LU85168A1 - CIRCUIT FOR THE DRIVE AND BRAKE OPERATION OF ELECTRIC MOTOR VEHICLES - Google Patents

Description

L-2848

Ο Π 1 fi ftxRAND-DUCHÉ DE LUXEMBOURG Brevet N ° ......... V .....> / ......... I ....... V, O

you ....... 1.9 ....., 9.9: .9Χ. ™? .Ξ ..... ™.? ^ Monsieur le Ministre ... Æwëâ de l'Économie et des Classes Moyennes ître délivré ................................ ......... Service de la Propriété Intellectuelle

“LUXEMBOURG

Demande de Breyet d’invention I. Requête

Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH, Theodor-Stern-Kai 1, D-6000 ^ Frankfurt am Main, représentée par Monsieur Jean Waxweiler, 21-25 Allée Scheffer, Luxembourg, agissant en qualité de manda- (2) taire déposent) ce dix janvier mil neuf cent quatre-vingt-quatre ................................. (3) à ..1.5. .. (.. 9.9 ........ heures, au Ministère de l'Économie et des Classes Moyennes, à Luxembourg: 1. la présente requête pour l'obtention d'un brevet d'invention concernant: ... S..chaltung .... for driving and braking operation of electric powered (4) vehicles £ $ - ...................... .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ................................................ 41 / '2. la délégation de pouvoir, datée de each 3Ö ..... dëcëmËre 3. la description en langue. Allernende ........................ ......... de l'invention en deux exemp laires; ^. '4 .......... 2 .................... planches de dessin, en deux exemplaires; 5th la quittance des taxes versées au Bureau de l'Enregistrement à Luxembourg, le dix janvier mil neuf cent quatre-viaqt-quatre ....................... .................................................. ....................

déclare (nt) en assumant la responsabilité de cette déclaration, que l '(es) inventeur (s) est (sont): Heinz HÖ1M7 "Onkel-Tom-Strasse 35, D-1000 Berlin 37 · ^ revendiquent) pour la susdite demande de brevet la priorité d'une (des) demande (s) de (6) ..breYet .... d ..! .. ihY.e.ntlon ............. déposée (s) en (7) ... Allemagne ___________________________; ______________________________________ ,.

le 15 janvier 1983 sous le No. E 3301496.5 ____________________________________________ _ ^ au nom de Lic.e.nti. & ..... Pa, tent-Verwaltungs-GmbH ______________________________________________________________________________________ (8¾¾ élit (élisent) pour lui (elle) et, si désigné, pour son mandataire, à Luxembourg_______________________ # '..J.ean -... Waxweiler.r 21-2.5 Allée Schef.fer ...... Luxembourg ._______________________________________________________ (10) sollicite (nt) la délivrance d'un brevet d'invention pour l'objet décrit et représenté dans les annexas susmentionnées, - avec ajournement de cette délivrance à ....................... / ............ ........................ mois. (11)

Le folahdataire J) ............... 03 ^ .......

Γ IL Procès-verbal de Dépôt

La susdite demande de brevet d'invention a été déposée au Ministère de l'Économie et des Classes Moyennes, Service de la Propriété Intellectuelle à Luxembourg, en date du: 10.01.1984 'L / ^ • <i ^ X Pr- le M nistre | f Ί 'Ÿ à ..1.5 / .. 0.0 heures ^^ ^ ^^ ^ ®conom * ee * ^ es ^ asses Moyennes, A 68007 ///////

PRIORITY APPLICATION

the patent application

In Germany from January 15, 1983 under No. p 3301496.5

* DESCRIPTION

FOR A PATENT APPLICATION IN

GRAND DUCHY LUXEMBOURG Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH

"Circuit for the driving and braking operation of electric traction vehicles * - 1 - i 4

Circuit for the driving and braking operation of electric traction vehicles

The invention relates to a circuit for the driving and braking operation of electric traction vehicles, as defined in the preamble of claim 1. It is based on the basic circuit of a sequential circuit for AC operation, as e.g. 1 with a 1-capacitor quenching arrangement. Such sequential circuits each consist of an erasable asymmetrically semi-controlled bridge and an asymmetrically. semi-controlled only ignition controllable bridge. Variants with 1, 2 or 3 extinguishing capacitors are known and designed for the extinguishable bridge. It is e.g. referred to DE-PS 26 09 285 and DE-OS 21 26 111. With these circuits can be controlled by controlling the gate or. the section angle with attached

V

- 2 - * * gender AC voltage set a desired DC voltage or current. The circuit enables power factors TV from 0.85 to 0.95, but is not regenerative as a semi-controlled bridge.

