KR102797022B1 - Composite laminate for noise and vibration isolation and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Composite laminate for noise and vibration isolation and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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KR102797022B1
KR102797022B1 KR1020250006574A KR20250006574A KR102797022B1 KR 102797022 B1 KR102797022 B1 KR 102797022B1 KR 1020250006574 A KR1020250006574 A KR 1020250006574A KR 20250006574 A KR20250006574 A KR 20250006574A KR 102797022 B1 KR102797022 B1 KR 102797022B1
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noise
vibration
composite laminate
foam
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이상수
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/05—5 or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/12—Conjugate fibres, e.g. core/sheath or side-by-side
    • B32B2262/124—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
    • B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
    • B32B2307/7376—Thickness

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 특수차량, 궤도형 차량, 철도차량, 군 장비 특수차량 및 궤도형 특수장비에서 발생되는 소음 및 진동을 효과적으로 흡수하거나 차단하기 위하여 설계된 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체에 관한 것으로 상기 복합 적층체는 부직포, 타공폼, 폴리우레탄 발포체, 제진층, 알루미늄 호일, 부틸고무판, 양면테이프, 이형지 등을 포함하는 다층 구조로 구성되며, 각 층이 상호 보완적으로 소음 차단 및 진동 흡수 성능을 극대화하도록 설계되었다.The present invention relates to a composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking designed to effectively absorb or block noise and vibration generated from special vehicles, tracked vehicles, railway vehicles, military equipment special vehicles, and tracked special equipment, wherein the composite laminate is composed of a multilayer structure including a nonwoven fabric, a perforated foam, a polyurethane foam, a vibration-damping layer, aluminum foil, a butyl rubber plate, a double-sided tape, a release paper, and the like, and each layer is designed to complement each other and maximize noise blocking and vibration absorption performance.

Description

소음 및 진동 차단을 위한 복합 적층체{COMPOSITE LAMINATE FOR NOISE AND VIBRATION ISOLATION AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF}{COMPOSITE LAMINATE FOR NOISE AND VIBRATION ISOLATION AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF}

본 발명은 특수차량, 궤도형 차량, 철도차량 및 군 장비에서 발생하는 소음과 진동을 흡수하거나 차단하기 위한 복합 적층체에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a composite laminate for absorbing or blocking noise and vibration generated in special vehicles, tracked vehicles, railway vehicles, and military equipment.

소음과 진동은 다양한 산업 분야에서 작업 환경과 장비의 안정성을 저해하는 주요 요소로 인식되고 있다.Noise and vibration are recognized as major factors that impede the work environment and safety of equipment in various industrial fields.

특히, 특수차량, 궤도형 차량, 철도차량 및 군 장비와 같은 특수용도로 제작된 이동장치들은 운용 특성상 극한 환경에서 사용되며, 이로 인해 발생하는 소음과 진동 문제가 여러 기술적 과제로 남아있다. 이러한 소음 및 진동은 장시간 노출될 경우, 장비의 내구성을 저하시킬 뿐만 아니라 운전자 및 주변 작업자의 신체적 불편과 피로를 유발하며, 특수차량과 군 장비의 경우 첨단 장비 및 작전의 효율성을 저하시키는 원인으로 작용할 수 있다.In particular, special-purpose mobile devices such as special vehicles, tracked vehicles, railway vehicles, and military equipment are used in extreme environments due to their operational characteristics, and the resulting noise and vibration problems remain as several technical challenges. When exposed to such noise and vibration for a long period of time, they not only reduce the durability of the equipment, but also cause physical discomfort and fatigue to drivers and surrounding workers, and in the case of special vehicles and military equipment, they can act as a cause of reducing the efficiency of advanced equipment and operations.

소음 및 진동 문제를 해결하기 위해 다양한 제진 및 차음 기술이 개발되고 있으며, 이들 장치를 위한 흡음재, 제진재, 방음재의 사용이 일반적이다. 기존의 방법으로는 개별층의 소재를 활용하여 소음 저감을 시도하거나, 단순한 적층 방식을 통해 방음 및 방진 효과를 도모하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 기존의 방식은 열악한 환경에서의 시스템 내구성과 장기적인 소음/진동 차단 성능을 만족시키지 못하는 한계를 가진다. 소음 및 진동의 흡수 또는 차단하기 위한 적층체와 관련된 종래기술들로 To solve noise and vibration problems, various vibration and soundproofing technologies are being developed, and the use of sound-absorbing materials, vibration-damping materials, and sound-proofing materials for these devices is common. Conventional methods attempt to reduce noise by utilizing materials in individual layers, or to achieve soundproofing and vibration-proofing effects through simple lamination methods. However, these conventional methods have limitations in that they do not satisfy system durability and long-term noise/vibration blocking performance in harsh environments. Conventional technologies related to laminates for absorbing or blocking noise and vibration

