JPS644741Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] A. Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to an improvement in a device for transporting fish together with the liquid by sucking liquid into a sealed tank and pushing it out.

B. Prior Art The inventor of the present invention proposed a transfer device having the structure shown in FIG. A transfer device has been developed in which a transfer hose 6 and a transfer pipe 7 are connected, and a water ring type vacuum pump 9 is connected to the upper part of a closed tank 1 via a four-way switching valve 8. By the way, this type of device is used as a transfer device that mixes fish in liquid and sends the liquid and fish together. In this type of application, since seawater is inhaled along with the fish, the four-way switching valve 8 frequently fails, and this valve has the disadvantage of lack of durability. That is, the 4-way switching valve 8
is connected between the sealed tank 1 and the vacuum pump 9, so when discharging the air inside the sealed tank,
Air containing salt is sucked in, and water ring type vacuum pumps pass water along with the air, so when restarting operation after a long period of shutdown, the mechanically moving parts of the 4-way valve may It rusted or stuck and stopped working.

The four-way valve can be omitted by connecting the vacuum pump for sucking out the air and the air pump for injecting the air to a sealed tank separately. However, this structure requires two pumps and only one of the pumps is used at any one time, which is extremely uneconomical.

A device has been proposed that sucks and discharges sludge into a closed tank by supplying water instead of air into the closed tank or draining water from the closed tank. (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 50-66390) This device uses a reversible water pump that can be operated in forward and reverse directions.
A water pump is used to supply and drain water to a closed tank.

C. Conventional problems Pumps that operate the water pump in forward and reverse directions to supply water to a closed tank to suck in, discharge, and transfer materials cannot be used when the water pump is reversed to switch from the suction process to the discharge process. In addition, it is necessary to switch between the suction valve and the discharge valve connected to the closed tank. If a check valve is used for the suction valve and the discharge valve, the suction valve and the discharge valve can be automatically switched by reversing the water pump and pressurizing or depressurizing the inside of the closed tank. However, since the suction valve and the discharge valve are switched with sludge or solid matter passing through the valve, objects may become caught in the switching valve. When transporting materials such as sludge that are difficult to get caught between the suction and discharge valves, and which will not cause any damage even if they are caught, the pinched closed state of the suction and discharge valves is a problem. do not become.

However, when transporting fragile solid objects such as fish, which lose their commercial value if caught, the impact at the suction and discharge valves must be minimized as much as possible. In an actual fish market, even if there are a very small number of damaged fish among the large number of fish,
The reality is that the commercial value of the fish as a whole is significantly reduced.

A device that reverses the water pump to supply and drain water to a closed tank reverses the direction of movement of water, which is incompressible and whose volume hardly changes with pressure, and switches between the suction valve and the discharge valve. When the direction of water movement changes, the suction and discharge valves are switched in a short period of time, and when the valve closes, the strong impact that pinches the fish causes the fish to be cut off in most cases.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a four-way switching valve 8 is connected between the vacuum pump 9 and the sealed tank 1, and the four-way switching valve 8 switches between the suction process and the discharge process. There is a drawback that when switching from the suction operation to the suction operation, the suction side of the vacuum pump is connected to the pressurized sealed tank 1, and the vacuum pump 9 sucks in a large amount of air, resulting in overload and generating large noise.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, this idea uses a water ring type rotary vacuum pump as the vacuum pump that supplies and exhausts air to the sealed tank, and by reversing this, the sealed tank and the vacuum pump are combined. It is configured to suck air in a sealed tank or pressurize air into a sealed tank without changing the connection with the tank.The important purpose of this device is to To propose a transfer device for transporting fish together with liquid, which can reduce the impact of a check valve pinching the fish and reduce damage to the transported fish.

Another important purpose of this invention is to propose a transfer device for transporting fish and liquid that does not require a four-way switching valve, has a simple structure, is less likely to break down, is durable, and is easy to maintain. There is something to do.

Another important object of the present invention is to propose an apparatus for feeding fish together with liquid, which has a simple means for switching between suction and discharge, and can be made at low cost as a whole.

