KR20120108902A - 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20120108902A KR20120108902A KR1020110101285A KR20110101285A KR20120108902A KR 20120108902 A KR20120108902 A KR 20120108902A KR 1020110101285 A KR1020110101285 A KR 1020110101285A KR 20110101285 A KR20110101285 A KR 20110101285A KR 20120108902 A KR20120108902 A KR 20120108902A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- active material
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- combination
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005466 carboxylated polyvinylchloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005994 diacetyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000973 polyvinylchloride carboxylated Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005993 acrylate styrene-butadiene rubber polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OEMGCAOEZNBNAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[Li] Chemical compound [P].[Li] OEMGCAOEZNBNAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 22
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011871 silicon-based negative electrode active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-mevalonolactone Natural products CC1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KSXFNGRHPAHIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=C(I)C(I)=C1 KSXFNGRHPAHIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CMTFMQAGUXZMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC=CC1F CMTFMQAGUXZMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical group CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N R-mevalonolactone, (-)- Chemical compound C[C@@]1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N as-o-xylenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1 SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940057061 mevalonolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacycloundecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCO1 GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002409 silicon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일 구현예에 따른 리튬 이차 전지를 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.
| 도전재 (상품명) |
양극활물질+ PVDF바인더 |
양극판 단위면적당 무게 | 양극판 합제 밀도 | |||
| 비섬유상 물질 (덴카블랙) wt% |
섬유상 물질 (VGCF) wt% |
비섬유상 물질/섬유상 물질의 중량비 | wt% | mg/cm2 | g/cm3 | |
| 비교예1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 96+2 | 18 | 3.0 |
| 비교예2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 96+2 | 20 | 3.0 |
| 비교예3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 96+2 | 25 | 3.0 |
| 비교예4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 96+2 | 25 | 3.0 |
| 비교예5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 96+2 | 25 | 3.5 |
| 비교예6 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 96+2 | 25 | 4.0 |
| 비교예7 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 3 | 96+2 | 18 | 3.0 |
| 비교예8 | 1.25 | 0.75 | 1.7 | 96+2 | 18 | 3.0 |
| 비교예9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 18 | 3.2 |
| 비교예10 | 0.75 | 1.25 | 0.6 | 96+2 | 18 | 3.2 |
| 실시예1 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 3 | 96+2 | 20 | 3.0 |
| 실시예2 | 1.25 | 0.75 | 1.7 | 96+2 | 20 | 3.0 |
| 실시예3 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 20 | 3.0 |
| 실시예4 | 0.75 | 1.25 | 0.6 | 96+2 | 20 | 3.0 |
| 실시예5 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 3 | 96+2 | 25 | 3.5 |
| 실시예6 | 1.25 | 0.75 | 1.7 | 96+2 | 25 | 3.5 |
| 실시예7 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 25 | 3.5 |
| 실시예8 | 0.75 | 1.25 | 0.6 | 96+2 | 25 | 3.5 |
| 실시예9 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 3 | 96+2 | 40 | 4.0 |
| 실시예10 | 1.25 | 0.75 | 1.7 | 96+2 | 40 | 4.0 |
| 실시예11 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 40 | 4.0 |
| 실시예12 | 0.75 | 1.25 | 0.6 | 96+2 | 40 | 4.0 |
| 실시예13 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 3 | 96+2 | 50 | 3.5 |
| 실시예14 | 1.25 | 0.75 | 1.7 | 96+2 | 50 | 3.5 |
| 실시예15 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 50 | 3.5 |
| 실시예16 | 0.75 | 1.25 | 0.6 | 96+2 | 50 | 3.5 |
| 실시예17 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 40 | 3.0 |
| 실시예18 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 50 | 3.5 |
| 실시예19 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 80 | 4.0 |
| 실시예20 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 96+2 | 100 | 3.5 |
| 고율 특성 | 0.5C충방전 수명특성 | |
| 0.2C 대비 1C용량(%) | 초기 용량대비 100회 사이클 후 용량유지율(%) |
|
| 비교예1 | 85% | 88% |
| 비교예2 | 80% | 82% |
| 비교예3 | 72% | 75% |
| 비교예4 | 77% | 63% |
| 비교예5 | 50% | 53% |
| 비교예6 | 46% | 45% |
| 비교예7 | 85% | 88% |
| 비교예8 | 86% | 85% |
| 비교예9 | 85% | 86% |
| 비교예10 | 83% | 87% |
| 실시예1 | 88% | 90% |
| 실시예2 | 92% | 91% |
| 실시예3 | 91% | 93% |
| 실시예4 | 92% | 93% |
| 실시예5 | 92% | 93% |
| 실시예6 | 93% | 92% |
| 실시예7 | 92% | 93% |
| 실시예8 | 92% | 93% |