예를 들면, 본 발명자가 개발한 국내등록특허 제10-0289735호에는 우레탄계 발포체(1)와, 상기 우레탄계 발포체(1)의 상부에 접착제나 열융착으로 적층시킨 올레핀계 발포체(2)와, 상기 올레핀계 발포체(2)의 상부에 접착제나 열융착으로 적층시킨 레자/시이트(3)와, 상기와 같이 적층 시킨 우레탄계 발포체(1), 올레핀계 발포체(2) 및 레자/시이트(3)를 ㎠당 일정개수의 미세한 구멍을 형성시키고, 상기 미세한 구멍이 형성된 우레탄계발포체(1)의 하부에 접착제나 열융착을 통하여 적층 시킨 구멍이 형성되지 않는 발포제품 또는 제진제(4)를 포함하여 구성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방음 적층체가 개시되어 있고, 국내등록특허 제10-1368864호에는 난연성 실리콘조성물이 내장된 함침탱크에 우레탄폼 등의 발포체로된 시트를 공급하여 발포체에 난연성 실리콘 조성물을 함침시켜 코팅, 침투 또는 두가지 모두 되도록 하여, 우레탄폼 및 발포체가 갖고 있는 흡음성능에 실리콘수지가 갖고 있는 물리적, 화학적, 기계적인 장점을 접목시킬 수 있는 난연성 실리콘조성물을 이용한 발포시트의 제조방법이 개시되어 있다. 또한 국내등록특허 제10-2271926호에는 수지 발포 성형체는 수지 발포 입자가 서로 융착한 성형체이고, 융착한 상기 수지 발포 입자 사이에 연속한 공극부를 갖고, 공극률이 15 ∼ 80 ％ 이고, 상기 수지 발포 입자는 수지를 포함하고, 오목 외형부를 갖고 섬유집합 적층체를 2 ∼ 30 장 중첩하는 기술이 개시되어 있다.For example, Korean Patent No. 10-0289735 developed by the inventor of the present invention discloses a soundproof laminate characterized by comprising a urethane foam (1), an olefin foam (2) laminated on the upper part of the urethane foam (1) by adhesive or heat fusion, a resin/sheet (3) laminated on the upper part of the olefin foam (2) by adhesive or heat fusion, and a foam product or damping agent (4) in which no holes are formed by forming a certain number of fine holes per cm2 in the urethane foam (1), the olefin foam (2), and the resin/sheet (3) laminated as described above, and laminated on the lower part of the urethane foam (1) in which the fine holes are formed by adhesive or heat fusion, and Korean Patent No. 10-1368864 discloses a soundproof laminate characterized by comprising an impregnation tank containing a flame retardant silicone composition. A method for manufacturing a foam sheet using a flame-retardant silicone composition is disclosed, which can combine the physical, chemical, and mechanical advantages of silicone resin with the sound-absorbing performance of urethane foam and the foam by supplying a sheet made of a foam such as urethane foam and impregnating the foam with a flame-retardant silicone composition to effect coating, penetration, or both. In addition, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2271926 discloses a technology for overlapping 2 to 30 sheets of a fiber aggregate laminate, wherein the resin foam molded body is a molded body in which resin foam particles are fused to each other, has a continuous void portion between the fused resin foam particles, has a void ratio of 15 to 80%, and the resin foam particles contain resin and have a concave outer portion.

