä»å çééåã¯äœç©ãèŠãããšããé倧ãªæ¬ ç¹ã
å«ãã§ãããããªãã¡ãåŸæ¥æ³ã§ã¯ãé»æ± å 容ç©
ãåååã¯åŸ®èŠçã¬ãã«ã§åã¯ååŠçããæ¹ã«ã
ãåŠçããã®ã§ã¯ãªããå·šèŠçã¬ãã«ã§ç©ççã
ãæ¹ã«ããåŠçããããã«ãäœå¯åºŠã®äžçæ§ç±çµ¶
çžäœãšããŠã®äœçšã®ã¿ãè¡ãªãããŒãããŠã«ç³å
ã¯åæ§ã®é±ç©ã䜿çšããŠåèšã®åŠãããããªåã¯
é»æ± ãå å²ãããŠããã
ããã«ææ¡ãããæ段ã¯ããããã奜ãŸãããªã
ä»å çééåã¯äœç©ãèŠãããšããé倧ãªæ¬ ç¹ã
å«ãã§ãããããªãã¡ãåŸæ¥æ³ã§ã¯ãé»æ± å 容ç©
ãåååã¯åŸ®èŠçã¬ãã«ã§åã¯ååŠçããæ¹ã«ã
ãåŠçããã®ã§ã¯ãªããå·šèŠçã¬ãã«ã§ç©ççã
ãæ¹ã«ããåŠçããããã«ãäœå¯åºŠã®äžçæ§ç±çµ¶
çžäœãšããŠã®äœçšã®ã¿ãè¡ãªãããŒãããŠã«ç³å
ã¯åæ§ã®é±ç©ã䜿çšããŠåèšã®åŠãããããªåã¯
é»æ± ãå å²ãããŠããã
åŸã€ãŠãåèšã®é倧ãªããããªæ
éã®åé¡ã解
決ããããŸã§ã¯ãçŸåšææ¡ãããŠããå€ãã®éçº
äžã®ããããªã®åæ¥ççšéã¯ãæè¡çã«é©æ Œãªçš
éã«éãããŠãããããªãã¡ãåèšã®åŠãããã
ãªä¹è³é»æ± ã¯ãå®å šæ§ã«é¢ããå±éºã®æ ã«éèŠãª
ãã¹ããŒã±ããã§ããè»äž¡çç£åžå Žã«ã¯åå ¥ãåŸ
ãªãã§ãããã
決ããããŸã§ã¯ãçŸåšææ¡ãããŠããå€ãã®éçº
äžã®ããããªã®åæ¥ççšéã¯ãæè¡çã«é©æ Œãªçš
éã«éãããŠãããããªãã¡ãåèšã®åŠãããã
ãªä¹è³é»æ± ã¯ãå®å šæ§ã«é¢ããå±éºã®æ ã«éèŠãª
ãã¹ããŒã±ããã§ããè»äž¡çç£åžå Žã«ã¯åå ¥ãåŸ
ãªãã§ãããã
æ¬çºæã«ããã°ãååŠé»æ± ããæŒåºããååŠé»
æ± å 容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãã
ãæ¹æ³ã¯ãååŠé»æ± ããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å 容ç©
ãåçããããã«ã20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³
å寞æ³ãæãã空æŽä¹è³åãå«ããã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠ
ã©ãŒã·ãŒãææ補ã®åçå€ãååŠé»æ± ã«çµåãã
ã段éãå«ããããã§åçãšã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·
ãŒãã®çŽ°åäžãžã®åžçä¹è³åžåãæãã
æ± å 容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãã
ãæ¹æ³ã¯ãååŠé»æ± ããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å 容ç©
ãåçããããã«ã20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³
å寞æ³ãæãã空æŽä¹è³åãå«ããã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠ
ã©ãŒã·ãŒãææ補ã®åçå€ãååŠé»æ± ã«çµåãã
ã段éãå«ããããã§åçãšã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·
ãŒãã®çŽ°åäžãžã®åžçä¹è³åžåãæãã
é»æ± å
容ç©ã¯ãæœåšçã«å±éºã§æ害ãªé»æ°ååŠ
çåå¿ç©è³ªåã³ïŒåã¯åå¿çæç©ã§ããã
çåå¿ç©è³ªåã³ïŒåã¯åå¿çæç©ã§ããã
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãå°æ¢ãããŠããã
é»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ã®å šäœåã¯äžéšãå å²ããŠãã
å°ããšãäžã€ã®ã·ãŒã«å±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠãã
ãã
é»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ã®å šäœåã¯äžéšãå å²ããŠãã
å°ããšãäžã€ã®ã·ãŒã«å±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠãã
ãã
æ¬çºæã®äžå
·äœäŸã§ã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æã¯ãé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ãšè©²ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒã
ææãå°å ¥ããå€åŽå°æ¢å£ãšã®éã®ã·ãŒã«ããã
å±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠããã
æã¯ãé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ãšè©²ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒã
ææãå°å ¥ããå€åŽå°æ¢å£ãšã®éã®ã·ãŒã«ããã
å±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠããã
æ¬çºæã®å€åœ¢å
·äœäŸã§ã¯ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æãé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ãå容åã¯çè±èªåšã«å容
ãã¹ã圢ã¥ããããã·ãŒã«ãã«ãã®äžã«èšããã
ãŠããããã«ãã¯å°æ¢çã«é£çµãããå åŽåã³å€
åŽå°æ¢å£ãæããŠããããããã®å£ã®éã«ã¢ã¬ã
ãŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãå°å ¥ãããŠããã
æãé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ãå容åã¯çè±èªåšã«å容
ãã¹ã圢ã¥ããããã·ãŒã«ãã«ãã®äžã«èšããã
ãŠããããã«ãã¯å°æ¢çã«é£çµãããå åŽåã³å€
åŽå°æ¢å£ãæããŠããããããã®å£ã®éã«ã¢ã¬ã
ãŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãå°å ¥ãããŠããã
å°æ¢å£ã¯ãè¡æãåããå Žåã®ç Žç ä¹è³å²ãã«
æãã¹ããå¯ææ§ãããã¯åŒŸåçå¯ææ§ææåã¯
å€åœ¢æ§åã¯åŒŸåçå€åœ¢æ§ææã®åŠãèç Žç æ§ä¹è³
å²ãã«ããææãããªã€ãŠããŠãããã
æãã¹ããå¯ææ§ãããã¯åŒŸåçå¯ææ§ææåã¯
å€åœ¢æ§åã¯åŒŸåçå€åœ¢æ§ææã®åŠãèç Žç æ§ä¹è³
å²ãã«ããææãããªã€ãŠããŠãããã
å°å
¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããŒãªã©ã€
ãã®å Žåã®åŠãåçæ°Žãå«ãå Žåã該ã¢ã¬ããŠã©
ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ã®åçèœåãæ¹
åãããããã«å°ããšãéšåçã«è±æ°ŽãããŠãã
ã®ã奜ãŸããã
ãã®å Žåã®åŠãåçæ°Žãå«ãå Žåã該ã¢ã¬ããŠã©
ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ã®åçèœåãæ¹
åãããããã«å°ããšãéšåçã«è±æ°ŽãããŠãã
ã®ã奜ãŸããã
æ¬çºæã®äžå
·äœäŸã§ã¯ãå°å
¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©
ãŒã·ãŒãææã®ç±çµ¶çžæ§ãæ¹è¯ããããã«ã該ã¢
ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯è±æ°ãããŠããŠãããã
ãŒã·ãŒãææã®ç±çµ¶çžæ§ãæ¹è¯ããããã«ã該ã¢
ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯è±æ°ãããŠããŠãããã
æ¬çºæã®å€åœ¢å
·äœäŸã§ã¯ãå°å
¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠ
ã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ã«å¯ŸããŠäžæŽ»
æ§ã®äžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãå«ãã§ããŠãããã
ã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ã«å¯ŸããŠäžæŽ»
æ§ã®äžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãå«ãã§ããŠãããã
ãã®å ŽåäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ã¯äŸãã°åžã¬ã¹ãçªçŽ ãäº
é žåççŽ çã§ããã
é žåççŽ çã§ããã
æ¬çºæã«ããã°ãæŽã«ãååŠé»æ± ããæŒåºãã
ååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåçããããšã«ãã€ãŠè©²æŒåºå
容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãã¹ãã
20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³å寞æ³ãæãã空æŽ
ä¹è³åãå«ããã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææ補ã®
åçå€ãçµåãããŠããååŠé»æ± ãæäŸãããã
ååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåçããããšã«ãã€ãŠè©²æŒåºå
容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãã¹ãã
