KR20120095964A - 컴팩트 손목을 구비한 수술 도구 - Google Patents
컴팩트 손목을 구비한 수술 도구 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20120095964A KR20120095964A KR1020127015018A KR20127015018A KR20120095964A KR 20120095964 A KR20120095964 A KR 20120095964A KR 1020127015018 A KR1020127015018 A KR 1020127015018A KR 20127015018 A KR20127015018 A KR 20127015018A KR 20120095964 A KR20120095964 A KR 20120095964A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/18—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth
- F16D3/185—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth radial teeth connecting concentric inner and outer coupling parts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/285—Surgical forceps combined with cutting implements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
- A61B34/37—Leader-follower robots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/70—Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/71—Manipulators operated by drive cable mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00526—Methods of manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
- A61B2034/305—Details of wrist mechanisms at distal ends of robotic arms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S901/00—Robots
- Y10S901/27—Arm part
- Y10S901/28—Joint
- Y10S901/29—Wrist
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 많은 구체예에 따른, 로봇 수술 시스템의 의사 제어 콘솔의 투시도이다.
도 3은 많은 구체예에 따른, 로봇 수술 시스템 전자 카트의 투시도이다.
도 4는 많은 구체예에 따른, 로봇 수술 시스템의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 5a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 로봇 수술 시스템의 환자측 카트(수술 로봇)의 정면도이다.
도 5b는 로봇 수술 도구의 정면도이다.
도 6은 많은 구체예에 따른, 단부 작동기 바디와 기구 샤프트를 연결하는 2 자유도 손목의 투시도이다.
도 7은 많은 구체예에 따른, 손목의 중간 부재와 손목의 지지 부재 사이의 회전 자유도와 중간 부재와 단부 작동기 바디 사이의 회전 자유도를 예시하는, 도 6의 2 자유도 손목의 투시도이다.
도 8a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 지지 부재 케이블 안내 표면 및 중간 부재 케이블 안내 표면의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 8b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 중간 부재 케이블 안내 표면의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 9는 많은 구체예에 따른, 제어 케이블을 안내하는 내부 통로로의 진입구를 예시하는, 도 6 및 7의 지지 부재의 단부도이다.
도 10은 많은 구체예에 따른, 2 자유도 손목의 대향 측면들에 인접한 가동 시스템 구성요소들의 경로 및 2 자유도 손목을 통한 제어 케이블들의 경로를 예시하는, 도 6 및 7의 2 자유도 손목의 투시도이다.
도 11a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 도 6 및 7의 2 자유도 손목의 중간 부재와 지지 부재 사이의 밀착된 접촉을 제한하는 각진 배향을 예시하는 측면도이다.
도 11b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 도 6 및 7의 2 자유도 손목의 중간 부재와 단부 작동기 바디 사이의 밀착된 접촉을 제한하는 각진 배향을 예시하는 측면도이다.
도 12는 많은 구체예에 따른, 수술 조립체의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 13a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 2 자유도 관절을 통해 제 1 링크와 제 2 링크가 연결된 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이며, 제 2 링크는 링크된 견인 부재와 연결된 곡선 부분 부착 특징부를 포함하고, 보는 방향은 2 자유도 관절의 제 2 축과 평행하다.
도 13b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 통상의 중심선에 대해 고정된 곡률 중심을 가진 곡선 부분을 갖는 부착 특징부를 도식적으로 예시한다.
도 13c는 도 13b의 단면 A-A를 도시한다.
도 13d는 많은 구체예에 따른, 제 2 축을 중심으로 회전된 제 2 링크를 도시하는, 도 13a의 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 13e는 많은 구체예에 따른, 도 13a 및 13d의 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이며, 보는 방향은 2 자유도 관절의 제 1 축과 평행하다.
도 13f는 많은 구체예에 따른, 제 1 축을 중심으로 회전된 제 2 링크를 도시하는, 도 13a, 13d 및 13e의 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 13g는 많은 구체예에 따른, 2 자유도 관절을 통해 제 1 링크와 연결된 제 2 링크를 가진 수술 도구의 투시도이며, 제 2 링크는 링크된 견인 부재와 연결된 곡선 부분 부착 특징부를 포함한다.
도 13h는 많은 구체예에 따른, 2 자유도 관절의 제 1 축을 중심으로 제 2 링크의 60도 배향을 도시하는, 도 13g의 수술 도구의 측면도이다.
도 13i는 많은 구체예에 따른, 2 자유도 관절의 제 2 축을 중심으로 제 2 링크의 30도 배향을 도시하는, 도 13g 및 13h의 수술 도구의 측면도이다.