| 실시예9 | 87% | 91% |
| 실시예10 | 92% | 93% |
| 실시예11 | 86% | 93% |
| 실시예12 | 93% | 88% |
| 실시예13 | 91% | 89% |
| 실시예14 | 87% | 87% |
| 실시예15 | 92% | 93% |
| 실시예16 | 87% | 88% |
113: 세퍼레이터 114: 양극
120: 전지 용기 140: 봉입 부재
Claims (15)
- 실리콘계 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극;
리튬을 인터칼레이션 및 디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 양극 활물질 및 섬유상 물질 및 비섬유상 물질을 포함하는 도전재를 포함하고, 집전체를 제외한 양극의 단위면적당 무게(loading level: LL)가 20 내지 100 mg/cm2인 양극; 및
비수전해액을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
집전체를 제외한 양극의 단위부피당 무게인 양극의 합제 밀도가 3.0 내지 4.1 g/cm3인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 비섬유상 물질 대 상기 섬유상 물질의 중량비는 0.6 내지 3인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극 활물질과 상기 도전재의 중량비가 97:3 내지 99:1인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극은 집전체 상에 양극 활물질 및 상기 도전재를 포함하는 층을 형성하여 양극 합제를 형성하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제5항에 있어서,
상기 양극 활물질 및 상기 도전재를 포함하는 층은 바인더를 더 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제6항에 있어서,
상기 바인더는 폴리비닐알콜, 카르복시메틸셀룰로즈, 히드록시프로필셀룰로즈, 디아세틸셀룰로즈, 폴리비닐클로라이드, 카르복실화된 폴리비닐클로라이드, 폴리비닐플루오라이드, 에틸렌 옥사이드를 포함하는 폴리머, 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리우레탄, 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌, 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드, 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 스티렌-부타디엔 러버, 아크릴레이티드 스티렌-부타디엔 러버, 에폭시 수지 및 나일론으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극 전체의 두께가 10um 내지 300um인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 섬유상 물질의 직경이 0.01um 내지 100um이고, 길이가 1um 내지 100um인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 섬유상 물질은 기상성장 탄소섬유(vapor grown carbon fiber: VGCF), 탄소나노튜브(carbon nano-tube), 탄소나노섬유(carbon nano-fiber) 및 금속 섬유로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 비섬유상 물질은 천연 흑연, 인조 흑연, 카본 블랙, 아세틸렌 블랙, 케첸블랙, 구리, 니켈, 알루미늄, 은 및 폴리페닐렌으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 비섬유상 물질은 판상, 비드상 및 플레이크(flake)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 형상을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘계 음극 활물질은 실리콘(Si), 실리콘 산화물, 표면이 도전성 카본으로 코팅된 실리콘 산화물 및 표면이 도전성 카본으로 코팅된 실리콘(Si)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 하나인 것인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극활물질은 LiaA1 - bRbD2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5이다); LiaE1 - bRbO2 - cDc(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 및 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05이다); LiE2-bRbO4-cDc(상기 식에서, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05이다); LiaNi1 -b- cCobRcDα(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05 및 0 < α ≤ 2이다); LiaNi1 -b- cCobRcO2 -αZα(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05 및 0 < α < 2이다); LiaNi1-b-cCobRcO2-αZ2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05 및 0 < α < 2이다); LiaNi1 -b- cMnbRcDα(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05 및 0 < α ≤ 2이다); LiaNi1 -b- cMnbRcO2 -αZα(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05 및 0 < α < 2이다); LiaNi1 -b- cMnbRcO2 -αZ2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05 및 0 < α < 2이다); LiaNibEcGdO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.9, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.5 및 0.001 ≤ d ≤ 0.1이다.); LiaNibCocMndGeO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.9, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ d ≤0.5 및 0.001 ≤ e ≤ 0.1이다.); LiaNiGbO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8 및 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.); LiaCoGbO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8 및 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.); LiaMnGbO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8 및 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.); LiaMn2GbO4(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8 및 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.); QO2; QS2; LiQS2; V2O5; LiV2O5; LiTO2; LiNiVO4; Li(3-f)J2(PO4)3(0 ≤ f ≤ 2); Li(3-f)Fe2(PO4)3(0 ≤ f ≤ 2); LiFePO4 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되며,
A는 Ni, Co, Mn 또는 이들의 조합이고; R은 Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, 희토류 원소 또는 이들의 조합이고; D는 O, F, S, P 또는 이들의 조합이고; E는 Co, Mn 또는 이들의 조합이고; Z는 F, S, P 또는 이들의 조합이고; G는 Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V 또는 이들의 조합이고; Q는 Ti, Mo, Mn 또는 이들의 조합이고; T는 Cr, V, Fe, Sc, Y 또는 이들의 조합이고; J는 V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu 또는 이들의 조합인 리튬 이차 전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극은 Al 집전체를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
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| KR20170111517A (ko) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-12 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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