NO127724B - - Google Patents
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- NO127724B NO127724B NO03920/69A NO392069A NO127724B NO 127724 B NO127724 B NO 127724B NO 03920/69 A NO03920/69 A NO 03920/69A NO 392069 A NO392069 A NO 392069A NO 127724 B NO127724 B NO 127724B
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- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- solvent
- alcohol
- aluminum
- washing
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 aluminum halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 13
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(F)C(C#N)=C1 CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001585 atactic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUGUQINMNYINPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(2-chloroacetyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCN(C(=O)CCl)CC1 PUGUQINMNYINPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021552 Vanadium(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylaluminum Chemical compound [Al].C[CH2] MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JTJFQBNJBPPZRI-UHFFFAOYSA-J vanadium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[V](Cl)(Cl)Cl JTJFQBNJBPPZRI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
- H01J9/395—Filling vessels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
- H01J9/26—Sealing together parts of vessels
- H01J9/261—Sealing together parts of vessels the vessel being for a flat panel display
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte for å fjerne katalysatorrester fra polymerer. Process for removing catalyst residues from polymers.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører behandlingen av polymerer for å fjerne katalysatorrester. Det er tidligere beskrevet fremgangsmåter for polymerisering av umettede hydrocarboner til høymolekylære, faste polymerer i nærvær av en metallhol-dig katalysator. Slike metallholdige kata-lysatorer kan dannes ved å la en. transi-sjonsmetallforbindelse, som f. eks. titan-tetraklorid, titantriklorid eller vanadium-tetraklorid reagere med en organisk me-tallforbindelse, som aluminiuimalkyl, et al-kylaluminiumhalogenid, et kompleks alkyl av et ,alkalimetall og aluminium, f. eks. li-tium, aluminium, tetraethyl eller et alka-limetallalkyl. Disse polymeriseringsproses-ser kan utføres i nærvær av et inert opp-løsningsmiddel, som f. eks. et hydrocarbon, eller i nærvær av en overskuddsmengde av et umettet hydrocarbon i flytende fase og uttrykket oppløsningsmiddel, som anvendes i det følgende, skal også omfatte overskudd av eller ureagert umettet hydrocarbon. The present invention relates to the treatment of polymers to remove catalyst residues. Methods have previously been described for the polymerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons into high-molecular, solid polymers in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst. Such metal-containing catalysts can be formed by allowing a transition metal compound, such as e.g. titanium tetrachloride, titanium trichloride or vanadium tetrachloride react with an organometallic compound, such as aluminum alkyl, an alkyl aluminum halide, a complex alkyl of an alkali metal and aluminum, e.g. lithium, aluminium, tetraethyl or an alkali metal alkyl. These polymerization processes can be carried out in the presence of an inert solvent, such as e.g. a hydrocarbon, or in the presence of an excess amount of an unsaturated hydrocarbon in the liquid phase and the term solvent, which is used in the following, shall also include an excess of or unreacted unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Eksempler på særlig verdifulle faste polymerer som fremstilles ved disse prosesser, er polyethylen og polypropylen, særlig de såkalte isotaktiske (krystallinske) poly-propylener. Examples of particularly valuable solid polymers produced by these processes are polyethylene and polypropylene, especially the so-called isotactic (crystalline) polypropylenes.
Det rå produkt som fåes ved disse prosesser, er fast polymer med innesluttet eller tilstedeværende rester av den metallinneholdende katalysator. Det rå produkt er vanligvis i form av et slam i et inert opp-løsningsmiddel eller i et overskudd av det umettede hydrocarbon. Oppløsningsmidlet kan inneholde ataktisk (amorft) polymer i oppløsning. The raw product obtained by these processes is solid polymer with trapped or present residues of the metal-containing catalyst. The crude product is usually in the form of a slurry in an inert solvent or in an excess of the unsaturated hydrocarbon. The solvent may contain atactic (amorphous) polymer in solution.
