NL8201866A - Smeeroliesamenstelling. - Google Patents
Smeeroliesamenstelling. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL8201866A NL8201866A NL8201866A NL8201866A NL8201866A NL 8201866 A NL8201866 A NL 8201866A NL 8201866 A NL8201866 A NL 8201866A NL 8201866 A NL8201866 A NL 8201866A NL 8201866 A NL8201866 A NL 8201866A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- composition
- oil
- composition according
- fuel
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 glycerol moiety ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N glycerol monolinoleate Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical class CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FABAOYOFJNAVHB-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical class OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O FABAOYOFJNAVHB-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-LLWMBOQKSA-N 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-LLWMBOQKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical class [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006388 chemical passivation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010723 turbine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/76—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US26098781A | 1981-05-06 | 1981-05-06 | |
| US26098781 | 1981-05-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL8201866A true NL8201866A (nl) | 1982-12-01 |
Family
ID=22991499
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL8201866A NL8201866A (nl) | 1981-05-06 | 1982-05-06 | Smeeroliesamenstelling. |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57187394A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU554024B2 (fr) |
| BE (1) | BE893083A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1174660A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3216390C2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2505355B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2097813B (fr) |
| HK (1) | HK41090A (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1151566B (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL8201866A (fr) |
| SG (1) | SG60888G (fr) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3376016D1 (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1988-04-21 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Glycerol esters with oil-soluble copper compounds as fuel economy additives |
| DE3876897T2 (de) * | 1987-03-02 | 1993-06-03 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Schmieroelzusammensetzung. |
| US5273672A (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1993-12-28 | Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited | Lubricating oil composition containing a partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a substituted succinic acid ester |
| US5064546A (en) * | 1987-04-11 | 1991-11-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricating oil composition |
| US4957651A (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1990-09-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Mixtures of partial fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols and sulfurized compositions, and use as lubricant additives |
| DE69102217T2 (de) * | 1990-07-09 | 1994-09-15 | Texaco Development Corp | Verwendung von einem besonderen Ester. |
| US5282990A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1994-02-01 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Synergistic blend of amine/amide and ester/alcohol friction modifying agents for improved fuel economy of an internal combustion engine |
| CA2086757C (fr) * | 1990-07-31 | 2000-03-28 | Yasuhiko Yoneto | Melange synergique d'agents de modification de la friction a base d'amines-amides et d'esters-alcools pour economiser l'essence dans un moteur a combustion interne |
| JP5127102B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-06 | 2013-01-23 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 |
| WO2007096361A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-21 | 2007-08-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Composition d'huile lubrifiante |
| UA109139C2 (xx) * | 2010-06-25 | 2015-07-27 | Застосування та композиції | |
| EP2633009B1 (fr) | 2010-10-26 | 2016-04-06 | Castrol Limited | Compositions de carburant et de lubrifiant non aqueuses comprenant des esters d'acides gras d'acides hydroxycarboxyliques et leurs utilisations |
| GB201817589D0 (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-12-12 | Castrol Ltd | Lubricant compositions |
| CN114591778A (zh) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-06-07 | 黄国帮 | 一种节能减排的柴、汽机油配方 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2493483A (en) * | 1948-04-26 | 1950-01-03 | Shell Dev | Marine engine lubricant |
| GB709903A (en) * | 1950-04-06 | 1954-06-02 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating oil composition |
| US2911367A (en) * | 1957-07-01 | 1959-11-03 | Gulf Oil Corp | Mineral lubricating oil composition |
| US3933659A (en) * | 1974-07-11 | 1976-01-20 | Chevron Research Company | Extended life functional fluid |
| CA1137463A (fr) * | 1978-12-18 | 1982-12-14 | Thomas V. Liston | Huile lubrifiante abaissant la consommation de carburant |
| CA1157846A (fr) * | 1978-12-18 | 1983-11-29 | Thomas V. Liston | Economie de carburant |
| DE3163160D1 (en) * | 1980-05-08 | 1984-05-24 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Lubricating oil composition containing sediment-reducing additive |
| JPS5776096A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-05-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Lubricant oil composition |
| DE3376016D1 (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1988-04-21 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Glycerol esters with oil-soluble copper compounds as fuel economy additives |
-
1982
- 1982-04-16 GB GB8211177A patent/GB2097813B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-20 CA CA000401271A patent/CA1174660A/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-05-03 DE DE3216390A patent/DE3216390C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-05-05 BE BE0/208010A patent/BE893083A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-05-05 AU AU83405/82A patent/AU554024B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-05-05 IT IT21100/82A patent/IT1151566B/it active
- 1982-05-05 FR FR8207780A patent/FR2505355B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-05-06 NL NL8201866A patent/NL8201866A/nl active Search and Examination
- 1982-05-06 JP JP57074653A patent/JPS57187394A/ja active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-09-21 SG SG608/88A patent/SG60888G/en unknown
-
1990
- 1990-05-24 HK HK410/90A patent/HK41090A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1151566B (it) | 1986-12-24 |
| SG60888G (en) | 1989-03-10 |
| BE893083A (fr) | 1982-11-05 |
| GB2097813B (en) | 1985-09-25 |
| FR2505355A1 (fr) | 1982-11-12 |
| GB2097813A (en) | 1982-11-10 |
| DE3216390C2 (de) | 1996-11-21 |
| DE3216390A1 (de) | 1983-01-13 |
| HK41090A (en) | 1990-06-01 |
| AU8340582A (en) | 1982-11-11 |
| FR2505355B1 (fr) | 1986-04-11 |
| IT8221100A0 (it) | 1982-05-05 |
| CA1174660A (fr) | 1984-09-18 |
| JPS57187394A (en) | 1982-11-18 |
| AU554024B2 (en) | 1986-08-07 |
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