KR20210091042A - The leather fiber for spun yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a leather fiber for yarn, wherein the leather fiber for forming the yarn uses leather selection and leather fiber separation technology to obtain leather fibers from leather fibers extracted from cowhide, thereby improving physical properties of the yarn.

Description

Leather fiber for leather spinning {THE LEATHER FIBER　FOR　SPUN YARN}

The present invention relates to a leather fiber for a leather spun yarn with uniform physical properties that can be practically used by using a leather sorting technique to obtain a leather fiber and a leather fiber separation technique.

Natural leather is a tough skin that covers an animal's body and is widely used in various fields such as bags, shoes, and furniture due to its excellent properties. After being separated from the animal body, natural leather is manufactured into a product through chemical and physical processing, and it is essential to cut it according to the design of the desired product among the various stages of processing. However, a large amount of leather waste is generated during the cutting process, and most of the leather waste is treated by incineration and landfill, thereby seriously raising environmental problems. Therefore, there is a need for various research and development related to the recycling method of leather waste.

The conventional method of using leather waste is used as a spinning material by using shaving scrap generated during the tanning process of leather, as in Korean Patent Registration No. 765549 and Patent Publication No. 2018-0118386, or as a shaving scrap ( A method of manufacturing a web-type regenerated leather sheet using shaving scrap) is mainly used.

The above prior art uses shaving scrap generated during the tanning process, and it is not a method of using a cutting process generated in the cutting process or a plate/flaky leather waste discharged as a cutting waste, but a method of using raw hides and leather It is a technology that uses process by-products generated in the early stages of formation.

Accordingly, the present inventors developed leather fibers capable of producing leather spun yarn from leather waste, making it possible to manufacture fabrics, knitted fabrics, and lace materials including the properties of leather, and by replacing the leather materials used in the existing bags and sneakers, in season The present invention was completed by discovering that high-quality leather spun yarn can be manufactured without being affected by heat retention and general flame retardancy of natural leather.

The present invention was invented to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a leather fiber for making a leather spun yarn that can be used practically by using a leather selection and leather fiber separation technology to obtain a leather fiber do it with

In addition, an object of the leather fiber is to provide a leather spun yarn excellent in shape stability and uniformity as a spun yarn by controlling the fiber thickness and length in a separate process.

The present invention provides a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that in the leather fiber for spinning, the leather fiber forming the spun yarn is a leather fiber extracted from cowhide.

In addition, there is provided a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that 10% by weight or more of the leather fiber content forming the spun yarn is a leather fiber extracted from full-grain leather.

In addition, 30% by weight or more of the leather fiber content forming the spun yarn provides a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that the leather fiber extracted from the full-grain leather.

In addition, 10% by weight or more of the leather fiber content forming the spun yarn provides a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that the leather fiber extracted from top-grain leather.

In addition, it provides a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that the thickness index (M) of the leather fiber satisfies Equation 1.

[Equation 1] M = D1/D2 ≤ 60

D1: Average of 10 fibers with maximum thickness included in 1mg of leather fiber

D2: Average of 10 fibers with the minimum thickness included in 1mg of leather fiber

In addition, it provides a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that the leather fiber having a thickness of 100 ~ 200㎛ of the leather fiber is 30% by weight or more of the total leather fiber.

In addition, it provides a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that the leather fiber having an H value of 30 or more defined by the following formula 2 among the leather fibers is 30% by weight or more of the total leather fiber.

[Equation 2] H = (length of leather fiber)/ (thickness of leather fiber)

In addition, it provides a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that the leather fiber having an H value of 40 or more among the leather fibers is 15% by weight or more of the total leather fiber.

In addition, it provides a leather article comprising the leather fiber described above.

In addition, it provides a leather article, characterized in that the uniformity (U%, USTER METHOD) of the leather article is 20% or less.

As described above, the leather fiber for leather spinning according to the present invention has the effect of uniform physical properties that can be practically used by the leather spinning yarn including the leather fiber by using the leather selection and leather fiber separation technology to obtain the leather fiber.

In addition, the leather fiber has an excellent effect of controlling the fiber thickness and length in a separate process, and thus has excellent shape stability and uniformity as a spun yarn.

In addition, after the cowhide used in the present invention is cut, the discarded leather can be utilized as a leather fiber, which has a beneficial effect on the environment.

1 is a photograph showing the thickness of a leather fiber according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, it should be noted that in the drawings, the same components or parts are denoted by the same reference numerals as possible. In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of related known functions or configurations are omitted so as not to obscure the gist of the present invention.