국내등록록허 제10-2604135호 및 제10-2343534호에는 부직포는, 평균 섬유 직경 0.3 ㎛ 이상 7 ㎛ 이하의 적어도 1층의 극세 섬유층(M)과, 평균 섬유직경 10 ㎛ 이상 30 ㎛ 이하의 적어도 1층의 연속 장섬유층(S)이 일체화된 적층 구조를 갖는 부직포로서, 이 극세 섬유층(M)과 이 연속 장섬유층(S)의 접착 면적률이 45% 이상 80% 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 흡음재가 개시되어 있으며, 국내등록특허 제10-2586119호에는 타이어 내부에 폴리우레탄 발포체를 분사할 수 있어 별도의 접착제가 필요하지 않아 작업 효율이 우수하고 생산성이 향상되면서도 발포체의 내부의 다공질 셀에 의해 밀폐되어 차음되고 발포체 표면 공극에 흡음되어 차음과 흡음 효과를 발휘하여 소음 저감 효과를 갖는 타이어 내부 폴리우레탄 발포체 분사 방법이 개시되어 있다. 국내등록특허 제10-2469327호에는 폴리우레탄 발포체는 점도가 25℃기준으로 1,300 내지 1,700 cps일 수 있고, 상기 폴리우레탄 발포체는 상기 폴리우레탄 발포체 100중량부 기준으로 수분함유량이 2 내지 4 중량부이며, 또한, 상기 트레부 내측과 상기 흡음재 사이에 프라이머가 도포된 것을 특징으로 하는 타이어 흡음재가 개시되어 있다. Domestic registration Nos. 10-2604135 and 10-2343534 disclose a composite sound-absorbing material characterized in that the nonwoven fabric has a laminated structure in which at least one ultrafine fiber layer (M) having an average fiber diameter of 0.3 ㎛ to 7 ㎛ and at least one continuous long fiber layer (S) having an average fiber diameter of 10 ㎛ to 30 ㎛ are integrated, and the bonding area ratio between the ultrafine fiber layer (M) and the continuous long fiber layer (S) is 45% to 80%, and Domestic patent registration No. 10-2586119 discloses a method for spraying polyurethane foam inside a tire, which enables spraying polyurethane foam inside a tire, so that a separate adhesive is not required, and thus work efficiency is excellent and productivity is improved, while sound insulation is achieved by sealing the porous cells inside the foam, and sound absorption is achieved in the pores on the surface of the foam, thereby exhibiting sound insulation and sound absorption effects, thereby reducing noise. There is. Domestic patent registration No. 10-2469327 discloses a tire sound-absorbing material characterized in that the polyurethane foam may have a viscosity of 1,300 to 1,700 cps at 25°C, the polyurethane foam has a moisture content of 2 to 4 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane foam, and a primer is applied between the inner side of the tread and the sound-absorbing material.

그러나, 기존의 소음 및 진동 차단용 적층체는 특정 주파수 대역에서의 소음 성능이 제한적이거나, 각 요소들간 결합 강도가 약하여 차량, 군용 장비와 같이 극한 환경에서 성능이 저하되는 문제가 제기되어 왔다. 따라서, 다양한 주파수 대역에서도 소음과 진동을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있고, 또한, 내구성을 강화할 뿐만 아니라 난연성, 경량화, 복원력을 확보할 수 있는 새로운 설계의 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체 기술이 요구되고 있다.However, existing noise and vibration blocking laminates have been raised as having problems in that their noise performance is limited in a specific frequency band or their bonding strength between each element is weak, which results in poor performance in extreme environments such as vehicles and military equipment. Therefore, a new design of noise and vibration blocking composite laminate technology that can effectively control noise and vibration in various frequency bands, and also enhance durability as well as secure flame retardancy, weight reduction, and resilience is required.

따라서, 본 발명은 통기성과 난연성을 지닌 부직포, 타공 구조를 가진 폼, 폴리우레탄 발포체와 같은 소음 흡수 소재와 이를 뒷받침하는 제진특성이 우수한 층, 알루미늄 호일 및 부틸고무판 등의 복합 구조를 적층하여 특정 운용 조건에서도 높은 차음성과 안정성을 유지할 수 있고 또한, 효과적인 에너지 분산 및 흡수 과정을 통해 소음과 진동을 동시에 해결할 수 있는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체를 제시하고자 한다. Accordingly, the present invention proposes a composite laminate for blocking noise and vibration, which can maintain high sound insulation and stability even under specific operating conditions by laminating a noise-absorbing material such as a non-woven fabric with breathable and flame retardancy, a foam with a perforated structure, a polyurethane foam, and a layer with excellent vibration-damping properties supporting the same, a composite structure such as aluminum foil and butyl rubber plate, and can simultaneously resolve noise and vibration through an effective energy dispersion and absorption process.

