KR100220080B1 - Diesel Automobile Exhaust Plasma Purifier - Google Patents

Diesel Automobile Exhaust Plasma Purifier Download PDF

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KR100220080B1
KR100220080B1 KR1019970019629A KR19970019629A KR100220080B1 KR 100220080 B1 KR100220080 B1 KR 100220080B1 KR 1019970019629 A KR1019970019629 A KR 1019970019629A KR 19970019629 A KR19970019629 A KR 19970019629A KR 100220080 B1 KR100220080 B1 KR 100220080B1
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exhaust gas
discharge electrode
diesel vehicle
diesel
discharge
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KR19980084045A (en
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지종기
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지종기
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/14—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 디젤 자동차의 배기가스에 포함되는 NOx, SOx, CO, 미반응 탄화수소(CH)와 분진 등을 효과적으로 제거하는 플라즈마 정화장치에 관한 것으로, 상세하게는 구조가 간단하며 자동차 배터리 전원을 이용하므로 자동차 시동 초기부터 배기가스를 효과적으로 정화할 수 있는 장점을 지니고 있다.The present invention relates to a plasma purifier that effectively removes NOx, SOx, CO, unreacted hydrocarbons (CH) and dust, etc. contained in exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle. It has the advantage of effectively purifying the exhaust gas from the beginning of the car.

본 발명 디젤 자동차 배기가스 플라즈마 정화장치는 경유 자동차 배기가스 정화장치에도 적용할 수 있으며, 화력발전소 등 모든 연소에 의한 매연가스를 정화시킬 수도 있다.The diesel vehicle exhaust gas purification apparatus of the present invention can be applied to a diesel vehicle exhaust gas purification apparatus, and can also purify the soot gas by all combustion such as a thermal power plant.

Description

디젤 자동차 배기가스 플라즈마 정화장치Diesel Vehicle Exhaust Plasma Purifier

본 발명은 디젤 자동차 배기 가스에 포함되는 NOx, SOx, CO, 미연소 탄화수소(CH), 매연 분진 등을 효과적으로 제거하는 디젤 자동차 배기가스 플라즈마 정화장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 구조가 간단하며 자동차 배터리 전원을 이용하므로 초기 시동시부터 배기가스를 정화할 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a diesel vehicle exhaust gas plasma purification apparatus that effectively removes NOx, SOx, CO, unburned hydrocarbons (CH), soot dust, and the like contained in diesel vehicle exhaust gas. It is used to purify the exhaust gas from the initial start-up.

현재 선진국의 대도시나 공장 밀집 지역에서는 질소산화물인 NO 와 NO2와 같은 NOx가 발생량이 증가하고 있으므로 대기오염에 대한 규제가 점차 강화되고 있다.Currently in developed countries metropolitan area or plant Since the NOx such as NO and NO 2 in NOx generation amount has been reinforced gradually increased restrictions on air pollution.

NOx의 주 발생원인은 날마다 증가하는 자동차, 쓰레기 소각로, 화력발전소, 디젤 기관차, 선박, 각종 보일러 및 난방용 버너 등을 들 수 있으며, 이 가운데 자동차의 매연이 대기오염에 차지하는 비중은 무려 75%에 달하고 있다.The main causes of NOx are automobiles, waste incinerators, thermal power plants, diesel locomotives, ships, various boilers and heating burners. Among them, the amount of soot in automobiles accounts for 75% of air pollution. have.

디젤 자동차는 가솔린 자동차에 비하여 열효율이 좋고 높은 출력을 낼 수 있으며, 비교적 공연비가 높은 영역에서 연소가 일어나고 있으므로 일산화탄소와 탄화수소의 배출량이 낮아 휘발유 자동차의 배출가스 규제가 엄격하지 않았을 때는 오염물질의 배출이 상대적으로 낮은 비교적 깨끗한 자동차로 알려 졌었다.Diesel cars have better heat efficiency and higher output than gasoline cars, and combustion takes place in areas with relatively high air-fuel ratios, resulting in low emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. It was known as a relatively low relatively clean car.

그러나, 삼원 촉매가 부착된 저공해 휘발유 자동차가 공급됨으로써 인체에 유독한 NOx 및 입자상 물질들이 많이 배출되는 디젤 자동차가 큰 오염 배출원으로 등장하게 되었다. 따라서, 디젤 자동차에서와 같이 배기가스 오염물질을 후처리하는 배기가스 정화기술을 개발하고 있으며, 현재 개발되었거나 개발중인 디젤 자동차 매연 후처리 장치는 다음 5가지로 분류할 수 있다.However, the low pollution gasoline vehicle with the three-way catalyst has been supplied, and the diesel vehicle, which emits a lot of toxic NOx and particulate matter, has emerged as a large pollutant emission source. Therefore, the exhaust gas purification technology for post-treatment of exhaust gas contaminants is being developed as in diesel vehicles, and the diesel exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus currently developed or developed can be classified into the following five categories.

