KR20200051588A - 냉매 - Google Patents
냉매 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20200051588A KR20200051588A KR1020207004907A KR20207004907A KR20200051588A KR 20200051588 A KR20200051588 A KR 20200051588A KR 1020207004907 A KR1020207004907 A KR 1020207004907A KR 20207004907 A KR20207004907 A KR 20207004907A KR 20200051588 A KR20200051588 A KR 20200051588A
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Abstract
Description
| 냉매 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| R744(wt%) | 31 | 45.8 | 35 | 35 |
| R125(wt%) | 69 | 32.5 | ||
| R32(wt%) | 54.2 | 32.5 | ||
| R410A(wt%) | 65 | |||
| 온도 활주 (K) | 17.1 | 15.9 | 15.7 | 15.7 |
| 온도 활주(℃) | -77.7 내지 -60.6 | -78.7 내지 -62.8 | -77 내지 -61.3 | -77 내지 -61.3 |
| 어는점(℃) | -80 | -87 | -86 | -86 |
도 1은 냉매에 대한 압력-엔탈피 다이어그램이다.
도 2는 냉각 디바이스의 제1 실시예의 개략도이다.
도 3은 냉각 디바이스의 제2 실시예의 개략도이다.
도 4는 냉각 디바이스의 제3 실시예의 개략도이다.
도 5는 냉각 디바이스의 제4 실시예의 개략도이다.
도 6은 냉각 디바이스의 제5 실시예의 개략도이다.
12...열교환기 13...압축기
14...응축기 15...팽창 요소
16...다른 냉각 회로 17...고압측
18...저압측 19...내부 열교환기
22...증발 섹션 23...냉각 디바이스
25...열교환기 26...압축기
27...응축기 28...팽창 요소
29...내부 열교환기 30...다른 냉각 디바이스
31...제1 바이패스 32...제2 바이패스
33...내부 냉각 시스템 36...다른 냉각 디바이스
37...다른 냉각 회로 38...응축기
39...냉각 회로 40...캐스케이드 열교환기
41...다른 바이패스 42...다른 팽창 요소
44...냉각 회로 45...다른 냉각 회로
46...내부 열교환기 47...열교환기
Claims (20)
- 냉매가 상 전이(phase transition)를 경험하고, 적어도 하나의 열교환기(12,25,47)를 가진 냉각 회로(11,24,39,44)를 구비하는 냉각 디바이스(10,23,30,36,43)용 냉매로서,
상기 냉매는 이산화탄소(CO2)의 질량 분율 및 적어도 하나의 다른 컴포넌트의 질량 분율로 구성된 냉매 혼합물로 되어 있고;
상기 냉매 혼합물 내의 상기 이산화탄소의 질량 분율은 10 내지 50 질량 %, 바람직하게 30 내지 50 질량 %이고, 상기 다른 컴포넌트는 펜타플루오로에테인(C2HF5) 및/또는 디플루오로메테인(CH2F2)으로 되어 있는, 냉매.
- 청구항 1에서,
상기 냉매 혼합물 내의 상기 이산화탄소의 질량 분율은 31 내지 46 질량 %인, 냉매.
- 청구항 1에서,
상기 이산화탄소의 질량 분율은 30 내지 33 질량 %, 바람직하게 31 질량 %이고, 상기 펜타플루오로에테인의 질량 분율은 70 내지 67 질량 %, 바람직하게 69 질량 %인, 냉매.
- 청구항 1에서,
상기 이산화탄소의 질량 분율은 44 내지 48 질량 %, 바람직하게 45.8 질량 %이고, 상기 펜타플루오로메테인의 질량 분율은 56 내지 52 질량 %, 바람직하게 54.2 질량 %인, 냉매.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 4 중 어느 한 항에서,
상기 냉매 혼합물은 바이너리(binary) 혼합물인, 냉매.
- 청구항 1에서,
상기 냉매 혼합물은 부가적 컴포넌트로서 트리플루오로에틸렌, 1,1-디플루오로에텐(C2H2F2) 또는 플루오로에텐(C2H3F)를 가진, 냉매.
- 청구항 1에서,
상기 이산화탄소의 질량 분율은 33 내지 38 질량 %, 바람직하게 35 질량 %이고, 상기 펜타플루오로에테인의 질량 분율은 33.5 내지 31 질량 %, 바람직하게 32.5 질량 %이고, 상기 디플루오로메테인의 질량 분율은 33.5 내지 31 질량 %, 바람직하게 32.5 질량 %인, 냉매.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 7 중 어느 한 항에서,
상기 이산화탄소의 질량 분율은 33 내지 38 질량 %, 바람직하게 35 질량 %이고, 냉매 R410A 또는 냉매 R410B의 질량 분율은 67 내지 62 질량 %, 바람직하게 65 질량 %인, 냉매.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 8 중 어느 한 항에서,
상기 냉매는 비공기(zeotropic)이고,
상기 냉매는 10K 이상, 바람직하게 15K 이상, 특히 바람직하게 18K 이상의 온도 활주(glide)를 가진, 냉매.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 9 중 어느 한 항에서,
상기 냉매는 20년에 걸쳐, <2500, 바람직하게 <1500, 특히 바람직하게 <500의 상대 CO2 당량을 가진, 냉매.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 10 중 어느 한 항에서,
상기 냉매는 불연성인, 냉매.