20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³å寞æ³ãæãã空æŽ
ä¹è³åãå«ããã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææ補ã®
åçå€ãçµåãããŠããååŠé»æ± ãæäŸãããã
æ¬çºæã«ããã°ãæŽã«ãååŠé»æ± ãå容åã¯ç
è±èªåšã«å容ãã¹ã圢ã¥ããããã·ãŒã«ãã«ãã§
ãã€ãŠå°æ¢çã«é£çµãããå åŽåã³å€åŽã®å°æ¢å£
ãå«ãã§ããããããã®å°æ¢å£ã®éã«åžåæ§ã®ã
20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³å寞æ³ãæãã空æŽ
ä¹è³åå«ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãããªãåç
å€ãèšããããŠããã
è±èªåšã«å容ãã¹ã圢ã¥ããããã·ãŒã«ãã«ãã§
ãã€ãŠå°æ¢çã«é£çµãããå åŽåã³å€åŽã®å°æ¢å£
ãå«ãã§ããããããã®å°æ¢å£ã®éã«åžåæ§ã®ã
20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³å寞æ³ãæãã空æŽ
ä¹è³åå«ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãããªãåç
å€ãèšããããŠããã
æ¬çºæã¯ãçæé»æ± ã®åœ¢æ
ã®ååŠé»æ± ãå«ã
çš®ã ã®ã¿ã€ãã®ååŠé»æ± ã«å¯ŸããŠé©çšãåŸããã
é»æ°ååŠçç©è³ªãããã¯é»è§£æ¶²ãå©çšããååŠé»
æ± åã¯é»æ± ããæŒåºãããšå±éºãªåå¿çæç©ãç
ããååŠé»æ± ãåã¯çžäºã«ãããã¯é»æ± åšå²å€éš
ã®ç©ºæ°ãšåå¿ãããšæœåšçã«å±éºãªåå¿çæç©ã
çæããååŠé»æ± ã«ç¹ã«é©çšãããã
çš®ã ã®ã¿ã€ãã®ååŠé»æ± ã«å¯ŸããŠé©çšãåŸããã
é»æ°ååŠçç©è³ªãããã¯é»è§£æ¶²ãå©çšããååŠé»
æ± åã¯é»æ± ããæŒåºãããšå±éºãªåå¿çæç©ãç
ããååŠé»æ± ãåã¯çžäºã«ãããã¯é»æ± åšå²å€éš
ã®ç©ºæ°ãšåå¿ãããšæœåšçã«å±éºãªåå¿çæç©ã
çæããååŠé»æ± ã«ç¹ã«é©çšãããã
åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã¯äŸãã°ãé«æž©çšé»æ± ã溶èé»è§£
質ãå©çšããé»æ± ã溶èãããã¯æœåšçã«å±éºãª
é»æ°çé°æ§åã³ïŒåã¯é»æ°çéœæ§ãªç©è³ªã䜿çšã
ãé»æ± çã«ç¹ã«é©çšããåŸãã
質ãå©çšããé»æ± ã溶èãããã¯æœåšçã«å±éºãª
é»æ°çé°æ§åã³ïŒåã¯é»æ°çéœæ§ãªç©è³ªã䜿çšã
ãé»æ± çã«ç¹ã«é©çšããåŸãã
æ¬çºæã®ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãé»
æ± ããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãè¿ éã«åçã
ãŠãå·åŽããåŸãããã«åã¯åèšå 容ç©ãšç©ºæ°ãš
ã®åå¿ãããã¯å 容ç©çžäºéã®åå¿ã®å¯èœæ§ãã
ãã¯çšåºŠãããã¯é床ãæžå°ãããããã«æŒåºå
容ç©ãåæ£ç¶æ ã§ä¿æããããšã«ãã€ãŠãåèšã®
åŠãå 容ç©ãçèµ·ããæœåšçå±éºãæžå°ããåŸã
ãããªãææã§ãã€ãŠãããã
æ± ããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãè¿ éã«åçã
ãŠãå·åŽããåŸãããã«åã¯åèšå 容ç©ãšç©ºæ°ãš
ã®åå¿ãããã¯å 容ç©çžäºéã®åå¿ã®å¯èœæ§ãã
ãã¯çšåºŠãããã¯é床ãæžå°ãããããã«æŒåºå
容ç©ãåæ£ç¶æ ã§ä¿æããããšã«ãã€ãŠãåèšã®
åŠãå 容ç©ãçèµ·ããæœåšçå±éºãæžå°ããåŸã
ãããªãææã§ãã€ãŠãããã
ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãããã现å
åã¯æºã®åœ¢ç¶ã®ååã¬ãã«ã®å€§ããã®ç©ºæŽä¹è³å
ãå«ã§ããããã®ç©ºæŽã¯è©²ç©ºæŽã«æ¥ç¶ããçªãæ
ããŠãããçªãããã现ååã³æºã®å¹³å寞æ³ã¯20
ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã§ããã
åã¯æºã®åœ¢ç¶ã®ååã¬ãã«ã®å€§ããã®ç©ºæŽä¹è³å
ãå«ã§ããããã®ç©ºæŽã¯è©²ç©ºæŽã«æ¥ç¶ããçªãæ
ããŠãããçªãããã现ååã³æºã®å¹³å寞æ³ã¯20
ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã§ããã
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã®çªã®å¯žæ³ã¯è©²ã¢ã¬ã
ãŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã«ããåçãããã¹ãååŠé»æ±
å 容ç©ã容æã«äŸµå ¥ãããã«ååãªå€§ããã§ãªã
ãã°ãªããã空æŽã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ãåèšå 容ç©ãç
èµ·ããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãããã«ååãªæéã«äº
ã€ãŠã»ã«ã®å 容ç©ãå éšã«æããŠããããšãå¯èœ
ã§ãªããã°ãªããªãã
ãŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã«ããåçãããã¹ãååŠé»æ±
å 容ç©ã容æã«äŸµå ¥ãããã«ååãªå€§ããã§ãªã
ãã°ãªããã空æŽã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ãåèšå 容ç©ãç
èµ·ããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãããã«ååãªæéã«äº
ã€ãŠã»ã«ã®å 容ç©ãå éšã«æããŠããããšãå¯èœ
ã§ãªããã°ãªããªãã
æŽã«ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãã»ã«å
容ç©ã®ãã¡ã®å¯äžçš®é¡ã®ç©è³ªã®ã¿ãå éšã«åçã
ãåŸã现å寞æ³ãæããããã«éžæãããŠãã
ãã
容ç©ã®ãã¡ã®å¯äžçš®é¡ã®ç©è³ªã®ã¿ãå éšã«åçã
ãåŸã现å寞æ³ãæããããã«éžæãããŠãã
ãã
ãã®å Žåãåçãããç©è³ªãä»ã®é»æ± å
容ç©ã
ãåé¢ãããã
ãåé¢ãããã
çš®ã
ã®ã¿ã€ãã®å€©ç¶åã³åæã®ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·
ãŒãææãç¥ãããŠããããããã®ææã¯ã粟
補ãäžçŽç©é€å»ä¹è³æéãåã³åé¢çšãšããŠç£æ¥
äžåºã䜿çšãããŠãããæŽã«ããããã®ææã®é
èŠã®æ ã«ããããã®ææã¯å®å šã«èª¿æ»ãããæ°ã
ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçäžã§éçºããäž
ã€è£œé ãããŠããã
ãŒãææãç¥ãããŠããããããã®ææã¯ã粟
補ãäžçŽç©é€å»ä¹è³æéãåã³åé¢çšãšããŠç£æ¥
äžåºã䜿çšãããŠãããæŽã«ããããã®ææã®é
èŠã®æ ã«ããããã®ææã¯å®å šã«èª¿æ»ãããæ°ã
ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçäžã§éçºããäž
ã€è£œé ãããŠããã
ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ä»»æã®é©åœãª
圢ç¶ãäŸãã°ç²æ«ããã¬ãããå€ãã®åãæãã
æ§é äœåã¯å¡ã®åœ¢ç¶ãæããŠããã°ããã
圢ç¶ãäŸãã°ç²æ«ããã¬ãããå€ãã®åãæãã
æ§é äœåã¯å¡ã®åœ¢ç¶ãæããŠããã°ããã
çªã®å¯žæ³ã空æŽã®å¯žæ³ãååŠé»æ± å
容ç©ã®è¿
é
ãªåçèœåãåã³åèšã®åŠãé»æ± å 容ç©ãçèµ·ã
ãæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãããã«ååã«åæ£ããç¶æ
ã§é»æ± å 容ç©ãæããŠããèœåçã®èŠå ãèæ ®ã
ãŠãé©åœãªã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããéžæããããã®
æŠç¥çåºæºãäžããããã§ãããã
ãªåçèœåãåã³åèšã®åŠãé»æ± å 容ç©ãçèµ·ã
ãæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãããã«ååã«åæ£ããç¶æ
ã§é»æ± å 容ç©ãæããŠããèœåçã®èŠå ãèæ ®ã
ãŠãé©åœãªã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããéžæããããã®
æŠç¥çåºæºãäžããããã§ãããã
åºæºãšããŠäœ¿çšãåŸãå¥ã®èŠå ã¯ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãææã®å€å床ãå¯åºŠãå ¥æãæããäŸ¡æ Œå
ã³å®å®æ§ã§ããã
ã·ãŒãææã®å€å床ãå¯åºŠãå ¥æãæããäŸ¡æ Œå
ã³å®å®æ§ã§ããã
éžæãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãã®æ£ç¢ºãªã¿ã€ã
ã¯ã察象ãšãªãé»æ± ã®æ£ç¢ºä¹è³å³å¯ãªååŠçæ§è³ª
ã«å·Šå³ãããã
ã¯ã察象ãšãªãé»æ± ã®æ£ç¢ºä¹è³å³å¯ãªååŠçæ§è³ª
ã«å·Šå³ãããã
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãå®éäžä»¥äžã®æ¡ä»¶
ãæºè¶³ããã
ãæºè¶³ããã
(a) é»æ± ã®åäœä¹è³äœ¿çšæž©åºŠç¯å²ãããé«ã枩床
ãŸã§å®å®ã§ãªããã°ãªããªãã
ãŸã§å®å®ã§ãªããã°ãªããªãã