As used herein, the terms 'about', 'substantially' and the like are used in or close to the numerical value when manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated meaning are presented, and provide an understanding of the present invention. To help, precise or absolute figures are used to prevent unfair use by unscrupulous infringers of the stated disclosure.

The present invention relates to a leather fiber for leather spinning yarn formed of general fibers such as leather fiber and synthetic fiber, and relates to a leather fiber for leather spinning yarn with improved physical properties by using a leather selection and leather fiber separation technology to obtain a leather fiber. .

The general fibers may be natural fibers such as cellulose-based natural fibers, protein-based natural fibers, and mineral fibers, and may be regenerated and semi-synthetic fibers such as cellulose-based artificial fibers, protein-based artificial fibers, and acetate-based fibers, and polyamide Fibers, polyester fibers, polyurethane fibers, polyurea fibers, polyacrylic fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polyvinylidene chloride fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, polystyrene It may be a synthetic fiber such as a fiber-based fiber and a polyfluoroethylene-based fiber.

The general fiber may be appropriately selected and used according to the purpose and purpose for which the leather spun yarn of the present invention is used.

When the leather fiber is applied to the spun yarn, it is preferable to contain 10% by weight or more. It is more preferable that the leather fiber is contained in an amount of 20% by weight or more, and it is preferably contained in an amount of 80% by weight or less for physical properties.

The leather fibers used in the present invention are obtained from leather, and the leather has a certain length as scraps in the form of flakes/plates, so that it is possible to extract the fibers.

The method for obtaining the leather fibers can be obtained by crushing and pulverizing the leather with the leather waste treatment apparatus of Korean Patent Registration No. 1804099, and then separating the leather fibers through the separation process of the undifferentiated leather.

The separation process can improve the physical properties of the leather spun yarn and the uniformity of the leather article including the leather spun yarn by separating the leather fibers and uniformly separating the leather fibers.

In the pulverized leather formed by the leather waste treatment device, the leather fibers in the form of powder and irregular leather fibers having a thickness ranging from several μm to hundreds of μm are mixed, and leather fibers having uniform length and thickness must be separated through a separation process. .

The separation process is a process of separating leather fibers through air pressure, and the air pressure is applied to the leather fibers, and the leather fibers can be separated through the moving distance of the leather fibers due to the air pressure.

The separation process can be performed by moving the leather fibers vertically or horizontally with the ground through air pressure to separate the leather fibers, and it will be preferably carried out in such a way as to obtain the leather fibers floated to a certain height by moving vertically.

The air pressure of the separation process is preferably 2 to 10 bar, and more preferably, it will be preferable to use an air pressure of 4 to 8 bar.

As the number of times of the separation process is increased, uniform classification of the thickness and length of the fibers is possible, but it is preferable to perform 2 to 8 times for process efficiency, and more preferably 3 to 5 times.

As an example of the separation process, it can be carried out in such a way as to obtain leather fibers floating 1 to 4 m after flotation of leather fibers with an air pressure of 2 to 8 bar in a tube formed perpendicular to the ground, and formed horizontally with the ground After moving the leather fibers with an air pressure of 2 to 8 bar in the tube, it will also be possible to perform in a way to obtain the leather fibers moved 2 to 6 m.

As the leather that can be used in the present invention, various leathers such as cowhide, sheepskin, pigskin, etc. can be used, but sheepskin or pigskin is thinner than cowhide and has low strength, so the length of the leather fiber is too short, so it is difficult to manufacture it as a spun yarn Therefore, it would be preferable to extract the leather fiber for spinning of the present invention from cowhide.

After the cowhide used in the present invention is cut to fit the design of the product during the leather process, it will be possible to use the discarded leather.

In addition, the leather before processing is divided into a grain surface, which is a dense surface of the tissue, and a split surface, which forms a reticular layer with the dermis of the skin, and a mixed layer exists between the silver surface and the upper surface.

According to the above classification, full-grain leather is leather formed with a silver surface, top-grain leather is leather formed with a part of silver surface and a mixed layer, and split leather is leather formed with an upper surface.

The leather classified as described above has different physical properties when formed into leather fibers.

The leather fiber formed of the full-grain leather has a dense fiber arrangement and is formed of high-density silver cotton, so it has excellent physical properties such as durability and strength, and has a rough feel due to strong bonding between fibers. is leather formed with a reticulated layer, and is inferior to the leather fibers formed from full-grain leather in terms of strength, etc., but has the advantage of loose inter-fiber bonding and superior feel compared to full-grain leather.