도 14a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 2 자유도 관절을 통해 제 1 링크와 연결된 제 2 링크를 가진 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이며, 제 2 링크는 곡선 부분 단부를 가진 링크된 견인 부재와 연결된 부착 러그를 포함하고, 보는 방향은 2 자유도 관절의 제 2 축과 평행하다.
도 14b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 제 2 축을 중심으로 회전된 제 2 링크를 도시하는, 도 14a의 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 14c는 많은 구체예에 따른, 도 14a 및 14b의 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이며, 보는 방향은 2 자유도 관절의 제 1 축과 평행하다.
도 14d는 많은 구체예에 따른, 제 1 축을 중심으로 회전된 제 2 링크를 도시하는, 도 14a, 14b 및 14c의 수술 도구의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 14e는 많은 구체예에 따른, 2 자유도 관절을 통해 제 1 링크와 연결된 제 2 링크를 가진 수술 도구의 투시도이며, 제 2 링크는 곡선 부분 단부를 가진 링크된 견인 부재와 연결된 부착 러그를 포함한다.
도 15는 많은 구체예에 따른, 수술 도구를 제조하기 위한 방법의 단순화된 순서도이다.
도 16은 많은 구체예에 따른, 수술 조립체의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 17은 많은 구체예에 따른, 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 메커니즘을 가진 도구 조립체의 단순화된 도식도이다.
도 18은 많은 구체예에 따른, 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트가 일렬인 구성형태에서 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 메커니즘의 측면도이다.
도 19a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 일렬 구성형태에서 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트의 맞물린 구형 기어 톱니 사이의 맞물림을 예시하는, 도 18의 메커니즘의 단면도이다.
도 19b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 각진 구성형태에서 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트의 맞물린 구형 기어 톱니 사이의 맞물림을 예시하는, 도 18 및 19a의 메커니즘의 단면도이다.
도 19c는 많은 구체예에 따른, 다른 샤프트 각도 구속 구성형태를 예시한다.
도 19d는 많은 구체예에 따른, 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트에서 핀 수용 횡단 슬롯의 구성형태를 예시하는, 도 18, 19a 및 19b의 메커니즘의 단면도이다.
도 20은 도 18, 19a, 19b 및 19d의 구동 샤프트 및 피구동 샤프트의 투시도를 모은 것이다.
도 21a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 연결 핀에 법선인 방향에서 본 도 18, 19a, 19b 및 19c의 메커니즘의 측면도이다.
도 21b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 연결 핀에 평행한 방향에서 본 도 18, 19a, 19b, 19c 및 21a의 메커니즘의 측면도이다.
도 22a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 샤프트 각도 구속을 제공하도록 구성된 여러 열의 구형 기어 톱니를 가진 구동 샤프트 및 피구동 샤프트의 투시도이다.
도 22b는 기어 톱니 단면 및 기어 톱니의 구형 배열을 예시하는, 도 22a의 구동 샤프트 및 피구동 샤프트의 단면도/투시도이다.
도 23a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 이중 십자형 핀 디자인을 가진 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 메커니즘의 측면도이다.
도 23b는 연결 부재가 없는 도 23a의 메커니즘의 측면도이다.
도 23c는 도 23a 및 23b의 메커니즘의 단면도이다.
도 23d는 구동 샤프트 및 피구동 샤프트 각각에서 십자형 핀 수용 내경을 도시하는, 도 23a, 23b 및 23c의 구동 샤프트 및 피구동 샤프트의 투시도이다.
도 23e는 구동 샤프트 및 피구동 샤프트 각각에서 핀 수용 횡단 슬롯의 구성형태를 예시하는, 도 23a, 23b, 23c 및 23d의 구동 샤프트 및 피구동 샤프트의 투시도이다.
도 24a는 많은 구체예에 따른, 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 메커니즘의 단순화된 도식도이며, 여기서 슬롯과 상호작용하는 돌출부가 구동 샤프트와 연결 부재 사이의 회전 동작 및 연결 부재와 피구동 샤프트 사이의 회전 동작을 전달한다.
도 24b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 돌출부와 평행한 방향에서 본 도 24a의 메커니즘의 도면이다.
도 24c는 많은 구체예에 따른, 2개 부품의 연결 부재를 상세히 예시하는, 돌출부에 법선인 방향에서 본 도 24a 및 24b의 메커니즘의 도면이다.
도 24d는 많은 구체예에 따른, 각진 구성형태의 도 24a, 24b 및 24c의 메커니즘을 예시한다.
도 25a 및 25b는 많은 구체예에 따른, 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 메커니즘의 단순화된 도식도이며, 여기서 변형된 U-관절 연결 부재가 구동 샤프트와 연결 부재 사이의 회전 동작 및 연결 부재와 피구동 샤프트 사이의 회전 동작을 전달한다.