(b) ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãé»æ± ãã
æŸåºããåŸãé»æ± ã®å 容ç©ã®ãããã«å¯ŸããŠã
å®éäžåå¿ããèããå°ãªãå®å®ã§ããããã
ããä¹ããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãåèšã®åŠ
ãå 容ç©ãšããçšåºŠåå¿ãããšãã¯åžç±çã«å
å¿ããã®ã奜ãŸããã
æŸåºããåŸãé»æ± ã®å 容ç©ã®ãããã«å¯ŸããŠã
å®éäžåå¿ããèããå°ãªãå®å®ã§ããããã
ããä¹ããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãåèšã®åŠ
ãå 容ç©ãšããçšåºŠåå¿ãããšãã¯åžç±çã«å
å¿ããã®ã奜ãŸããã
(c) ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãäœå¯åºŠã§ãå®äŸ¡
ã§ã奜ãŸããã¯è¯å¥œãªç±çµ¶çžäœã§ãªããã°ãªã
ãªãã
ã§ã奜ãŸããã¯è¯å¥œãªç±çµ¶çžäœã§ãªããã°ãªã
ãªãã
ãããã®æ¡ä»¶ããããŠãã¯ã©ã¹ã¬ã€ããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããè€åã«ãŒãã³ã¢ã¬ããŠã©
ãŒã·ãŒãã®åŠãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãåã³ã
ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããå€æ§ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãåã³ã
ã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãç¶ç©è³ªã®åŠãããçš®ã®åçæ§ã®å€©
ç¶åã¯åæã®ç¡æ©ç©è³ªïŒäŸãã°ç¡æ©ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãïŒã䜿çšããåŸãã
ã³ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããè€åã«ãŒãã³ã¢ã¬ããŠã©
ãŒã·ãŒãã®åŠãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãåã³ã
ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããå€æ§ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãåã³ã
ã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãç¶ç©è³ªã®åŠãããçš®ã®åçæ§ã®å€©
ç¶åã¯åæã®ç¡æ©ç©è³ªïŒäŸãã°ç¡æ©ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãïŒã䜿çšããåŸãã
ãããªãŠã ïŒã€ãªãŠé«æž©çšé»æ± ãšå
±ã«äœ¿çšãã
ã®ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã§ããã
å€ãã®ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãããããªãŠã ãã€ãªãŠå
ã³å€ç¡«åãããªãŠã ãåçãæãããã§ãããã
ã®ç¹ã§ã¯ããŒãªã©ã€ãæ§ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããç¹ã«
奜ãŸããã
ã®ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã§ããã
å€ãã®ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãããããªãŠã ãã€ãªãŠå
ã³å€ç¡«åãããªãŠã ãåçãæãããã§ãããã
ã®ç¹ã§ã¯ããŒãªã©ã€ãæ§ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããç¹ã«
奜ãŸããã
åŸã€ãŠãé©åœãªç¡æ©ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒã
ãããªãæ äœã¯ããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããæ§æããç©
質矀ãå³ã¡ããéªšæ Œæ§é ã·ãªã±ãŒãããšããŠãç¥
ãããç©è³ªçŸ€ããéžæããåŸãããããã®ç©è³ª
ã¯ã倩ç¶åã¯åæã®çµæ¶æ§åã¯éçµæ¶è³ªä¹è³ã¢ã¢
ã«ãã¢ã¹ç©è³ªã§ãããã (a) ã·ãªã«ã²ã«ã®åŠãã·ãªã±ãŒãã (b) ãŒãªã©ã€ãã (c) é·ç³ãåã³ (d) åé·ç³ ãå«ãã(b)ïŒ(c)åã³(d)ã¯ã·ãªã±ãŒãåé¢äœã®ïŒå
ã®é žçŽ ååå šéšãé£æ¥ã®åé¢äœã«å ±æãããŠãã
æ§é ã®ã·ãªã±ãŒãã§ããããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã®éªš
æ Œæ§é ã¯ãããå Žåã«ã¯ã¢ã«ãããŠã ååãæã€
ã·ãªã³ã³ãšå¥ã®ååãšãããªããç¡æ©ãã¯ãã¢ã¬
ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ äœã¯ãéªšæ Œæ§é ã®ã·ãªã³ã³å
ã³ïŒåã¯ã¢ã«ãããŠã ååãïŒå以äžã®éãããª
ãªãŠã ãããŠçŽ ããªã³ãççŽ ãã²ã«ãããŠã åã³
ã¬ãªãŠã ã® ååã«ããå°ãåã¯å€ãã®å²åã§çœ®æãããŠãã¯
ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããšããŠã®ç¹æ§ãšæ§è³ªãšãç¶
æãããŠãããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã®æ··åç©åã¯åæ
äœä¹è³é¡äŒŒç©ããå«ãã
ãããªãæ äœã¯ããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããæ§æããç©
質矀ãå³ã¡ããéªšæ Œæ§é ã·ãªã±ãŒãããšããŠãç¥
ãããç©è³ªçŸ€ããéžæããåŸãããããã®ç©è³ª
ã¯ã倩ç¶åã¯åæã®çµæ¶æ§åã¯éçµæ¶è³ªä¹è³ã¢ã¢
ã«ãã¢ã¹ç©è³ªã§ãããã (a) ã·ãªã«ã²ã«ã®åŠãã·ãªã±ãŒãã (b) ãŒãªã©ã€ãã (c) é·ç³ãåã³ (d) åé·ç³ ãå«ãã(b)ïŒ(c)åã³(d)ã¯ã·ãªã±ãŒãåé¢äœã®ïŒå
ã®é žçŽ ååå šéšãé£æ¥ã®åé¢äœã«å ±æãããŠãã
æ§é ã®ã·ãªã±ãŒãã§ããããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã®éªš
æ Œæ§é ã¯ãããå Žåã«ã¯ã¢ã«ãããŠã ååãæã€
ã·ãªã³ã³ãšå¥ã®ååãšãããªããç¡æ©ãã¯ãã¢ã¬
ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ äœã¯ãéªšæ Œæ§é ã®ã·ãªã³ã³å
ã³ïŒåã¯ã¢ã«ãããŠã ååãïŒå以äžã®éãããª
ãªãŠã ãããŠçŽ ããªã³ãççŽ ãã²ã«ãããŠã åã³
ã¬ãªãŠã ã® ååã«ããå°ãåã¯å€ãã®å²åã§çœ®æãããŠãã¯
ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããšããŠã®ç¹æ§ãšæ§è³ªãšãç¶
æãããŠãããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã®æ··åç©åã¯åæ
äœä¹è³é¡äŒŒç©ããå«ãã
å€ãã®ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã¯å®äŸ¡ã§è±å¯ã«ããã
æ¬è³ªçã«äžçæ§ã§ãããæ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšããå Žåã
ææãªãã°åèšã®ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãããè¿œå ã®å®¹
ç©åã³çµ¶çžæ§ãäžããå å¡«æãšããŠäœçšããã¢ã¬
ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãã§ã¯ãªãç©è³ªãäŸãã°ã¬ã©ã¹ç¹ç¶
åã¯ããŒãããŠã«ç³ãšæ··åããŠãããã
æ¬è³ªçã«äžçæ§ã§ãããæ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšããå Žåã
ææãªãã°åèšã®ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãããè¿œå ã®å®¹
ç©åã³çµ¶çžæ§ãäžããå å¡«æãšããŠäœçšããã¢ã¬
ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãã§ã¯ãªãç©è³ªãäŸãã°ã¬ã©ã¹ç¹ç¶
åã¯ããŒãããŠã«ç³ãšæ··åããŠãããã
æ¬çºæã®ç¹å®å
·äœäŸã§ã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒã
ææã倩ç¶ãããã¯åæãŒãªã©ã€ããåã¯ç©çç
ãããã¯ååŠçã«å€æ§ãããŠããããã©ãããªã
ååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåçããããã®é©åœãªååã¬ã
ã«ã®å€§ããã®ç©ºæŽãæããŠããå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã
å«ãã
ææã倩ç¶ãããã¯åæãŒãªã©ã€ããåã¯ç©çç
ãããã¯ååŠçã«å€æ§ãããŠããããã©ãããªã
ååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåçããããã®é©åœãªååã¬ã
ã«ã®å€§ããã®ç©ºæŽãæããŠããå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã
å«ãã
ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯å ç±åã³ïŒåã¯è±æ°ããªãã¡ç空
ä¹è³æžå§ææ°ã«ãã€ãŠéåžžã¯å¯éçã«é€å»ããåŸ
