KR20170054221A - 직접적인 tof 및 삼각 측량에 근거한 레인지 센서 장치 - Google Patents
직접적인 tof 및 삼각 측량에 근거한 레인지 센서 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170054221A KR20170054221A KR1020160111906A KR20160111906A KR20170054221A KR 20170054221 A KR20170054221 A KR 20170054221A KR 1020160111906 A KR1020160111906 A KR 1020160111906A KR 20160111906 A KR20160111906 A KR 20160111906A KR 20170054221 A KR20170054221 A KR 20170054221A
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 레인지 센서의 블록도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 도 1의 이미지 센서의 블록도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 도 2의 이미지 센서의 픽셀 어레이를 설명하는 도면이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 도 3의 픽셀 어레이의 픽셀 셀의 개략도이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 도 3의 픽셀 어레이의 픽셀 셀의 개략도이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 도 3의 픽셀 어레이 상의 원거리 오브젝트들 및 근거리 오브젝트들을 이미지하는 것을 설명하는 도면이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 오브젝트의 범위를 결정하는 것을 설명하는 도면이다.
도 8은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 레인지 센서의 순서도이다.
도 9A 내지 도 9C는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 게이팅 및 비닝을 설명하는 도면이다.
Claims (10)
- 시야(field of view, FOV) 내의 각도로 단면광을 투사하는 광원;
상기 광원으로부터의 오프셋을 포함하는 이미지 센서;
수집 광학계; 및
상기 광원, 상기 이미지 센서, 및 상기 수집 광학계에 연결되고, 직접적인 TOF(time-of-flight)에 근거하여 원거리 오브젝트의 범위를 결정하고, 삼각 측량에 근거하여 근거리 오브젝트의 범위를 결정하는 제어기를 포함하는 레인지 센서
- 제1 항에 있어서,
상기 광원은 상기 FOV 내의 각도로 수평적인 레이저 단면광을 투사하는 레인지 센서
- 제1 항에 있어서,
상기 이미지 센서는
입력단, 제1 출력단, 및 제2 출력단을 포함하는 픽셀 어레이;
입력단 및 상기 픽셀 어레이의 상기 입력단에 연결된 행 디코더;
상기 픽셀 어레이의 상기 제1 출력단에 연결된 제1 입력단, 제2 입력단, 제3 입력단, 및 출력단을 포함하는 TDC(time-to-digital converter) 어레이;
상기 TDC 어레이의 상기 출력단에 연결된 입력단 및 출력단을 포함하는 제1 열 디코더;
상기 픽셀 어레이의 상기 제2 출력단에 연결된 제1 입력단, 제2 입력단, 제1 출력단, 및 제2 출력단을 포함하는 ADC(analog-to-digital converter) 어레이;
상기 ADC 어레이의 상기 제1 출력단에 연결된 입력단 및 출력단을 포함하는 제2 열 디코더;
상기 ADC 어레이의 상기 제2 출력단에 연결된 제1 입력단, 상기 제2 열 디코더의 상기 출력단에 연결된 제2 입력단, 및 출력단을 포함하는 레인지 센서.
- 제3 항에 있어서,
상기 픽셀 어레이는 열과 행으로 배열되는 nxm 픽셀 셀들을 포함하고,
상기 n 및 상기 m은 기설정된 정수들이고,
상기 픽셀 어레이는 2D(2 dimensional) RGB(red-green-blue) 센서, IR(infrared) 컷 필터, 2D IR 센서, 2D NIR(near IR) 센서, 2D RGBW(red-green-blue-whit) 센서, 및 2D RGB-IR 센서 중 하나인 레인지 센서
- 제4 항에 있어서,
상기 픽셀 셀은
접지 전위에 연결된 애노드 전극, 및 캐소드 전극을 포함하는 PPD(pinned photo-diode);
상기 PPD의 상기 캐소드 전극에 연결된 소스 터미널, 전송 신호(TX)를 수신하는 게이트 터미널, 및 드레인 터미널을 포함하는 제1 NMOS(n-channel metal oxide semiconductor) 트랜지스터;
전원 공급 전압에 연결된 드레인 터미널, RST(reset signal)를 수신하는 게이트 터미널, 및 상기 제1 NMOS 트랜지스터의 상기 드레인 터미널에 연결된 소스 터미널을 포함하는 제2 NMOS 트랜지스터;
상기 전원 공급 전압에 연결된 드레인 터미널, 상기 제1 NMOS 트랜지스터의 상기 드레인 터미널에 연결된 게이트 터미널, 및 소스 터미널을 포함하는 제3 NMOS 트랜지스터;
상기 제3 NMOS 트랜지스터의 상기 소스 터미널에 연결된 드레인 터미널, RSEL(row select signal)을 수신하는 게이트 터미널, 및 상기 픽셀 셀의 출력단(PIXOUT)인 소스 터미널을 포함하고,
상기 PPD는 원거리 오브젝트들에 반사되는 빛에 대해서 대수 모드에서 동작하고, 근거리 오브젝트들에 반사되는 빛에 대해서 선형 모드에서 동작하고, 상기 PIXOUT은 다른 픽셀 셀과 공유되는 레인지 센서.
- 제4 항에 있어서,
상기 픽셀 셀은
접지 전위에 연결된 애노드 전극 및 캐소드 전극을 포함하는 PD(photo-diode);
전원 공급 전압에 연결된 소스 터미널, 억제 전압(Vquench)를 수신하는 게이트 터미널, 및 상기 PD의 상기 캐소드 전극에 연결된 드레인 터미널을 포함하는 PMOS(p-channel metal oxide semiconductor) 트랜지스터;
상기 PD의 상기 캐소드 전극에 연결된 제1 입력단, RST(reset signal)을 수신하는 제2 입력단, 및 출력단을 포함하는 센싱 회로; 및
상기 센싱 회로의 상기 출력단에 연결된 드레인 터미널, RSEL(row select signal)을 수신하는 게이트 터미널, 및 상기 픽셀 셀의 출력단(PIXOUT)인 소스 터미널을 포함하고,
상기 PD는 원거리 오브젝트들에 반사되는 빛에 대해서 애벌란시(avalanche) 모드에서 동작하고, 근거리 오브젝트들에 반사되는 빛에 대해서 애벌란시 모드 또는 선형 모드에서 동작하는 레인지 센서.
- 제4 항에 있어서,
상기 픽셀 어레이의 행은 상기 픽셀 어레이의 상기 행의 차이 및 측정된 범위에 따라 시간적으로 게이팅되어 다중경로 반사, 낮은 조명/가시성, 비와 안개와 같은 좋지 않은 날씨, 또는 강한 주변 조명/눈부심의 영향을 감소시키고,
상기 픽셀 어레이의 상기 행은 비활성화되고,
측정 범위에 의존하여 판독하는 동안 기설정된 차이를 가지는 행은 무시되어 판독 프레임 레이트를 증가시키는 레인지 센서.
- 제4 항에 있어서,
상기 픽셀 어레이의 상기 픽셀 셀들은 비닝(binning)되어 민감도를 증가시키는 레인지 센서.
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| KR102545703B1 (ko) | 2023-06-20 |
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