LU86017A1 - DEVICE FOR FIXING A TEST BAR IN AXIAL TRACTION - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR FIXING A TEST BAR IN AXIAL TRACTION Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LU86017A1 LU86017A1 LU86017A LU86017A LU86017A1 LU 86017 A1 LU86017 A1 LU 86017A1 LU 86017 A LU86017 A LU 86017A LU 86017 A LU86017 A LU 86017A LU 86017 A1 LU86017 A1 LU 86017A1
- Authority
- LU
- Luxembourg
- Prior art keywords
- bar
- fixing
- shoulders
- arms
- axis
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014066 European mistletoe Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012300 Rhipsalis cassutha Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000221012 Viscum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0055—Generation of the force using mechanical waves, e.g. acoustic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0098—Tests specified by its name, e.g. Charpy, Brinnel, Mullen
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Description
i ! W21 6 -f COMMUNAUTE EUROPEENNE DE L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE (EURATOM) Bâtiment Jean Monnet Plateau du Kirchberg B.P. 1907i! W21 6 -f EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMUNITY (EURATOM) Jean Monnet Building Plateau du Kirchberg B.P. 1907
; L - 1019 LUXEMBOURG; L - 1019 LUXEMBOURG
l i il i i
Dispositif de fixation d'une barre de ! test en traction axiale L'invention se réfère à un dispositif de fixation d'une barre de test en traction axiale, permettant de libérer brusquement la barre à l'aide d'un détonateur et s'appliquant à deux épaulements de la barre, ces êpaulements étant symétriques par rapport à un plan incluant l'axe de la barre.Device for fixing a bar! test in axial traction The invention refers to a device for fixing a test bar in axial traction, making it possible to suddenly release the bar using a detonator and applying to two shoulders of the bar, these shoulders being symmetrical with respect to a plane including the axis of the bar.
Dans un article paru dans le périodique "Institute of Physics Conf.", Ser. N° 21, pages 22 à 30, 1974, on décrit une technique de test de métaux à la rupture, surtout en vue de connaître le comportement accidentel d'une enceinte nucléaire. A cet effet, on accouple un échantillon du matériau à tester sous forme d'une barre d'une part à une grande masse et d'autre part à un générateur d'une impulsion de tension longitudinale. Ce générateur se compose d'un moyen de précontrainte et d'un moyen de fixation - relâchement, ces deux moyens s'appliquant s aux deux extrémités d'une barre élastique qui constitue une prolongation de la barre de test et fait office d'un réservoir * d'énergie.In an article published in the periodical "Institute of Physics Conf.", Ser. N ° 21, pages 22 to 30, 1974, a technique for testing metals at break is described, especially with a view to determining the accidental behavior of a nuclear enclosure. To this end, a sample of the material to be tested is coupled in the form of a bar on the one hand to a large mass and on the other hand to a generator of a longitudinal voltage pulse. This generator is made up of a prestressing means and a fixing - relaxation means, these two means applying to the two ends of an elastic bar which constitutes an extension of the test bar and acts as a energy reservoir *.
Avant une opération de test on bloque les mpyens de fixation qui se trouvent entre la barre de test et la barre élastique, et on soumet cette dernière par le moyen de précontrainte à une tension longitudinale calibrée. Puis on relâche brusquement i - 2 - Γ '.......Before a test operation, the fixing means which are located between the test bar and the elastic bar are blocked, and the latter is subjected by the prestressing means to a calibrated longitudinal tension. Then we abruptly release i - 2 - Γ '.......
; « , les moyens de fixation, ce gui libère l'énergie stockée dans la barre élastique, cette énergie étant appliquée en tant qu' impulsion calibrée de tension à la barre de test.; ", The fixing means, this mistletoe releases the energy stored in the elastic bar, this energy being applied as a calibrated pulse of tension to the test bar.
La présente invention concerne en particulier ce moyen de fixation-relâchement et -elle a pour but de concevoir un dispositif de fixation permettant de créer une impulsion de tension aussi s raide que possible tout en évitant des oscillations ou des forces transversales qui pourraient gêner et falsifier le test.The present invention relates in particular to this means of fixing-loosening and its purpose is to design a fixing device making it possible to create a tension pulse as stiff as possible while avoiding oscillations or transverse forces which could hamper and falsify the test.
On connaît par ledit article un dispositif de fixation d'une barre, comportant un intermédaire fragile qui est serré contre une dènt. faisant .partie de la barre. La libération de l'impulsion s'effectue lorsque la .tension axiale dépasse une valeur de seuil à laquelle l'intermédiaire fragile casse.Known from said article is a device for fixing a bar, comprising a fragile intermediate which is clamped against a tooth. being part of the bar. The pulse is released when the axial tension exceeds a threshold value at which the fragile intermediate breaks.
