KR19990077367A - 개선된 핀홀 특성을 갖는 종이 및 이를 제조하기 위한 제지 벨트 - Google Patents
개선된 핀홀 특성을 갖는 종이 및 이를 제조하기 위한 제지 벨트 Download PDFInfo
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- KR19990077367A KR19990077367A KR1019980705516A KR19980705516A KR19990077367A KR 19990077367 A KR19990077367 A KR 19990077367A KR 1019980705516 A KR1019980705516 A KR 1019980705516A KR 19980705516 A KR19980705516 A KR 19980705516A KR 19990077367 A KR19990077367 A KR 19990077367A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/10—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation for articles of indefinite length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/14—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C39/148—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length characterised by the shape of the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/14—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C39/18—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/222—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length characterised by the shape of the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/28—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D29/00—Producing belts or bands
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
- D21F11/006—Making patterned paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0827—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0002—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/733—Fourdrinier belts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/90—Papermaking press felts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
| 보강물의 종류 | 섬유 지지 지수 | 초과 적재물 높이(밀) | 벨트 공기 투과도(cfm) | 망상조직 영역(%) | 캘린더링되지 않은 칼리퍼(밀) | 100in2당 핀홀의 개수 | 핀홀 영역(밀2/100in2) |
| PVT-533 | 94 | 7.5 | 487 | 40 | 23.5 | 9,646 | 654,484 |
| PVT-533 | 94 | 2.9 | 477 | 40 | 19.0 | 2,671 | 121,631 |
| PVT-543 | 94 | 3.1 | 453 | 35 | 17.9 | 2,045 | 86,377 |
| PVT-543 | 94 | 4.9 | 494 | 35 | 20.5 | 2,284 | 100,101 |
| 보강물의 종류 | 섬유 지지 지수 | 초과 적재물 높이(밀) | 벨트 공기 투과도(cfm) | 망상조직 영역(%) | 캘린더링되지 않은 칼리퍼(밀) | 100in2당 핀홀의 개수 | 핀홀 영역(밀2/100in2) |
| HMT-502 | 69 | 11.4 | 488 | 40 | 20.8 | 10,134 | 584,128 |
| HMT-502 | 69 | 7.8 | 479 | 40 | 18.4 | 5,395 | 260,584 |
| HMT-502 | 69 | 3.9 | 532 | 40 | 15.6 | 1,101 | 42,908 |
| PVT-543 | 94 | 11.3 | 485 | 40 | 18.7 | 1,767 | 69,693 |
| PVT-543 | 94 | 9.1 | 425 | 40 | 17.9 | 3,514 | 142,039 |
| PVT-543 | 94 | 4.0 | 463 | 40 | 13.5 | 139 | 4,490 |
Claims (10)
- 종이-접촉면 및 이 종이 접촉면과 반대되는 배면;800cfm 이상의 공기 투과도 및 75 이상의 섬유 지지 지수(Fiber Support Index)를 갖는, 종이-대향면 및 이 종이-대향면과 반대되는 기계-대향면을 갖는 보강물(reinforcing structure); 및상기 보강물에 결합되고 보강물의 상기 종이-대향면으로부터 6.5 밀이하로 외향 연장되어 본질적으로 연속적인 망상조직(network)을 이루는 골조(framework)를 포함하는 제지 벨트로서,상기 골조는 상기 제지 벨트의 상기 종이-접촉면을 한정하는 제 1 표면, 이 제 1 표면과 반대되는 제 2 표면, 및 제 1 표면과 제 2 표면 사이에서 연장되는 굴절 도관(deflection conduit)을 갖고, 상기 제 1 표면은 종이측(paper-side) 망상조직 및 종이측 개구를 포함하고, 상기 제 2 표면은 배면 망상조직 및 배면 개구를 포함하고, 각 종이측 개구의 상당 부분이 상기 종이측 망상조직 수준에서 X-Y 평면에서 측정된 각 치수가 45밀 이상이며, 상기 종이측 개구 및 배면 개구가 굴절 도관을 한정하는 제지 벨트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,보강물이 다수의 기계횡방향 얀(yarn)과 인터위브(interweave)된 다수의 기계방향 얀을 포함하고, 바람직하게는 인터위브된 얀의 제 1 층 및 인터위브된 얀의 제 2 층을 포함하고, 이 제 1 층과 제 2 층은 실질적으로 서로 평행하고 타이 얀(tie yarn)에 의해 마주보게 접촉되어 상호연결됨을 특징으로 하는 제지 벨트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,보강물이 펠트를 포함함을 특징으로 하는 제지 벨트.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항중 어느 한 항에 있어서,종이측 개구가 비-랜덤한 반복 패턴, 바람직하게는 양방향 지그재그 배열을 포함하는 비-랜덤한 반복 패턴으로 상기 제 1 표면내에 위치됨을 특징으로 하는 제지 벨트.