Circuits are also known in which a current-dividing converter is placed between the DC voltage network and the DC load or intermediate circuit under the name of DC divider. These circuits are normally regenerative. To do this, the contactor is opened. If the network is not receivable, a brake thyristor is fired to convert the braking power into heat in a braking resistor.

The purpose of the invention is the implementation of a simple multi-system power converter using a proven (circuit. All known vehicle solutions otherwise use either a power supply for Ws feed and another for Gs feed or in another system (both power supplies in series means a high expenditure I of power and control electronics and, when using two ii converters in series, poor efficiency.

\ The actual technical task is to use the well-known sequential circuit 1, which has so far only been used for operation on AC networks, with its advantageous properties I by simple circuit changes, universal for driving and! ’To make brakes on DC and AC networks usable. When operating on DC voltage networks, it should also be possible to achieve a network or resistance brake.

The stated object is achieved for a circuit of the type mentioned at the outset in accordance with the characterizing features of claim 1.

i \ - 3 -

In addition to the reduction in effort, there is also an> increase in operational reliability from the reduction in components.

t.

Further expedient configurations can be found in the subclaims.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.

4th

Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a known sequential circuit. Fig. 2 shows a circuit according to the invention

The basic structure will be explained on the basis of the known circuit according to FIG. 1 - which was assumed in the invention. Thereafter, the separate supply of the sequential circuit of an erasable asymmetrically semi-controlled bridge 4 and an asymmetrically semi-controlled sequence bridge 3 is operated by an AC overhead line network 1 via a transformer 2 with separate secondary windings 2a, 2b. The latter feeds a load, not shown, at the terminals +, - via a load choke 6. The load can be a DC load, e.g. DC motors or an intermediate circuit.

The non-controllable valves of the Eschbaren Bridge 4 are designated 4.1, 4.2, the controllable valves 4.3 and 4.4.

5 is a quenching capacitor and 4.5 and 4.6 represent the associated quenching thyristors. From the following bridge 3, the non-controllable valves are denoted by 3.1 and 3.2 and the ^ ares by 3.3 and 3.4. M represents the mass inference.

- 4 -

In the following discussion of the invention, the chosen reference numerals have been largely retained for the same elements in the circuit.

2 now shows the circuit according to the invention for a.

optional connection to an AC voltage network 1.1 or a DC voltage network 1.2. The system is switched over to a system switch 17, the upper position 1 being - as can be seen - intended for DC operation. In DC operation, the secondary windings a and b of the transformer 2 are separated from the AC supply points of the bridges 3 and 4 (switches 21 and 22 are open) and it is fed directly via the line reactor 7, system switch 17 and switch 20. In the case of AC operation, the switches 21 and 22 are used for feeding. System switch 17 is then open in the lower position and Sehaljtf ^. A contactor 9 and a braking resistor 14 with a series-connected thyristor 13 have also been added.

The new circuit enables driving and braking on DC and AC networks. The DC voltage operation allows a network brake or a mixed network resistance brake. When AC voltage is fed in, only power in the braking resistor 14 can be converted. Regenerative power supply is not possible.

In the following functional description, the characteristic operating states are described with the respective current leads. The switching criteria between the operating states are formed by a higher-level controller, which is not the subject of the invention and / is suspended before.

- 5 -

About the function: r

AC voltage supply x.

The system switch 17 is in the switch position ue, i.e. in the lower position and switches 21 and 22 are 5 / Ba ^^ lÄrschütz 9 is closed for "driving", open for "braking". The pantograph for DC voltage is not on the contact wire or the corresponding main switch is open.