Det er ,nå imeget ønskelig å fjerne disse It is now highly desirable to remove these
metallinneholdende katalysatorrester fra metal-containing catalyst residues from
polymeret da ellers polymeret kan bli mis-farget og bli utsatt for spaltning, særlig under innvirkningen av varme. the polymer as otherwise the polymer may be discolored and exposed to decomposition, particularly under the influence of heat.
Det er også blitt foreslått å fj erne disse rester fra polymeret ved å behandle og vaske polymeret med store mengder av en lavere alkohol. It has also been suggested to remove these residues from the polymer by treating and washing the polymer with large amounts of a lower alcohol.
Oppfinneren har nå funnet at høyere alkoholer er meget godt skikket for å fjerne metallinneholdende katalysatorrester fra polymerer av umettede hydrocarboner og at deres anvendelse medfører en rekke vik-tige fordeler like overfor de kjente prosesser hvor det anvendes lavere alkoholer. F. eks. er bare en relativt liten mengde av en høyere alkohol nødvendig, og utvinningen eller gjenvinningen av alkoholen lettes. The inventor has now found that higher alcohols are very well suited for removing metal-containing catalyst residues from polymers of unsaturated hydrocarbons and that their use entails a number of important advantages over the known processes where lower alcohols are used. For example only a relatively small amount of a higher alcohol is required, and the recovery or recovery of the alcohol is facilitated.
I henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringes det en fremgangsmåte for å fjerne metallinneholdende katalysatorrester fra faste polymerer av lavere olefiner som er karakterisert ved at polymeret vaskes med en høyere alkohol som inneholder i det minste 9 carbonatomer i molekylet, fortrinnsvis i en mengde av 15—50 vektsprosent av polymeret, i nærvær av et inert oppløsningsmiddel for alkoholen og det tilsettes, fortrinnsvis før tilsetningen av alkoholen, et aluminiumhalogenid eller et aluminiumalkylhalogenid, og at polymeret derpå vaskes med friskt oppløsningsmiddel i ett eller flere trinn og at fortrinnsvis i det minste siste trinn av vaskeprosessen utføres med et oppløsningsmiddel, som ikke inneholder en alkohol. Passende alkoholer er f. eks. nonanol, dekanol og dodekanol. Som følge av dens lette tilgjengelighet er 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol-1 en meget skikket høy-ere alkohol. According to the present invention, a method is provided for removing metal-containing catalyst residues from solid polymers of lower olefins, which is characterized in that the polymer is washed with a higher alcohol containing at least 9 carbon atoms in the molecule, preferably in an amount of 15-50 percent by weight of the polymer, in the presence of an inert solvent for the alcohol and an aluminum halide or an aluminum alkyl halide is added, preferably before the addition of the alcohol, and that the polymer is then washed with fresh solvent in one or more steps and that preferably in at least the last step of the washing process is carried out with a solvent, which does not contain an alcohol. Suitable alcohols are e.g. nonanol, decanol and dodecanol. Due to its easy availability, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol-1 is a very suitable higher alcohol.
Tilstedeværelsen av et aluminiumhalogenid eller aluminiumalkylhalogenid under behandlingen med den høyere alkohol har iden virkning at effektiviteten økes og at den hastighet med hvilken katalysatorres-tene fjernes, også økes. The presence of an aluminum halide or aluminum alkyl halide during the treatment with the higher alcohol has the effect that the efficiency is increased and that the rate at which the catalyst residues are removed is also increased.
