JPS642777B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS642777B2 JPS642777B2 JP24063183A JP24063183A JPS642777B2 JP S642777 B2 JPS642777 B2 JP S642777B2 JP 24063183 A JP24063183 A JP 24063183A JP 24063183 A JP24063183 A JP 24063183A JP S642777 B2 JPS642777 B2 JP S642777B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- laminate
- present
- outer metal
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
- F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/04—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means for air cooling
- F02F1/06—Shape or arrangement of cooling fins; Finned cylinders
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、エンジン・シリンダーの構造に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the structure of an engine cylinder.
最近、エンジン・シリンダーにセラミツクを使
用することがとみに試みられる様になつた。セラ
ミツクを使用すると、シリンダーの耐久性と燃料
効率を大巾に改善することが予想されるためであ
る。 Recently, attempts have been made to use ceramics in engine cylinders. This is because the use of ceramic is expected to significantly improve cylinder durability and fuel efficiency.
しかしながら、これらのセラミツクは高価であ
ると共に、加工や成形およびその焼成品の信頼性
に関して多くの問題が残されており、末だに実用
化段階に到つていない。 However, these ceramics are expensive, and many problems remain regarding processing, molding, and reliability of fired products, and they have not yet reached the stage of practical use.
本発明は以上の様な状況に鑑みてなされたもの
であり、熱衝撃に強く、安価かつ信頼に優れたセ
ラミツクエンジン・シリンダーの新規な構造を提
供せんとするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a novel structure for a ceramic engine cylinder that is resistant to thermal shock, inexpensive, and highly reliable.
本発明の特徴は、少くともシリンダー内面の摺
動部をセラミツク・リング体の積層体で構成した
ことであり、これによつて、
(1) 摺動部の熱衝撃性を著しく向上させたこと。 The features of the present invention are that at least the sliding part on the inner surface of the cylinder is constructed of a laminate of ceramic rings, which (1) significantly improves the thermal shock resistance of the sliding part; .
(2) セラミツク部分が一体成形体でなく積層体に
なつているので、成形、加工が容易である。(2) Since the ceramic part is a laminate rather than an integral molding, it is easy to mold and process.
以上が本発明の特徴であり、その要旨は、エン
ジン・シリンダーの少くとも内面摺動面がセラミ
ツクリング体の積層体から成ることを特徴とする
エンジン・シリンダーの構造である。 The above are the features of the present invention, and the gist thereof is a structure of an engine cylinder characterized in that at least the inner sliding surface of the engine cylinder is made of a laminate of ceramic rings.
次に本発明構造を図面によつて説明する。 Next, the structure of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
本発明では、少くとも摺動面がセラミツク・リ
ングの積層体から成つていることが必要であり、
これ以外の部分は必ずしも積層体にする必要はな
い。 In the present invention, it is necessary that at least the sliding surface is made of a laminate of ceramic rings,
Other parts do not necessarily need to be made into a laminate.
図１は摺動部のみを積層体にして、これ以外の
外側の部分は金属の連続体によつて形成して両者
を一種の嵌合状態で結合させたときのものであ
る。 FIG. 1 shows a structure in which only the sliding part is made of a laminate, the other outer parts are made of a continuous metal body, and the two are connected in a kind of fitted state.
１はセラミツクの積層体であり、２は外側の金
属の連続体の部分である。１のセラミツク積層体
はセラミツクリング３を重ね合せて積層させたも
のであり、２の部分は、溶融金属の鋳造によつ
て、あるいは予じめ別の工程で作られたものであ
る。 1 is the ceramic laminate, and 2 is the outer metal continuum. The ceramic laminate 1 is made by stacking ceramic rings 3 on top of each other, and the 2 parts are made by casting molten metal or in a separate process in advance.
いずれにせよ１の積層体は外側の金属の収縮力
（凝固冷却時の収縮力あるいは嵌合力）によつて
圧縮固定され、両者は一種の嵌合状態になつてい
る。 In any case, the first laminate is compressed and fixed by the contraction force of the outer metal (contraction force or fitting force during solidification and cooling), and the two are in a kind of fitted state.