The leather fiber formed of the top-grain leather is formed as a mixed layer with a part of the silver side, and has intermediate properties between the full-grain leather and the split leather.

The present invention is an invention in which the physical properties of a leather spun yarn are increased through the content of leather fibers obtained from full-grain leather having a dense fiber arrangement and high density, and the total leather fiber content contained in the leather spun yarn formed from the leather fibers of the present invention is 10 It will be preferable that the weight % or more are leather fibers extracted from full-grain leather.

10% by weight or more of the leather fiber content contained in the leather spun yarn can improve physical properties such as strength by using leather fibers extracted from full-grain leather, and more preferably 30% by weight or more.

As the content of the leather fibers extracted from the full-grain leather increases, the physical properties of the leather spun yarn are improved, but the tactile feel may be reduced, so it is preferable that the leather fibers extracted from the full-grain leather be contained in less than 70% by weight of the leather fibers. will be.

In order to improve the physical properties and feel of the leather spun yarn containing the leather fiber of the present invention, 10% by weight or more of the total leather fiber content contained in the leather spun yarn formed from the leather fiber of the present invention is a leather fiber extracted from top-grain leather. it would be preferable

The leather fiber extracted from the top-grain leather is a leather fiber that is superior to the leather fiber extracted from the full-grain leather while maintaining physical properties, and it will be possible to improve the feel of the leather spun yarn by containing the leather fiber extracted from the top-grain leather. .

The leather fiber of the present invention obtained through the separation process satisfies the following formula 1 when the average of 10 maximum thicknesses of the leather fibers contained in 1 mg of the leather fibers is D1, and the average of 10 minimum thicknesses is D2. It would be desirable

[Equation 1] M = D1/D2 ≤ 60

D1 : Average of 10 maximum fiber thicknesses in 1mg of fiber

D2: Average of 10 minimum fiber thicknesses in 1mg of fiber

When the M value of Equation 1 exceeds 60, fairness in manufacturing the spun yarn may be deteriorated, and the uniformity of the spun yarn may be reduced.

In addition, it was confirmed that the leather fiber has a large proportion of the fibers having a thickness of 100 to 200 μm in the whole, and the higher this ratio, the better the shape stability and workability of the yarn. When a fiber having a thickness of 100 to 200 μm is defined as MF (main fiber), it will be preferable that the MF is 30% by weight or more of the leather fiber of the total leather fiber.

The distribution of the thickness and length of the fibers constituting it is important for the physical properties and shape stability of the leather spun yarn of the present invention, and the ratio of the thickness (D) to the length (L) is defined as H (index) as shown in Equation 2 below. In this case, it is preferable that the H value of 30 or more leather fibers is 30% by weight or more of the total leather fibers, and it is more preferable that the H value of 40 or more leather fibers is 15% by weight or more of the total leather fibers.

[Equation 2] H = (length of leather fiber)/ (thickness of leather fiber)

The larger the H value, the longer the length and the finer the thickness. The larger the H value of the leather fiber, the higher the content of the leather fiber having the high H value, the better the physical properties and shape stability of the spun yarn.

Leather fibers having the above conditions are mixed with general fibers to produce spun yarn, and the leather spun yarn using the leather fibers of the present invention can be manufactured using a carding machine, a soft machine, a spinning machine, and a spinning machine, and a general spinning yarn production It may be manufactured by the process.

Hereinafter, a leather spun yarn including leather fibers was prepared as an example according to the present invention. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

◈ How to measure

* The strength of the spun yarn was measured using an Instron universal testing machine (UTM, Universal Testing Machine) under a measurement temperature of 20°C and a humidity of 65% based on ASTM D2256 standard.

* The sense of touch was averaged by giving a score of 100,000 points based on sensory evaluation by 10 textile experts.

* Average fiber maximum/minimum thickness (D1, D2): As shown in FIG. 1, it was observed with an optical microscope, and after measuring 10 pieces of minimum/maximum thickness, it was started as an average value.

* Spinning yarn formability (number of yarns): Number of yarns per 100,000m length of yarn when manufacturing yarn

* Spinning yarn uniformity (U%): Measured by USTER METHOD

◎ Example: Leather fiber according to the type of leather

After each pulverization of cowhide, sheepskin, and pigskin using a leather waste treatment device, each leather fiber was obtained by a separate process.