도 26은 많은 구체예에 따른, 가진 컴팩트한 손목 디자인을 예시하며, 이것은 링크된 견인 부재에 의해 관절화되는 2 자유도 손목, 및 손목을 가로질러 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 이중 만능 관절을 가진다.
Claims (65)
- 근단부, 원단부 및 이들 사이의 내경을 가지며, 기구 샤프트 축을 갖는 관형 기구 샤프트;
단부 작동기 바디를 포함하는 단부 작동기;
샤프트의 원단부에 선회가능하게 연결되고, 단부 작동기 바디에 선회가능하게 연결된 중간 손목 부재; 및
단부 작동기 바디를 배향하고 단부 작동기를 가동하도록 샤프트의 내경을 통해 원위 쪽으로 연장된 가동 시스템
을 포함하는 최소 침습 수술 도구로서,
샤프트에 대해 중간 바디를 선회시켜 샤프트에 대해 제 1 축을 중심으로 중간 부재를 배향하고, 중간 부재에 대해 단부 작동기 바디를 선회시켜 중간 부재에 대해 제 2 축을 중심으로 단부 작동기 바디를 배향하며, 제 1 축은 샤프트 축을 횡단하고, 제 2 축은 제 1 축을 횡단하며, 중간 부재는 제 1 축을 따른 외부 너비 및 제 2 축을 따른 외부 길이를 가지고, 길이는 너비와 상당히 상이하며, 이로써 중간 부재는 기다란 단면을 가지고,
가동 시스템의 일부는 샤프트와 단부 작동기 바디 사이에서 중간 부재의 기다란 단면으로부터 외측 분리된 최소 침습 수술 도구. - 제 1 항에 있어서, 중간 부재의 너비는 중간 부재의 길이의 1/4 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 제 1 축과 제 2 축은 동일 평면에서 2mm 이내에 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 3 항에 있어서, 제 1 축과 제 2 축은 동일 평면에 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 샤프트를 중간 부재에 선회가능하게 연결하는 제 1 관절, 및 중간 부재를 단부 작동기 바디에 선회가능하게 연결하는 제 2 관절을 더 포함하며, 제 1 관절은 중간 부재의 너비 안에서 제 1 축을 따라 연장된 단일 선회 샤프트를 포함하고, 이로써 제 1 관절이 가동 시스템의 외측 분리된 부분의 분명한 샤프트와 단부 작동기 바디 사이의 중앙 영역 안에 배치되며, 제 2 관절은 제 2 축을 따라 분리된 제 1 및 제 2 공축 선회 샤프트를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 중간 부재는 기구 샤프트와 단부 작동기 바디 사이에, 그리고 제 2 조인트의 공축 선회 샤프트들 사이에 가동 시스템의 제어 케이블을 안내하기 위한 내부 통로를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 기구 샤프트에 고정돼 연결되고, 제 1 축을 중심으로 회전하도록 중간 부재에 선회가능하게 연결된 지지 부재를 더 포함하며, 지지 부재는 기구 샤프트의 내경과 단부 작동기 바디 사이에 이어진 가동 시스템의 제어 케이블을 안내하기 위한 내부 통로를 포함하고, 안내 표면은 제 1 및 제 2 축을 중심으로 선회하는 동안 케이블 장력의 변화가 억제되도록 제어 케이블을 구속하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가동 시스템의 외측 분리된 부분은 단부 작동기의 제 1 가동 메커니즘을 구동시키기 위한 제 1 회전가능한 구동 샤프트를 포함하고, 제 1 구동 샤프트는 중간 부재의 제 1 측면에 인접하여 지나가도록 단부 작동기 바디와 내경 사이에 이어진 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 8 항에 있어서, 가동 시스템의 외측 분리된 부분은 단부 작동기의 제 2 가동 메커니즘을 구동시키기 위한 제 2 회전가능한 구동 샤프트를 더 포함하고, 제 2 구동 샤프트는 중간 부재의 제 2 측면에 인접하여 지나가도록 단부 작동기 바디와 내경 사이에 이어지며, 제 2 측면은 제 1 측면과 대향하여 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 가동 시스템의 배향 부분은 제 1 축 및 제 2 축 주변에서 기구 샤프트에 대해 단부 작동기 바디의 배향을 변경하도록 작동되며, 배향 부분은 역 구동가능하고, 이로써 단부 작동기 바디에 그것의 배향을 변경하기 위해 적용되는 힘이 가동 시스템에 의해 내경을 통해 근위 쪽으로 전달되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 단부 작동기의 가동은 단부 작동기의 관절의 관절화를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 기구 샤프트의 길이 방향과 평행하지 않게 배향된 제 1 축을 중심으로 회전하도록 중간 부재를 기구 샤프트에 선회가능하게 연결하는 단계,
제 1 축 및 길이 방향과 평행하지 않게 배향된 제 2 축을 중심으로 회전하도록 단부 작동기를 중간 부재에 선회가능하게 연결하는 단계, 및
가동 메커니즘을 단부 작동기와 연결하는 단계
를 포함하는 최소 침습 수술 도구를 제조하는 방법으로서,
