LT6553B - Combine harvester arrangement on railway carriages - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a method for arranging heavy agricultural machinery onto a train wagon. This method is compliant with "International freight transportation agreement (SMGS" regulations and provides an effective way of transporting heavy loads. In the most preferred embodiment, the method comprises steps of: preparation of wagon, loading of the first load; loading of the second load; loading of the third load. In the most preferred embodiment, the wagon is 4-axle platform 23-469-07 model wagon, and loads are models of the W540 or W550 oversized John Deere combines.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to intermodal transport. Specifically, with techniques for placing heavy agricultural machinery on a railway wagon.

TECHNICAL LEVEL

Freight costs represent a significant part of the total cost of goods, so naturally solutions to reduce freight costs are actively being improved. Logistics costs are highest when transporting heavy goods vehicles by land. Agricultural machinery, which includes tractors, combine harvesters and other vehicles weighing between several and a dozen tonnes, is usually used on land by trains with specialized railway platform wagons.

However, unique solutions are needed for different models of wagons and vehicles, as different techniques with different layouts generate different loads and because each wagon can withstand different maximum allowable loads and load generated moments due to its technical characteristics.

One such solution for the transport of heavy goods by train wagon is contained in European patent no. EP1366966 (A1), published 03-12-2003. The invention describes a wagon comprising two sets of four axles integrated into a wagon chassis (wagon chassis with transmission) which supports the load-bearing structure. Each chassis is equipped with means by which it can create longitudinal pull or compression force and the connecting axles. The connecting axles have reinforcing bars at right angles.

Another German patent no. DE102010000246 (A1), published 08-08-2018, describes a system having two pairs of support structures, wherein the ends of each pair are supported by a rotating device in a chassis frame. The other ends of the pores are turned toward the load and are either joined to the load or joined to each other to support the load. The rotating device has receptacles with integrated support structures, thereby enabling the support structures to move around the axis of the device. The present invention also describes a method of transporting a heavy load using said means.

Another U.S. patent no. US2007214997 (A1), published September 20, 2007, discloses an open top wagon and a method of transportation wherein the wagon has dimensions sufficient to accommodate a freight vehicle that meets the requirements of the American Railroad Association. The traction sheave is mounted on the side of the wagon frame and includes first and second flanges, which include means for receiving the connecting part of the rail vehicle.

The above inventions describe solutions for the transportation of heavy loads. However, the said patents disclose unconventional wagon vehicles, which means that the transportation of heavy loads in inventive ways requires the acquisition of revealing wagons, which drastically increases the cost of transportation, at least in the short term. Although U.S. Pat. US2007214997 (A1) discloses a wagon close to a conventional wagon, but additional means are also required to achieve the technical effect of the above invention.

THE SUBSTANCE OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above disadvantages, the present invention provides a method for locating heavy agricultural machinery on a railway wagon. This method meets the requirements of the Agreement on the International Carriage of Goods by Rail (SMGS) and creates an efficient solution for the transport of heavy goods. In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: preparing a wagon; cargo preparation; loading of the first cargo; loading of the second cargo; loading of the third cargo. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wagon is a 4-axle flatbed wagon model 23-469-07 and the cargo is a John Deere oversized W540 or W550.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

The drawings in the drawings are provided by way of reference only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. None of the drawings presented should be construed as limiting, but merely as examples of a possible embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 depicts a schematic diagram of the most preferred embodiment of the heavy machinery loading. Side view.

FIG. 2 depicts a schematic diagram of the most preferred embodiment of the heavy machinery loading. Top view.

FIG. 3 depicts the epiphysis of the bending moment.

FIG. 4 shows the distribution of bending moment and load.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the invention will hereinafter be described with reference to the drawings. In order that the embodiments of the invention may be illustrated in a clear and concise manner, elements not related to the embodiments of the invention will not be depicted in the drawings. In addition, identical or similar items have the same reference numbers wherever possible or practical. No less importantly, the dimensions of the elements are magnified or schematically illustrated, or some elements are not shown for clarity. The dimensions of each part may not reflect the actual size of the elements.