1) 경유 버너식 : 매연을 포집한 후 별도의 경유 버너를 사용하여 재연소 시키는 장치.1) Diesel burner type: A device that collects soot and reburns it using a separate diesel burner.

2) 연료첨가제식 : 연료에 암모니아, 우레아, 하이드라진 등의 첨가제를 주입하고 매연을 세라믹 필터로 포집한 후 전자장치로 재연소시키는 장치.2) Fuel additive formula: Injecting additives such as ammonia, urea, hydrazine, etc. into the fuel, collecting the soot with a ceramic filter, and reburning it with an electronic device.

3) 트랩-머플러식 : 머플러에 부착된 필터에 매연을 포집한 후 머플러에서 재연소시키는 장치.3) Trap-muffler type: A device that collects soot in the filter attached to the muffler and re-burns it in the muffler.

4) 촉매식 : 촉매트랩을 설치하여 매연을 정화시키는 장치.4) Catalytic type: A device for purifying soot by installing a catalyst trap.

이들 가운데 경유 버너식은 엔진에서 연결 부착하여야 하므로 엔진실에 별도의 공간이 필요하고, 연료 첨가제식은 머플러 앞에 별도의 전자장치와 세라믹 필터를 부착해야 하므로 역시 별도의 공간을 필요로 하는 단점을 지니고 있다.Of these, the diesel burner type requires a separate space in the engine room because it must be connected and attached in the engine, and the fuel additive type requires a separate space in front of the muffler, and thus requires a separate space.

트랩-머플러식은 현재 사용하고 있는 기존의 머플러를 제거하고 트랩머플러로 교체해야 하는 단점을 지니고 있으며, 촉매식은 미반응 탄화수소나 SOx에 의한 촉매독의 제거가 용이하지 못하여 정화효율이 떨어지는 단점이 있다.The trap-muffler type has the disadvantage of removing the existing muffler currently used and replacing it with the trap muffler, and the catalytic type has a disadvantage in that the purification efficiency is low because it is not easy to remove the catalyst poison by the unreacted hydrocarbon or SOx.

이와 같은 디젤 자동차 정화장치들은 앞에서 언급한 바와 같이 각각의 뚜렷한 단점외에도 모두 400만원대 이상의 고가 장비라는 공통의 단점을 지니고 있을 뿐 아니라, 자동차 시동 초기에는 정화장치의 온도가 낮아서 배기가스 정화가 거의 이루어지지 않는다는 근본적인 단점을 지니고 있다.As mentioned above, these diesel car purifiers have a common disadvantage of being expensive equipment of more than 4 million won in addition to the obvious disadvantages, and the exhaust gas purification is almost impossible at the start of the car due to the low temperature of the purifier. It has a fundamental disadvantage.

따라서, 본 발명의 플라즈마 정화장치는 12V나 24V의 자동차 바테리 전원을 트랜스로 25,000V∼55,000V까지 승압하여 아크 방전에 의한 플라즈마를 발생시켜 디젤 자동차의 배기가스를 분해 정화시켜는 원리를 이용하고 있으며 자동차 시동 초기부터 정화효율을 최대한 높일 수 있도록 함을 목적으로 한다.Therefore, the plasma purification apparatus of the present invention utilizes the principle of decomposing and purifying exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle by generating a plasma by arc discharge by boosting a vehicle battery power supply of 12V or 24V to 25,000V to 55,000V with a transformer. It aims to maximize the purification efficiency from the beginning of the car.

한편, 승압시킨 전원이 25,000V∼40,000V일 경우에는 플라즈마의 색갈이 붉은 색을 띄고 있으나, 40,000V∼55,000V의 고전압에서는 푸른색의 플라즈마가 발생되고 배기가스 정화효율이 더욱 높다.On the other hand, when the power is boosted to 25,000V ~ 40,000V, the color of the plasma is red, but at a high voltage of 40,000V ~ 55,000V, blue plasma is generated and the exhaust gas purification efficiency is higher.

또한, 본 발명은 배출되는 배기가스가 여러 개의 원추형 방전전극을 통해서만 배출되게 함으로써 매연의 정화효율이 매우 우수하도록 한다. 또한, 양극과 음극으로 이루어진 두 개의 원판형 전극이 한 조의 플라즈마 발생장치가 될 수 있도록 한다.In addition, the present invention allows the exhaust gas to be discharged only through a plurality of conical discharge electrodes so that the soot purification efficiency is very excellent. In addition, two disk-shaped electrodes consisting of an anode and a cathode may be a set of plasma generators.