가동 메커니즘은 2-차원으로 길이 방향에 대해 단부 작동기의 배향을 변경하도록 작동되고, 가동 메커니즘의 적어도 일부가 중간 부재의 적어도 한 측면으로부터 분리되어 바깥쪽으로 지나가도록 단부 작동기와 기구 샤프트의 내경 사이에 이어지는 방법. - 제 12 항에 있어서, 제 1 축은 제 2 축에 법선이고, 제 1 축 또는 제 2 축 중 적어도 하나는 기구-샤프트의 길이 방향에 법선인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 중간 부재는 제 1 축 방향의 외부 너비 및 제 2 축 방향의 최대 외부 길이를 가지며, 최대 외부 길이는 제 1 축 방향의 너비보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 중간 부재는 제 1 축 방향의 최대 외부 너비를 가지며, 최대 외부 너비는 외부 길이의 1/3 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 중간 부재는 단부 작동기와 기구 샤프트의 내경 사이에 이어진 제어 케이블을 안내하기 위한 내부 통로를 포함하며, 안내 표면이 제 1 및 제 2 축을 중심으로 선회하는 동안 케이블 장력의 변화가 억제되도록 제어 케이블을 구속하며, 상기 방법은 중간 부재의 내부 통로를 통해 단부 작동기 제어 케이블을 잇는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 기구 샤프트에 대해 단부 작동기의 배향을 변경함으로써 가동 메커니즘을 역 구동시키는 단계를 더 포함하며, 이로써 단부 작동기에 그것의 배향을 변경하기 위해 적용되는 힘이 가동 시스템에 의해서 내경을 통해 근위 쪽으로 전달되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 단부 작동기의 가동은 단부 작동기의 관절을 관절화하는 것을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 도구의 수술 단부 작동기를 최소 침습 개구 또는 자연 개구를 통해 내부 수술 부위에 삽입하는 단계,
제 1 관절을 중심으로 도구의 샤프트에 대해 도구의 중간 부재를 선회시킴으로써 단부 작동기를 지지하는 도구의 샤프트에 대해 제 1 축을 중심으로 중간 부재를 배향하는 단계,
제 2 관절을 중심으로 중간 부재에 대해 단부 작동기를 선회시킴으로써 중간 부재에 대해 제 2 축을 중심으로 단부 작동기를 배향하는 단계, 및
중심 관절로부터 외측 분기된 단부 작동기와 내경 사이를 지나는 가동-시스템 구성요소에 의해서 단부 작동기를 기계적으로 가동시키는 단계
를 포함하는 최소 침습 수술 방법으로서,
제 1 관절 및 제 2 관절 중 하나는 도구의 단면의 중심부 내에 배치된 중앙에 위치된 관절을 포함하는 방법. - 제 19 항에 있어서, 단부 작동기의 가동은 단부 작동기의 관절을 관절화하는 것을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 기구 샤프트;
수술 단부 작동기; 및
단부 작동기가 제 1 손목 선회축 및 제 2 손목 선회축을 중심으로 샤프트에 대해 움직이도록 기구 샤프트와 단부 작동기를 연결하는 손목
을 포함하는 수술 기구로서,
손목은 지지 부재 및 중간 부재를 포함하고,
중간 부재는 제 1 단부, 제 2 단부, 및 제 1 단부와 제 2 단부 사이의 축을 따라 있는 중간 부재 내의 슬롯을 포함하며,
지지 부재는 슬롯 내부의 중간 부재에 선회가능하게 연결되어 제 1 손목 선회축을 한정하고, 제 2 손목 선회축이 중간 부재의 제 1 단부와 제 2 단부 사이에 한정된 수술 기구. - 원단부, 근단부, 및 이들 사이에 한정된 제 1 링크 축을 가진 제 1 링크;
제 1 링크의 원단부와 선회가능하게 연결되어 제 1 축 및 제 2 축을 중심으로 배향되는 제 2 링크;
제 2 링크에 배치된 4개의 부착 특징부; 및
제 1 링크로부터 부착 특징부까지 원위 쪽으로 연장됨으로써 견인 부재의 대향하는 축 이동이 제 1 및 제 2 축을 중심으로 제 1 링크에 대해 제 2 링크를 각지게 배향하게 되는 4개의 견인 부재
를 포함하는 수술 도구로서,
제 1 및 제 2 축은 제 1 링크 축과 평행하지 않고, 제 1 축은 제 2 축과 평행하지 않으며;
견인 부재와 부착 특징부 사이의 연접면은 제 1 링크에 대한 제 2 링크의 각진 배향과 상호 관련하여 제 2 링크에 대해 견인 부재의 위치를 변경하여 견인 부재에서 장력의 변화가 억제되는 수술 도구. - 제 22 항에 있어서, 제 1 축과 제 2 축은 교차하지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 23 항에 있어서, 각각의 견인 부재는 제 2 링크가 제 1 축을 중심으로 선회할 때 부착 특징부 중 하나에 대해 제 1의 관련된 중심을 중심으로 선회하고, 각각의 견인 부재는 제 2 링크가 제 2 축을 중심으로 선회할 때 부착 특징부 중 하나에 대해 제 2의 관련된 중심을 중심으로 선회하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 24 항에 있어서, 견인 부재는 부착 특징부와 미끄러지듯 맞물리고, 연접면은 원형 단면을 갖는 곡선의 원통형 표면 및 곡선의 연접축을 포함하며, 원형 단면은 단면 중심을 한정하고, 곡선의 연접축은 곡률 중심을 한정하며, 제 1 및 제 2의 관련된 중심은 각각 단면 중심 또는 곡률 중심에 상응하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 23 항에 있어서, 제 1 축과 제 2 축은 2mm 이하로 분리된 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 