ãæ°Žåãå«ãã
ä¹è³æžå§ææ°ã«ãã€ãŠéåžžã¯å¯éçã«é€å»ããåŸ
ãæ°Žåãå«ãã
ããçš®ã®å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ããç¹ã«ã極床å®å®ãå
ã¯ãè¶ å®å®ããŒãªã©ã€ããšããŠç¥ãããŠãããŒãª
ã©ã€ããç¹ã«é©åœã§ãããåèšã®åŠãè¶ å®å®åã¯
極床å®å®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ïŒã€ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã¯ã1000â
ãŸã§å®å®ãªãŒãªã©ã€ãç¶ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææ
ã圢æããè±ã«ããªã³æ³ã«ãã圢æãããïŒãã
ã«ãã»ïŒ·ã»ãã¬ãã¯ããŒãªã©ã€ãã»ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãããŠã€ãªãŒã»ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãµã€ãšã³ã¹ã1973å
ç §ïŒã
ã¯ãè¶ å®å®ããŒãªã©ã€ããšããŠç¥ãããŠãããŒãª
ã©ã€ããç¹ã«é©åœã§ãããåèšã®åŠãè¶ å®å®åã¯
極床å®å®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ïŒã€ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã¯ã1000â
ãŸã§å®å®ãªãŒãªã©ã€ãç¶ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææ
ã圢æããè±ã«ããªã³æ³ã«ãã圢æãããïŒãã
ã«ãã»ïŒ·ã»ãã¬ãã¯ããŒãªã©ã€ãã»ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãããŠã€ãªãŒã»ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãµã€ãšã³ã¹ã1973å
ç §ïŒã
åŸã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã§ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãšã
ãŠãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒåã¯å¥ã®æ°Žåãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãïŒ
ã䜿çšãããå Žåããããã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯ãååŠ
é»æ± å 容ç©ã®åçèœåãæ¹åããããã«å®è³ªçã«
å®å šã«åã¯éšåçã«è±æ°ŽãããŠããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãã
ãŠãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒåã¯å¥ã®æ°Žåãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãïŒ
ã䜿çšãããå Žåããããã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯ãååŠ
é»æ± å 容ç©ã®åçèœåãæ¹åããããã«å®è³ªçã«
å®å šã«åã¯éšåçã«è±æ°ŽãããŠããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãã
è±æ°ŽãŒãªã©ã€ãåã¯è±æ°Žãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããçš
ããå©ç¹ã¯ããããã®ææãæ°Žãåçãæããæ¬
çºæã«ãã䜿çšäžã«ãéåã¯ããã«é¡äŒŒã®æ°Žã«ã
ãé»æ± ã®å®¹åšã®è é£ãé²ãã¹ãåãããšã§ããã
ãã®ãããªæ°Žã¯ãäŸãã°ããããªãŒã®å€åŽã±ãŒã·
ã³ã°ã«æ¬ é¥ãããå Žåãå ¥ã蟌ãèããããã
ããå©ç¹ã¯ããããã®ææãæ°Žãåçãæããæ¬
çºæã«ãã䜿çšäžã«ãéåã¯ããã«é¡äŒŒã®æ°Žã«ã
ãé»æ± ã®å®¹åšã®è é£ãé²ãã¹ãåãããšã§ããã
ãã®ãããªæ°Žã¯ãäŸãã°ããããªãŒã®å€åŽã±ãŒã·
ã³ã°ã«æ¬ é¥ãããå Žåãå ¥ã蟌ãèããããã
æ¬çºæã®ç¯å²ãéå®ããã€ããã§ã¯ãªãããã©
ãããŒãªã©ã€ããããéåžžã¯ãããªãæçœãªå²å
ã§ã¢ã«ãããŠã ãšã·ãªã³ã³ãšãå«æããŠããçµæ¶
æ§åã¯éæ¶è³ªã®å€©ç¶åã¯åæææåã¯ãããã®å
æäœã®ã°ãªãŒããšåå®ãããŠãããããŒãªã©ã€ã
ã®ãã詳现ãªè§£èª¬ã«é¢ããŠã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã·ãšã
ã«ã»ãŠããªã³ã»ãªãã»ããŠã¢ã»ã¢ã³ãã»ã¢ãã©ã€
ãã»ã±ãã¹ããªã€ã«ãã1975幎ïŒæçºè¡ã®ãã±ã
ã«ã«ã»ããŒãã³ã¯ã©ã€ããŠã¢ãã¢ã³ãã»ããªãŒã
ãŠã¬ãŒã·ãšã³ã»ãªãã»ã³ã³ããžã·ãšã³ããªãã»ã·
ã³ã»ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ã³ãã»ãããŠã©ã«ã»ãŒãªã©ã€
ãããåç §ãåŸãã
ãããŒãªã©ã€ããããéåžžã¯ãããªãæçœãªå²å
ã§ã¢ã«ãããŠã ãšã·ãªã³ã³ãšãå«æããŠããçµæ¶
æ§åã¯éæ¶è³ªã®å€©ç¶åã¯åæææåã¯ãããã®å
æäœã®ã°ãªãŒããšåå®ãããŠãããããŒãªã©ã€ã
ã®ãã詳现ãªè§£èª¬ã«é¢ããŠã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã·ãšã
ã«ã»ãŠããªã³ã»ãªãã»ããŠã¢ã»ã¢ã³ãã»ã¢ãã©ã€
ãã»ã±ãã¹ããªã€ã«ãã1975幎ïŒæçºè¡ã®ãã±ã
ã«ã«ã»ããŒãã³ã¯ã©ã€ããŠã¢ãã¢ã³ãã»ããªãŒã
ãŠã¬ãŒã·ãšã³ã»ãªãã»ã³ã³ããžã·ãšã³ããªãã»ã·
ã³ã»ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ã³ãã»ãããŠã©ã«ã»ãŒãªã©ã€
ãããåç §ãåŸãã
æ¬çºæã®ç¹å®å
·äœäŸã§ã¯ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïŒ¡ããŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïŒ¡ããŒãªã©ã€
ãïŒïŒïŒžçã®åŠãå žåçãŒãªã©ã€ãã®åœ¢æ ã§ãã€
ãŠãããã
æã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïŒ¡ããŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïŒ¡ããŒãªã©ã€
ãïŒïŒïŒžçã®åŠãå žåçãŒãªã©ã€ãã®åœ¢æ ã§ãã€
ãŠãããã
æ¬çºæã®å€åœ¢å
·äœäŸã§ã¯äŸãã°ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯ã
äŸãã°ãšãªãªãã€ãåã³ããŒãžã€ãµã€ãçµæ¶ãå«
ãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæããã倩ç¶ç£ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæ¶
ã®åœ¢æ ã§ããåŸãã
äŸãã°ãšãªãªãã€ãåã³ããŒãžã€ãµã€ãçµæ¶ãå«
ãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæããã倩ç¶ç£ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæ¶
ã®åœ¢æ ã§ããåŸãã
æ¬çºæãååŠé»æ± åã³åèšã®åŠãé»æ± ãè€æ°å
çµã¿åãããŠãªãããããªã«é©çšããåŸãããšã
ç解ããããã
çµã¿åãããŠãªãããããªã«é©çšããåŸãããšã
ç解ããããã
æ¬çºæãè€æ°ã®é»æ± ãããªãããããªã«é©çšã
ããå Žåãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææå±€ã¯åé»æ± å
ã³ïŒåã¯ããããªèªäœãçµåä¹è³é¢é£ã¥ãããåŸ
ãã
ããå Žåãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææå±€ã¯åé»æ± å
ã³ïŒåã¯ããããªèªäœãçµåä¹è³é¢é£ã¥ãããåŸ
ãã
æ¬çºæã«ããã°ããã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æãããªãåçå€ãšååŠé»æ± ãšã®çµåã¯ãé»æ± ã«
çŽæ¥åã¯ãã®è¿ãã«ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æãé©çšãã¹ãæ§æãããïŒé»æ± ã®æ éã«ããäŸ
ãã°èªåçã«æŽ»æ§åä¹è³äœåããããããïŒæ段
ãèšããããšã«ãã€ãŠè¡ãªãããŠãããããã®å Ž
åãçºå°è¬ä¹è³æšé²æãšãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒ
ãææ補ã®åçå€ãšãæããæ¶ååšãšåæ§ã®å®¹åš
ãé»æ± ã«çµåãããé»æ± ã«æ éãçãããšãã«è©²
é»æ± ã®æ éã«ãã€ãŠåèšã®åŠãæŸåºè£ 眮ããã¯ã
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãé»æ± äžåã³é»æ± ã®åã
ã«åŽé§ããããã«é»æ± ã«é£çµãããŠããã
æãããªãåçå€ãšååŠé»æ± ãšã®çµåã¯ãé»æ± ã«
çŽæ¥åã¯ãã®è¿ãã«ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æãé©çšãã¹ãæ§æãããïŒé»æ± ã®æ éã«ããäŸ
ãã°èªåçã«æŽ»æ§åä¹è³äœåããããããïŒæ段
ãèšããããšã«ãã€ãŠè¡ãªãããŠãããããã®å Ž