이런 방전 전극조를 2개 이상 복수 개로 설치함으로써 배기가스 정화효율을 극대화 시킬 수 있으며, 여러 개의 원추형 방전 전극은 엔진에서 배출되는 매연가스의 배출 저항을 최대한으로 줄여 주므로 배출압력에 의한 엔진의 무리가 없도록 한다. 이하, 본 고안의 바람직한 실시 예를 첨부한 도면에 따라 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.By installing two or more such discharge electrode groups, the exhaust gas purification efficiency can be maximized, and the multiple conical discharge electrodes reduce the discharge resistance of the soot gas discharged from the engine to the maximum. Do not. Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail as follows.

제1도 : 본 발명에 사용되는 전극의 사시도.1 is a perspective view of an electrode used in the present invention.

제2도 : 본 발명에 사용되는 전극조의 단면 구성도.2 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of an electrode assembly used in the present invention.

제3도 : 본 발명의 사용 상태도.3 is a state diagram of use of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

2 : 전극 4 : 금속판2: electrode 4: metal plate

6 : 통공 8 : 방전 전극6 through hole 8: discharge electrode

10 : 세라믹 격판 12 : 전극조10: ceramic diaphragm 12: electrode

14 : 머플러 16 : 절연재14: muffler 16: insulation material

제1도는 본 발명을 구성하는 전극(2)의 사시도로서, 상극 전극(2)은 다음과 같은 조건으로 구성된다.1 is a perspective view of an electrode 2 constituting the present invention, wherein the upper electrode 2 is constituted under the following conditions.

즉, 전극(2)을 구성하는 재료는 니켈, 백금 등과 같은 금속판(4)을 프레스하여 금속판(4)상에 통공(6)이 뚫린 다수의 원추형 방전전극(8)을 구성한다.In other words, the material constituting the electrode 2 is formed by pressing a metal plate 4 such as nickel, platinum, or the like to form a plurality of conical discharge electrodes 8 having holes 6 drilled on the metal plate 4.

상기와 같이 구성된 전극(2)을 제2도와 같이, 비전도성을 갖는 세라믹 격판(10)의 양측에 나란히 접착하여 고정함으로써 전극조(12)를 구성한다.As shown in FIG. 2, the electrode assembly 12 is constituted by adhering and fixing the electrodes 2 configured as described above to both sides of the ceramic diaphragm 10 having non-conductivity.

이때, 전극(2)에 구성된 원추형 방전전극(8)은 서로 중첩되게 구성하는 것이 바람직하며, 방전전극(8)간의 간격은 1mm∼2mm가 이상적이다.At this time, it is preferable that the conical discharge electrodes 8 constituted by the electrodes 2 overlap each other, and the interval between the discharge electrodes 8 is ideally 1 mm to 2 mm.

상기와 같이 구성된 전극조(12)를 제3도과 같이 디젤 자동차용 머플러(14) 내면에 중첩되게 설치하되, 머플러(14)와 전극조(12) 사이에는 절연재(16)로 절연이 되어야 하며, 이때 전극조(12)에 구성된 일측 전극은 (-)극 타측 전극은 (+)극과 연결되게 하며 전원은 자동차 배터리 전원과 연결되게 한 다음 트랜스로 승압 사용토록 하여서 된 것이다.The electrode assembly 12 configured as described above is installed to overlap the inner surface of the muffler 14 for a diesel vehicle as shown in FIG. 3, but the insulation member 16 must be insulated with the insulating material 16 between the muffler 14 and the electrode assembly 12. At this time, one electrode of the electrode assembly 12 is to be connected to the (-) pole and the other electrode is connected to the (+) pole, and the power is connected to the car battery power, and then to be used to boost the transformer.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 작용효과는 다음과 같다.Effects of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

먼저 자동차를 운행하기 위하여 시동을 걸면 12V나 24V 정도인 자동차 배터리의 전원을 공지의 발진기와 승압트랜스를 이용하여 25,000V∼55,000V까지 승압하여 아크방전시켜 플라즈마를 발생시키게 되고, 따라서 머플러(14)를 통과하는 배기가스가 분해정화되어 외부로 배출된다.First, when the vehicle is started to drive a car, the power of a car battery of about 12V or 24V is boosted to 25,000V to 55,000V by using a known oscillator and a boost transformer, and arc-discharged to generate a plasma. Thus, the muffler 14 The exhaust gas passing through is decomposed and purified and discharged to the outside.

상기 정화장치를 구성함에 있어서 자동차의 시동초기부터 정화가 되므로 정화효율을 극대화 할 수 있으며, 전극에 구성된 원추형 방전전극(8)은 배기가스의 배출저항을 최소화하여 배출압력에 의한 엔진의 무리가 없도록 구성되어 있으며, 뿐만 아니라 정화장치가 머플러내에 설치되어 있어 배출되는 배기가스가 반드시 통과하게 되므로 정화효율이 매우 높다.In the construction of the purification device, since the purification is performed from the beginning of the vehicle, the purification efficiency can be maximized, and the conical discharge electrode 8 formed on the electrode minimizes the discharge resistance of the exhaust gas so that there is no burden of the engine due to the discharge pressure. In addition, since the purification device is installed in the muffler, the exhaust gas is surely passed, so the purification efficiency is very high.