22 항에 있어서, 제 1 축은 제 1 링크 축을 횡단하고, 제 2 축은 제 1 축을 횡단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 22 항에 있어서, 부착 특징부는 곡선 부분을 포함하고, 각각의 견인 부재는 곡선 부분 중 하나를 미끄러지듯 수용하도록 구성된 부착 러그를 포함하며, 이로써 제 2 링크가 제 1 및 제 2 축 중 하나를 중심으로 선회할 때 곡선 부분을 따라 맞대어 미끄러져 움직이는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 28 항에 있어서, 각각의 곡선 부분은 제 1 축 또는 제 2 축에 수직인 평면에 놓인 중심선; 및 그것의 곡선 중심선을 중심으로 제 1 곡률 반경과 그것의 곡선 중심선에 대한 고정된 곡률 중심을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 각각의 고정된 곡률 중심은 제 1 축 또는 제 2 축 중 적어도 하나를 함유하는 평면에 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 각각의 곡선 부분 중심선은 각각 제 1 축 또는 제 2 축 중 적어도 하나를 함유하는 평면에 접선인 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 22 항에 있어서, 각각의 부착 특징부는 부착 러그를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 32 항에 있어서, 각각의 부착 러그는 제 1 축 또는 제 2 축에 평행하게 배향된 연결 구멍 축을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 33 항에 있어서, 각 연결 구멍 축은 제 1 축 또는 제 2 축 중 적어도 하나를 함유하는 평면에 놓인 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 32 항에 있어서, 각각의 견인 부재는 부착 러그 중 하나에 미끄러지듯 수용되도록 구성된 곡선 부분을 포함하며, 이로써 곡선 부분이 제 2 링크가 제 1 및 제 2 축 중 하나를 중심으로 선회할 때 부착 러그 안으로 미끄러져 들어가는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 22 항에 있어서, 각각의 부착 특징부는 제 1 링크 축을 따라 봤을 때 제 1 및 제 2 축으로부터 분기되며, 부착 특징부의 하나는 제 1 링크 축을 따라 봤을 때 제 1 및 제 2 축에 의해 한정된 각 사분면에 배치되고, 견인 부재의 제 1 대각 대향된 쌍은 제 1 대각 대향된 쌍의 제 1 견인 부재로부터 제 1 대각 대향된 쌍의 제 2 견인 부재까지 연장된 적어도 하나의 케이블에 의해 가동되며, 적어도 하나의 케이블은 제 1 캡스턴 주위를 감싸고 있고, 제 2 링크에 대해 견인 부재의 제 1 대각 대향된 쌍의 위치를 변경함으로써 견인 부재가 구형 중심 관절을 가진 부착 특징부에 연결되었을 때 부여될 수 있는 적어도 하나의 케이블의 장력의 변화가 억제되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 36 항에 있어서, 견인 부재의 제 2 대각 대향된 쌍은 제 2 대각 대향된 쌍의 제 1 견인 부재로부터 제 2 대각 대향된 쌍의 제 2 견인 부재까지 연장된 적어도 하나의 케이블에 의해 가동되며, 적어도 하나의 케이블이 제 2 캡스턴 주위를 감싸고 있고, 제 2 링크에 대해 견인 부재의 제 2 대각 대향된 쌍의 위치를 변경함으로써 견인 부재가 구형 중심 관절을 가진 부착 특징부에 연결되었을 때 부여될 수 있는 적어도 하나의 케이블의 장력의 변화가 억제되며, 견인 부재의 제 1 대각 대향된 쌍은 견인 부재의 제 2 대각 대향된 쌍과 상이하고, 제 2 캡스턴은 제 1 캡스턴과 상이한 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 원단부, 근단부, 및 이들 사이에 한정된 제 1 링크 축을 가진 제 1 링크;
제 1 링크의 근단부에 인접하여 배치된 제어 케이블 가동 조립체로부터 제 1 링크의 내경 안에서 원위 쪽으로 연장된 복수의 제어 케이블;
제 1 링크의 원단부와 선회가능하게 연결되어 제 1 축 및 제 2 축을 중심으로 배향되는 제 2 링크; 및
제어 케이블 중 하나를 제 2 링크와 연결함으로써 제어 케이블의 축 이동이 제 1 및 제 2 축을 중심으로 제 1 링크에 대해 제 2 링크를 각지게 배향하게 하는 복수의 연접 조립체
를 포함하는 수술 도구로서,
제 1 축 및 제 2 축은 제 1 링크 축과 평행하지 않고, 제 1 축은 제 2 축과 평행하지 않으며;
연접 조립체 중 하나는 곡선 부분 및 이 곡선 부분을 미끄러지듯 수용할 수 있는 크기의 부착 러그 구멍을 가진 부착 러그를 포함하고;
부착 러그는 제 2 링크가 제 1 축을 중심으로 회전할 때는 곡선 부분을 중심으로 회전하고, 제 2 링크가 제 2 축을 중심으로 회전할 때는 곡선 부분을 따라 맞대어 미끄러져 움직이는 수술 도구. - 제 38 항에 있어서, 복수의 제어 케이블은 4개의 제어 케이블을 포함하고, 각각의 연접 조립체는 어떤 길이의 곡선 부분 및 이 곡선 부분을 미끄러지듯 수용할 수 있는 크기의 부착 러그 구멍을 가진 부착 러그를 포함하며, 이로써 부착 러그는 제 2 링크가 제 1 축을 중심으로 회전할 때는 곡선 부분을 중심으로 회전하고, 제 2 링크가 제 2 축을 중심으로 회전할 때는 곡선 부분을 따라 맞대어 미끄러져 움직이는 것을 특징으로 하는 도구.