En utstrakt oxydasjon av de metallinneholdende rester i polymeret før behandlingen med den høyere alkohol må unngåes, og det er derfor å foretrekke å begrense kontakten av polymeret med luft så meget som imulig inntil vaskingen med den høyere alkohol er tilendebrakt. Polymeret kan imidlertid lagres i tette eller lukkede beholdere i nærvær av små mengder luft før vaskingen med den høyere alkohol. Det er å foretrekke å utføre fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen i fravær av luft. Det er å foretrekke at oppløsnings-midlet som anvendes for vaskningen eller vasketrinnene, er et hydrocarbonoppløs-ningsmiddel for vasketrinnet. Hydrocarbon-oppløsningsmidlet for vasketrinnet kan være et inert hydrocarbon som anvendes som et oppløsningsmiddel i polymeriseringsprosessen, eller det kan være det umettede hydrocarbonmoinoimer, som er blitt utsatt for polymeringsprosessen, eller det kan være en frisk charge av begge. Oppløsnings-midlet som anvendes for vasketrinnet kan være en frisk charge av oppløsningsmidlet. An extensive oxidation of the metal-containing residues in the polymer before the treatment with the higher alcohol must be avoided, and it is therefore preferable to limit the contact of the polymer with air as much as possible until the washing with the higher alcohol has been completed. However, the polymer can be stored in tight or closed containers in the presence of small amounts of air before washing with the higher alcohol. It is preferable to carry out the method according to the invention in the absence of air. It is preferable that the solvent used for the washing or washing steps is a hydrocarbon solvent for the washing step. The hydrocarbon solvent for the washing step may be an inert hydrocarbon used as a solvent in the polymerization process, or it may be the unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer, which has been subjected to the polymerization process, or it may be a fresh charge of both. The solvent used for the washing step can be a fresh charge of the solvent.
Den høyere alkohol kan tilsettes til polymeriseringsproduktet som inneholder oppløsningsmidlet og/eller ureagert, umettet hydrocarbon, ytterligere oppløsnings-middel tilsettes ettersom det 'er nødvendig, eller det faste polymer kan skilles fra reaksjonsproduktet fra polymeriseringsprosessen og derpå oppslemmes i friskt oppløs-ningsmiddel. The higher alcohol can be added to the polymerization product containing the solvent and/or unreacted, unsaturated hydrocarbon, additional solvent added as needed, or the solid polymer can be separated from the reaction product from the polymerization process and then slurried in fresh solvent.
Særlig skikkede oppløsningsmidler er parafinhydrocarboner, som propan, butan, pentan og høyere parafinlske hydrocarboner. De tilsvarende olefiner, som propylen, kan, også anvendes. Particularly suitable solvents are paraffinic hydrocarbons, such as propane, butane, pentane and higher paraffinic hydrocarbons. The corresponding olefins, such as propylene, can also be used.
Det vil forståes at oppløsningsmidlet skal være i flytende fase og at hvis opp-løsiningsmidlet er gassformet under nor-male forhold, skal det anvendes et tilstrekkelig trykk for å igjøre det flytende. It will be understood that the solvent must be in liquid phase and that if the solvent is gaseous under normal conditions, a sufficient pressure must be applied to liquefy it.
Mengden, av høyere alkohol som må anvendes, beror på mengden av de metallinneholdende katalysatorrester i polymeret. Mengden av høyere alkohol kan følge-lig varieres1 over vide grenser. Det er vanligvis tilstrekkelig å anvende mellom 15 og 50 vektsprosent av alkohol, beregnet på vek-ten av polymeret som er uoppløselig i opp-løsningsmidlet. Hvis mengden av metallinneholdende rest imidlertid er liten, kan det anvendes mindre enn 15 %, f. eks. 5 vektprosent av alkoholen. The amount of higher alcohol that must be used depends on the amount of metal-containing catalyst residues in the polymer. The amount of higher alcohol can therefore be varied1 over wide limits. It is usually sufficient to use between 15 and 50 percent by weight of alcohol, calculated on the weight of the polymer which is insoluble in the solvent. However, if the amount of metal-containing residue is small, less than 15% can be used, e.g. 5% by weight of the alcohol.
Hvis det er ønskelig å utvinne polymeret i den isotaktiske form, er det særlig ønskelig å anvende den minimumsmengde av alkohol som er nødvendig for å bevirke fjernelsen av de metallinneholdende katalysatorrester i øyemed å nedsette til et mi-nimum eller helt å unngå utfelnlngen av atjaktisk polymer fra oppløsningen i opp-løsningsmidlet. If it is desired to recover the polymer in the isotactic form, it is particularly desirable to use the minimum amount of alcohol necessary to effect the removal of the metal-containing catalyst residues in order to reduce to a minimum or completely avoid the precipitation of atactic polymer from the solution in the solvent.
