JPS647128Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides for architectural panels (hereinafter simply referred to as panels) useful as exterior wall materials, roofing materials, etc.
This invention relates to a panel with flame retardancy and heat insulation properties.

Recently, panels for exterior wall materials, etc. have high mechanical strength,
○B High insulation properties, ○C Flame retardancy (fire and heat resistance as a quasi-noncombustible material and fireproof structural member), ○D Light weight, ○E High productivity with fewer processes (mass production possible), ○F Low cost ,
○ Ease of driving nails is required. However, there are properties that are incompatible with the above requirements, such as ○ro and ○ha, ○i and ○ni, ○ho and ○ha, ○ha and ○he, etc.
Measures to improve this are being actively researched. However, at the moment,
A practical product has not yet appeared.

In order to meet these demands, the present invention provides fire retardant properties by itself by forming a foam layer made of polyisocyanurate foam or phenol foam, which forms a carbonized layer when exposed to high temperatures, as the core material in the panel. At the same time, a special fire retardant is densely distributed in the foam layer near the joints, which are the weakest points in the panel, to dramatically improve flame retardancy and improve heat insulation and hardness of nails. This project proposes a panel that is easier to drive (compared to the fact that synthetic resin foam alone has elasticity and is extremely difficult to drive with nails) and has improved damage to the foam layer due to nail driving.

An embodiment of the panel according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the above-mentioned panel, and 1 has a square or rectangular decorative surface 1a as a main body, and is made of a moldable plate such as a thin metal plate or a synthetic resin plate.
Reference numerals 2 and 3 denote side walls, which are formed by bending both ends of the main body 1 vertically or at an angle (not shown), and the edges of the side walls 2 protrude outward to form a male connecting portion 4. The male connecting portion 4 consists of an insertion edge 5 and a tongue piece 6 whose tip is bent as shown in the figure or to the opposite side (not shown). Reference numeral 7 denotes a female connecting portion, which has an insertion groove 8 formed by bending the end edge of the side wall 3 inward in a U-shape, and an extension portion 10 extending the lower edge 9 further outward; It consists of a protrusion 11 provided parallel to the side wall 3, and a tongue piece 12 with the tip of the extension part 10 bent outward. Note that the protrusion 11 is provided as necessary, and can also be made to protrude in the opposite direction to that shown in the figure. In particular, ridge 11 is male;
When the female type connecting parts 4 and 7 are connected, it has an airtightness and draining function. 13 is a foamed layer (hereinafter simply referred to as foam) made of polyisocyanurate foam or phenol foam that is filled in the gutter-like portion formed by the main body 1 and the side walls 2 and 3, and is mainly used as a heat insulating material. , adhesive, lightweight raising material, cushion material, sound absorbing material, non-moisture absorption layer, and functions as a fireproof layer by forming a carbonized layer in the event of a fire. This foam 13 is mainly used to produce foam from raw materials. In addition to the gutter-shaped portion, the form 13 has an extension portion other than the insertion edge 5 portion and a portion of the width (Δl) where the end of the extension portion 10 corresponding to the case where the panels are connected is bitten into from one side edge. 1
It protrudes downward to the same thickness over the entire lower surface area including the 0 back surface.
In particular, this protruding portion 13a (indicated by diagonal lines) serves to insulate the heat insulating material, the cushioning material, and the thermal bridge between the main body 1 exposed to the outside air and the internal structural material such as the rim. Numeral 14 is a waterproof sheet that covers the four sides of the foam 13, that is, the exposed four ends of the panel in the longitudinal direction. The material for this waterproof sheet 14 is a waterproof sheet laminated with one or more of asbestos paper, kraft paper, gypsum paper, synthetic resin film, metal foil, and nonwoven fabric, or a waterproof sheet with a waterproof surface on the outer surface of these sheets. mold agent,
Examples include waterproof sheets coated with metal soap, phenylacetic acid, mercury, phenol compounds, aniline derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, sulfur compounds, sanicil anilide, and the like. Further, as the waterproof sheet 14, a sheet coated with a polyurethane resin, a flocked sheet, or the like may be used. Reference numeral 15 is a fire retardant, which is distributed in high density at least in the lower layer (right end) of the extension part 10 at the left and right ends of the form 13, and is used to improve the flame retardancy of the joints when it becomes a wall and when installing the panel. This is intended to improve workability (ease of driving nails, etc.), and to prevent deformation and destruction of the form 13 on the lower surface of the extension part 10 due to nail driving. In particular, the fire retardant 15 cools the surrounding area, forms an inorganic foam layer, closes the gaps in the joints, and blocks fire and hot air from entering through the joints. Here, to explain the fire retardant 15 in more detail, the fire retardant 15 has the structure shown in FIGS. This is a fire retardant 15a in which the voids are impregnated with at least one or more foamable inorganic materials 17 in an unfoamed state.
Figure b shows a fire retardant 15b in which foamable inorganic material 17 is attached or coated on the shell surface of porous particles 16,
Figure c shows the surface of the fire retardant shown in a and b above with wall film quality 1.
Fire retardant 15c coated with No. 8 (the figure shows the coated one in figure a). Further, the porous particles 16 are lightweight, strong, and nonflammable aggregates, and function as a weight-reducing material for the expensive foam 13 and a large-capacity container for the unfoamed foamable inorganic material 17. Its shape is a spherical body that is easy to add and mix, and it is a foam insulation structure with many pores in the outer shell between the internal void and the outside air. The pores are essential for impregnating the internal voids with the foamable inorganic material 17. Note that these pores are closed by the foamable inorganic material 17 after impregnation. Specific examples of the porous grains 16 include pearlite grains, shirasu balloons,
Calcined vermiculite etc. In addition, the foamable inorganic material 17 is a material that releases moisture such as crystal water and free water under high temperatures, cools the surrounding area, and gradually expands to form an inorganic foam layer. Acts as a fire extinguisher, coolant, heat insulator and heat protectant. Examples of the foamable inorganic material 17 include borates such as borax and sodium metaborate, silicates such as sodium silicate and sodium metasilicate, and phosphorus such as dibasic sodium phosphate and sodium metaphosphate. Acid salts, the general formula is xNa ₂ O・yB ₂ O ₃・
It consists of one or more of the following compositions, expressed in zH ₂ O: 0.25≦x/y≦1.50 0.8 (x+y)≦z≦5 (x+y). Note that in order to impregnate or coat at least a portion of the porous particles 16 with the foamable inorganic material 17,
These substances are melted once, and when they are in liquid form, they are impregnated and coated into internal voids etc. through the pores.
After that, it hardens and can be stored in large quantities. Furthermore, the wall material 18 covering the entire outer surface improves "wetness" of the fire retardant 15 with the raw material of the foam 13, and prevents deterioration of fire protection performance, deterioration of weather resistance, and deterioration of the foamable inorganic material 17 by preventing air from entering. This is achieved by, for example, polyethylene resin,
It consists of one type of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), starch, gum arabic, paraffin wax, etc.