4 For "driving" in the "driving" state, the current runs - only the operation of the first bridge 4 is described - in the first half-wave via the main transformer secondary winding 2b, the valves 4.3, 3.2, 3.1, load choke 6, load and back via valve 4.2. In the next half-wave the current flows - again starting from winding 2b - via valves 4.1, 3.2, 3.1, load choke 6, load and back via valve 4.4. This is repeated alternately. In between are the states of deletion and free running. To extinguish after the first half-wave, the thyristor 4.5 is ignited and the commutation capacitor 5 with right-sided + polarity is discharged via the valve 4.3. Valve 4.3 goes out. The freewheeling always takes place via the non-controllable valves 4.1 and 4.2. This is followed by the second half-wave "drive, r as already described. To do this, valve 4.4 is ignited. To extinguish valve 4.4, valve 4.6 is now ignited, commutation capacitor 5 is again charged to the + polarity on the right-hand side and freewheeling is again carried out as described valves 4.2 and 4.1 The current flow in the freewheel is independent of the polarity of the network and the commutation capacitor 5.

If the resistance brake is to be switched on, the driving contactor 9 is to be opened and the thyristor 13 is to be ignited. The - 6 - ^ current then runs during generator operation of the motor - (load) from the negative terminal via the braking resistor 14,

Thyristor 13 and the valves 3.2, 3.1, load throttle 6 back to the engine. Here, too, the polarity of the commutation capacitor 5 is irrelevant.

v

There follows a state "free-wheel braking", in which the resistance brake is removed by firing the valves 4.4 and 4.3. In the following state "extinguishing free-wheel braking", depending on the polarity of the commutation capacitor 5, the valve 4.4 or the firing of Valve 4.5, valve 4.3 deleted and then the capacitor 5 reloaded.

When using the circuit as a mains converter in a three-phase drive system with impressed current, the following bridge 3 with secondary winding 2a of the main transformer 2 can be used to cover the loss during braking operation with the smallest braking power supplied by the motor. The current then runs when the contactor 9 is open from the negative terminal via the valves 4.4, 4.3, 3.4, winding 2a, valve 3.1, load choke 6, positive terminal or for the next half-wave of negative terminal, valves 4.4, 4.3, 3.2, winding 2a, valve 3.3 , Load choke 6, positive terminal.

Easily feed the top

Here, the system switch 17 is in position, the contact 20 is closed.

and switches 21 and 22 are open. Furthermore, the contactor 9 is closed when driving and opened when braking, the current collector 1.1 for AC voltage is stored and / or a corresponding main switch is open.

i «- 7 -

In the "driving" state, the current flows from the DC voltage network and the choke 7 or from the network capacitor 8 - the contactor 9, system switch 17, .. load choke 6 into * * the load and from there via the ignited DC chopper from the valves 4.4 and 4.3, switch 20 back.

The polarity of the commutation capacitor is arbitrary.

There follows a "extinguishing drive" state in which - as already described for AC operation - one of the two quenching thyriors 4.5 or 4.6 is ignited, depending on the charge on the commutation capacitor 5, and the capacitor discharge quenches the valve 4.3 or 4.4. After the commutation capacitor 5 has been reloaded, the state "freewheeling driving" results, in which the current flows via the valves 4.1 and 4.2 acting as a freewheeling diode.

In the "network brake" state, contactor 9 is open and the current flows via freewheel valves 4.2 and 4.1 into network capacitor 8 and into the network, which corresponds to an energy return. After reaching the permissible voltage at the line capacitor 8, the brake thyristor 13 can be ignited and the further braking energy in the braking resistor 14 can be converted into heat.

In the "free-running brakes" state, the DC regulator valves 4.4 and 4.3 are ignited and the current flows through these valves and the valves 3.1 and 3.2 which act as brake diodes.

