JPS6410041B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6410041B2
JPS6410041B2 JP55163183A JP16318380A JPS6410041B2 JP S6410041 B2 JPS6410041 B2 JP S6410041B2 JP 55163183 A JP55163183 A JP 55163183A JP 16318380 A JP16318380 A JP 16318380A JP S6410041 B2 JPS6410041 B2 JP S6410041B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
infrared
layer
substrate
reflector according
infrared reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP55163183A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS5687002A (en
Inventor
Harorudo Reteinton Aran
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NAT RES DEV
Original Assignee
NAT RES DEV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NAT RES DEV filed Critical NAT RES DEV
Publication of JPS5687002A publication Critical patent/JPS5687002A/ja
Publication of JPS6410041B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6410041B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08Mirrors
    • G02B5/09Multifaceted or polygonal mirrors, e.g. polygonal scanning mirrors; Fresnel mirrors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3605Coatings of the type glass/metal/inorganic compound
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3615Coatings of the type glass/metal/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being non-metallic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3634Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing carbon, a carbide or oxycarbide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3636Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing silicon, hydrogenated silicon or a silicide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3644Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3649Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer made of metals other than silver
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3652Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3657Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20Filters
    • G02B5/208Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は赤外線反射器に係る。 赤外線反射器は、熱線画像センシング・システ
ムにおいて、対象シーンを赤外線検出器へと走査
し反射するのに使用される。熱線画像装置に於け
る感度、従つて観察可能な対象シーンの範囲を最
大にするためには、すべての反射面ができる限り
多くの赤外線を反射することが必要である。付着
させた銀の薄層は良好な反射器となるが、残念な
がらすぐに曇つて、その反射能は急激に低下す
る。アルミニウムも良好な反射性材料であるが、
これもまた表面酸化により曇る。 酸化の問題を解決する一方法は、アルミニウム
を厚さ0.15μmの酸化シリコンの薄層で被覆する
ことである。これはほぼ垂直の入射角ではかなり
大きな反射率を示すが、約40゜以上の入射角では
反射率が著しく減少する(以下の第1表乃至第4
表、特に第2表を参照)。特に、入射面に対し平
行な赤外線について、反射率Rpが著しく減少す
る.従つて熱線画像装置の赤外線反射器を酸化シ
リコンの薄層で被覆することは不適当である。 本発明は、高度に反射する面を有する基板と、
該基板を直接に、又は赤外線透過材料の薄い結合
層を介して被覆する、赤外線透過性のガラス状ダ
イヤモンド様炭素の薄膜とを含有し、約40゜以上
のような高入射角においても、入射面に対し垂直
及び平行な赤外線の両者について、反射率の実質
的な減少を示さない約3〜14μmの波長用赤外線
反射器を提供するものである。 上記の高度に反射する面とは、金属、ガラス又
はプラスチツク材料の基板上に付着された銀、ア
ルミニウム、銅又は金の如き反射性材料の層であ
り得る。又は高度に反射する面は、アルミニウム
等の基板のかなり研摩された面であり得る。 以下本発明の実施例を添付図面を参照しながら
説明する。 第1図は赤外線反射器の一部断面図を示す。こ
の赤外線反射器は、洗浄且つ研摩された面2を有
するガラスの基板1を含む。この洗浄された面2
上に、ニツケルクロムの薄層を、次いでアルミニ
ウム層3を典型的には0.3μmの厚さに、公知の方
法で蒸着させる。次に、例えば、0.1μmの厚さの
シリコン又はゲルマニウムの薄層4をアルミニウ
ム層3に付着させ、これを結合層として、更に厚
さ0.15〜0.5μmの赤外線透過性のガラス状ダイヤ
モンド様炭素薄層5をアルミニウム層3と十分に
結合させる。 又は、赤外線透過性のガラス状ダイヤモンド様
炭素の薄層5をアルミニウム層3に直接付着させ
得る。 赤外線透過性のガラス状ダイヤモンド様炭素層
のみならず、シリコン又はゲルマニウムの薄層も
実質的に赤外線放射に対して透過性である。これ
らの層は十分な物理的保護の性能を備えつつ、且
つできる限り薄くなければならない。例えば、層
5はピンホールが存在しないならば、0.5μm未満
でも良い。然し乍ら、耐摩耗性のためには炭素層
5は厚くても良いが、層が余り厚くなると赤外線
吸収率も高くなる。 第2図は、公知の熱線画像システムの概略図で
ある。前記システムは水平走査を行う回転式多面
ドラム11上に対象シーンの熱線画像を集束させ
るゲルマニウムレンズを有する望遠レンズ10を
含む。多面ドラム11からの赤外線は凹面ストリ
ツプミラー15及びフラツピングミラー12上に
反射され、垂直走査が行われる。フラツピングミ
ラー12からの赤外線はレンズ17を介してデテ