Next, an example will be explained.

Assuming that a panel as shown in Fig. 1 is manufactured using the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, in the figure A is a heating type mold consisting of upper and lower molds that rotate in the direction of the arrow, and B is a waterproof mold. A molding machine for the sheet 14, C a molding machine for the main body 1, D a foam raw material discharge machine, and E a fire retardant 15 supply machine. Therefore, the main body 1 is a color iron plate with a thickness of 0.27 mm, the foam raw material 13b is a raw material for polyisocyanurate foam (AZ system of Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku), and the waterproof sheet 14 is asbestos paper (0.2 mm) and aluminum foil (50 mm). micron) laminated, fire retardant 1
5, the internal voids of pearlite grains with an average grain size of 3 mmφ (bulk specific gravity 0.1) were melted and filled almost densely with borax, and then the outer surface of the pearlite grains was coated with polyethylene resin (film thickness of 20 microns). prepare things. Therefore, mold A rotates at a speed of 30 m/min, the mold temperature is set to 70°C, and the above foam raw material is
13b is discharged onto the back surface 1b of the molded main body 1 in a somewhat average manner. Therefore, this foam raw material
13b is the cream time or gel time period, preferably at the end of the gel time, the tarpaulin sheet 14
is brought into contact with the foam raw material 13b as shown in FIG. 2, supplied to mold A, cured in mold A, and continuously sent out from the outlet as a panel (total thickness 25 mm) as shown in FIG. 1. In particular, at this time, since the back surface of the waterproof sheet 14 is conveyed to the entrance of the mold A without being bent, the chemical reaction of the foam raw material 13b and the foaming height are not suppressed, and it comes into contact with the foaming top surface at the final stage, making it effective. Aim for foaming. Further, the fire retardant 15 is supplied to the rear surface of the extension part 10 in a dense manner as shown in FIG. Note that, at this time, it is preferable that the foam raw material 13b has started to foam to the extent shown in the figure. This is because, as shown by the arrow, the foam raw material 13b is hardly displaced from the position where the fire retardant 15 is added due to its foaming direction. When the panel manufactured in this manner was observed, the cross section was found to have a structure approximately as shown in FIG. That is, in the foam 13, a closed-cell foam structure was formed in areas other than the lower layer of the extension portion 10. Its foam density was 30Kg/ ^m3 .
Further, in the lower layer of the extension part 10, the fire retardant 15 was distributed in a state close to close packing, and the foam 13 closed the gaps between the fire retardants 15 and were bonded together. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, this panel α was fixed to the trunk edge G via nails F, and the insertion edge 5 of the panel β was inserted into the insertion groove 8 to form a wall body.
Therefore, for walls connected in this way, JIS-A
-1301 (class 2 heating in the fire protection test method for wooden parts of buildings), and as a result, the joint area was
In the state shown in the figure, the foamable inorganic material 17 melts and leaks from the porous particles 16 of the fire retardant 15, cools the surrounding area with water vapor, gradually becomes viscous and expands, forming the inorganic foam layer 17a. Formed in the area on the twill line. This inorganic foam layer 17a has a fire-resistant melting point of 740° C. or more and a highly heat-insulating foam structure that prevents fire and hot air from entering. In addition, porous particles 16 were distributed in this inorganic foam layer 17a and mixed therein as a reinforcing material, resulting in a more robust inorganic foam layer 17a. Furthermore, the void in the insertion groove 8 portion of the joint was filled with the inorganic foam layer 17a. In addition, form 13 other than this joint area
was mostly carbide except near the joints. It should be noted that the carbide had no significant dimensional change (shrinkage) or cracks that reached the back surface, and functioned well as a heat insulator. As a result, the wall made of these panels fully met the criteria for fireproof construction. In addition, to illustrate the data of the above test results, (1) There is no harmful flame generation from a fire prevention perspective. (2) There was no afterflame after the test, and there was no flame for more than 5 minutes. (3)
The maximum temperature on the back surface was 256°C. of course,
There was no actual ignition of local wood sections. Also, the heat transmission coefficient of this wall is 0.54 kcal/m ² .
It was hot at h・℃.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the construction panel according to the present invention, and the fire retardant 15 can also be distributed as shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c. Moreover, the end portion of the extension portion 10 can also be formed as shown in FIGS. 8a to 8g. That is, FIG. 8a shows the waterproof sheet 1
When one end edge 14a (hereinafter simply referred to as the edge) of 4 is provided so as to cover the outer circumference of the tongue piece 12 halfway, Figure b shows the case where the end edge 14a is simply folded double, and Figure C shows the case where the edge 14a is simply folded double. When the edge 14a is formed in a wavy shape, Figure d shows the case where the edge 14a is provided so as to reach the protrusion 11, and Figure E shows the form 13 partially formed into the tongue piece 1.
The surface including these protrudes in two directions is the edge 14a.
Figure F shows the case where the edge 14a shown in Figure A is provided with adhesive 19, and Figure G shows the case where the edge 14a is wrapped around the tongue piece 12.
In addition, the entire foam 13 contains porous grains 16, one or more types of borons/silicates (borax, meta-borax soda, sodium silicate), fibrous materials (glass wool, rock wool,
Asbestos), one or more types of clay minerals can also be added.