Furthermore, another important object of the present invention is to propose a transfer device for transporting fish and liquid that does not rust even if left unused for a long period of time and can be immediately reused.

Furthermore, another important object of the present invention is that although one vacuum pump is used without using a four-way valve, in actual use, it has a four-way valve. To provide a transfer device for transferring fish together with a liquid that can be inhaled and pumped by the fish in almost the same way as conventional transfer devices.

Furthermore, another important object of the present invention is to prevent the vacuum pump from being overloaded and making loud noises when switching from the discharge process to the suction process, and to allow the fish and liquid to be transferred smoothly. To provide a transport device for sending.

D. Means for Solving Conventional Problems A closed tank into which fish is sucked in, discharged and transferred together with a liquid has a suction port and a discharge port, and a vacuum pump is connected to the closed tank. A suction valve and a discharge valve, which are check valves, are connected to the suction port and the discharge port.

The vacuum pump is a water-ring type rotary vacuum pump driven by a three-phase motor, and the rotation direction of the three-phase drive motor is reversed by a switching means, so that one vacuum pump can be used as both a vacuum pump and an air pump. Used in combination with pumps.

The switching means of the vacuum pump has a delay means, and after turning off the power to the motor, the delay means energizes the motor after a certain period of time to reverse the motor.

E Effect When switching from the suction process to the discharge process,
The vacuum pump is reversed, and the inside of the sealed tank changes from a reduced pressure state to a pressurized state. At this time, the rotation of the vacuum pump is temporarily stopped, or after the rotation has slowed down, the vacuum pump is energized again and driven in reverse. Therefore, the reversal time of the vacuum pump becomes longer, and pressure changes within the closed tank become more gradual. Furthermore, since the pressure inside the closed tank is depressurized and pressurized through compressible air rather than incompressible water, the direction of rotation of the vacuum pump is reversed and air is supplied into the closed tank. Even when I get old,
The pressure rise in a closed tank is extremely slow, and no sudden pressure changes occur when the vacuum pump is reversed.

The suction valve, which is a check valve, is closed by a change in pressure within the closed tank. For this reason, when the inside of the closed tank is gradually pressurized from a reduced pressure state, the valve does not close abruptly, but closes slowly.
Therefore, even if the intake valve is in a state where the fish is caught,
The valve body does not hit the fish hard and injure it, and the impact on the fish body can be significantly reduced.

Furthermore, when the water ring type rotary vacuum pump stops operating or slows down, air passes through the pump. Therefore, when switching from the discharge process to the suction process, the operation of the vacuum pump is stopped and
Alternatively, when the rotation speed is reduced, the pressurized air in the closed tank is released to the atmosphere through the vacuum pump,
The pressure in the closed tank decreases. When the vacuum pump is operated after the pressure has decreased, the vacuum pump will not draw in a large amount of high-pressure air and will not be overloaded.

Furthermore, water ring type rotary vacuum pumps have a fixed rotation direction and are designed exclusively for air suction, so they are somewhat less efficient when used as air pressurizing pumps than when used as vacuum pumps. . However, advantageously, in actual use, this type of fish transfer device is often used to suck up fish from a fishing boat, and a discharge lift is not required as much as a suction lift. The suction head is required to be sufficiently high because the fishing boat moves up and down with the tide, but the discharge is often transferred to a fixed location, so a high discharge head is not required.

F Preferred Embodiment Hereinafter, an example of this invention will be described based on the drawings.

The transfer device shown in Fig. 2 is for transferring a liquid containing fish, and has a cylindrical shape as a whole with a conical lower part, and an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 for the liquid and fish at the lower end. An open hermetic tank 1, check valves 4 and 5 connected to the inlet 2 and outlet 3 of the hermetic tank 1, a water-seal rotary vacuum pump 9 connected to the upper part of the hermetic tank 1, and switching means for reversing the rotational direction of the vacuum pump.