クタアレイ13上に反射される。デテクタアレイ
13の出力は、増幅器16に供給され、次にテレ
ビジヨンモニター14のスクリーン上に対象シー
ンの熱線像を表示すべく使用される信号を形成す
る。 第2図から、ドラムはすべての入射角で、且つ
入射面に対し垂直及び平行な赤外線の両者につい
て、かなり反射するものでなければならないこと
は明白である。以下の第1表乃至第4表は各波長
に於ける種々の表面の反射率を詳細に示したもの
である。表中、Rsは入射面に対して垂直な反射
係数、Rpは入射面に対して平行な反射係数、0゜、
45゜、60゜は入射角を示す.
【表】
【表】
【表】
【表】
【表】 アルミニウム層3を被覆するための装置を第3
図に示す。被覆されるべき部材20(即ち基板1
及び層3)は密閉金属容器21内に置かれ、次い
でこの容器21は約10-5トルに真空ポンプで排気
される。メタン又はプロパンの如きガスが入口パ
イプ27を介して容器21内に継続的に導入さ
れ、圧力はポンプ22及びガス入口パイプ27の
調節により約10トルに維持される。容器21の金
属部分はアース23に接続され、一方、部材20
は絶縁されたコネクタ25を介して−700ボルト
の直流電源24に接続される。その結果、ガスの
イオン化が生じ、水素及び炭素原子の解離も生起
する。炭素原子は加熱された部材20上に衝突し
て、時間とともに厚みの増大する層(即ち層5)
を形成する。例えば、0.5μmの厚みの層が約25分
で形成される。 直流グロー放電に対する別な方法として、高周
波グロー放電が使用できる。この方法では第2図
の直流電源の代りに約−700ボルトの陰極電位を
生ずるコンデンサ26を介して供給される13MHz
の周波数の高周波電源が使用される。作動条件は
直流の場合とほぼ同じである。 前記の如くにして付着された炭素は、耐摩耗性
のダイヤモンドと類似の化学的に耐久性の、赤外
線透過性のガラス状ダイヤモンド様炭素の薄層を
形成し、赤外線放射、即ち約3〜14μmの波長に
対して実質的に透過性である。グラフアイトのよ
うな軟い形状の炭素は適当ではないのである。 硬質炭素の付着及びその性質は、例えばThin
Solig Films58巻、101−105頁、107−116頁及び
117−120頁(1979)に記載されている。 層3にシリコン又はゲルマニウムの層4を付着
させるためには、第3図の装置を用いて、赤外線
透過性のガラス状ダイヤモンド様炭素の薄膜を付
着させる方法と同様の方法を行う。然し乍ら、シ
リコンを付着させるために使用するガスはシラン
(SiH4)であり、ゲルマニウムを付着させるため
にはゲルマン(GeH4)を使用する。このように
して、約1000Åの層を付着できる。又は、別の工
程で、高周波スパツタリングの如き従来の方法を
用いて、ゲルマニウム及びシリコンの層を付着で
きる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1図は赤外線反射器の一部断面図、第2図は
熱線画像システムの概略図、第3図は赤外線反射
器の反射面に赤外線透過性のガラス状ダイヤモン
ド様炭素の薄層、又はシリコン又はゲルマニウム
の薄層を付着させるための装置の断面図である。 1……基板、3……アルミニウム層、4……シ
リコン又はゲルマニウムの薄層、5……赤外線透
過性のガラス状ダイヤモンド様炭素層、10……
望遠レンズ、11……回転多面ドラム、12,1
5……ミラー、13……デテクタアレイ、14…
…テレビジヨンモニター、16……増幅器、17
……レンズ、20……被覆されるべき部材、21
……容器、22……ポンプ、23……アース、2
4……電源、25……コネクタ、26……コンデ
ンサ、27……入口パイプ。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1 高度に反射する面を有する基板と、該基板を
    直接に、又は赤外線透過材料の薄い結合層を介し
    て被覆する、赤外線透過性のガラス状ダイヤモン
    ド様炭素の薄膜とを具備し、約40゜以上のような
    高入射角においても、入射面に対し垂直及び平行
    な赤外線の両者について、反射率の実質的な減少
    を示さないことを特徴とする約3〜14μmの波長
    用赤外線反射器。 2 結合層がシリコン層であることを特徴とする
    特許請求の範囲第1項に記載された赤外線反射
    器。 3 結合層がゲルマニウム層であることを特徴と
    する特許請求の範囲第1項に記載された赤外線反
    射器。 4 高度に反射する面が基板上の被膜により形成
    されることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項に
    記載された赤外線反射器。 5 被膜が銀層であることを特徴とする特許請求
    の範囲第4項に記載された赤外線反射器。 6 被膜がアルミニウム層であることを特徴とす
    る特許請求の範囲第4項に記載された赤外線反射
    器。 7 基板が赤外線像を走査するために軸のまわり
    を回転するべく配置された多面ドラムであること
    を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項乃至第6項の
    いずれかに記載された赤外線反射器。
JP16318380A 1979-11-20 1980-11-19 Infrared reflector Granted JPS5687002A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7940014 1979-11-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5687002A JPS5687002A (en) 1981-07-15
JPS6410041B2 true JPS6410041B2 (ja) 1989-02-21

Family

ID=10509304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP16318380A Granted JPS5687002A (en) 1979-11-20 1980-11-19 Infrared reflector

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4383728A (ja)
EP (1) EP0030792B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS5687002A (ja)
DE (1) DE3064976D1 (ja)
GB (1) GB2067304B (ja)

Families Citing this family (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514743B1 (fr) * 1981-10-21 1986-05-09 Rca Corp Pellicule amorphe a base de carbone, du type diamant, et son procede de fabrication
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JPS5687002A (en) 1981-07-15
GB2067304A (en) 1981-07-22
GB2067304B (en) 1983-06-22
EP0030792B1 (en) 1983-09-21
EP0030792A3 (en) 1981-12-30
US4383728A (en) 1983-05-17
EP0030792A2 (en) 1981-06-24
DE3064976D1 (en) 1983-10-27

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