åãçºå°è¬ä¹è³æšé²æãšãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒ
ãææ補ã®åçå€ãšãæããæ¶ååšãšåæ§ã®å®¹åš
ãé»æ± ã«çµåãããé»æ± ã«æ éãçãããšãã«è©²
é»æ± ã®æ éã«ãã€ãŠåèšã®åŠãæŸåºè£ 眮ããã¯ã
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãé»æ± äžåã³é»æ± ã®åã
ã«åŽé§ããããã«é»æ± ã«é£çµãããŠããã
次ã«æ¬çºæã«å
·äœäŸãæ·»ä»å³é¢ã«åºããŠééå®
çã«èª¬æããã
çã«èª¬æããã
å³äžã®åç
§ç¬Šå·ïŒïŒã¯å
žåçååŠé»æ± ã®å
šäœã
瀺ãã
瀺ãã
å³ç€ºã®å
·äœäŸã«ãããŠãé»æ± ïŒïŒã¯å€«ã
ã溶è
ã€ãªãŠïŒå€ç¡«åç©éœæ¥µïŒïŒãšæº¶èãããªãŠã é°æ¥µ
ïŒïŒãšãéœæ¥µïŒïŒããé°æ¥µïŒïŒãåé¢ããåºäœÎ²
âã¢ã«ããåã¯ãã·ã³ã³ïŒnasiconïŒé»è§£è³ªïŒïŒ
ãšãå«ãé«æž©çšé»æ± ã®åœ¢æ ã§ããã
ã€ãªãŠïŒå€ç¡«åç©éœæ¥µïŒïŒãšæº¶èãããªãŠã é°æ¥µ
ïŒïŒãšãéœæ¥µïŒïŒããé°æ¥µïŒïŒãåé¢ããåºäœÎ²
âã¢ã«ããåã¯ãã·ã³ã³ïŒnasiconïŒé»è§£è³ªïŒïŒ
ãšãå«ãé«æž©çšé»æ± ã®åœ¢æ ã§ããã
é»æ± ïŒïŒã¯ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ïŒïŒãæããŠããããã®
ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ïŒïŒå ã«é»æ± å 容ç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ãå¯å°ç¶æ ã§åçŽãããŠããã
ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ïŒïŒå ã«é»æ± å 容ç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ãå¯å°ç¶æ ã§åçŽãããŠããã
é»æ± ïŒïŒã¯éœæ¥µïŒïŒçšã®å°é»ç«¯åïŒïŒãšé°æ¥µïŒ
ïŒçšã®å°é»ç«¯åïŒïŒãšãå«ãã
ïŒçšã®å°é»ç«¯åïŒïŒãšãå«ãã
æ¬çºæã®å
žåçé»æ± ïŒïŒã¯ãäŸãã°æº¶èåã¯æ¶²
äœç¶æ ã®é»è§£è³ªãæãäžã€åºäœåã¯æ¶²äœã®éœæ¥µå
ã¯é°æ¥µãæããé»æ± ã§ãã€ãŠãããã
äœç¶æ ã®é»è§£è³ªãæãäžã€åºäœåã¯æ¶²äœã®éœæ¥µå
ã¯é°æ¥µãæããé»æ± ã§ãã€ãŠãããã
é»æ± ïŒïŒã¯ãå€åŽå°æ¢å£ïŒïŒã«ããå°å
¥ç¶æ
ã«
ç¶æãããè±æ°ŽãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïŒïŒžçµæ¶ã®å±€ïŒïŒã«
ããå®å šã«å å²ãããŠããã
ç¶æãããè±æ°ŽãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïŒïŒžçµæ¶ã®å±€ïŒïŒã«
ããå®å šã«å å²ãããŠããã
å€åŽå°æ¢å£ïŒïŒã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ãç¹ã«è¡çªã®éã®
ç Žç ä¹è³å²ãã«æããèç Žç æ§ã®è»œéææãããª
ãã
ç Žç ä¹è³å²ãã«æããèç Žç æ§ã®è»œéææãããª
ãã
䜿çšäžãé»æ± ïŒïŒã®é»æ°ååŠçåå¿ç©è³ªã®ãã
ãããé»æ± ïŒïŒã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ïŒïŒã®è é£ã®çµæå
ã¯è¡çªã®çµæãšããŠé»æ± ïŒïŒããæŒåºãããšãé»
æ± ïŒïŒããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒ
çã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ãå±€ïŒïŒã«ããã»ãšãã©åçãã
ãããã®åçãããå 容ç©ïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒçã¯ãå·
åŽããåŸãããã«åã¯çžäºã«æ¥è§Šããå Žåããã
ã¯ç©ºæ°æ¥è§Šããå Žåã«ãããèãã®ããæ¥æ¿ãªå
å¿ãåé¿ãåŸãããã«ååã«æããããŠããããª
ããã°ãªããªããããã«ãããåèšã®åŠãååŠé»
æ± å 容ç©ã®æŒåºã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœ
æžãããããåŸãã
ãããé»æ± ïŒïŒã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ïŒïŒã®è é£ã®çµæå
ã¯è¡çªã®çµæãšããŠé»æ± ïŒïŒããæŒåºãããšãé»
æ± ïŒïŒããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒ
çã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ãå±€ïŒïŒã«ããã»ãšãã©åçãã
ãããã®åçãããå 容ç©ïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒçã¯ãå·
åŽããåŸãããã«åã¯çžäºã«æ¥è§Šããå Žåããã
ã¯ç©ºæ°æ¥è§Šããå Žåã«ãããèãã®ããæ¥æ¿ãªå
å¿ãåé¿ãåŸãããã«ååã«æããããŠããããª
ããã°ãªããªããããã«ãããåèšã®åŠãååŠé»
æ± å 容ç©ã®æŒåºã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœ
æžãããããåŸãã
å³ç€ºã®åŠãæ¬çºæã®å
·äœäŸã«ããäžããããå©
ç¹ã¯ãè é£ã®çµæãåã¯é»æ± ã®è»¢åãããã¯é»æ±
ã®æ§æéšæã®ç Žç ãçèµ·ããè¡æã®çµæãšããŠå
åŠé»æ± ããæŒåºããå 容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåš
çå±éºãäœæžãåŸãããšã§ããã
ç¹ã¯ãè é£ã®çµæãåã¯é»æ± ã®è»¢åãããã¯é»æ±
ã®æ§æéšæã®ç Žç ãçèµ·ããè¡æã®çµæãšããŠå
åŠé»æ± ããæŒåºããå 容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåš
çå±éºãäœæžãåŸãããšã§ããã
åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®å
·äœäŸã¯ãåèšã®åŠãé»æ± ãå
ä»ããããŠããè»äž¡äŸãã°èªåè»ãäºæ ã«å·»èŸŒãŸ
ãããšãã«çããæœåšçãªèº«äœåã³ç«äºã®å±éºã
äœæžãåŸãã
ä»ããããŠããè»äž¡äŸãã°èªåè»ãäºæ ã«å·»èŸŒãŸ
ãããšãã«çããæœåšçãªèº«äœåã³ç«äºã®å±éºã
äœæžãåŸãã
æ¬çºæã®å
·äœäŸã«ããäžããããå¥ã®å©ç¹ã¯ã
å€æ°ã®é»æ± ïŒã»ã«ïŒãããªãããããªå ã®äžã€ã®
é»æ± ã®æ éã®çµæãšããŠã«ã¹ã±ãŒãçä¹è³é£éç
ã«æ éãåºããå±éºãäœæžãåŸãããšã§ããã
å€æ°ã®é»æ± ïŒã»ã«ïŒãããªãããããªå ã®äžã€ã®
é»æ± ã®æ éã®çµæãšããŠã«ã¹ã±ãŒãçä¹è³é£éç
ã«æ éãåºããå±éºãäœæžãåŸãããšã§ããã
äŸãã°è¡æã®çµæåã¯è
é£ã®çµæãšããŠããã
ãªå ã®äžã€ã®é»æ± ãããããå ŽåãäŸãã°è é£ã®
çããé»æ± ã®å 容ç©ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã«
ããææãããããã«ããé£æ¥é»æ± ãæŒæŽ©å 容ç©
ã«ãã€ãŠæå·ãããçšå ç±ããããè é£ãããå±
éºãäœæžããããããã
ãªå ã®äžã€ã®é»æ± ãããããå ŽåãäŸãã°è é£ã®
çããé»æ± ã®å 容ç©ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã«
ããææãããããã«ããé£æ¥é»æ± ãæŒæŽ©å 容ç©
ã«ãã€ãŠæå·ãããçšå ç±ããããè é£ãããå±
éºãäœæžããããããã
å³ç€ºã®å
·äœäŸã«ããäžããããå¥ã®å©ç¹ã¯ãŒãª
ã©ã€ãå±€ã軜éã§äžã€é»æ± ã®ããã®å¹æçãªç±çµ¶
çžäœãšããŠã®äœçšããè¡ãªãããšã§ããããã®ã
ãšã¯é«æž©çšé»æ± ã®å Žåã«ç¹ã«æå©ã§ããã
ã©ã€ãå±€ã軜éã§äžã€é»æ± ã®ããã®å¹æçãªç±çµ¶
çžäœãšããŠã®äœçšããè¡ãªãããšã§ããããã®ã
ãšã¯é«æž©çšé»æ± ã®å Žåã«ç¹ã«æå©ã§ããã
å³ç€ºã®å
·äœäŸã«ããäžããããå¥ã®å©ç¹ã¯ãŒãª
ã©ã€ããæ¯èŒçå®äŸ¡ã§è±å¯ãªããšã§ãããæŽã«ã
åèšã®åŠãå±€ãšãã®å°æ¢å£ãšã¯é»æ± ã®ééããã
çšåºŠå¢å ãããããç¥ããªãããäžããããå©ç¹
ã«æ¯èŒããã°ãã®ééã®å¢å€§ã¯æ¯èŒçã«å ãã§ã
ãã
ã©ã€ããæ¯èŒçå®äŸ¡ã§è±å¯ãªããšã§ãããæŽã«ã
åèšã®åŠãå±€ãšãã®å°æ¢å£ãšã¯é»æ± ã®ééããã
çšåºŠå¢å ãããããç¥ããªãããäžããããå©ç¹
ã«æ¯èŒããã°ãã®ééã®å¢å€§ã¯æ¯èŒçã«å ãã§ã
ãã
å³ç€ºããŠããªããå³ç€ºã®æ§é ã®ä»£ãã«å±€ïŒïŒã
å¥åã®ãã«ãå ã«é åãåŸãããšãç解ããã
ãããã®ãã«ãã¯ãå³ç€ºã®å£ïŒïŒã®åŠãå€åŽå°æ¢
å£ãšåæ§ã®æ§é ã®ïŒå³ç€ºããªãïŒå åŽå°æ¢å£ãæ
ããå±€ïŒïŒå å€ã®å°æ¢å£éã«æãæ§é ãæããã
ãã«ãã¯é»æ± ãå容ãã¹ãå åŽå°æ¢å£ã«ãã圢æ
ãããäžç©ºå éšãæããã ãããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯
é»æ± ãåŸã§åå€ãã§ããããã«äžç©ºå éšãžã®é»æ±