Cependant ce dispositif ne répond pas complètement aux exigences citées ci-dessus. En particulier, l'excentricité de la dent induit des oscillations transversales qui se superposent à l'impulsion longitudinale et qui falsifient les mesures. En outre il est difficile, voire impossible, de synchroniser des appareils d'enregistrement tels qu'une caméra à l'impulsion ainsi générée, car le déclenchement de l'impulsion est aléatoire.However, this device does not completely meet the requirements mentioned above. In particular, the eccentricity of the tooth induces transverse oscillations which are superimposed on the longitudinal impulse and which falsify the measurements. Furthermore, it is difficult, if not impossible, to synchronize recording devices such as a camera with the pulse thus generated, since the triggering of the pulse is random.
Un autre dispositif de fixation en traction longitudinale pour une barre de test est décrit dans la demande de brevet européen 79 301.353.3. Ce dispositif comporte deux boulons explosifs qui sont appliqués à deux épaulements symétriques de la barre et qui sont libérés simultanément par un détonateur électrique.Another device for fixing in longitudinal traction for a test bar is described in European patent application 79 301.353.3. This device comprises two explosive bolts which are applied to two symmetrical shoulders of the bar and which are released simultaneously by an electric detonator.
Ce dispositif souffre d'une certaine complexité nécessitant deux systèmes de détonation parfaitement synchronisés. En outre | . toute asymétrie, soit de l'attaque des boulons aux épaulements 1 de la barre, soit de l'explosion des boulons, induit des flexions transversales et réduit la raideur de l'impulsion. Cette raideur sans aucune assymétrie du système peut être réduite aussi par des flexions transversales dues à la flexibilité de l'attaque des boulons.This device suffers from a certain complexity requiring two perfectly synchronized detonation systems. In addition | . any asymmetry, either from the attack of the bolts at the shoulders 1 of the bar, or from the explosion of the bolts, induces transverse bending and reduces the stiffness of the impulse. This stiffness without any asymmetry of the system can also be reduced by transverse flexions due to the flexibility of the attack of the bolts.
Γ ,-.......Γ, -.......
I - 3 - L'invention a pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients et de proposer un dispositif selon le préambule de la revendication 1, se distinguant par sa simplicité de structure et de commande de déclenchement. Ce but est atteint èelon l'invention par le dispositif tel qu'il est caractérisé dans la revendication 1.I - 3 - The invention aims to avoid these drawbacks and to propose a device according to the preamble of claim 1, which is distinguished by its simplicity of structure and triggering control. This object is achieved according to the invention by the device as characterized in claim 1.
L'invention sera décrite ci-après en détail à l'aide d'un . exemple de réalisation et des dessins.The invention will be described below in detail using a. example of realization and drawings.
i La fig. 1 montre une vue latérale d'un dispositif selon l'in vention.i Fig. 1 shows a side view of a device according to the invention.
La fig. 2 représente le‘même dispositif selon une vue orthogonale à la présente.·'Fig. 2 shows the same device in a view orthogonal to the present.
Les figures montrent un morceau d'une barre élastiquè 1, qui est soumise par un moyen non représenté à une traction longitudinale selon une flèche 2. Cette traction est équilibrée par un dispositif de fixation qui est fixé sur un support non représenté et qui coopère avec deux êpaulements symétriques 3a et 3b solidaires de la barre 1.The figures show a piece of an elastic bar 1, which is subjected by a means not shown to a longitudinal traction according to an arrow 2. This traction is balanced by a fixing device which is fixed on a support not shown and which cooperates with two symmetrical shoulders 3a and 3b integral with the bar 1.
Le dispositif de fixation se compose de deux bras 4a et 4b et d'un boulon explosif 5, qui réunit les deux extrémités libres des bras alors que les autres extrémités sont articulées sur des boulons 6a et 6b solidaires du support.The fixing device consists of two arms 4a and 4b and an explosive bolt 5, which joins the two free ends of the arms while the other ends are articulated on bolts 6a and 6b secured to the support.