The separation process was obtained by flotation of leather fibers by air pressure in a tube formed perpendicular to the ground, and then separating the leather fibers to be floated more than 2m.

The separation process was performed twice, and the leather fibers were manufactured by performing at an air pressure of 6 bar.

The thickness index (M), H value, and fiber (MF) having a thickness of 100 to 200 μm of leather fibers prepared using cowhide, sheepskin, and pigskin were measured and described in Table 1 below.

division unit cowhide sheep pork skin Thickness index (M) - 57 45 52 H≥30 rate weight% 31 14 5 MF weight% 30 31 28

As shown in Table 1, cowhide, sheepskin, and pigskin all have a thickness index of 60 or less, and the difference in the content of fibers (MF) having a thickness of 100 to 200 μm is not large, but H value, which is the ratio of the thickness and length of leather fibers This 30 or more sheepskin is 14% by weight, pigskin is 5% by weight, and the length of the leather fibers in sheepskin and pigskin is very short, so manufacturing processability will be greatly reduced when manufacturing the spun yarn.

As shown in Table 1, when leather fibers are extracted from cowhide, it can be seen that the H value of 30 or more leather fibers is 31 wt%, which is suitable for spinning.

◎ Example: Physical properties according to the fibers according to the leather used-1

After pulverizing the cowhide using a leather waste treatment device, each leather fiber was obtained by a separate process.

A leather spun yarn of 500 denier was prepared by mixing the obtained leather fibers with a fineness of 1.5 denier and a short length of 38 mm polyester fibers at a weight ratio of 50:50.

The separation process was carried out in such a way as to obtain leather fibers that floated over 2 m after flotation of leather fibers with an air pressure of 6 bar in a tube formed perpendicular to the ground, and the leather fibers obtained by repeating the process three times were used. Thus, leather spun yarn was prepared.

The leather fibers were extracted from full-grain leather and split leather of cowhide, and the strength and feel of the leather spun yarn according to the content of leather fibers extracted from the full-grain leather were measured and shown in Table 2.

full grain leather
content (wt%) Strength (g/d) touch 0 0.71 10 10 0.82 9.8 20 0.85 9.5 30 1.07 9.5 40 1.18 9.3 50 1.25 9.3 60 1.35 9.1 70 1.45 8.9 80 1.48 8.5 90 1.49 8.1 100 1.52 7.7

As shown in Table 2, as the content of the leather fibers extracted from the full-grain leather increases, the strength of the leather spun yarn increases, but it can be seen that the feel is decreased.

When the leather fiber extracted from the full-grain leather is 10% by weight, it can be seen that the strength is 0.8 g/d or more and has practicality, and when it contains 30% by weight, the strength is greatly increased, and the leather fiber extracted from the full-grain leather It is more preferable to contain 30% by weight or more, and it will be preferable to contain 70% by weight or less for the sense of touch.

◎ Example: Physical properties depending on the fibers according to the leather used-2

The ◎ was prepared in the same way as the physical properties-1 according to the fibers according to the leather used, but the leather fibers were extracted from full-grain leather, top-grain leather, and split leather to prepare a leather spun yarn.

Table 3 shows the strength and feel of the leather spun yarn according to the content of leather fibers extracted from the full-grain leather and top-grain leather.

full grain leather
content (wt%) top grain leather
content (wt%) robbery touch 10 10 0.83 9.8 10 20 0.83 9.7 10 30 0.85 9.8 20 10 0.87 9.7 20 20 0.88 9.5 20 30 0.91 9.5 30 10 1.11 9.6 30 20 1.12 9.5 30 30 1.15 9.6 40 10 1.21 9.5 40 20 1.25 9.4 40 30 1.28 9.6

As shown in Table 3, when the leather fibers extracted from the full-grain leather have the same content, the strength increases as the content of the leather fibers extracted from the top-grain leather increases, and it can be seen that there is no significant difference in the feel.

Therefore, it will be possible to improve the strength and feel by using the leather fibers extracted from the full-grain leather and the leather fibers extracted from the top-grain leather at the same time.

The leather fibers extracted from the top-grain leather will preferably contain 10% by weight or more.

◎ Example: Spinning fairness and uniformity according to the separation process

Example 1

After pulverizing the cowhide using a leather waste treatment device, each leather fiber was obtained by a separate process.

