NL7902201A - Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van op- tische fibers alsmede optische fibers vervaardigd met de werkwijze. - Google Patents
Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van op- tische fibers alsmede optische fibers vervaardigd met de werkwijze. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL7902201A NL7902201A NL7902201A NL7902201A NL7902201A NL 7902201 A NL7902201 A NL 7902201A NL 7902201 A NL7902201 A NL 7902201A NL 7902201 A NL7902201 A NL 7902201A NL 7902201 A NL7902201 A NL 7902201A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- oven
- preform
- condensation element
- heating chamber
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006240 drawn fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
- C03C25/106—Single coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
- C03B37/02718—Thermal treatment of the fibre during the drawing process, e.g. cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/029—Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/62—Heating means for drawing
- C03B2205/63—Ohmic resistance heaters, e.g. carbon or graphite resistance heaters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/70—Draw furnace insulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/80—Means for sealing the preform entry or upper end of the furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/82—Means for sealing the fibre exit or lower end of the furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/90—Manipulating the gas flow through the furnace other than by use of upper or lower seals, e.g. by modification of the core tube shape or by using baffles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/60—Optical fibre draw furnaces
- C03B2205/90—Manipulating the gas flow through the furnace other than by use of upper or lower seals, e.g. by modification of the core tube shape or by using baffles
- C03B2205/98—Manipulating the gas flow through the furnace other than by use of upper or lower seals, e.g. by modification of the core tube shape or by using baffles using annular gas inlet distributors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
- Y10S118/18—Wire and cord die
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7902201A NL7902201A (nl) | 1979-03-21 | 1979-03-21 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van op- tische fibers alsmede optische fibers vervaardigd met de werkwijze. |
| CA000347632A CA1157636A (en) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-13 | Method of and apparatus for manufacturing optical fibres, as well as optical fibres manufactured by means of the method |
| FR8005912A FR2451898A1 (fr) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-17 | Procede et dispositif pour fabriquer des fibres optiques, et fibres optiques fabriquees de la sorte |
| GB8009149A GB2044751B (en) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-18 | Method of making optical fibres |
| IT20745/80A IT1130992B (it) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-18 | Metodo ed apparato per la fabbricazione di fibre ottiche e fibre ottiche fabbricate con l'ausilio di tale metodo |
| GB8210275A GB2094675B (en) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-18 | Manufacturing optical fibres |
| US06/132,470 US4309201A (en) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-19 | Method of and apparatus for manufacturing optical fibres |
| DE19803010481 DE3010481A1 (de) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen optischer fasern sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestellte optische fasern |
| JP3681280A JPS55126544A (en) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-03-21 | Manufacture of optical fiber*apparatus therefor and optical fiber produced thereby |
| US06/155,696 US4314834A (en) | 1979-03-21 | 1980-06-02 | Coating apparatus for manufacturing optical fibers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7902201 | 1979-03-21 | ||
| NL7902201A NL7902201A (nl) | 1979-03-21 | 1979-03-21 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van op- tische fibers alsmede optische fibers vervaardigd met de werkwijze. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL7902201A true NL7902201A (nl) | 1980-09-23 |
Family
ID=19832841
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7902201A NL7902201A (nl) | 1979-03-21 | 1979-03-21 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van op- tische fibers alsmede optische fibers vervaardigd met de werkwijze. |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4309201A (it) |
| JP (1) | JPS55126544A (it) |
| CA (1) | CA1157636A (it) |
| DE (1) | DE3010481A1 (it) |
| FR (1) | FR2451898A1 (it) |
| GB (2) | GB2094675B (it) |
| IT (1) | IT1130992B (it) |
| NL (1) | NL7902201A (it) |
Families Citing this family (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1167852B (it) * | 1981-03-24 | 1987-05-20 | Stefano Sottini | Dispositivo di trasmissione di radiazione laser di alta potenza che utilizza una fibra ottica a sezione variabile e suo procedimento di realizzazione |
| US4370355A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1983-01-25 | Western Electric Company, Inc. | Methods of and apparatus for coating lightguide fiber |
| US4407666A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-10-04 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Methods for prolonging the useful life of a graphite element in an optical fiber-drawing furnace |
| US4437870A (en) | 1981-11-05 | 1984-03-20 | Corning Glass Works | Optical waveguide fiber cooler |
| CA1213441A (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1986-11-04 | Charles M. Darcangelo | Optical waveguide fiber cooler |
| US4514205A (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1985-04-30 | Corning Glass Works | Fiber cooling apparatus |
| US4396409A (en) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-08-02 | Corning Glass Works | Method of improving fatigue resistance of optical fibers |
| NL8302666A (nl) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-18 | Philips Nv | Inrichting voor het trekken van een optische vezel. |
| US4594088A (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-06-10 | At&T Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for making, coating and cooling lightguide fiber |
| JPH0686304B2 (ja) * | 1986-08-07 | 1994-11-02 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | ガラス棒延伸用加熱装置 |
| GB2212151B (en) * | 1987-11-12 | 1991-07-17 | Stc Plc | Contaminant removal in manufacture of optical fibre |
| EP0346723A1 (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1989-12-20 | The Boeing Company | Method and apparatus for manufacturing coated optical fiber having shaped cross-section |