外側の金属部分を鋳造によつて形成する際に
は、内側のセラミツク部は激しい熱衝撃にさらさ
れ通常のセラミツクでは例外なく熱割れを起こす
が、本発明では、セラミツクはリング状に分割さ
れているので、これに十分耐えることができる。 When the outer metal part is formed by casting, the inner ceramic part is exposed to severe thermal shock, which causes thermal cracking without exception in ordinary ceramics, but in the present invention, the ceramic is divided into ring shapes. So I can withstand this.
セラミツク部分の円周側面の外に上下面（軸方
向）も外側の金属で包囲した場合、軸方向の収縮
力によつて、セラミツク部分は軸方向にも圧縮固
定される。この場合、ボルトの様な緊締具で軸方
向の圧縮固定が不要になる場合もある。 When the upper and lower surfaces (in the axial direction) of the ceramic part are surrounded by outer metal in addition to the circumferential side surfaces, the ceramic part is also compressed and fixed in the axial direction by the contraction force in the axial direction. In this case, axial compression fixation using a fastener such as a bolt may not be necessary.
いずれにせよ、セラミツク部分は、半径方向、
軸方向の収縮力を常時受けることになる。これに
よつて安定的に保持される。また同時にセラミツ
クリング間および外側金属との接触面は、高度に
密着する様になる。 In any case, the ceramic part is radially
It is constantly subjected to contraction force in the axial direction. This keeps it stable. At the same time, the contact surfaces between the ceramic rings and with the outer metal come into close contact with each other.
実際のエンジンとして使用した場合、セラミツ
ク部分の内表面は、激しい熱衝撃と摩耗雰囲気に
さらされるが、セラミツク部分は積層体で、個々
の板は物理的には、縁が切れた状態にあるので、
激しい熱衝撃にも十分耐えることができ、しかも
個々のセラミツクには外側金属によつて常時圧縮
力が作用しているので、これも熱割れを緩和する
力として働く。 When used in an actual engine, the inner surface of the ceramic part is exposed to intense thermal shock and an abrasive atmosphere, but the ceramic part is a laminate and the edges of each plate are physically cut. ,
It can withstand severe thermal shock, and since compressive force is constantly applied to each individual ceramic by the outer metal, this also acts as a force to alleviate thermal cracking.
摩耗については、本来セラミツクが耐摩性に優
れている上に、更に材料を吟味することによつ
て、問題は全くなくなつてくる。 Concerning wear, ceramics inherently have excellent wear resistance, and by carefully selecting the material, the problem can be completely eliminated.
尚気密性の問題は、セラミツク部は十分な気密
性を有していないが、外側金属に十分な気密性が
あるので、この部分で十分なシール性が得られ
る。 Regarding the problem of airtightness, the ceramic part does not have sufficient airtightness, but since the outer metal has sufficient airtightness, sufficient sealing performance can be obtained in this part.
次に本発明の実施例について説明する。 Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
実施例 １
セラミツク部分：内径70mm、外径80mm、高さ
100mm、セラミツクリング
（アルミナ）の厚さ1.8mm
接触面が密着する様に両面を研摩仕上げ。Example 1 Ceramic part: inner diameter 70mm, outer diameter 80mm, height
100mm, ceramic ring (alumina) thickness 1.8mm, polished on both sides to ensure close contact.
外側の金属部分
内側のセラミツクリングを加圧密着させた状態
でアルミ合金（シルミン）を鋳造して、セラミツ
クリング積層体を鋳包む。Outer metal part Aluminum alloy (SILMIN) is cast with the inner ceramic ring tightly pressed under pressure, and the ceramic ring laminate is cast.
セラミツク積層体は外側の金属の凝固、冷却時
の収縮力によつて圧縮固定される。 The ceramic laminate is compressed and fixed by the contraction force of the outer metal as it solidifies and cools.