1. 국내등록특허 제10-0289735호1. Domestic registration patent No. 10-0289735 2. 국내등록특허 제10-1368864호2. Domestic registration patent No. 10-1368864 3. 국내등록특허 제10-2271926호3. Domestic registration patent No. 10-2271926 4. 국내등록특허 제10-2604135호4. Domestic registration patent No. 10-2604135 5. 국내등록특허 제10-2343534호5. Domestic registration patent No. 10-2343534 6. 국내등록특허 제10-2586119호6. Domestic registration patent No. 10-2586119 7. 국내등록특허 제10-2469327호7. Domestic registration patent No. 10-2469327

특수차량, 궤도형 차량, 철도차량, 군 장비와 같은 특수 목적의 차량 및 장비에서는 운행 중 발생하는 높은 수준의 소음과 진동이 주요한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 이는 탑승자의 피로도 증가, 작업 효율 저하, 그리고 장비의 내구성 저하와 같은 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 이러한 소음과 진동은 장비 내부뿐만 아니라 외부로도 전달되어 주변 환경에 악영향을 끼칠 수 있다. 특히, 특수차량 및 궤도형 특수장비는 일반 차량에 비해 더욱 까다로운 환경에서 운용되므로, 효과적으로 소음과 진동을 차단할 수 있는 기술적 대안 마련이 필수적이다.In special purpose vehicles and equipment such as special vehicles, tracked vehicles, railway vehicles, and military equipment, high levels of noise and vibration generated during operation are emerging as major problems. This has negative effects such as increased fatigue of passengers, decreased work efficiency, and decreased durability of equipment. This noise and vibration can be transmitted not only inside the equipment but also outside, and can have a negative effect on the surrounding environment. In particular, special vehicles and tracked special equipment are operated in more demanding environments than general vehicles, so it is essential to develop technical alternatives that can effectively block noise and vibration.

종래의 소음 및 진동 차단 기술은 단일 재료나 단순한 적층 구조를 활용하여 진동을 흡수하거나 소음을 차단하려 했으나, 이러한 방식은 다양한 운행 조건에서 요구되는 성능을 충족하지 못하는 한계를 지니고 있다. 또한, 기존 기술은 소재 간의 접착력 저하, 난연성 부족 또는 장기적 내구성 문제로 인해 특수장비와 같은 혹독한 환경에서 효율적으로 작동하지 못하는 경우가 많다.Conventional noise and vibration blocking technologies have attempted to absorb vibration or block noise by utilizing a single material or a simple laminated structure, but these methods have limitations in not meeting the performance required under various operating conditions. In addition, existing technologies often do not operate effectively in harsh environments such as special equipment due to poor adhesion between materials, lack of flame retardancy, or long-term durability issues.

따라서, 본 발명은 기존 기술의 한계를 극복하고 특수차량 및 궤도형 장비에서 발생되는 소음과 진동을 효과적으로 흡수하거나 차단하며, 고강도, 내구성, 난연성을 동시에 만족시킬 수 있는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체를 제공하는 것을 과제로 한다. 특히, 다양한 재료 층의 효율적 조합을 통해 소음 및 진동을 최대한 억제하고, 내구성과 환경 적응성을 확보하며, 산업적 활용성을 극대화하고자 한다.Accordingly, the present invention aims to overcome the limitations of existing technologies and to provide a composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking that effectively absorbs or blocks noise and vibration generated from special vehicles and tracked equipment and simultaneously satisfies high strength, durability, and flame retardancy. In particular, the present invention aims to suppress noise and vibration as much as possible, secure durability and environmental adaptability, and maximize industrial usability through an efficient combination of various material layers.

상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 장비들어서 발생되는 소음 및 진동을 효과적으로 흡수하거나 차단하기 위하여 설계된 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체를 제공한다. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking designed to effectively absorb or block noise and vibration generated by equipment.

상기 복합 적층체는 부직포, 타공폼, 폴리우레탄 발포체, 제진층, 알루미늄 호일, 부틸고무판, 양면테이프, 이형지를 포함하는 다층 구조로 구성되며, 각 층이 상호 보완적으로 소음 차단 및 진동 흡수 성능을 극대화하도록 설계되었다.The above composite laminate is composed of a multilayer structure including non-woven fabric, perforated foam, polyurethane foam, vibration-damping layer, aluminum foil, butyl rubber plate, double-sided tape, and release paper, and each layer is designed to complement each other to maximize noise-blocking and vibration-absorbing performance.

본 발명의 부직포는 직포, 폴리에스터(PET), 폴리프로필렌(PP) 또는 아라미드 부직포로 이루어지며 통기성과 난연성을 가지고 있다.The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is made of woven fabric, polyester (PET), polypropylene (PP) or aramid nonwoven fabric and has breathability and flame retardancy.