The sealed tank 1 is equipped with a level detector 10 inside, and this level detector 10 detects the liquid level of the water sucked into the sealed tank 1, and determines whether the sealed tank 1 is filled with water or discharged. Detect whether the task has been completed. Therefore, this level detector 10 also controls the switching means of the vacuum pump 9. That is, when the closed tank 1 is filled with water during the process in which the vacuum pump 9 sucks air in the closed tank 1, the level detector 10 detects this and activates the switching means to switch the vacuum pump off. 9 in the reverse direction, the vacuum pump 9 moves to the sealed tank 1.
When the water in the sealed tank 1 is pumped by air, the level detector 10 detects this and reverses the vacuum pump 9 using the switching means to pump the water into the sealed tank 1 again. Inhale and repeat the process.

Any type of level detector 10 that detects the liquid level in the sealed tank 1 can be used, and even without the level detector 10, the timer can be used to set the time for forward and reverse rotation of the vacuum pump. is also possible.

The vacuum pump is driven by a three-phase AC motor, which is reversed by a switching means.

A three-phase motor can be reversed by changing the wiring of the two phases connected to the power supply. FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of the switching means.

The switching means in FIG. 3 consists of a three-phase power supply and a motor 11.
two sets of electromagnetic switches 12, 1 connected between
3, one of the electromagnetic switches 13 is connected in the opposite way to the other electromagnetic switch 12 in terms of two-phase wiring, and one of the electromagnetic switches is closed to rotate the motor in the forward or reverse direction. For example, if the motor 11 rotates forward when the electromagnetic switch 12 is closed, the motor 11 rotates when the electromagnetic switch 13 is closed.
is reversed.

When switching electromagnetic switches, if one electromagnetic switch is opened and the other electromagnetic switch is closed at the same time, an excessive current will flow through the motor and the electromagnetic switch, reducing the motor reversal time. After the motor stops rotating or slows considerably, close the other electromagnetic switch. Alternatively, after opening one electromagnetic switch, the other motor may be star-connected after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, and then switched to delta connection when a predetermined rotational speed is reached. The switching time for both electromagnetic switches and the switching time for star and delta connections are set by a timer with delay means.

In FIG. 3, the timers 14 and 15 start counting when one of the electromagnetic switches 13 and 12 is open, and close the electromagnetic switches 12 and 13 after a predetermined period of time has elapsed. By using a motor equipped with a mechanical or electric brake, the reversal time can be shortened.

The vacuum pump 9 is used for both discharging and pressurizing air in the closed tank 1. By the way, a water ring type rotary vacuum pump was originally designed as a vacuum pump with a fixed rotation direction, so if you reverse it and use it as an air pump, the efficiency will drop to about one-fourth. , when the discharge pressure is 0.75Kg/ ^cm2 or less,
The maximum air volume when opened to the atmosphere is reduced to about one-fourth of that during normal rotation. Therefore, it is preferable to rotate the vacuum pump in the normal direction when sucking liquid into the closed tank 1, and rotate it in the reverse direction when pumping the liquid under pressure. By the way, as shown in Fig. 4, a two-stage vacuum pump in which two impellers 16 and 17 are fixed to one shaft first absorbs air with the larger impeller 16 in the first stage, and then absorbs air with the smaller impeller 16. The second-stage impeller 17 sucks the air sucked in by the first-stage impeller. The performance characteristics of the two-stage pump having this structure during discharge are shown in FIG. In Figure 5, the thin line A is 1
The dashed line B shows the discharge characteristics when the stages are reversed, and the dashed line B shows the discharge characteristics when the two-stage pump of the same diameter is driven by a motor with the same horsepower when the stages are reversed. Showing the discharge characteristics when the two-stage pump is reversed,
A dashed-dotted line D shows the discharge characteristics when the two-stage pump rotates normally when the second-stage impeller is replaced, and a thick solid line E shows the discharge characteristics when the two-stage pump rotates normally.

As can be seen from this characteristic curve, the two-stage pump has significantly increased characteristics during reverse rotation compared to the one-stage pump in terms of both discharge pressure and air volume, and even more so when the second stage impeller is replaced. Its properties improve.

