JPS644657B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electromagnet device having a locking mechanism for locking the operating state of the electromagnet.

Generally, an electromagnet maintains its operating state while energized, but returns to normal when the energization is stopped. Therefore,
Maintaining constant operation using electromagnets consumes a lot of power, which is uneconomical.

The present invention aims to provide an electromagnet device with a locking mechanism that, once energized to operate the electromagnet, maintains its operating state by means of a locking mechanism even when the energization is stopped, and the lock can be easily released. It is.

A feature of the present invention is that locking or unlocking is performed depending on the direction of the applied current. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a basic embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1A is the state before locking, Figure 1B
indicates a locked state. In the figure, 1 is the winding 2
It has a hollow core that serves as a winding frame and has a through hole ₁₁ . 3
is a disc-shaped front magnet in the thickness direction (horizontal direction in the figure)
4 is also magnetized in the thickness direction by the disk-shaped rear magnet, but the direction of magnetization is opposite to that of 3. Both magnets 3 and 4 may have a disk shape, but are not necessarily limited to this shape. 5 is a shaft connecting both magnets 3 and 4; 6 is a lock fitting; and 7 is an unlocking magnet fixed to the lock fitting 6. The lock fitting 6 is fixed at one end to the iron core 1 by suitable means (not shown), and the other end is bent into a shape, for example, a V-shape, so that it can easily engage with the edge of the front magnet 3. In the figure, two lock fittings 6 are shown, but three or more may be used. The unlocking magnets 7 are magnetized perpendicularly to the shaft 5 and in opposite directions. Reference numeral 8 denotes a DC power source, such as a battery, for supplying electricity to the winding 2.

Now, when the battery 8 is connected in the polar direction shown in FIG. 1A, it is assumed that the iron core 1 is magnetized as shown. If the magnetization polarities of both magnets 3 and 4 are set as shown in the figure, the front magnet 3 is attracted to the iron core 1 and the rear magnet 4 is repelled from the iron core 1. At this time, if the magnetization polarity of the lock release magnet 7 is set as shown in the figure, the lock release magnet 7 will be repelled by the iron core 1 and the lock metal fitting 6 will move away from the iron core 1. It is adsorbed to the iron core 1 without being disturbed by the iron core 1. Even if the wire is cut in this state, the S pole of the front magnet 3 and the N pole of the unlocking magnet 7 attract each other, and the lock fitting 6 also presses the front magnet 3 with its elasticity, so no strong external force is applied. This state is maintained for a limited time. This state is not locked, but the state before locking.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the battery 8' is connected in the opposite polarity direction to that in FIG. 1A, the iron core 1 is
magnetized in the opposite direction. As a result, the iron core 1 attracts the rear magnet 4 and repels the front magnet 3. In other words, the magnet 3 moves forward by a certain distance. When the rear magnet 4 is attracted to the iron core 1, the lock fitting 6
The dimensions and positional relationship are set so that it falls exactly between the iron core 1 and the front magnet 3. Then,
The lock fitting 6 uses its own elasticity to connect the iron core 1 and the front magnet 3.
The bent end portion of the lock fitting 6 engages with the edge of the front magnet 3, resulting in a locked state. It should be noted that the lock release magnet 7 is also attracted to the iron core 1 while energized and helps the lock fitting 6 to be fitted. In the figure, the iron core 1 is provided with a notch ₁₂ for receiving the unlocking magnet 7, but this is not necessarily necessary. Once in a locked state, that state is maintained even if the power supply is stopped. To release the locked state, if the polarity direction of the battery is reversed again as shown in 8, the state before locking will be achieved by the action of the unlocking magnet 7 as explained with reference to FIG. 1A.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the invention. In the figure, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same or similar symbols. In this example, in addition to one set of locking metal fittings 6, another set of locking metal fittings 6' is provided. In this example, a switch 9 is used to switch between batteries 8 and 8', which have opposite polarities. When the switch 9 is in the position shown in the figure, the rear magnet 4
is moved back and locked in that position, and the front magnet 3 is moved forward and locked in that position in the opposite position to that shown in the figure.