타공폼은 깊이가 3mm ∼ 20mm 이고 직경이 3mm ∼ 10mm로 설계된 타공 구조에 기반한 폴리에틸렌 폼이나 멜라민 발포체로 이루어져 있고, 폴리우레탄 발포체는 오픈셀폼 또는 하이브리드 발포체 형태를 기반으로 하여 변형 후 복원력이 균일한 기포 구조를 가지는 폴리우레탄 발포체, 에틸렌비닐아세테이트(EVA) 기반으로 이루어진 소음 및 진동을 흡수하는 제진층, 부틸 고무로 구성되어 효과적인 차음 기능을 수행하는 차음재, 그리고, 0.1mm ∼ 0.5mm 두께의 알루미늄 호일과 양면테이프 및 이형제로 구성되어 있다. The perforated foam is made of polyethylene foam or melamine foam based on a perforated structure designed to have a depth of 3 mm to 20 mm and a diameter of 3 mm to 10 mm, the polyurethane foam is based on an open-cell foam or hybrid foam form and has a uniform cell structure with restoring force after deformation, a noise and vibration absorbing damping layer made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) based, a soundproofing material made of butyl rubber to perform an effective soundproofing function, and aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, double-sided tape, and a release agent.

본 발명은 직포, 폴리에스터(PET), 폴리프로필렌(PP) 또는 아라미드 부직포로 이루어진 난연성 및 통기성을 가진 부직포가 적용됨으로써 가벼운에도 불구하고 기계적 마찰 및 물리적 손상에 강인성을 가지며 내구성이 우수하다. 특히 상기 부직포는 UL94 V-0 이상의 난연 등급을 충족함으로써 화재 위험 환경에서도 안전성을 보장할 수 있다.The present invention applies a flame-retardant and breathable nonwoven fabric made of woven fabric, polyester (PET), polypropylene (PP) or aramid nonwoven fabric, so that despite being light, it is strong against mechanical friction and physical damage and has excellent durability. In particular, the nonwoven fabric satisfies a flame retardancy rating of UL94 V-0 or higher, so that safety can be guaranteed even in a fire-hazardous environment.

또한, 타공 구조를 가지며 중·고주파 소음(500Hz 이상의 소음) 흡수에 최적화된 타공폼은 주변 환경에서 발생하는 불규칙적이고 높은 주파수의 소음을 효과적으로 저감시킬 수 있다. 사용된 폴리우레탄 발포체 역시 오픈셀 구조 및 하이브리드 발포체 형태를 채용하여 진동 에너지를 감소시키는 동시에 소음을 효율적으로 차단한다. 특히, 기포 내부에 공기 저항을 생성함으로써 복원력이 우수하고 진동 흡수 성능이 강화된다.In addition, the perforated foam, which has a perforated structure and is optimized for absorbing mid- and high-frequency noise (noise above 500 Hz), can effectively reduce irregular and high-frequency noises occurring in the surrounding environment. The polyurethane foam used also adopts an open-cell structure and a hybrid foam form to reduce vibration energy and efficiently block noise. In particular, by generating air resistance inside the bubbles, the restoring force is excellent and the vibration absorption performance is enhanced.

EVA와 같은 제진층은 에틸렌비닐아세테이트(EVA), 탄산칼슘(CaCO₃), 카본 블랙(Carbon Black), 아조디카보나마이드(Azodicarbonamide), 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드(Dicumyl Peroxide)로 조성되어 있어 소음 및 진동을 더욱 효과적으로 흡수 및 분산한다. 특히, 아조디카보나마이드는 난분해성 열분해 과정을 통해 질소(N₂) 및 이산화탄소(CO₂)를 방출하여 EVA 매트릭스 내부에 미세 기공 구조를 형성함으로써 내부의 공기 흐름 및 소음 흡수 능력을 더욱 향상시킨다. 더불어 EVA의 유연성이 고무와 유사하여 진동 흡수 및 분산 효과가 극대화된다.Damping layers such as EVA are composed of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), carbon black, azodicarbonamide, and dicumyl peroxide to more effectively absorb and disperse noise and vibration. In particular, azodicarbonamide releases nitrogen (N₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) through a non-decomposable pyrolysis process, which forms a microporous structure inside the EVA matrix, further improving the internal air flow and noise absorption capacity. In addition, since the flexibility of EVA is similar to rubber, the vibration absorption and dispersion effect is maximized.

또한, 부틸 고무 차음재가 포함됨에 따라 우수한 차음 특성이 추가적으로 발휘된다. 부틸 고무는 흡음과 차음이 모두 가능한 특성을 가짐으로써 소음 차단 성능을 크게 향상시키며, 알루미늄 호일로 복합 적층되어 열 반사 및 물리적 보호 능력을 갖춘다. 알루미늄 호일은 내구성을 높이는 동시에 외부 충격이나 열에 강한 대응력을 제공한다.In addition, excellent sound insulation properties are additionally demonstrated by the inclusion of butyl rubber sound insulation material. Butyl rubber has both sound absorption and sound insulation properties, which greatly improves noise blocking performance, and is laminated with aluminum foil to provide heat reflection and physical protection capabilities. Aluminum foil increases durability while providing strong response to external impact or heat.