| DE3919067A1 (de) * | 1989-06-10 | 1990-12-13 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines lichtwellenleiters |
| DE3919953A1 (de) * | 1989-06-19 | 1990-12-20 | Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag | Vorrichtung zum abkuehlen einer lichtwellenleiterfaser |
| DE3925946A1 (de) * | 1989-08-05 | 1991-02-07 | Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag | Vorrichtung mit einem faserschutzrohr zum schutz einer lichtwellenleiterfaser |
| US5360482A (en) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-11-01 | Belvedere Paul C | Apparatus and method for dispensing resin coated fibers |
| US5346520A (en) * | 1992-09-23 | 1994-09-13 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatus for applying a carbon coating to optical fibers |
| KR0165004B1 (ko) * | 1993-07-13 | 1999-01-15 | . | 광섬유 인발로 및 인발 방법 |
| FR2749296B1 (fr) * | 1996-05-29 | 1998-07-31 | Alcatel Fibres Optiques | Enceinte etanche pour tour de fibrage |
| DE69623938T2 (de) | 1996-06-21 | 2003-05-22 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A., Mailand/Milano | Gegen Wasserbäumchen widerstandsfähige Isolierungszusammensetzung |
| EP0867413A1 (en) | 1997-03-27 | 1998-09-30 | Alcatel | A method for drawing an optical fibre from a glass preform |
| ID26017A (id) * | 1998-04-03 | 2000-11-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Tanur dan metode untuk penarikan kabel serat optis |
| GB2339195A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-19 | Pirelli General Plc | Take up apparatus for drawn optical fibre comprising two rotating bobbins |
| US6354113B2 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2002-03-12 | Alcatel | Fiber optic draw furnace featuring a fiber optic preform heating and fiber drawing programmable logic controller |
| FR2802916B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-27 | 2002-03-15 | Cit Alcatel | Agencement d'entree de preforme pour four de tirage de fibre optique, four dote d'un tel agencement et preforme equipee pour cooperer avec cet agencement |
| JP2002234750A (ja) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-08-23 | Shinetsu Quartz Prod Co Ltd | 光ファイバ用石英ガラス母材の製造方法 |
| US20020178762A1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-05 | Foster John D. | Methods and apparatus for forming and controlling the diameter of drawn optical glass fiber |
| US20030044743A1 (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-06 | Bookbinder Dana C. | Furnace assembly for heating an optical waveguide preform |
| FI114312B (fi) * | 2001-12-07 | 2004-09-30 | Photonium Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto optisen kuidun valmistuksessa |
| NL1019675C2 (nl) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-01 | Draka Fibre Technology Bv | Werkwijze voor het onder verwarmen contraheren van een holle substraatbuis tot een staafvormige voorvorm. |
| US20030200772A1 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-10-30 | Foster John D. | Methods and apparatus for forming optical fiber |
| KR100545814B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-31 | 2006-01-24 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | 광섬유 인선 용해로 및 이를 이용한 광섬유 인선방법 |
| FI113758B (fi) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-15 | Nextrom Holding Sa | Menetelmä ja laite optisten kuitujen valmistamiseksi |
| US20070022786A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2007-02-01 | Foster John D | Methods and apparatus for forming heat treated optical fiber |
| WO2007106390A2 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Amesbury Group, Inc | Apparatus and method for manufacturing reinforced weatherstrip, and such a weatherstrip |
| US8074474B2 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2011-12-13 | Corning Incorporated | Fiber air turn for low attenuation fiber |
| US7892460B1 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2011-02-22 | Paradigm Optics | Enclosed drawing method |
| US10329834B2 (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2019-06-25 | Amesbury Group, Inc. | Low compression-force TPE weatherseals |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2346697A (en) * | 1943-05-20 | 1944-04-18 | Gen Electric | Universal rectangular wire coating die |
| GB1441086A (en) * | 1975-05-29 | 1976-06-30 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Plastics coating optical fibres |
| SU560841A1 (ru) * | 1975-07-09 | 1977-06-05 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6681 | Печь дл выт гивани волокна из тугоплавких материалов |
| US4101300A (en) * | 1975-11-27 | 1978-07-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for drawing optical fiber |
| GB1570624A (en) * | 1975-12-11 | 1980-07-02 | Western Electric Co | Optical fibre transmission arrangements |
| US4030901A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1977-06-21 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Method for drawing fibers |
| JPS5311039A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-02-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Controller of diameter of optical fiber |
| US4201431A (en) * | 1978-06-28 | 1980-05-06 | Mcdonald Ronald T | Universal adaptable three-prong electrical plug |
| US4194462A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-03-25 | Corning Glass Works | Optical waveguide coating assembly |
-
1979
- 1979-03-21 NL NL7902201A patent/NL7902201A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1980
- 1980-03-13 CA CA000347632A patent/CA1157636A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-17 FR FR8005912A patent/FR2451898A1/fr active Granted
- 1980-03-18 GB GB8210275A patent/GB2094675B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-18 IT IT20745/80A patent/IT1130992B/it active
- 1980-03-18 GB GB8009149A patent/GB2044751B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-19 US US06/132,470 patent/US4309201A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-03-19 DE DE19803010481 patent/DE3010481A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-03-21 JP JP3681280A patent/JPS55126544A/ja active Pending
- 1980-06-02 US US06/155,696 patent/US4314834A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1157636A (en) | 1983-11-29 |
| DE3010481A1 (de) | 1980-11-20 |
| FR2451898B1 (it) | 1984-11-09 |
| US4314834A (en) | 1982-02-09 |
| IT1130992B (it) | 1986-06-18 |
| IT8020745A0 (it) | 1980-03-18 |
| JPS55126544A (en) | 1980-09-30 |
| US4309201A (en) | 1982-01-05 |
| GB2094675A (en) | 1982-09-22 |
| GB2044751B (en) | 1983-04-20 |
| GB2044751A (en) | 1980-10-22 |
| GB2094675B (en) | 1983-06-08 |
| FR2451898A1 (fr) | 1980-10-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A1B | A search report has been drawn up | ||
| A85 | Still pending on 85-01-01 | ||
| BV | The patent application has lapsed |