Det er å foretrekke at halogenidet, som anvendes i vasketrinnet, er oppløselig i opp-løsningsmidlet. Eksempler på skikkede ha-logenider er således aluminiumbromid og aluminiumalkylhalogenider som ethylalu-minium-diklorid og ethylaluminiumsesqul-klorid. Det er å foretrekke å anvende et aluminiumalkylhalogenid. It is preferable that the halide used in the washing step is soluble in the solvent. Examples of suitable halides are thus aluminum bromide and aluminum alkyl halides such as ethylaluminum dichloride and ethylaluminum sesquil chloride. It is preferable to use an aluminum alkyl halide.
Aluminiumklorid kan anvendes, men da det bare er svakt oppløselig i hydrocarboner, er det ønskelig å anvende det som en oppløsning i for eksempel ether. Aluminum chloride can be used, but as it is only slightly soluble in hydrocarbons, it is desirable to use it as a solution in, for example, ether.
Skikkede mengder av aluminiumhalogenid eller aluminiumalkylhalogenid er opp til 10 vektsprosent av polymeret som er uoppløselig i oppløsningsmidlet. Det er å foretrekke å anvende mellom 2,5 og 5 vektsprosent ;av Idet uoppløselige polymer. Suitable amounts of aluminum halide or aluminum alkyl halide are up to 10% by weight of the polymer which is insoluble in the solvent. It is preferable to use between 2.5 and 5% by weight of the insoluble polymer.
Aluminiumhalogenidet eller alikylalu-miniumhalogenidet skal fortrinnsvis tilsettes blandingen av polymer og oppløsnings-middel før tilsetningen av den høyere alkohol. Halogenidet kan tilsettes som en fin-delt suspensjon eller fortrinnsvis som en oppløsning i oppløsningsmidlet. The aluminum halide or alkyl aluminum halide should preferably be added to the mixture of polymer and solvent before the addition of the higher alcohol. The halide can be added as a finely divided suspension or preferably as a solution in the solvent.
Det er å foretrekke at vaskingen med den høyere alkohol utføres ved en tempe-ratur av minst 70° C. Meget skikkede tem-peraturer er innenfor området 70—80° C. It is preferable that the washing with the higher alcohol is carried out at a temperature of at least 70° C. Very suitable temperatures are within the range of 70-80° C.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er anvendbar ved fjernelse av metallinneholdende katalysatorrester fra polymerer av umettede hydrocarboner, som f. eks. polyethylen og polypropylen framstilt i nærvær av en katalysator dannet ved reaksjon av en titanforbindelse, som f. eks. titantetra-klorid eller titantriklorid, med en organisk aluminiumforbhidelse, f. eks. et aluminium-alkyl. The method according to the invention is applicable for the removal of metal-containing catalyst residues from polymers of unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as e.g. polyethylene and polypropylene produced in the presence of a catalyst formed by the reaction of a titanium compound, such as e.g. titanium tetrachloride or titanium trichloride, with an organic aluminum barrier, e.g. an aluminum alkyl.
Etter behandlingen med den høyere alkohol fraskilles det faste polymer, f. eks. ved filtrering, fra blandingens væskekom-ponenter og det vaskes med et hydrocarbon som fortrinnsvis er en frisk charge av hydrocarbon som anvendtes som et opp-løsningsmiddel og særlig hensiktsmessig et •lavt kokende hydrocarbon som propan eller propylen. After treatment with the higher alcohol, the solid polymer is separated, e.g. by filtration, from the liquid components of the mixture and it is washed with a hydrocarbon which is preferably a fresh charge of hydrocarbon which was used as a solvent and particularly suitably a low-boiling hydrocarbon such as propane or propylene.