The object of the present invention is to provide an efficient solution for heavy loads. Specifically, it is a method for placing heavy agricultural machinery on a railway wagon (see Fig. 2).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method comprises the steps of: preparing a wagon (4); loading the first load (1); loading the second load (2); loading the third load (3).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during the step of preparing the wagon (4), the wagon (4) is prepared for loading by placing the first and second supports (9, 10) so that the loads (1-3) do not rest directly on the floor of the wagon (4). supports (9, 10). In this way load distribution is more efficient, since the first and second supports (9, 10) have larger areas than the contact areas of the combine. It should be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the first and second positions of the supports (9, 10) depend on the position of the load in contact with the support and should not limit the scope of the present invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during the step of preparing the cargoes (1-3), the front portions of the cargoes (1-3) are folded underneath. This is done to ensure that all loads (1-3) will fit on the wagon (4) and to more efficiently distribute the load on the wagon (4), its chassis (7) and the frame (8).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during the loading step of the first load (1), the first load (1) is loaded onto the wagon (4) by placing it on the first and second supports (9, 10) located in the front part of the wagon (4); the first load (1) is loaded onto the supports (9, 10) so that the front load part (5) protrudes from the wagon at a first distance. The load (1) is loaded so that it does not directly rest on the floor of the wagon (4), which is done by placing the support points of the first load (1) only on the supports (9, 10). It should be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to means for reversing the horizontal or vertical position of the cargo (13) and for loading with the assistance of a technician capable of effectively lifting and positioning the cargo (1-3) ). Such equipment may include hoists, cranes and other heavy lifting devices or assemblies.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first distance is the distance calculated from the most protruding part of the first load (1) to the front of the wagon (4). The front of the wagon (4) is considered to be the most protruding part of the wagon (4), not including the sides of the wagon (see Fig. 1). The first distance is from 0 to 400 millimeters (hereinafter referred to as mm in the abbreviations), and in a preferred embodiment the first distance is 400 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during the loading step of the second load (2), a second load (2) is loaded onto the wagon (4) by placing it on the first and second supports (9, 10) positioned in the middle (2) the part (6) is at a distance from the rear part (6) of the first load (1) at least at the second and third distances; the second load (2) is loaded so that it does not rest directly on the floor of the wagon (4) (see Fig. 1).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during loading step of the third load (3), a third load (3) is loaded onto the wagon (4) by placing it on first and second supports (9, 10) positioned at the rear of the wagon (4) (3) the portion (6) is spaced from the rear portion (6) of the second load (2) at least at the second and third distances; the third load (3) is loaded so that it does not directly rest on the floor of the wagon (4) (see Fig. 1).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second distance is the shortest distance between two adjacent loads, at least in a partially horizontal position. The second distance has a horizontal projection of at least 50 mm, and in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second distance has a horizontal projection of 50 mm. It should be clear to a person skilled in the art that the second distance is also the shortest distance between the front (5) of the third load (3) and the rear (6) of the second load (2).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the third distance is the shortest distance between two adjacent loads, at least in a partially upright position. The third distance has a vertical projection of at least 150 mm, and in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the third distance has a vertical projection of 150 mm. It should be clear to a person skilled in the art that the third distance is also the shortest distance between the front (5) of the third load (3) and the rear (6) of the second load (2).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wagon (4) is a 4-axle platform wagon model 23-469-07 with a length of 24m and is transported with an overhead platform. It should be clear to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is limited to a wagon model, since different wagon models require different calculations and loading methods. The invention disclosed herein solves the loading of loads (1-3) only for the specified model.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first, second and third loads (1-3) are John Deere oversized John Deere combine harvesters of the W540 or W550 model. These models have an oversize index of N-0020 and weight up to 16 tons. It should be clear to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is limited to a cargo model, since different load models require different calculations and loading methods. The invention disclosed herein solves the loading of loads (1-3) only for the specified combine harvesters. The wheels of the combine (1-3) are transported separately.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second supports (9, 10) are wooden beams arranged across the wagon (4). The first and second (9, 10) sizes can differ in order to provide an efficient horizontal arrangement of the loads (1-3). Here, the horizontal arrangement is defined as the arrangement whereby the horizontal axis of symmetry of the load (1-3) forms an angle of not more than 5 degrees with the horizontal axis of symmetry of the wagon (4). It should be clear to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to supports and any patent that effectively distributes the load on the wagon (4) is within the scope of the present invention. It should also be clear to a person skilled in the art that the present invention also encompasses fasteners which provide load (1-3) stability. Such means may include ropes, pads, latches, latches and other devices designed to restrain the movement of wheeled vehicles.