In a polarized electromagnetic device having a locking mechanism as described above, an object to be held at that position by moving forward or backward is attached to one or both of the front or rear magnets, or on an extension of the connecting shaft 5. If so, it can be used for various purposes such as writing implements and robots. 3 and 4 show a specific example in which the present invention is applied to a writing instrument such as a ballpoint pen, with FIG. 3 being a configuration diagram thereof, and FIG. 4 being an external diagram thereof. In this example, one battery 8 is used and its polarity direction is switched by touch electrodes 14 and 15. In the figure, 10 is a pen cartridge (or pen), 11 is a holder for the pen cartridge (or pen), and 12 is attached to an extension of the connecting shaft 5, and the pen cartridge (or pen) holder 11 and the front magnet 3 It is a connecting fitting that connects the Two conductive pieces 13 ₁ and 13 ₁ are fixed to the connecting fitting 12 by suitable means. 13 ₂ , 13 ₂ are fixed contacts that come into contact with or separate from the conductive pieces 13 ₁ , 13 ₁ as they move;
The conductive piece 13 ₁ and the fixed contact 13 ₂ constitute a polarity changeover switch 13 . Touch electrodes 14 and 15 short-circuit and close a circuit when touched by a human finger, and are formed into a ring shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, and are provided at the location where the finger grips the electrode. 16 is a protection resistor in the event of a short circuit, 17 and 18 are transistors for the pen forward operation circuit, 19 and 23 are diodes for backlash (back electromotive force) bypass, 20 and 21 are transistors for the pen retraction operation circuit, 22 is a bias resistor, and 24 is a This is a capacitor connected in parallel to the battery 8. Each of these parts can be miniaturized and stored inside the writing instrument.

The figure shows a state in which a finger touches the touch electrodes 14 and 15 for writing. In this case, the voltage across the capacitor 24 is controlled by the polarity switch 13, the winding 2 and the touch electrodes 14 and 1, as described below.
5 through the pen advance operation circuit transistor 17,
18 and turn them on, and the locking electromagnetic device is in the same state as in FIG. 1B. In the state shown in the figure, no current flows through the winding 2, but it is in the above-mentioned locked state. Therefore, the pen cartridge 10 is fixed in the advanced position and writing is possible. Touch electrode 1 with your finger to stop writing
4 and 15, transistors 17 and 18, which had been on until then, are turned off, and pen retraction operation circuit transistors 20 and 21 are turned on. At this time, the direction of the current flowing through the winding 2 is as indicated by the solid arrow in the figure, and the electromagnet device with the locking mechanism is in the same state as in FIG. 1A. That is, the front magnet 3 and therefore the connecting fitting 12 and the pen cartridge cartridge 10 move backward, and the conductive pieces 13 ₁ and 13 ₁ also move to the right from the position shown in the figure. Then, the power supply voltage that had been applied to the transistors 20 and 21 is cut off, so these are turned off and the current flowing through the winding 2 is also cut off.

In this state, touch electrode 1 with your finger to write again.
4 and 15, the voltage across capacitor 24 is applied to pen advance operation circuit transistors 17 and 18, turning them on, as described above. At that time, a current flows through the winding 2 in the direction of the dotted arrow in the figure, and the first
The state will be the same as in Figure B. Therefore, the pen cartridge 10 moves forward and is locked, but at the same time the conductive pieces 13 ₁ and 13 ₁ move to the left (to the position shown in the figure) and cut off the current in the winding 2. However, voltage is applied to transistors 17 and 18 via resistor 22, and they continue to be on. When the finger is removed from the touch electrodes 14 and 15, the pen cartridge 10 is automatically retracted and stored in the writing instrument as described above, and the current is also cut off. However, in the above-described operation, the current flowing through the winding 2 is abruptly interrupted, so that a considerably large back electromotive force is generated, which may destroy the transistor. Therefore, bypass diodes 19 and 23 are provided.

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a polarized electromagnet device which, once the electromagnet is operated by applying electricity in a predetermined direction, can maintain its operating state by the lock mechanism even if the electricity is turned off. The lock can be easily released by applying current in the opposite direction. It is also possible to reverse the current connection to the windings simultaneously with activation of the locking mechanism, and release the lock by re-energizing in the same direction. Furthermore, as in the above application example, the electromagnet can be operated and locked by turning on a switch, and the lock can be released by turning off the switch. Therefore, the present invention is an economical electromagnet device with a simple configuration and low power consumption, and has the potential to be used in many fields.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a basic embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an applied example of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure shows its external appearance. 3...Front magnet, 4...Rear magnet, 5...Shaft, 1...Iron core, 2...Winding wire, 6...Lock fitting, 7...Lock release magnet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A front magnet, a rear magnet, a shaft connecting the two magnets, an iron core having a hole passing through the shaft, a winding wound around the iron core, one end fixed to the iron core and the other end comprising a plurality of lock fittings that engage with the front magnet or both magnets, and an unlocking magnet fixed to the lock fittings, both of the magnets being magnetized in parallel to the shaft and in opposite directions; The unlocking magnet is magnetized in directions perpendicular to the shaft and opposite to each other, and locking by the locking fitting and its release are performed by changing the direction of temporary energization to the winding. An electromagnetic device with a locking mechanism.