Vaskeprosessen kan utføres i trinn, og hydrocarbonet som anvendtes som en vas-kevæske i die første trinn, vil inneholde en høyere alkohol. Imidlertid er det å foretrekke i det avsluttende trinn av vaskeprosessen, å anvende et hydrocarbon som er fritt for alkohol. Ved vaskningen av det utskilte polymer med et hydrocarbon for-hindres utfelningen av ataktisk polymer fra oppløsningen i oppløsningsmidlet som vedhenger polymeret, hvilket kan inntre hvis vaskemidlet er en alkohol. En i alt ve-sentlig fullstendig fjernelse av eventuelt gjenværende alkohol er meget ønsket da det ellers vil ikurme bevirkes hulldannelser i polymeret når dette utsettes for vann-behandling. The washing process can be carried out in stages, and the hydrocarbon used as a washing liquid in the first stage will contain a higher alcohol. However, it is preferable in the final step of the washing process to use a hydrocarbon that is free of alcohol. When the separated polymer is washed with a hydrocarbon, the precipitation of atactic polymer from the solution in the solvent that adheres to the polymer is prevented, which can occur if the detergent is an alcohol. An essentially complete removal of any remaining alcohol is highly desirable, as otherwise hole formations will be caused in the polymer when it is subjected to water treatment.
Det er å foretrekke å utsette polymeret sluttelig for behandling med damp for å fjerne de siste spor av oppløsningsmiddel. It is preferable to subject the polymer to a final treatment with steam to remove the last traces of solvent.
Eksempel 1 : Example 1 :
1 gram aluminiumtriklorid i 10 ml di-etyletør ble tilsatt til 300 imi av en rå suspensjon av polypropylen i petroleumeter erholdt ved polymerisering av propylen 1 nærvær av reaksjonsproduktet av titantriklorid og aluminiumtrietyl. Suspensjonen var lagret i moen tid og den opprinnelige lillafarge av den friskt fremstilte suspensjon var delvis forsvunnet, sannsynligvis som følge av kontakt med en begrenset mengde luft. 1 gram of aluminum trichloride in 10 ml of diethyl ether was added to 300 imi of a crude suspension of polypropylene in petroleum ether obtained by polymerization of propylene 1 in the presence of the reaction product of titanium trichloride and aluminum triethyl. The suspension had been stored for a long time and the original purple color of the freshly prepared suspension had partially disappeared, probably as a result of contact with a limited amount of air.
Suspensjonen ble nå opphetet ved 75° C 1 30 min. og derpå ble tilsatt 20 ml 3,5,5-trimetylheksanol-1 og temperaturen holdt ved 75° C i ytterligere 1 time skjønt suspen-sjonens lillafarge var forsvunnet etter 25 min. Det resulterende gråhvite slam ble filtrert under nitrogen, vasket omhyggelig med 1 liter petroleumeter (kokeområde 60— 80° C) under tilbakeløp. The suspension was now heated at 75° C. for 130 min. and then 20 ml of 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol-1 was added and the temperature was kept at 75° C. for a further 1 hour, although the purple color of the suspension had disappeared after 25 minutes. The resulting off-white sludge was filtered under nitrogen, washed carefully with 1 liter of petroleum ether (boiling range 60-80° C) under reflux.
Der erholdtes ca. 25 gr. polypropylen med et askeinnhold av 0,09 % og det smel-tet til en klar, stråfarget smelte. There was obtained approx. 25 gr. polypropylene with an ash content of 0.09% and it melted to a clear, straw-coloured melt.
Eksempel 2: Example 2:
Propylen ble polymerisert i nærvær av det produkt som erholdtes ved å blande titantriklorid og aluminiumtrietyl under anvendelse av petroleumeter (kokeområde 80—100° C) som oppløsningsmiddel. Der erholdtes et slam av fast polypropylen i oppløsningsmidlet. Etter fraskillelsen fra ooppløsningsmidlet og vaskingen med friskt oppløsningsmiddel og tørking, oppviste polymeret et askeinnhold av 0,3 %. The propylene was polymerized in the presence of the product obtained by mixing titanium trichloride and aluminum triethyl using petroleum ether (boiling range 80-100° C) as solvent. A slurry of solid polypropylene was obtained in the solvent. After separation from the non-solvent and washing with fresh solvent and drying, the polymer showed an ash content of 0.3%.