The second-stage impeller 17 is replaced with the second-stage impeller 17 from the rotation shaft, and the axial direction is reversed, that is, the direction of inclination of the blades is opposite to the rotation direction. It is inserted into the shaft. This changes the discharge characteristics because, as shown in FIG. However, by replacing the second-stage impeller 17, the second-stage impeller 17 can be rotated in the forward direction. , tilting in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation. In this way, the best ejection characteristics can be obtained during reversal. This is because the second stage blades 17 are tilted in the opposite direction to the first stage, so when reversing, the second stage (more precisely, the direction of air movement is opposite, so the air passes through the first stage). If we define the first stage as the first stage, then this second stage is 1
The blades of the third stage are tilted in the direction of rotation to improve the discharge characteristics. However, as far as the inventor's actual measurements have been made, even if the second-stage impeller is not replaced, the characteristics do not deteriorate significantly compared to those in which the second-stage impeller is replaced, regardless of theoretical explanations, and it depends on the application. It has more than sufficient ejection characteristics.

Furthermore, although not shown, when connecting vacuum pumps in two stages, it is also possible to connect two vacuum pumps in series in two stages.

FIG. 7 includes two sealed tanks 1A, 1B and two vacuum pumps 9A, 9B separately connected to the two sealed tanks 1A, 1B. 4B, 5A, 5
The discharge side and the suction side are connected through B, and when liquid is sucked into one sealed tank 1A, liquid is carried out from the other sealed tank 1B. in this case,
Rather than switching both vacuum pumps 9A and 9B at the same time, stop the operation of the vacuum pump connected to the closed tank that has finished suction or discharge first, and then switch both vacuum pumps off once both closed tanks have completed suction and discharge. It is better to start it in reverse.

In Fig. 8, one vacuum pump 9 is used for both suction and discharge of both sealed tanks 1A and 1B. The air is sucked from one closed tank 1A, 1B and pressurized into the other closed tank 1B, 1A. for example,
When the vacuum pump 9 sucks air from the closed tank 1A and pressurizes it into the closed tank 1B, the closed tank 1
When A is first sucked to a predetermined level, the valve 18A connected between the vacuum pump 9 and the sealed tank 1A
It is preferable to open the valve 18B when the closed tank 1B finishes discharging first, and then start the vacuum pump 9 in reverse when both the closed tanks 1A and 1B complete suction and discharge.

In Figures 7 and 8, both sealed tanks 1
A discharge adjustment valve 21 connected to A and 1B via check valves 19 and 20 adjusts the amount of air pressurized into the sealed tank 1 by adjusting its opening degree. That is, by opening the discharge regulating valve 21, the air discharged from the vacuum pump is released to the atmosphere, and the amount of air pressurized into the closed tank 1 is reduced.

Suction hose 6 is installed on the suction side of the sealed tank.
are connected to each other, and the transfer pipe 7 is connected to the discharge side to transfer the liquid to the drain separator 23 or a desired location.

In FIG. 7, a limit switch 25 disposed above the net conveyor 24 of the water draining separator 23 detects the amount of conveyed objects placed on the net conveyor 24, and an unnecessarily large amount of conveyed objects is placed on the net conveyor 24. 24, this limit switch 25 controls the discharge regulating valve 21 to increase its opening and limit the discharge amount from the closed tank 1.

G. Effect As stated earlier, the transfer device of this invention has the following effects:
Since the fish bodies and liquid are sucked and discharged through compressible air, and the switching time of the vacuum pump is delayed by the delay means, the vacuum pump can moderate pressure fluctuations in the closed tank during reversal. For this reason, the suction and discharge valves, which are check valves, can be closed gently.
This prevents the fish body from being violently pinched and injured when the valve is closed. Therefore, it is possible to transport fish that are easily damaged during transportation and whose commercial value is significantly reduced if damaged, which is an extremely important characteristic for this type of device, in that fish can be transported with less damage.