Analogous to the state described in AC operation, it may also be necessary to control power from the network when braking with low generator power in DC operation. The exact connection can be made using an additional

K

- 8 - * * contactor 18 and a resistor 19 below

Use the ignited valve 3.3 as a bypass thistor.

w% - The series connection of two valves specified in DC control operation by using a pair of branches as a function group allows a similar control voltage in DC operation as the DC voltage in the subsequent connection in AC operation.

The basic circuit known as the LUB circuit represents a tried and tested solution for electric traction vehicles. The expansion of the circuit according to the invention by only a few components additionally opens up the area of application for multi-system vehicles, preferably in

Three-phase drive technology on DC and AC networks.

0

Claims (8)

1.Circuit for driving and braking operation of electric traction vehicles, especially for changing the power system e.g. for cross-border traffic, using a sequential circuit consisting of an erasable, asymmetrically semi-controlled bridge and an asymmetrically semi-controlled bridge, in which both bridges can be fed separately from the AC network, characterized in that in the same direction parallel between the erasable and the non-controllable valve branch pair (4.3 / 4.4 and 4.1 / 4.2) of the erasable bridge (4) the series connection of a braking resistor (14) and a thyristor (13) is arranged and between the cathodes of the adjacent 3 valves (4.1, 13 and 4.3) there is a switch (9 and 17) , of which the switch on the side to the non-controllable valve branch pair (4.1 / 4.2) as contactor (9) is open during braking and closed during ferry operation and - -10- the switch on the side to the erasable valve branch pair (4.3 / 4.4) as Selector switch (17) is used to switch the cathodes of the adjacent valves (13 and 4.3) in AC operation and in DC voltage gsbetrieb connects the * - direct current feed (point A) directly to the load circuit via the contactor (9), bypassing the following bridge (3), whereby the current return via the erasable valve branches (4.4, 4.3) ^ 4¾¾¾¾ ^ ¾¾¾0¾ ^^ 11 1 > The cathode side (point C) of the erasable pair of valve branches 4 (4.3 / 4.4) and the mass (M) of the switches (20) is carried out. 2. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that in DC operation, the connections to the AC voltage feed points of the two bridges (3 and 4) are interrupted by switches (21 and 22) and the DC voltage (+) on the cathode side (point A) of the non-controllable Valve branch pair (4.1 / 4.2) of the erasable bridge (4) is connected. A « 3. Circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a Netzkondensa- * 1 1 gate (8) is placed parallel to the DC voltage feed (point A) of the erasable bridge (4) and the ground (M). - 4. Circuit according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the right erasable valve branch pair (4.3 / 4.4) of the erasable bridge (4) as a DC regulator and the left non-controllable valve branch pair (4.1 and 4.2) when driving and applying a DC voltage. is effective as a "freewheel". Quenching thyristors (4.6, 4.5) and -11- 5. Circuit according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that during operation "network brake" and the presence of a DC voltage for energy recovery in the network, the uncontrolled left pair of valve branches (4.1 / 4.2) of the erasable * * bridge (4) and that right uncontrolled pair of valve branches (3.1 / 3.2) of the following bridge (3) are live. 6. A circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that for the freewheeling in braking operation, the current supply via the right erasable valve branch pair (4.3 / 4.4) of the erasable bridge (4) and the right uncontrolled valve branch pair (3.1 / 3.2) of the following bridge (3) . 7. Circuit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a switch (18) with series resistor (19) between the direct current supply (point A) and the dividing point of the left uncontrolled pair of valve branches (3.3 / for additional supply from the direct voltage network when braking with low power. 3.4) of the following bridge (3) is provided, through which the current is conducted into the load circuit with return to ground (M) via the right-hand erasable valve branch pair (4.3 / 4.4) of the erasable bridge (4). * 8. Circuit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for additional feed from the alternating voltage network when braking with low power, the current supply via the secondary winding (2a) of the follow-up bridge feed, via diagonal valves (3.3 and 3.2 or 3.1 and 3.4) of the follow-up bridge (3) and the right erasable pair of valve branches (4.3 / 4.4) of the erasable bridge (4). *) after igniting one valve (3.3)