- 제 4 항에 있어서,각 종이측 개구가 폐쇄된 형상을 가짐을 특징으로 하는 제지 벨트.
- 제 4 항 또는 제 5 항에 있어서,굴절 도관의 양이 80개/in2이하임을 특징으로 하는 제지 벨트.
- 종이-접촉면 및 이 종이 접촉면과 반대되는 배면;800cfm 이상의 공기 투과도 및 75 이상의 섬유 지지 지수를 갖는, 종이-대향면 및 이 종이-대향면과 반대되는 기계-대향면을 갖는 보강물; 및상기 보강물에 결합되고 보강물의 상기 종이-대향면으로부터 6.5 밀이하로 외향 연장된 골조를 포함하는 제지 벨트로서,상기 골조는 상기 제지 벨트의 상기 종이-접촉면을 한정하는 제 1 표면, 이 제 1 표면과 반대되는 제 2 표면, 및 제 1 표면과 제 2 표면 사이에서 연장되는 굴절 도관을 갖고, 상기 제 1 표면은 종이측 망상조직 및 종이측 개구를 포함하고, 상기 제 2 표면은 배면 망상조직 및 배면 개구를 포함하고, 각 종이측 개구의 상당 부분이 상기 종이측 망상조직 수준에서 X-Y 평면에서 측정된 각 치수가 45밀 이상이며, 상기 종이측 개구 및 배면 개구가 굴절 도관을 한정하고, 보강물이 종이-대향면의 얀 직경의 1.5배 이내의 상부 부동 중심(dead center) 길이(longitude)를 갖는 다수의 인터위브된 얀의 제 1 층 및 다수의 인터위브된 얀의 제 2 층을 포함하고, 이 제 1 층과 제 2 층은 서로 실질적으로 평행하고 타이 얀에 의해서 마주보게 접촉되어 상호연결된 제지 벨트.
- 두 개의 영역인, 본질적으로 연속적이고 본질적으로 거시적으로 평평한 망상조직 영역, 및 이 망상조직 영역 전체에 분포되어 있고 이 영역에 의해 감싸지며 이 영역에 의해 서로 분리된 불연속적인 돔(dome)을 포함하는 돔 영역을 포함하고, 각 돔의 상당 부분이 상기 망상조직 영역 수준에서 X-Y 평면에서 측정된 각 치수가 45밀 이상이고, 상기 망상조직 영역의 밀도가 상기 돔 영역의 밀도보다 더 큰 종이 웹.
- 제 8 항에 있어서,돔이 반복 패턴, 바람직하게는 양방향 지그재그 배열을 포함하는 반복 패턴으로 분포되고, 더욱 바람직하게는 실질적으로 각각의 돔의 주변부가 폐쇄된 형상을 이룸을 특징으로 하는 종이 웹.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,돔의 양이 종이 웹 1in2당 80개 이하이고, 폐쇄된 형상이 바람직하게는 나비 넥타이형을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 종이 웹.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/588,643 US5679222A (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1996-01-19 | Paper having improved pinhole characteristics and papermaking belt for making the same |
| US8/588,643 | 1996-01-19 | ||
| PCT/US1997/000634 WO1997026407A1 (en) | 1996-01-19 | 1997-01-16 | Paper having improved pinhole characteristics and papermaking belt for making the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR19990077367A true KR19990077367A (ko) | 1999-10-25 |
| KR100288844B1 KR100288844B1 (ko) | 2001-05-02 |
Family
ID=24354700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019980705516A Expired - Fee Related KR100288844B1 (ko) | 1996-01-19 | 1997-01-16 | 개선된 핀홀 특성을 갖는 종이 및 이를 제조하기 위한 제지 벨트 |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5679222A (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP0874938B1 (ko) |
| JP (2) | JP3160295B2 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR100288844B1 (ko) |
| CN (2) | CN1082588C (ko) |
| AT (1) | ATE202169T1 (ko) |
| AU (1) | AU728265B2 (ko) |
| BR (1) | BR9707141A (ko) |
| CA (1) | CA2243322C (ko) |
| DE (1) | DE69705200T2 (ko) |
| ES (1) | ES2159837T3 (ko) |
| MY (1) | MY133810A (ko) |
| TW (1) | TW324757B (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO1997026407A1 (ko) |
| ZA (1) | ZA97368B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (154)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6103067A (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 2000-08-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermaking belt providing improved drying efficiency for cellulosic fibrous structures |
| US6110324A (en) * | 1998-06-25 | 2000-08-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermaking belt having reinforcing piles |
| US6149849A (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2000-11-21 | The Procter & Gamble Copmany | Process and apparatus for making papermaking belt |
| US6099781A (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-08-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermaking belt and process and apparatus for making same |
| US6251331B1 (en) | 1998-09-09 | 2001-06-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process and apparatus for making papermaking belt using fluid pressure differential |
| CN1138036C (zh) * | 1998-09-30 | 2004-02-11 | 宝洁公司 | 大厚度纸张以及生产所述纸张的造纸带 |
| EP1004703A1 (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-05-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Multi-ply tissue, and process for its manufacture |
| US20040045685A1 (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2004-03-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for the manufacture of multi-ply tissue |
| US6265052B1 (en) | 1999-02-09 | 2001-07-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper |
| US6358594B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2002-03-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermaking belt |
| US6344241B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2002-02-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process and apparatus for making papermaking belt using extrusion |