次にこれに必要な機械加工を行い、空冷２サイ
クルエンジンのシリンダーとして使用した。 Next, we performed the necessary machining and used it as a cylinder for an air-cooled two-stroke engine.
現在使用して一千時間経過するが、懸念された
熱割れ、気密不良、等々のエンジントラブルは何
ら発生せず、エンジンとして十分使用できること
を確認した。通常アルミナは耐熱割性が小さいた
めに、この様な用途には使用できないが、本発明
構造にすると十分使用できる。高価な窒化物、炭
化物等を使用しなくても十分使えることを確認で
きた。 It has now been used for 1,000 hours, but there have been no engine troubles such as heat cracking, poor airtightness, etc., and it has been confirmed that it can be used satisfactorily as an engine. Normally, alumina cannot be used for such purposes due to its low heat resistance, but the structure of the present invention allows it to be used satisfactorily. It was confirmed that it can be used satisfactorily without using expensive nitrides, carbides, etc.
しかも構造は単にリングを積層するだけで良い
ので、セラミツクを複雑形状に一体成形する必要
はなく、安価に作ることができた。 Moreover, since the structure required simply stacking rings, there was no need to integrally mold ceramics into a complex shape, and the product could be manufactured at low cost.
実施例 ２
実施例１と同じ寸法、要領で作成した内側のセ
ラミツク積層体に対して、内径79.85mm、外径92
mm、材質鋳鉄のスリーブを約400℃に加熱して、
内筒に焼きばめた。Example 2 For the inner ceramic laminate made with the same dimensions and procedure as Example 1, the inner diameter was 79.85 mm and the outer diameter was 92 mm.
mm, by heating a sleeve made of cast iron to approximately 400℃.
Shrink-fitted to the inner cylinder.
この時の断面構造は図２に示す。１はセラミツ
ク積層体、２は鋳鉄焼バメ、３はセラミツクリン
グである。 The cross-sectional structure at this time is shown in FIG. 1 is a ceramic laminate, 2 is a cast iron shrink fit, and 3 is a ceramic ring.
これを実施例１と同じ要領で、エンジン・シリ
ンダーに加工し、実機テストを行つた。 This was processed into an engine cylinder in the same manner as in Example 1, and an actual machine test was conducted.
走行時間は、現在１千時間を越えるが、末だに
エンジントラブルは発生していない。 It has now been driven for more than 1,000 hours, but there have been no engine troubles yet.
本発明は、以上詳記した様に、セラミツク積層
体と金属の複合体から成る新しい構造のシリンダ
ーであり、経済的に非常に安価であると共に、成
形、加工性、および信頼性が共に著しく優れたも
のである。 As described in detail above, the present invention is a cylinder with a new structure made of a ceramic laminate and metal composite, which is economically very inexpensive and has outstanding moldability, workability, and reliability. It is something that
図１は本発明構造の説明図である。図２は、外
側の金属に鋳鉄スリーブを使用した時の説明図で
ある。
１はセラミツク積層体、２は外側の金属、３は
セラミツクリングである。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram when a cast iron sleeve is used as the outer metal. 1 is a ceramic laminate, 2 is an outer metal, and 3 is a ceramic ring.
Claims (1)
がセラミツクリング体の積層体から成ることを特
徴とするエンジン・シリンダーの構造。1. An engine cylinder structure characterized in that at least the inner sliding surface of the engine cylinder is made of a laminate of ceramic rings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24063183A JPS60132046A (en) | 1983-12-19 | 1983-12-19 | Engine cylinder structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24063183A JPS60132046A (en) | 1983-12-19 | 1983-12-19 | Engine cylinder structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60132046A JPS60132046A (en) | 1985-07-13 |
| JPS642777B2 true JPS642777B2 (en) | 1989-01-18 |
Family
ID=17062367
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24063183A Granted JPS60132046A (en) | 1983-12-19 | 1983-12-19 | Engine cylinder structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60132046A (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-12-19 JP JP24063183A patent/JPS60132046A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60132046A (en) | 1985-07-13 |
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