본 발명을 실시 함에 있어서 반드시 자동차용 배기가스 정화장치에 만 한정하여 사용되는 것이 아니라 석유 및 가스버너, 디젤 기관, 소각로 화력 발전소 등의 매연가스 제거용으로 사용할 수도 있으며 그 작용효과는 물론 동일시 된다.In the practice of the present invention is not limited to only the exhaust gas purification device for automobiles, but may also be used for the removal of soot gas, such as oil and gas burners, diesel engines, incinerator thermal power plants, the effect thereof is of course the same.

따라서, 본 발명은 디젤 자동차의 머플러내에 플라즈마 정화장치를 설치하는 간단한 구성으로 배출되는 배기가스를 획기적으로 줄일 수 있으므로 디젤 자동차의 배기가스로 인한 각종 환경오염을 현격히 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있는 매우 유용한 발명이다.Therefore, the present invention can significantly reduce the exhaust gas discharged by a simple configuration of installing a plasma purification device in the muffler of the diesel vehicle, a very useful invention having the effect of significantly reducing various environmental pollution caused by the exhaust gas of the diesel vehicle. to be.

Claims (3)

금속판(4)상에 방전전극(8)이 형성된 전극(2)을 세라믹 격판(10) 좌,우측에 중첩되게 설치한 다음, 양극과 음극을 각각 연결하여 방전 전극조(12)를 구성하고, 12V 또는 24V의 자동차 배터리를 공지의 방법으로 교류화 한 다음 25,000V∼55,000V 까지 승압한 다음 상기 방전 전극조(12)에 인가하면 그 사이에 아크방전에 의한 플라즈마가 발생되게 함으로써 방전전극조(12)를 통과하는 배기가스가 분해 정화되게 한 디젤 자동차 배기가스 플라즈마 정화장치.The electrode 2 having the discharge electrode 8 formed on the metal plate 4 is superimposed on the left and right sides of the ceramic diaphragm 10, and then, the anode and the cathode are connected to each other to form a discharge electrode group 12. A 12V or 24V car battery is altered by a known method, and then boosted to 25,000V to 55,000V, and then applied to the discharge electrode assembly 12 to generate plasma by arc discharge therebetween. 12. A diesel vehicle exhaust gas plasma purification apparatus for causing the exhaust gas passing through 12 to be decomposed and purified. 제1항에 있어서, 금속판(4)에 구성된 방전 전극(3)은 원추형으로 구성하고, 원추형 방전전극(8)상에는 통공(6)을 뚫어 구성함으로써 배기가스의 배출저항이 최소화되게 함을 특징으로 하는 디젤 자동차 배기가스 플라즈마 정화장치.The discharge electrode 3 of the metal plate 4 is configured in a conical shape, and the through-hole 6 is formed on the conical discharge electrode 8 to minimize the discharge resistance of the exhaust gas. Diesel vehicle exhaust gas plasma purification device. 세라믹 격판(10) 좌, 우측에 전극(2)이 중첩 구성된 방전 전극조(12)를 머플러(14)내에 복수 개 설치하고, 12V 또는 24V의 자동차 배터리를 공지의 방법으로 교류화 한 다음 25,000V∼55,000V 까지 승압한 다음 상기 방전 전극조(12)에 인가하여 플라즈마가 발생되게 함으로써 방전전극조(12)를 통과하는 배기가스가 분해 정화되게 한 디젤 자동차 배기가스 플라즈마 정화장치.A plurality of discharge electrode groups 12 having the electrodes 2 superimposed on the left and right sides of the ceramic diaphragm 10 are installed in the muffler 14, and a 12V or 24V car battery is altered by a known method, and then 25,000V. A diesel vehicle exhaust gas plasma purification apparatus for which the exhaust gas passing through the discharge electrode assembly 12 is decomposed and purified by applying a voltage to the discharge electrode assembly 12 and then applying it to the discharge electrode assembly 12.
KR1019970019629A 1997-05-17 1997-05-17 Diesel Automobile Exhaust Plasma Purifier Expired - Fee Related KR100220080B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100921325B1 (en) 2008-03-13 2009-10-13 권상민 Automobile emission gas decomposition device using partial discharge plasma mounted on automobile silencer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100490060B1 (en) * 2002-01-09 2005-05-17 박재윤 Apparatus for reducing molecular mass of oil and soot by using plasma

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100921325B1 (en) 2008-03-13 2009-10-13 권상민 Automobile emission gas decomposition device using partial discharge plasma mounted on automobile silencer

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