L'angle entre l'axe 7 de la barre 1 et les deux êpaulements 3a et 3b est choisi entre 120 et 150°, de préférence à 135°, de telle sorte que la traction exercée selon la flèche 2 sur la barre induit à travers ces êpaulements une force de traction au boulon explosif 5 tendant à écarter les bras. Un détonateur électrique 8 est prévu à l'intérieur du boulon 5 pour déclencher en temps voulu la rupture du boulon explosif le long d'une ligne de rupture préétablie. Le boulon explosif est disposé tangen-tieilement à la barre, son axe 9 étant perpendiculaire à l'axe 7 de la barre et perpendiculaire également aux axes 1Ü des boulons 6a et 6b solidaires du support.The angle between the axis 7 of the bar 1 and the two shoulders 3a and 3b is chosen between 120 and 150 °, preferably at 135 °, so that the traction exerted according to arrow 2 on the bar induces through these shoulders a force of traction with the explosive bolt 5 tending to spread the arms. An electric detonator 8 is provided inside the bolt 5 in order to trigger the rupture of the explosive bolt in due time along a pre-established rupture line. The explosive bolt is arranged tangentially to the bar, its axis 9 being perpendicular to the axis 7 of the bar and also perpendicular to the axes 1Ü of the bolts 6a and 6b secured to the support.
FF
; * 1 9 ψ - 4 - *; * 1 9 ψ - 4 - *
Lo-s d'un essai un échantillon est accouplé axialement à la barre 1 au-delà du dispositif de fixation par rapport au moyen de précontrainte (flèche 2). La.barre est maintenue par les bras 4a et 4b et le boulon explosif 5 de sorte que l'échantillon ne supporte pas des forces dé traction. La précontrainte de la barre selon la* flèche 2 est alors établie par un moyen approprié tel qu'une vis différentielle. Au moment opportun le détonateur électrique casse le boulon 5 et libère ainsi les deux bras qui s'écartent aussitôt. L'énergie de précontrainte emmagasinée dans la barre 1 est alors transmise sous forme d'une impulsion très raide à l'échantillon. A cause de la symétrie des boulons 6a et 6b, de la symétrie des êpaulements 3a et 3b et de la symétrie des bras 4a et 4b, ce dispositif n'induit pratiquement aucune force transversale à la barre malgré la présence d'un seul boulon explosif qui est nécessairement asymétrique.During a test, a sample is coupled axially to the bar 1 beyond the fixing device relative to the prestressing means (arrow 2). La.barre is held by the arms 4a and 4b and the explosive bolt 5 so that the sample does not support tensile forces. The prestressing of the bar according to * arrow 2 is then established by an appropriate means such as a differential screw. At the appropriate time, the electric detonator breaks the bolt 5 and thus frees the two arms which immediately move apart. The prestressing energy stored in the bar 1 is then transmitted in the form of a very stiff pulse to the sample. Because of the symmetry of the bolts 6a and 6b, the symmetry of the shoulders 3a and 3b and the symmetry of the arms 4a and 4b, this device produces practically no transverse force at the bar despite the presence of a single explosive bolt which is necessarily asymmetrical.
Le dispositif selon l'invention permet donc de générer une impulsion de traction pure d'une grande raideur et d'une reproductibilité remarquable.The device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to generate a pure traction pulse of great stiffness and of remarkable reproducibility.
! j )! j)
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU86017A LU86017A1 (en) | 1985-07-24 | 1985-07-24 | DEVICE FOR FIXING A TEST BAR IN AXIAL TRACTION |
| EP86110046A EP0209889A1 (en) | 1985-07-24 | 1986-07-22 | Means for holding a test bar under axial tension |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU86017A LU86017A1 (en) | 1985-07-24 | 1985-07-24 | DEVICE FOR FIXING A TEST BAR IN AXIAL TRACTION |
| LU86017 | 1985-07-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| LU86017A1 true LU86017A1 (en) | 1986-08-04 |
Family
ID=19730519
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU86017A LU86017A1 (en) | 1985-07-24 | 1985-07-24 | DEVICE FOR FIXING A TEST BAR IN AXIAL TRACTION |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0209889A1 (en) |
| LU (1) | LU86017A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU87368A1 (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-05-15 | Euratom | DEVICE FOR QUICKLY LOCKING AND RELEASING A TEST BAR SUBJECT TO TRACTION AND / OR TORSION EFFORTS |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3012810A (en) * | 1960-01-26 | 1961-12-12 | Blair N Tenney | High altitude load release |
| FR1299654A (en) * | 1961-06-14 | 1962-07-27 | Ruggieri Ets | Locking device |
| FR1458395A (en) * | 1965-09-02 | 1966-03-04 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Traction machine |
| IT1156855B (en) * | 1978-07-11 | 1987-02-04 | Euratom | MULTI-AXIAL MACHINE FOR DYNAMIC TESTS OF LARGE STRUCTURES |
-
1985
- 1985-07-24 LU LU86017A patent/LU86017A1/en unknown
-
1986
- 1986-07-22 EP EP86110046A patent/EP0209889A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0209889A1 (en) | 1987-01-28 |
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