이러한 구성 요소들 간의 강력한 접착 및 복합 적층 구조로 인해 복합체는 특수차량, 궤도형 차량, 군용 장비, 고소음 환경에서 성능 저하를 최소화하며, 소음과 진동을 동시에 효과적으로 억제할 뿐만 아니라 높은 내구성을 유지한다. 특히, 복합 적층체의 각 층이 상호 보완적으로 작용함으로써 소음 및 진동 차단 능력이 더욱 극대화시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다. Due to the strong bonding and composite laminate structure between these components, the composite minimizes performance degradation in special vehicles, tracked vehicles, military equipment, and high-noise environments, effectively suppresses noise and vibration simultaneously, and maintains high durability. In particular, since each layer of the composite laminate works complementarily, the noise and vibration blocking ability can be further maximized.

도 1은 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체의 전체 층 구조를 나타낸 사시도이다. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the entire layer structure of a composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체는 부직포(100), 타공폼(200), 폴리우레탄 발포체(300), 제진층(400), 알루미늄 호일(500), 부틸 고무판(600), 양면 테이프(700) 및 이형지(800)로 구성되어 있다.Referring to FIG. 1, a composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking according to an embodiment of the present invention is composed of a nonwoven fabric (100), a perforated foam (200), a polyurethane foam (300), a vibration-damping layer (400), aluminum foil (500), a butyl rubber plate (600), a double-sided tape (700), and a release paper (800).

먼저 복합 적층체의 가장 외부에는 통기성과 난연성을 가지며 두께가 0.3mm ∼ 0.7mm로 설정된 부직포(100)가 배치된다. 상기 부직포는 직포, 폴리에스터(PET), 폴리프로필렌(PP) 또는 아라미드(Aramid) 소재로 이루어져 있어, 불연성이 높고 내구성이 강하며, 소음 차단뿐만 아니라 외부 환경의 영향을 최소화할 수 있는 특징을 가진다.First, a nonwoven fabric (100) having breathability and flame retardancy and a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm is placed on the outermost part of the composite laminate. The nonwoven fabric is made of woven fabric, polyester (PET), polypropylene (PP), or aramid, and is highly flame retardant and durable, and has the characteristics of being able to minimize the influence of the external environment as well as blocking noise.

그 아래에는 소음을 추가적으로 감쇠시키기 위하여 타공폼이 적층된다. 이 타공폼(200)은 일정한 크기의 구멍이 격자 구조로 형성된 폼으로, 깊이는 3mm ∼ 20mm, 구멍의 직경은 3mm ∼ 10mm로 설계된다. 타공폼(200)에서 사용되는 소재는 폴리에틸렌 폼 또는 멜라민 발포체로 구성되며, 미세 공극 구조를 통해 소음을 효과적으로 분산시키고 진동을 완화시킨다.Below that, a perforated foam is laminated to further attenuate noise. This perforated foam (200) is a foam in which holes of a certain size are formed in a lattice structure, and is designed to have a depth of 3 mm to 20 mm and a hole diameter of 3 mm to 10 mm. The material used in the perforated foam (200) is composed of polyethylene foam or melamine foam, and effectively disperses noise and alleviates vibration through the micropore structure.

또한, 복합 적층체 내부에는 폴리우레탄 발포체(300)가 포함되어 있으며, 이 발포체는 오픈셀(Open-Cell) 구조 또는 하이브리드형 폼 구조로 설계된다. 폴리우레탄 발포체(300)는 내부의 기포 구조를 통해 공기 저항을 증가시키는 방식으로 진동 에너지를 감소시키며, 소음과 진동 흡수에서 중요한 역할을 하며, 본 발명의 폴리우레탄 발포체(300)의 구조는 복합 적층체의 성능을 향상시키는데 크게 기여한다.In addition, polyurethane foam (300) is included inside the composite laminate, and this foam is designed as an open-cell structure or a hybrid foam structure. The polyurethane foam (300) reduces vibration energy by increasing air resistance through the internal bubble structure, and plays an important role in noise and vibration absorption, and the structure of the polyurethane foam (300) of the present invention greatly contributes to improving the performance of the composite laminate.