- 제 1 링크의 길이 방향에 평행하지 않게 배향된 제 1 축을 중심으로 회전하고, 제 1 링크와 제 1 축의 길이 방향 모두에 평행하지 않게 배향된 제 2 축을 중심으로 회전할 수 있도록 제 2 링크를 제 1 링크에 선회가능하게 연결하는 단계, 4개의 부착 특징부가 제 2 링크에 배치되고, 각각의 부착 특징부는 제 1 링크의 길이 방향을 따라 봤을 때 제 1 축 및 제 2 축으로부터 분기되며, 부착 특징부의 하나는 제 1 링크의 길이 방향을 따라 봤을 때 제 1 축과 제 2 축에 의해 한정된 각 사분면에 배치되고;
견인 부재를 각각의 부착 특징부와 연결하는 단계, 각각의 견인 부재는 제 1 링크의 내경 안에서부터 제 2 링크의 부착 특징부 중 하나까지 원위 쪽으로 연장됨으로써 견인 부재의 축 이동이 축들을 중심으로 제 1 링크에 대해 제 2 링크를 각지게 배향하며, 견인 부재와 부착 특징부 사이의 연접면은 제 1 링크에 대한 제 2 링크의 각진 배향과 상호 관련하여 제 2 링크에 대해 견인 부재의 위치를 변경함으로써 견인 부재의 장력에서 변화를 억제하고; 및
각각의 견인 부재를 견인 부재를 가동시킴으로써 2-차원으로 제 1 링크에 대해 제 2 링크의 각진 배향을 제어하도록 작동되는 가동 메커니즘과 연결하는 단계
를 포함하는 수술 도구의 제조 방법. - 제 40 항에 있어서, 각각의 견인 부재와 가동 메커니즘을 연결하는 단계는
견인 부재의 제 1 견인 부재와 제 1 제어 케이블을 연결하는 단계;
견인 부재의 제 2 견인 부재를 제 2 제어 케이블과 연결하는 단계, 제 2 견인 부재는 제 1 견인 부재와 대각으로 대향 배치되고;
제 1 및 제 2 제어 케이블을 가동 메커니즘의 제 1 캡스턴과 연결하는 단계;
견인 부재의 제 3 견인 부재를 제 3 제어 케이블과 연결하는 단계;
견인 부재의 제 4 견인 부재를 제 4 제어 케이블과 연결하는 단계, 제 4 견인 부재는 제 3 견인 부재와 대각으로 대향 배치되고; 및
제 3 및 제 4 제어 케이블을 가동 메커니즘의 제 2 캡스턴과 연결하는 단계
를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법. - 제 1 링크;
부착 특징부를 포함하는 제 2 링크, 부착 특징부는 곡선 부분을 포함하고;
제 1 링크와 제 2 링크를 연결하는 관절, 관절은 제 1 축 및 제 2 축을 중심으로 회전하며, 제 1 축과 제 2 축은 서로 평행하지 않게 분기되고; 및
부착 러그를 포함하는 견인 부재
를 포함하는 수술 기구로서,
부착 러그는 부착 특징부에 연결되며,
부착 러그는 견인 부재가 제 1 축을 중심으로 관절을 회전시킬 때는 곡선 부분을 중심으로 회전하고,
부착 러그는 가동 부재가 제 2 축을 중심으로 관절을 회전시킬 때는 곡선 부분을 따라 맞대어 미끄러져 움직이는 수술 기구. - 수용부를 포함하는 제 1 단부, 제 2 단부, 및 이들 사이에 한정된 연결축을 포함하는 연결 부재;
수용부를 가로질러 연장된 연결 핀;
구동축 및 수용부 내에 수용된 원단부를 가진 구동 샤프트; 및
근단부 및 피구동 축을 가진 피구동 샤프트
를 포함하는 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 메커니즘으로서,
구동 샤프트 원단부는 연결축과 구동축 사이의 각도 범위 전체에서 연결 핀을 수용하는 슬롯을 포함하며, 이로써 구동 샤프트의 회전이 연결 핀을 통해 연결 부재의 회전을 야기하고;
피구동 샤프트의 근단부는 연결 부재의 제 2 단부와 연결되며, 이로써 연결축을 중심으로 한 연결 부재의 회전이 피구동축을 중심으로 구동 샤프트의 회전을 야기하고;
구동 샤프트가 피구동 샤프트와 연결되며, 이로써 구동축과 피구동축 사이의 각도가 샤프트의 회전 동안 변할 때 구동축과 연결축 그리고 피구동축과 연결축 사이의 상응하는 각도가 유지되는 메커니즘. - 제 43 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트와 연결 핀을 연결하는 십자형 핀을 더 포함하며, 십자형 핀은 연결 핀을 횡단해서 배향되고, 구동 샤프트에 대해 회전하도록 장착된 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 43 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 원단부의 외부 표면은 구면을 포함하고, 구동 샤프트의 외부 표면은 연결 부재의 수용부와 연접하며, 이로써 구동 샤프트와 수용부가 이들 사이에서 구형 선회하는 동안 서로에 대해 축 상에서 구속되는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 45 항에 있어서, 수용부는 구동 샤프트 구면과 연접하는 구면을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 43 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 원단부는 일군의 구형 기어 톱니를 더 포함하며, 피구동 샤프트 근단부는 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니와 연접하는 일군의 구형 기어 톱니를 포함하고, 이로써 구동축과 연결축 그리고 피구동축과 연결축 