As described above, the panel according to the present invention has the characteristics of reducing the amount of core material, improving mechanical strength, and having excellent heat insulation properties at room temperature and high temperature, and being used as a fireproof structural member. Because the lower surface of the extension is filled with fire retardant at a high density, the attached part is harder than the form itself, so there is no splashing when nailing, and it can be driven easily, greatly improving workability. The lower surface of the extension is deformed by nailing,
Since it does not break, no gaps are formed in the connecting part, improving fireproofing and waterproofing properties. Furthermore, the panel according to the present invention has the characteristics that it is easy to manufacture and can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the construction panel according to the present invention, Figs. 2 a to c are enlarged explanatory views showing a fire retardant to be mixed into the construction panel according to the invention, and Fig. 3 is the above-mentioned A schematic diagram showing an example of a device used for manufacturing panels, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the manufacturing process, and Fig. 5 is an example of construction when a wall is formed using the architectural panel according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the above-mentioned wall after being heated according to the JIS-A-1301 test, and FIGS. 7 a to c are other views of the architectural panel according to the present invention. Figures 8a to 8g are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments of the extension portion of the construction panel according to the present invention. 1...Main body, 13...Foam layer made of polyisocyanurate foam or phenol foam, 14...Waterproof sheet, 15...Fire retardant.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Both sides of the main body having a square or rectangular decorative surface are connected downwardly on both sides, and a male connecting part consisting of an outwardly protruding insertion edge is provided on one side edge, and the other side edge is parallel to the above-mentioned side edge. The side edge is provided with an insertion groove having a substantially U-shaped cross section that engages the insertion edge, and a female connecting portion having an extension portion that extends the lower edge of the insertion groove outwardly, In addition, a foam layer made of polyisocyanurate foam or phenol foam, which forms a carbonized layer when exposed to high temperatures, is formed in the gutter-shaped portion surrounded by the two side edges of the main body, and the foam layer is inserted between the edges. When the panels and sections are connected, the end of the panel extension protrudes downward to the same thickness over the entire lower surface area including the back surface of the extension, except for the part with a width that bites in from one side edge, and the back side of the foam layer. In architectural panels whose exposed surfaces are covered with a waterproof sheet,
A fire retardant in which internal voids of inorganic porous particles are impregnated or coated with a foamable inorganic material that releases crystal water at high temperatures and gradually foams and expands in at least the lower extended portion of the foam layer among the foam layers is densely packed. An architectural panel characterized by being distributed.