The specified distances and steps for the loading of heavy goods are in accordance with the requirements of the International Rail Freight Agreement (SMGS) and have been established through theoretical calculations and load simulations. The method of loading the cargoes (1-3) disclosed herein creates a solution that not only follows the stated rules, but also the bending moment of the wagon frame does not exceed the parameters specified by the manufacturer and maintains the overall wagon-load stability coefficient.

Section 7 of the abovementioned requirements, entitled 'Arrangement and attachment of wheeled machinery', states that the wheeled machinery must be at least 50 mm apart and 150 mm vertically apart.

The above calculations are performed by estimating the transverse stability of a loaded wagon by inequality:

v p

Here ⁰⁷¹ is the static load from wheel to rail. We calculate the static load using the formula:

^p - = i ^{v * * * * x} {y ^{+ Q} i ^x (° · ⁵ - ^> ( ¹ -1)} ^ ⁰⁸⁷¹ ^

Here ⁿ 'is the number of wheels of the wagon which in this embodiment is 8; a total transverse displacement of the center of gravity of the load which, in this embodiment, is 0 meters (hereinafter referred to as m); ^lcM is the total longitudinal displacement of the load center of gravity, which in this embodiment is 0.06 m. Extra pp vertical load from centrifugal force «and wind load ^e :

P _ų ^{+ Pb =} * { ^{θ, θ75 x {Qr + Q} ^ ^{x H} ^ ^{+ W} * ^{h + 3.8981 mc;}

Here, p is a coefficient that takes into account the wind load on the loaded system and the transverse displacement of the center of gravity due to said load due to spring deformation. In this embodiment, p = 4.11; S is half the track width, which in this embodiment is 1520 mm; W is the part of the load that is the result of the wind load; h is the height of the received wind forces above the PEM. So we get:

P + P

-as = 0.4289 <0.55 'cm

Therefore, we can state that the transverse stability and load are ensured (see Fig. 3, 4).

Claims (7)

1. The method of loading heavy agricultural machinery on a railway wagon, comprising the following steps: preparing the wagon (4); loading the first load (1) at a first distance; loading the second load (2) at a second and third distance; loading the third load (3) at a second and third distance; wherein during the step of preparing the wagon (4), the wagon (4) is prepared for loading by placing the first and second supports (9, 10); wherein the first distance is the distance calculated from the most protruding part of the first load (1) to the front of the wagon (4); wherein the second distance is the shortest distance between two adjacent loads, at least in a partially horizontal position; wherein the third distance is the shortest distance between two adjacent loads, at least in a partially vertical position, characterized in that, during the loading step of the first load (1), the first load (1) is loaded onto the wagon (4) by placing it on the first and second supports. 9, 10) such that the front part of the first load (1) protrudes from the wagon at a first distance; in that, during the loading step of the second load (2), the second load (2) is loaded onto the wagon (4) by placing it on the first and second supports (9, 10) so that the front part (6) of the second load (2) from the rear part (6) of the first load (1) at least at the second and third distances; in that during the loading step of the third load (3), the third load (3) is loaded onto the wagon (4) by placing it on the first and second supports (9, 10) so that the front part (6) of the third load (3) from the rear (6) of the first part of the load (1) at least at the second and third distances. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, during the first loading step of the first load (1), the first unloaded load (1) is loaded onto the wagon (4) so that the front part of the load protrudes from the wagon over a first distance. 1) directly rely only on the first and second supports (9,10). 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the first distance is from 0 to 400 mm. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second distance is at least 50 mm. 5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the third distance is at least 150 mm. 6. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wagon (4) is a 4-axle platform wagon model of model 23-469-07 with a length of 24m and transported by an overhead platform. 7. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the loads (1-3) are John Deere oversized John Deere harvesters of model W540 or W550; models with an oversize index of N0020; weighing up to 16 tonnes.