사이의 각도가 실질적으로 동일하게 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 47 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트와 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 또는 피구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 중 적어도 하나는 일체 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 43 항에 있어서, 메커니즘은 60도를 초과하는 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하도록 작동되는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 원단부 및 구동축을 가진 구동 샤프트;
근단부 및 피구동축을 가진 피구동 샤프트; 및
구동 샤프트 원단부 및 피구동 샤프트 근단부의 각각과 연결된 연결 부재
를 포함하는 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하는 메커니즘으로서,
구동 샤프트 원단부 또는 피구동 샤프트 근단부 중 적어도 하나는 돌출부를 포함하고, 구동축을 중심으로 한 구동 샤프트의 회전이 피구동축을 중심으로 피구동 샤프트의 회전을 야기하고, 연결 부재는 구동 수용부, 피구동 수용부, 및 이들 사이에 한정된 연결축을 한정하는 관형 구조를 포함하고, 구동 수용부 또는 피구동 수용부 중 적어도 하나는, 적어도 하나의 돌출부를 수용하며 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트 사이의 각도 범위를 통해서 적어도 하나의 돌출부를 수용하도록 구성된 슬롯을 포함하고, 돌출부는 슬롯과 상호작용하여 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트 간의 회전 동작을 전달하고, 구동 샤프트 원단부가 피구동 샤프트 근단부와 맞물리며, 이로써 구동축과 피구동축 사이의 각도가 샤프트의 회전 동안 변할 때 구동축과 연결축 그리고 피구동축과 연결축 사이의 상응하는 각도가 유지되는 메커니즘. - 제 50 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 원단부와 피구동 샤프트 근단부는 각각 구동 수용부 및 피구동 수용부와 연접하는 외부 표면을 각기 포함하고, 이로써 각 샤프트에 대해 샤프트 축과 연결축 사이에 한정된 교차점이 샤프트 축과 연결축을 따라 축 고정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 51 항에 있어서, 각 외부 표면은 구면을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 52 항에 있어서, 각 수용부는 구면을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 50 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 원단부는 구동축 주변으로 연장된 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면을 포함하고, 피구동 샤프트 근단부는 피구동축 주변으로 연장된 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면을 포함하며, 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면이 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면과 맞물려서 각도들 사이의 대응성이 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 54 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트와 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면 또는 피구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면 중 적어도 하나는 일체 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 54 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면은 구동 축으로부터 방사상 연장된 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 윤곽에 의해서 한정되고, 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면은 피구동 축으로부터 방사상 연장된 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 윤곽에 의해서 한정되며, 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면이 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면과 맞물려서 구동/연결장치 각도와 피구동/연결장치 각도가 실질적으로 동일하게 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 54 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면은 