| US6501002B1 (en) | 1999-06-29 | 2002-12-31 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Disposable surface wipe article having a waste contamination sensor |
| US6447642B1 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2002-09-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermaking apparatus and process for removing water from a cellulosic web |
| US6602387B1 (en) | 1999-11-26 | 2003-08-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Thick and smooth multi-ply tissue |
| US6602577B1 (en) | 2000-10-03 | 2003-08-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Embossed cellulosic fibrous structure |
| US6576091B1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2003-06-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Multi-layer deflection member and process for making same |
| US6660129B1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2003-12-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fibrous structure having increased surface area |
| US6576090B1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2003-06-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Deflection member having suspended portions and process for making same |
| US6420100B1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2002-07-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making deflection member using three-dimensional mask |
| US6743571B1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2004-06-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Mask for differential curing and process for making same |
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| US3301746A (en) * | 1964-04-13 | 1967-01-31 | Procter & Gamble | Process for forming absorbent paper by imprinting a fabric knuckle pattern thereon prior to drying and paper thereof |
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1996
- 1996-01-19 US US08/588,643 patent/US5679222A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-01-16 CN CN97193083A patent/CN1082588C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-16 AT AT97902950T patent/ATE202169T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-01-16 JP JP52615097A patent/JP3160295B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-16 ES ES97902950T patent/ES2159837T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-16 KR KR1019980705516A patent/KR100288844B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-16 CA CA002243322A patent/CA2243322C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-16 ZA ZA97368A patent/ZA97368B/xx unknown
- 1997-01-16 WO PCT/US1997/000634 patent/WO1997026407A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-01-16 AU AU17006/97A patent/AU728265B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-01-16 BR BR9707141-2A patent/BR9707141A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-01-16 DE DE69705200T patent/DE69705200T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-16 TW TW086100436A patent/TW324757B/zh active
- 1997-01-16 EP EP97902950A patent/EP0874938B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-18 MY MYPI97000192A patent/MY133810A/en unknown
-
2000
- 2000-08-04 JP JP2000237137A patent/JP2001081699A/ja active Pending
-
2002
- 2002-02-09 CN CNB021045925A patent/CN1206406C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3160295B2 (ja) | 2001-04-25 |
| CA2243322C (en) | 2003-12-23 |
| WO1997026407A1 (en) | 1997-07-24 |
| ES2159837T3 (es) | 2001-10-16 |
| KR100288844B1 (ko) | 2001-05-02 |
| EP0874938A1 (en) | 1998-11-04 |
| ZA97368B (en) | 1997-07-17 |
| US5679222A (en) | 1997-10-21 |
| ATE202169T1 (de) | 2001-06-15 |
| JP2001081699A (ja) | 2001-03-27 |
| DE69705200T2 (de) | 2002-06-06 |
| DE69705200D1 (de) | 2001-07-19 |
| TW324757B (en) | 1998-01-11 |
| CA2243322A1 (en) | 1997-07-24 |
| CN1082588C (zh) | 2002-04-10 |
| EP0874938B1 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
| BR9707141A (pt) | 1999-09-21 |
| HK1016667A1 (en) | 1999-11-05 |
| CN1396341A (zh) | 2003-02-12 |
| JPH11502907A (ja) | 1999-03-09 |
| CN1206406C (zh) | 2005-06-15 |
| AU728265B2 (en) | 2001-01-04 |
| CN1213419A (zh) | 1999-04-07 |
| AU1700697A (en) | 1997-08-11 |
| MY133810A (en) | 2007-11-30 |
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