A leather spun yarn of 500 denier was prepared by mixing the obtained leather fibers with a fineness of 1.5 denier and a short length of 38 mm polyester fibers at a weight ratio of 50:50.

The separation process was carried out in such a way as to obtain a leather fiber flotation of 2 m or more after flotation of leather fibers by air pressure in a tube formed perpendicular to the ground.

The separation process was performed twice, and leather fibers were obtained by performing at an air pressure of 6 bar.

Example 2

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process three times were used.

Example 3

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process 4 times were used.

Example 4

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process 5 times were used.

Comparative Example 1

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but the leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process once at an air pressure of 4 bar were used.

Comparative Example 2

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process once at an air pressure of 3 bar were used.

Comparative Example 3

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process once at an air pressure of 2 bar were used.

Comparative Example 4

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process twice at an air pressure of 4 bar were used.

Comparative Example 5

A leather spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but leather fibers obtained by performing the separation process twice at an air pressure of 3 bar were used.

Thickness index (M), H value, fiber (MF) having a thickness of 100 to 200 μm and spun yarn manufacturing processability (number of yarns), spun yarn uniformity (U) of the leather fibers obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 %) is shown in Tables 4 and 5 below.

division unit Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Thickness index (M) - 57 45 32 25 H≥30 rate weight% 31 32 43 50 H≥40 rate weight% 15 18 24 35 MF weight% 30 36 41 50 Manufacturing Fairness
(Number of threads) dog 3.2 2 1.8 1.5 spun yarn U% % 19.7 16.7 14.5 13.9

division unit Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Thickness index (M) - 63 70 88 56 54 H≥30 rate weight% 28 22 16 32 32 H≥40 rate weight% 13 11 6 17 16 MF weight% 28 27 22 21 19 Manufacturing Fairness
(Number of threads) dog 12.6 15.8 not moldable 8.8 9.2 spun yarn U% % 29.3 36.7 - 22.1 24

As shown in Tables 4 and 5, the leather fibers of Examples 1 to 4 have a thickness index (M) of 60 or less, and as the number of separate processes increases, the thickness index (M) decreases and the H value of the leather fibers is large. It can be seen that the content increases.

In addition, as in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, when the air pressure is low in the separation process, it can be seen that the separation process is insufficient and all conditions such as the thickness index are not satisfied.

The leather spun yarn prepared from the leather fibers of Examples 1 to 4 has excellent manufacturing processability of less than 5 yarn moldability (number of yarn cuts) compared to the leather fibers of Comparative Examples, and the uniformity of the leather spun yarn produced is U% 20 or less It can be confirmed that the quality of

As in Examples 1 to 4, if the separation process for separating the leather fibers is performed three or more times at an air pressure of 4 bar, it will be possible to improve the physical properties by increasing the sterilization of the leather spinning.

Claims (10)

In the leather fiber for spinning,
Leather fiber forming the spun yarn is a leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that it is a leather fiber extracted from cowhide. According to claim 1,
Leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that 10% by weight or more of the content of leather fibers forming the spun yarn is leather fibers extracted from full-grain leather. According to claim 1,
Leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that 30% by weight or more of the content of the leather fibers forming the spun yarn is leather fibers extracted from full-grain leather. According to claim 1,
Leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that 10% by weight or more of the content of leather fibers forming the spun yarn is leather fibers extracted from top-grain leather. According to claim 1,
Leather fiber for spinning, characterized in that the thickness index (M) of the leather fiber satisfies Equation 1.
[Equation 1] M = D1/D2 ≤ 60
D1: Average of 10 fibers with maximum thickness included in 1mg of leather fiber
D2: Average of 10 fibers with the minimum thickness included in 1mg of leather fiber According to claim 1,
Leather fibers for spinning, characterized in that the leather fibers having a thickness of 100 ~ 200㎛ among the leather fibers is 30% by weight or more of the total leather fibers. The method of claim 1
Leather fibers for spinning, characterized in that the leather fibers having an H value of 30 or more defined by the following formula 2 among the leather fibers are 30 wt% or more of the total leather fibers.
[Equation 2] H = (length of leather fiber)/ (thickness of leather fiber) The method of claim 1
Leather fibers for spinning, characterized in that the leather fibers having an H value of 40 or more among the leather fibers are 15% by weight or more of the total leather fibers. A leather article comprising the leather fibers of any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. The method of claim 9,
A leather article, characterized in that the uniformity (U%, USTER METHOD) of the leather article is 20% or less.

Images