구동축을 중심으로 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 윤곽을 회전시킴으로써 한정되는 공전면을 포함하고, 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니면은 피구동축을 중심으로 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 윤곽을 회전시킴으로써 한정되는 공전면을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 50 항에 있어서, 메커니즘은 60도를 초과하는 각도를 통해 토크를 전달하도록 작동되는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 기구 샤프트,
기구 샤프트 내에 회전하도록 장착된 원단부 및 구동축을 가진 구동 샤프트,
근단부 및 피구동축을 가진 피구동 샤프트,
구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트를 연결하여 구동축과 피구동축이 평행하지 않을 때 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트의 회전 속도를 실질적으로 동일하게 하는 연결 부재, 및
기구 샤프트에 대해 2-차원으로 단부 작동기의 배향이 변할 수 있도록 기구 샤프트와 연결된 단부 작동기
를 포함하는 최소 침습 수술 도구로서,
단부 작동기는 피구동 샤프트와 연결된 관절화된 특징부를 포함하며, 이로써 피구동축을 중심으로 한 피구동 샤프트의 회전이 특징부의 관절화를 야기하는 최소 침습 수술 도구. - 제 59 항에 있어서, 연결 부재는 제 1 단부와 제 2 단부를 포함할 수 있고, 이들 사이에 연결축이 한정되며, 구동 샤프트 원단부가 연결 부재 제 1 단부와 축 상에서 회전가능하게 연결됨으로써 구동축을 중심으로 한 구동 샤프트의 회전이 연결축을 중심으로 연결 부재의 회전을 야기하고, 피구동 샤프트 근단부는 연결 부재 제 2 단부와 축 상에서 회전가능하게 연결되며, 이로써 연결축을 중심으로 한 연결 부재의 회전이 피구동축을 중심으로 피구동 샤프트의 회전을 야기하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 60 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 원단부는 구형 기어 톱니를 포함하고, 피구동 샤프트 근단부는 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니와 맞물리는 구형 기어 톱니를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 61 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트와 구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 또는 피구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트 기어 톱니 중 적어도 하나는 일체 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 60 항에 있어서,
연결 부재 제 1 단부 수용부,
수용부를 가로지르는 연결 핀,
수용부와 연접하는 구동 샤프트 원단부 외부 표면, 및
연결축과 구동축 사이의 각도 범위 전체에서 연결 핀을 수용하는 구동 샤프트 원단부 슬롯을 더 포함하며,
연결 핀과 슬롯 사이의 상호작용이 구동 샤프트와 연결 부재를 연결하고, 이로써 구동 샤프트의 회전이 연결 부재의 회전을 야기하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘. - 제 63 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트를 연결 핀과 연결하기 위한 십자형 핀을 더 포함하며, 십자형 핀은 연결 핀을 횡단해서 배향되고, 구동 샤프트에 대해 회전하도록 장착된 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
- 제 60 항에 있어서, 구동 샤프트 원단부 또는 피구동 샤프트 근단부 중 적어도 하나는 돌출부를 포함하고, 연결 부재는 연결축을 따라 배치된 구동 수용부와 피구동 수용부를 한정하는 관형 구조를 포함하며, 구동 수용부 또는 피구동 수용부 중 적어도 하나는, 돌출부를 수용하고 구동 샤프트와 피구동 샤프트 사이의 각도 범위를 통해서 돌출부를 수용하도록 구성된 슬롯을 포함하며, 돌출부는 슬롯과 상호작용하여 구동 샤프트 또는 피구동 샤프트 중 적어도 하나와 연결 부재 간의 회전 동작을 전달하는 것을 특징으로 하는 메커니즘.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101324988B1 (ko) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-11-04 | 이춘우 | 볼 관절을 구비한 매니퓰레이터 및 로봇 |
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| US12114941B2 (en) | Wrist articulation by linked tension members | |
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