그 다음으로는 제진층(400)이 적층되며, 이 제진층(400)은 소음 전달을 효과적으로 줄이기 위해 복합재료로 이루어진다. 제진층은 에틸렌 비닐 아세테이트(EVA), 탄산칼슘(CaCO₃), 카본 블랙(Carbon Black), 아조디카보나마이드(Azodicarbonamide), 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드(Dicumyl Peroxide) 등을 혼합한 복합 소재로 구성된다. 에틸렌 비닐 아세테이트(EVA)에는 비닐 아세테이트(VA) 함량이 32 ∼ 40중량%로 포함되어 있어 유연성과 내구성이 우수하며, 탄산칼슘(CaCO₃)이 20 ∼ 30중량% 포함되어 강도를 높이고 소음 흡수 효율을 증대한다. 한편, 카본 블랙이 8 ∼ 10중량%, 아조디카보나마이드가 7 ∼ 10중량%, 그리고, 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드를 0.5 ∼ 01중량%가 함유되어 복합재의 강도를 높이고 발포를 통해 음향 특성을 강화하는 데 기여한다Next, a damping layer (400) is laminated, and this damping layer (400) is made of a composite material to effectively reduce noise transmission. The damping layer is made of a composite material mixed with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), carbon black, azodicarbonamide, dicumyl peroxide, etc. Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) contains 32 to 40 wt% of vinyl acetate (VA), so it has excellent flexibility and durability, and contains 20 to 30 wt% of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) to increase strength and enhance noise absorption efficiency. Meanwhile, carbon black is contained at 8 to 10 wt%, azodicarbonamide at 7 to 10 wt%, and dicumyl peroxide at 0.5 to 0.1 wt%, which contributes to increasing the strength of the composite and enhancing acoustic properties through foaming.

다음으로, 소음 및 진동 흡수 효율을 더욱 강화하기 위해 복합 적층체에는 부틸고무판(600)이 배치된다. 부틸고무판(600)을 적층함으로써 유연성과 감쇠 특성을 극대화하며, 외부 유동성 저항을 증가시켜 진동 감쇠 성능을 향상시킨다.Next, in order to further enhance noise and vibration absorption efficiency, butyl rubber plates (600) are placed on the composite laminate. By laminating the butyl rubber plates (600), flexibility and damping characteristics are maximized, and external fluid resistance is increased, thereby improving vibration damping performance.

상기 부틸고무판(600)의 상면에는 0.1mm ∼ 0.5mm 두께의 알루미늄 호일(500)이 적층된다. 알루미늄 호일은 밀폐성과 반사 특성을 가지고 있어 소음 차단의 역할을 하며, 동시에 고온 및 외부 기계적 충격으로부터 복합체를 보호한다. 그리고 알루미늄 호일(500)의 아래에는 양면테이프(700)가 부착되며, 이 양면테이프(700는 이형지(800)와 결합되어 적층체의 취급성과 설치 편의성을 높인다.On the upper surface of the above butyl rubber plate (600), an aluminum foil (500) having a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm is laminated. The aluminum foil has sealing and reflective properties, so it acts as a noise blocking agent, and at the same time, it protects the composite from high temperature and external mechanical impact. In addition, a double-sided tape (700) is attached to the bottom of the aluminum foil (500), and this double-sided tape (700) is combined with a release paper (800) to improve the handling and installation convenience of the laminate.

상기와 같이 본 발명의 복합 적층체는 소음 및 진동 완화 효과를 극대화하기 위하여 각 층이 특정 순서로 배열된다. 내부 구조는 부직포(100)가 최외부에 배치되고 그 아래로 타공폼(200), 폴리우레탄 발포체(300), 제진층(400), 알루미늄 호일(500), 부틸고무판(600) 순으로 배치된다. 이러한 배열은 각 층의 특성이 상호 보완적으로 작용함으로써 소음 및 진동 흡수 효율을 최적화하며, 복합체의 전체적인 성능을 향상시키며, 본 발명의 복합 적층체는 특수차량 및 궤도형 장비뿐만 아니라 다양한 소음 및 진동 문제를 가진 환경에서 적용 가능하며, 높은 내구성과 효율적 흡수 특성을 제공하여 소음 및 진동 제어에 기여할 수 있다.As described above, the composite laminate of the present invention is arranged in a specific order in order to maximize the noise and vibration reduction effect. In the internal structure, the non-woven fabric (100) is arranged on the outermost side, and below that, the perforated foam (200), polyurethane foam (300), vibration damping layer (400), aluminum foil (500), and butyl rubber plate (600) are arranged in that order. This arrangement optimizes the noise and vibration absorption efficiency by allowing the characteristics of each layer to work complementarily, and improves the overall performance of the composite. The composite laminate of the present invention can be applied to various environments with noise and vibration problems as well as special vehicles and tracked equipment, and can contribute to noise and vibration control by providing high durability and efficient absorption characteristics.