Further, in the transfer device according to the present invention, a water ring type rotary vacuum pump is used as the vacuum pump, and by changing the direction of rotation of this vacuum pump, air is switched between suction and pressurization in the closed tank. For this reason, there should be 4 holes between the vacuum pump and the sealed tank.
There is no need to connect a one-way switching valve, and the structure is very simple and inexpensive, and the four-way switching valve can be omitted, eliminating any malfunctions caused by this, simplifying maintenance and inspection, and improving the durability of the device itself. Furthermore, the vacuum pump can be reversed simply by switching the wiring of the motor that drives it, making it possible to easily switch between the suction and discharge of a closed tank, so it can be used without using it for a long period of time. Even when the valve is stopped, it does not rust or become stuck like a four-way switching valve, and it operates reliably and accurately for a long time.It has many advantages that are extremely important for this type of device.

Furthermore, a water ring type rotary vacuum pump is used as the pump for air transfer, and this is reversed to inhale.
In order to switch to the discharge process, when the discharge process switches to the suction process, the vacuum pump does not suck in a large amount of air from the pressurized sealed tank at once and become overloaded. Driving and loud noise can be eliminated.

Furthermore, although this invention uses one vacuum pump for both forward and reverse operation for both air suction and air injection, in actual use it does not work as well as the conventional
It can be used in almost the same way as a device in which the direction of rotation of the vacuum pump is kept constant and the suction and discharge processes are switched using a four-way switching valve. This is because, as mentioned earlier, in actual use, this type of fish transfer device also uses a device that drains fish water from a closed tank in a gravity-flowing manner without forcing air into the tank. As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge head is not so required, and even if the vacuum pump is reversed and the air discharge pressure is slightly lowered, it can be used for practical purposes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional suction pressure feeding type transfer device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a transfer device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a switching circuit. Figure 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a two-stage pump, Figure 5 is a characteristic curve of a rotary vacuum pump, Figure 6 is a sectional view of a water ring rotary vacuum pump, and Figures 7 and 8 are FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transfer device showing another embodiment. 1... sealed tank, 2... suction port, 3... discharge port, 4... check valve, 5... check valve, 6... suction hose, 7... transfer pipe, 8... 4-way switching valve,
9...Vacuum pump, 10...Level detector, 11
... Motor, 12 ... Electromagnetic switch, 13 ... Electromagnetic switch, 14 ... Timer, 15 ... Timer,
16... impeller, 17... impeller, 18... valve,
19...Check valve, 20...Check valve, 21...Discharge control valve, 23...Drain separator, 24...Net conveyor, 25...Limit switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A hermetically sealed tank with an open inlet and outlet, a check valve connected to the inlet and outlet of the hermetically sealed tank, and a check valve connected to the inlet and outlet of the hermetically sealed tank. The vacuum pump is equipped with a vacuum pump and a switching means for the vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump discharges the air in the closed tank and draws liquid from the suction port through the check valve, and the switching means switches the vacuum pump on and off. In a fish transfer device, the discharge side is connected to a closed tank, air is injected into the closed tank using a vacuum pump, and the liquid in the closed tank is pumped through a check valve. The pump is a water ring type rotary vacuum pump, and this vacuum pump is rotationally driven by a three-phase motor, and the switching means is a switching switch for switching the connection of the three-phase motor, and the switching switch is controlled by a delay means, and the switching means is a switching switch that switches the connection of the three-phase motor. controls the transfer switch to re-energize the three-phase motor after a time delay after the transfer switch de-energizes the three-phase motor, thereby reversing the three-phase motor and reversing the vacuum pump. A transfer device for transporting fish together with a liquid, characterized in that it is configured to be used for both suction and pressurization of air in a closed tank. (2) Utility model registration request where the delay means is a timer, the time from when power to the motor is stopped until when it starts in reverse rotation is set by the timer, and when the motor stops or its rotation speed slows down, it starts in reverse. A transfer device for transporting the fish described in paragraph (1) together with a liquid. (3) A transfer device for transporting fish together with a liquid as set forth in claim (1) of the utility model registration, wherein the motor is a motor with a brake. (4) The scope of the utility model registration claim, which includes a discharge regulating valve on the discharge side of a vacuum pump with one end open to the outside air, and adjusting the opening degree of this discharge regulating valve to adjust the amount of air pressurized into a closed tank. A transfer device for transporting the fish described in paragraph (1) together with a liquid.