ã®åºå ¥å£ãèšããããŠããŠãããã
å¥åã®ãã«ãå ã«é åãåŸãããšãç解ããã
ãããã®ãã«ãã¯ãå³ç€ºã®å£ïŒïŒã®åŠãå€åŽå°æ¢
å£ãšåæ§ã®æ§é ã®ïŒå³ç€ºããªãïŒå åŽå°æ¢å£ãæ
ããå±€ïŒïŒå å€ã®å°æ¢å£éã«æãæ§é ãæããã
ãã«ãã¯é»æ± ãå容ãã¹ãå åŽå°æ¢å£ã«ãã圢æ
ãããäžç©ºå éšãæããã ãããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯
é»æ± ãåŸã§åå€ãã§ããããã«äžç©ºå éšãžã®é»æ±
ã®åºå ¥å£ãèšããããŠããŠãããã
第ïŒå³ã¯é»æ± ããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å
容ç©ã«ã
ãçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãããããã«æ¬çº
æã®äžå ·äœäŸã®å žåçååŠé»æ± ã®éšåã®æŠç¥æé¢
説æå³ã第ïŒå³ã¯æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®å ·äœäŸã®å®éšçå
åŠé»æ± ã®æŠç¥æé¢åŽé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ç¬¬ïŒå³ã®â
ç·æ¹åã«ã€ããŠã¿ã第ïŒå³ã®é»æ± ã®åŠã端é¢æ¹
åæé¢å³ã§ããã ïŒïŒâŠâŠååŠé»æ± ãïŒïŒâŠâŠéœæ¥µãïŒïŒâŠâŠé°
極ãïŒïŒâŠâŠé»è§£è³ªãïŒïŒâŠâŠã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ãïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒïŒâŠâŠç«¯åãïŒïŒâŠâŠãŒãªã©ã€ãå±€ãïŒïŒ
âŠâŠå°æ¢å£ã
ãçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãããããã«æ¬çº
æã®äžå ·äœäŸã®å žåçååŠé»æ± ã®éšåã®æŠç¥æé¢
説æå³ã第ïŒå³ã¯æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®å ·äœäŸã®å®éšçå
åŠé»æ± ã®æŠç¥æé¢åŽé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ç¬¬ïŒå³ã®â
ç·æ¹åã«ã€ããŠã¿ã第ïŒå³ã®é»æ± ã®åŠã端é¢æ¹
åæé¢å³ã§ããã ïŒïŒâŠâŠååŠé»æ± ãïŒïŒâŠâŠéœæ¥µãïŒïŒâŠâŠé°
極ãïŒïŒâŠâŠé»è§£è³ªãïŒïŒâŠâŠã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ãïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒïŒâŠâŠç«¯åãïŒïŒâŠâŠãŒãªã©ã€ãå±€ãïŒïŒ
âŠâŠå°æ¢å£ã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ ååŠé»æ± ããæŒåºããååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåç
ãã¹ãã20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³å寞æ³ãæ
ãã空æŽä¹è³åãå«ããã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒã
ææ補åçå€ãååŠé»æ± ãšçµåããã段éãæã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããååŠé»æ± ããæŒåºããååŠ
é»æ± å 容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãããæœåšçå±éºã®äœæžæ¹
æ³ã ïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³
ã°ã®å šäœåã¯äžéšãå å²ããŠãããäžã€å°å ¥ãã
ãŠããå°ããšãäžã€ã®ã·ãŒã«å±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠ
ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³
ã°ãšã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãå°å ¥ããå€åŽå°æ¢
å£ãšã®éã®ã·ãŒã«å±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³
ã°ãå容åã¯çè±èªåšã«å容ãã¹ãæ圢ãããã·
ãŒã«ãã«ãå ã«èšããããŠããããã«ããå°æ¢ç
ã«é£çµãããå åŽåã³å€åŽã®å°æ¢å£ãæããŠã
ãããããã®å£ã®éã«ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã
å°å ¥ãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒé
ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ åå°æ¢å£ãèç Žç æ§ææãããªãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®
ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãåçæ°Žãå«ã¿åŸã
äžã€ååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåçããèœåãæ¹è¯ããã
ããã«å°ããšãéšåçã«è±æ°ŽãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®æ¹
æ³ã ïŒ å°å ¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã®ç±çµ¶çž
æ§ãæ¹è¯ãããããã«è©²ææãè±æ°ãããŠããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒ
ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ å°å ¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãé»æ± å
容ç©ã«å¯ŸããŠäžæŽ»æ§ã§ããäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãå«ãç¹èš±
è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®
æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããã¯ã©ã¹ã¬ã€ãã
ã«ãŒãã³ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããè€åã«ãŒãã³ã¢ã¬
ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒããå€æ§ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒ
ãåã³ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãç¶ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãã
ããªãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯
å²ç¬¬ïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ã
ã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èš
èŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ãŒ
ãªã©ã€ããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®
æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãè¶ å®å®åã¯æ¥µåºŠ
å®å®ãŒãªã©ã€ããããªãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæããã
äžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ãŒãªã©ã€ããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬
ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããé»æ± å
容ç©ã®å¯äžçš®é¡ã®ç©è³ªã®ã¿ãå éšã«åçãåŸãã
ããªçŽ°å寞æ³ãæããããã«éžæãããç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®æ¹
æ³ã ïŒïŒ ååŠé»æ± ããæŒåºãã該ååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ã
åçããããšã«ãã該æŒåºå 容ç©ã«ããçèµ·ãã
ãæœåšçå±éºãäœæžãã¹ãã20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã
æ«æºã®å¹³å寞æ³ãæãã空æŽä¹è³åãå«ãã¢ã¬ã
ãŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææ補ã®åçå€ãçµåãããŠããå
åŠé»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããå°å ¥ãããŠã
ãäžã€é»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³ã°ã®å šäœåã¯äžéšãå å²ã
ãŠããå°ããšãäžã€ã®ã·ãŒã«å±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠ
ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·
ã³ã°ãšã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãå°å ¥ããå€åŽå°
æ¢å£ãšã®éã«ã·ãŒã«ãããå±€ç¶åã«èšããããŠã
ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãé»æ± ã®ã±ãŒã·ã³
ã°ãå容åã¯çè±èªåšã«å容ãã¹ã圢ã¥ããããŠ
ããã·ãŒã«ããããã«ãå ã«èšããããŠãããã
ã«ããå°æ¢çã«é£çµãããå åŽåã³å€åŽã®å°æ¢å£
ãæããŠããããããã®å£ã®éã«ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·
ãŒãææãå°å ¥ãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒ
é åã¯ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ åå°æ¢å£ãèç Žç æ§ææãããªãç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãåçæ°Žãå«æã
åŸãååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåçããèœåãæ¹è¯ãã¹ã
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãå°ããšãéšåçã«è±æ°Ž
ãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé
ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ å°å ¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã®ç±çµ¶
çžæ§ãæ¹è¯ãããããã«è©²ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æãè±æ°ãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³
第ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ å°å ¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã®ç±çµ¶
çžæ§ãæ¹è¯ãããããã«è©²ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãæ
æãåå¿ç©è³ªã«å¯ŸããŠäžæŽ»æ§ã§ããäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ã
å«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®ãã
ããã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããã¯ã©ã¹ã¬ã€
ããã«ãŒãã³ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããè€åã«ãŒãã³
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã¢ã¬ããŠ
ã©ãŒã·ãŒããå€æ§ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãåã³ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãç¶ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒ
ããããªãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®
é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ã
ã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«
èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ãŒ
ãªã©ã€ããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®
é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããè¶ å®å®åã¯æ¥µ
床å®å®ãŒãªã©ã€ããããªãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæãã
ãäžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ãŒãªã©ã€ããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã¯ãé»æ± å
容ç©ã®ãã¡ã®å¯äžçš®é¡ã®ç©è³ªãå éšã«åçããåŸ
ã现å寞æ³ãæããããã«éžæãããŠããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒ
ã®é»æ± ã ïŒïŒ ååŠé»æ± ãå容åã¯çè±èªåšã«å容ãã¹ã
圢ã¥ããããã·ãŒã«ãã«ãã§ãã€ãŠãå°æ¢çã«é£
çµãããå åŽåã³å€åŽã®å°æ¢å£ãæããŠãããã
ã®å°æ¢å£ã®éã«20ãªã³ã°ã¹ãããŒã æªæºã®å¹³å寞
æ³ãæãã空æŽä¹è³åãå«ããã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãææãããªãåçå€ãèšããããŠããã·ãŒ
ã«ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ å°æ¢å£ãèç Žç æ§ææãããªãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®
ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãåçæ°Žãå«æã
åŸãååŠé»æ± å 容ç©ãåçããèœåãæ¹è¯ããã
ããã«ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãå°ããšãéšåç
ã«è±æ°ŽãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé åã¯ç¬¬
ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææã®ç±çµ¶çžæ§ãæ¹è¯
ãã¹ãå°å ¥ãããã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãè±æ°
ãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé
ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãååŠé»æ± å 容ç©
ã«å¯ŸããŠäžæŽ»æ§ã§ããäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®
ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããã¯ã©ã¹ã¬ã€
ããã«ãŒãã³ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒããè€åã«ãŒãã³
ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãããã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã¢ã¬ããŠ
ã©ãŒã·ãŒããå€æ§ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒ
ã·ãŒãåã³ãã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒãç¶ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒ
ããããªãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæãããŠããç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®
ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ã
ã¯ãã·ãªã±ãŒããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«
èšèŒã®ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãäžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ãŒ
ãªã©ã€ããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®
ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææãè¶ å®å®åã¯æ¥µåºŠ
å®å®ãŒãªã©ã€ããããªãã°ã«ãŒãããéžæããã
äžçš®é¡ä»¥äžã®ãŒãªã©ã€ããå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬
ïŒïŒé ã«èšèŒã®ãã«ãã ïŒïŒ ãã¯ãã¢ã¬ããŠã©ãŒã·ãŒãææããé»æ± å
容ç©ã®ãã¡ã®å¯äžçš®é¡ã®ç©è³ªãå éšã«åçããåŸ
ã现å寞æ³ãæããããã«éžæãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®
ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ä¹è³ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã«èšèŒã®ã
ã«ãã
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA786815A ZA786815B (en) | 1978-12-05 | 1978-12-05 | Electrochemical cell and the protection of an electrochemical cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5586065A JPS5586065A (en) | 1980-06-28 |
| JPS638580B2 true JPS638580B2 (ja) | 1988-02-23 |
Family
ID=25573725
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15670979A Granted JPS5586065A (en) | 1978-12-05 | 1979-12-03 | Method of reducing latent danger to be occurred by content in electrochemical cell and electrochemical cell and holder applied thereby |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5586065A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1138526A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE2948985C2 (ja) |