- 공기를 컨디셔닝하기 위한 테스트 챔버로서,
테스트 재료를 수용하는 기능을 하고 환경에 대해 밀봉될 수 있고 온도-절연된 테스트 공간, 및
상기 테스트 공간의 온도를 제어하기 위한 온도 제어 디바이스를 구비하고,
상기 온도 제어 디바이스에 의해 -70℃ 내지 +180℃ 범위의 온도가 상기 테스트 공간 내에 수립될 수 있고,
상기 온도 제어 디바이스는, 청구항 1 내지 청구항 11 중 어느 한 항에 따른 냉매를 가진 냉각 회로(11,24,39,44)를 포함하는 냉각 디바이스(10,23,30,36,43), 열교환기(12,25,47), 압축기(13,26), 응축기(14,27,38) 및 팽창 요소(15,28)를 구비하는, 테스트 챔버.
- 청구항 12에서,
상기 냉각 회로(11,24,39,44)는 내부 열교환기(19,29,46)를 구비하고, 상기 내부 열교환기는 상기 팽창 요소(15,28)의 냉각 회로 상류와 상기 응축기(14,27,38)의 하류의 고압측(17)에 연결되고, 상기 압축기(13,26)의 냉각 회로 상류와 상기 열교환기(12,25,47)의 하류의 저압측(18)에 연결되는, 테스트 챔버.
- 청구항 12 또는 청구항 13에서,
상기 열교환기(12,25,47)는 상기 냉매가 상기 열교환기 내에서 부분적으로만 증발할 수 있도록 구성되는, 테스트 챔버.
- 청구항 12 내지 청구항 14 중 어느 한 항에서,
상기 응축기(14,27,38)는 상기 냉각 디바이스의 다른 냉각 회로(36,43)의 캐스케이드 열교환기(40)로서 구현되는, 테스트 챔버.
- 청구항 12 내지 청구항 15 중 어느 한 항에서,
상기 온도 제어 디바이스는 히터 및 상기 테스트 공간 내의 가열 열교환기를 포함하는 가열 디바이스를 구비하는, 테스트 챔버.
- 청구항 12 내지 청구항 16 중 어느 한 항에서,
적어도 하나의 제어가능한 제2 팽창 요소(33)를 가진 제1 바이패스(31)가 상기 냉각 회로(24,39,44) 내에 구현되고,
상기 제1 바이패스는 상기 내부 열교환기(29,46)의 냉각 회로 상류와 상기 응축기(27,38)의 하류에 연결되어 있고,
상기 바이배스는 부가적인 제어가능한 내부 냉각(34)으로서 구현되어 있는, 테스트 챔버.
- 10 내지 50 질량 %, 바람직하게 30 내지 50 질량 %의 이산화탄소(CO2)의 질량 분율 및 펜타플루오로에테인(C2HF5) 및/또는 디플루오로메테인(CH2F2)으로 되어 있는 적어도 하나의 다른 컴포넌트의 질양 분율로 조성된 냉매 혼합물로 구성되고, 테스트 챔버의 테스트 공간 내의 공기를 컨디셔닝하기 위한 냉매의 용도로서,
상기 테스트 공간은 테스트 재료를 수용하는 기능을 하고 환경에 대해 밀봉되어 있고 온도-절연되며,
냉매를 가진 냉각 회로(11,24,39,44), 열교환기(12,25,47), 압축기(13,26), 응축기(14,27,38) 및 팽창 요소(15,25,28)를 구비하는, 상기 테스트 챔버의 온도 제어 디바이스의 냉각 디바이스(10,23,30,36,43)는, -60℃ 내지 +180℃, 바람직하게 -70℃ 내지 +180℃, 특히 바람직하게 -80℃ 내지 +180℃의 온도에서 상기 테스트 공간의 온도를 수립하는데 사용되는, 냉매의 용도.
- 청구항 18에서,
상기 팽창 요소(15,25,28)의 냉각 회로 상류와 상기 응축기(14,27,38)의 하류의 고압측(17)에 연결되고 상기 압축기(13,26)의 냉각 회로 상류와 상기 열교환기(12,25,47)의 하류의 저압측(18)에 연결되는, 상기 냉각 회로(11,24,39,44)의 내부 열교환기(12,29,46)는, 상기 고압측의 냉매를 냉각시키는데 이용되고,
상기 내부 열교환기를 이용한 상기 고압측의 냉매의 냉각은 팽창 요소에 있는 증발 온도를 낮추는데 이용되는, 냉매의 용도.
- 청구항 18 또는 청구항 19에서,
상기 고압측(17)의 냉매는 상기 내부 열교환기(19,29,46)를 이용하여 상기 하류측 상의 일정한 흡입 압력에서 저압측(18)의 냉매에 의해 냉각되는, 냉매의 용도.
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| DE102017216363A1 (de) | 2019-03-14 |
| DE102017012212A1 (de) | 2019-03-14 |
| ES2955048T3 (es) | 2023-11-28 |
| JP7539603B2 (ja) | 2024-08-26 |
| EP3964556A1 (de) | 2022-03-09 |
| SG11202001938RA (en) | 2020-04-29 |
| WO2019048250A1 (de) | 2019-03-14 |
| EP3964556B1 (de) | 2023-08-23 |
| EP3786255B1 (de) | 2025-01-22 |
| EP3679109A1 (de) | 2020-07-15 |
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| KR102708097B1 (ko) | 2024-09-19 |
| DE102017012211A1 (de) | 2019-03-14 |
| US20210040366A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
| JP2020533474A (ja) | 2020-11-19 |
| EP3679109B1 (de) | 2023-06-07 |
| EP3786255A1 (de) | 2021-03-03 |
| ES2965363T3 (es) | 2024-04-15 |
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