100 : 부직포층 200 : 타공폼층 300 : 폴리우레탄 발포체층
400 : 제진층 500 : 알루미늄 호일층 600 : 부틸 고무판층
700 : 양면 테이 800 : 이형지층100: Non-woven layer 200: Perforated foam layer 300: Polyurethane foam layer
400: Damping layer 500: Aluminum foil layer 600: Butyl rubber plate layer
700 : Double-sided tape 800 : Heterogeneous layer

Claims (8)

통기성과 난연성을 갖는 직포, 폴리에스터(PET), 폴리프로필렌(PP) 또는 아라미드 부직포;
깊이 3mm ∼ 20mm이고, 직경 3mm ∼ 10mm으로 설계된 타공 구조를 가지며 폴리에틸렌 폼 또는 멜라민 발포체로 이루어진 타공폼;
오픈셀 폼 또는 하이브리드 발포체 형태를 가지며 변형 후 복원력이 우수한 기포 구조로 이루어진 폴리우레탄 발포체;
에틸렌비닐아세테이트(EVA) 기반으로 이루어지며 소음 및 진동을 흡수하는 제진층; 부틸 고무로 구성된 부틸 고무 차음재; 0.1mm ∼ 0.5mm 두께의 알루미늄 호일; 및
양면테이핑이 처리된 이형지로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체.Woven fabric, polyester (PET), polypropylene (PP) or aramid nonwoven fabric with breathability and flame retardancy;
A perforated foam made of polyethylene foam or melamine foam, having a perforated structure designed to have a depth of 3 mm to 20 mm and a diameter of 3 mm to 10 mm;
Polyurethane foam having an open-cell foam or hybrid foam form and a cell structure with excellent resilience after deformation;
A damping layer based on ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) that absorbs noise and vibration; a butyl rubber soundproofing material composed of butyl rubber; an aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm; and
A composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking characterized by comprising a release paper treated with double-sided tape. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 부직포는 두께가 0.3mm ∼ 0.7mm이며 UL94 V-0 이상의 난연 등급을 충족하고, 기계적 마찰이나 물리적 손상에 강인성을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체.In the first paragraph,
The above nonwoven fabric is a composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking characterized by having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm, satisfying a flame retardancy rating of UL94 V-0 or higher, and having strength against mechanical friction or physical damage. 삭제delete 제1항에 있어서,
상기 폴리우레탄 발포체가 기포 내부에 공기 저항을 생성하여 진동 에너지를 감소시키고 소음 및 진동 차단 성능을 강화하는 오픈셀 구조를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체.In the first paragraph,
A composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking, characterized in that the polyurethane foam has an open-cell structure that generates air resistance inside the bubbles to reduce vibration energy and enhance noise and vibration blocking performance. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제진층이 에틸렌비닐아세테이트(EVA), 탄산칼슘(CaCO₃), 카본 블랙(Carbon Black), 아조디카보나마이드(Azodicarbonamide), 디큐밀 퍼옥사이드(Dicumyl Peroxide)를 혼합한 조성물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체.In the first paragraph,
A composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking, characterized in that the damping layer comprises a composition mixed with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), carbon black, azodicarbonamide, and dicumyl peroxide. 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 에틸렌비닐아세테이트가 고무와 유사한 유연성을 제공하여 진동 에너지를 효과적으로 흡수하고 분산시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체.In paragraph 5,
A composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking, characterized in that the above ethylene vinyl acetate provides flexibility similar to rubber, thereby effectively absorbing and dissipating vibration energy. 제5항에 있어서,
상기 아조디카보나마이드가 분해 시 질소(N₂) 및 이산화탄소(CO₂)를 방출하여 EVA 매트릭스 내부에 미세한 기공 구조를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체.In paragraph 5,
A composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking, characterized in that the azodicarbonamide releases nitrogen (N₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) when decomposed, thereby forming a fine pore structure inside the EVA matrix. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합 적층체 구성 요소가 서로 강하게 접착되어 특수차량, 궤도형 차량, 군용 장비 및 소음 환경에서의 성능 저하를 최소화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 소음 및 진동 차단용 복합 적층체.In the first paragraph,
A composite laminate for noise and vibration blocking, characterized in that the composite laminate components are strongly bonded to each other to minimize performance degradation in special vehicles, tracked vehicles, military equipment, and noisy environments.
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