| FR (1) | FR2443747A1 (ja) |
| IT (1) | IT1127283B (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA786815B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3340425C2 (de) * | 1983-11-09 | 1987-04-02 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Hochtemperatur-Speicherbatterie auf der Basis von Alkalimetall und Chalkogen |
| JPS6476664A (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1989-03-22 | Fuji Electrochemical Co Ltd | Cell |
| DE3940649A1 (de) * | 1989-12-08 | 1991-06-13 | Asea Brown Boveri | Waermeisolationseinrichtung |
| GB2277830B (en) * | 1993-05-04 | 1996-10-23 | Programme 3 Patent Holdings | High temperature storage battery |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1086710A (en) * | 1910-07-05 | 1914-02-10 | Ernest A Hoopes | Electric hand-lamp and casing. |
| US1295122A (en) * | 1917-02-16 | 1919-02-25 | Rufus N Chamberlain | Electric battery. |
| GB618619A (en) * | 1945-11-14 | 1949-02-24 | Burgess Battery Co | Improvements in or relating to electric dry cells |
| US2554504A (en) * | 1948-06-29 | 1951-05-29 | Ruben Samuel | Rechargeable cell |
| GB675044A (en) * | 1949-02-26 | 1952-07-02 | Mallory Batteries Ltd | Improvements in alkaline electric cells |
| DE1496266C3 (de) * | 1964-09-11 | 1975-04-24 | Telefunken Patentverwertungsgesellschaft Mbh, 7900 Ulm | Batterie, in deren Batterieraum sich ein flÃŒssigkeitsaufnehmendes Material befindet und die durch EinfÃŒllen des Elektrolyten aktiviert wird sowie Verfahren zum Einbringen des flÃŒssigkeitsaufnehmenden Materials |
| DE1231773B (de) * | 1965-05-14 | 1967-01-05 | Varta Pertrix Union Ges Mit Be | Galvanisches Trockenelement mit Zinkchlorid-Elektrolyten |
| US3736186A (en) * | 1971-06-16 | 1973-05-29 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Separator and electrolyte material for solid electrolyte battery systems |
| US3864168A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1975-02-04 | Yardney International Corp | Electrolytic cells incorporating water scavengers |
| GB1530274A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1978-10-25 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Container for liquid anode |
| DE2645261A1 (de) * | 1976-10-07 | 1978-04-13 | Varta Batterie | Wiederaufladbarer hochtemperaturakkumulator |
| CA1093150A (en) * | 1977-03-09 | 1981-01-06 | Johan Coetzer | Cathode, the formation of a cathode, and a cell incorporating such a cathode |
| GB1526588A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1978-09-27 | Chloride Silent Power Ltd | Sodium-sulphur cells |
| DE2819026C2 (de) * | 1978-04-29 | 1982-09-23 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Elektrochemische Speicherzelle oder Batterie |
-
1978
- 1978-12-05 ZA ZA786815A patent/ZA786815B/xx unknown
-
1979
- 1979-11-23 CA CA000340550A patent/CA1138526A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-28 FR FR7929246A patent/FR2443747A1/fr active Granted
- 1979-12-03 JP JP15670979A patent/JPS5586065A/ja active Granted
- 1979-12-04 IT IT27860/79A patent/IT1127283B/it active
- 1979-12-05 DE DE2948985A patent/DE2948985C2/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5586065A (en) | 1980-06-28 |
| DE2948985C2 (de) | 1985-02-21 |
| ZA786815B (en) | 1980-07-30 |
| FR2443747A1 (fr) | 1980-07-04 |
| FR2443747B1 (ja) | 1983-08-19 |
| IT1127283B (it) | 1986-05-21 |
| IT7927860A0 (it) | 1979-12-04 |
| DE2948985A1 (de) | 1980-06-26 |
| CA1138526A (en) | 1982-12-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4269905A (en) | Electrochemical cell and the protection of an electrochemical cell | |
| US4164608A (en) | Cathode, and a cell incorporating such a cathode | |
| US5607787A (en) | High temperature storage battery | |
| US3457112A (en) | Lead-acid storage battery | |
| CN115699430B (zh) | æ°äœåžéè£ çœ®ã端çç»ä»¶ãçµæ± åäœãçµæ± åçšçµè®Ÿå€ | |
| CA2148221C (en) | Extended cycle-life metal hydride battery for electric vehicles | |
| KR102911132B1 (ko) | ë°°í°ëŠ¬, ì¥ì¹, ë°°í°ëŠ¬ ì ì¡° ë°©ë² ë° ë°°í°ëŠ¬ ì ì¡° ì¥ì¹ | |
| CA1095585A (en) | High temperature secondary cells | |
| US4722875A (en) | Electrochemical cell | |
| US4447508A (en) | Reduced maintenance explosion damage resistant storage battery | |
| JP7200944B2 (ja) | ä»åãéšæåã³çµé»æ± | |
| US20210336303A1 (en) | Phase change materials for thermal protection in batteries | |
| DE10157272C2 (de) | Lithium- oder Lithium-Ionen-Batterie | |
| US4013818A (en) | High temperature secondary batteries | |
| US3711332A (en) | Lead gel storage battery | |
| CN114556677A (zh) | çµæ± ç³»ç» | |
| WO2023050391A1 (zh) | çµæ± åäœãçµæ± 以åçšçµè£ 眮 | |
| JP2000030739A (ja) | ãããªãŠã âç¡«é»é»æ± çšç空æç±å®¹åš | |
| CA1093150A (en) | Cathode, the formation of a cathode, and a cell incorporating such a cathode | |
| JPS638580B2 (ja) | ||
| US20210242531A1 (en) | Vehicle with a High-Voltage Accumulator | |
| JP2019102244A (ja) | ä»åãéšæåã³çµé»æ± | |
| CN216085076U (zh) | ç®±çãçµæ± å ç®±äœååšåçµæ± å | |
| CH618286A5 (ja) | ||
| GB2037477A (en) | Holders for electrochemical cells |