De følgende forsøk ble utført under anvendelse av 250 ml av slam av propylen som inneholdt 25 gr uoppløselig polymer. Aluminiumsesquiklorid som en 0,5 mol opp-løsning i metylcykloheksan ble tilsatt til slammet som derpå ble omrørt og opphetet ved 75° C (forsøk 8, 65° C> i 30 min. Derpå ble tilsatt nonanol, dvs. j3,5,5-trimetylhek-sanol-1 og omrøringen fortsatt ved 75° C i en time. Ved denne behandling forsvant den opprinnelige lilla farge og slammet ble derpå filtrert og vasket fire ganger med 150 ml petroleter. Vann som inneholdt en liten mengde av et fuktningsmiddel, ble tilsatt til det faste polymer, og den gjenværende petroleter ble fjernet ved dampdestil-lasjon. Etter vasking med vann og tørking ved 60° C tole askeinnholdet bestemt, og der ble fremstilt formstykker ved pressing ved 190°C. The following experiments were carried out using 250 ml of propylene sludge containing 25 g of insoluble polymer. Aluminum sesquichloride as a 0.5 mol solution in methylcyclohexane was added to the sludge which was then stirred and heated at 75° C (experiment 8, 65° C> for 30 min. Then nonanol was added, i.e. j3.5.5 -trimethylhexanol-1 and the stirring continued at 75° C. for one hour. By this treatment the original purple color disappeared and the sludge was then filtered and washed four times with 150 ml of petroleum ether. Water containing a small amount of a wetting agent was added to the solid polymer, and the remaining petroleum ether was removed by steam distillation After washing with water and drying at 60° C., the ash content was determined, and moldings were produced by pressing at 190° C.
I den følgende tabell er oppført meng-dene av etylaluminiumsesquiklorid og nonanol som ble anvendt, og videre er opp-ført askeinnholdet i det behandlede polymer og fargen av det fremstilte formstykke. The following table lists the amounts of ethylaluminum sesquichloride and nonanol that were used, and the ash content of the treated polymer and the color of the molded piece produced are also listed.
Bemerkning: Forsøk 8 — behandlingen ble utført ved 65° C. Forsøk 6 — slammet av polypropylen som ble fremstilt ved polymeriseringsprosessen, ble filtrert og påny oppslemmet med frisk petroleter. De følgende resultater ble oppnådd ved den, i eksempel 2 beskrevne fremgangsmåte, men hvor etylaluminiumsesquiklori-det ble erstattet med aluminiumbromid. Note: Trial 8 — the treatment was carried out at 65° C. Trial 6 — the slurry of polypropylene produced by the polymerization process was filtered and reslurried with fresh petroleum ether. The following results were obtained by the method described in example 2, but where the ethyl aluminum sesquichloride was replaced by aluminum bromide.
Eksempel 4: Example 4:
Fremgangsmåten som er beskrevet i eksempel 2, ble gjentatt under anvendelse av isodekanol istedenfor nonanol. De føl-gende resultater ble oppnådd: The procedure described in example 2, was repeated during application of isodecanol instead of nonanol. The following results were obtained:
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US76498368A | 1968-10-02 | 1968-10-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO127724B true NO127724B (en) | 1973-08-06 |
Family
ID=25072333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO03920/69A NO127724B (en) | 1968-10-02 | 1969-10-01 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3580654A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE739670A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR6912969D0 (en) |
| CH (1) | CH506178A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1949112A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2019657A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1240068A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6914476A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO127724B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1419099A (en) * | 1972-08-11 | 1975-12-24 | Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd | Manufacturing electric devices having sealed envelopes |
| GB1575890A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1980-10-01 | Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd | Heating of dosing capsule |
| US4317062A (en) * | 1979-08-06 | 1982-02-23 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Valve means and mercury reservoir for gas discharge display |
| JP3222357B2 (en) * | 1994-06-09 | 2001-10-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming apparatus and method of manufacturing the same |
| KR100444512B1 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2004-08-16 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method For Removing Impurities Of Plasma Display Panel |
| JP4235429B2 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2009-03-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Method for measuring gas in sealed container, and method for manufacturing sealed container and image display device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1565579A (en) * | 1921-07-28 | 1925-12-15 | Westinghouse Lamp Co | Method of introducing getter materials into incandescent lamps |
| US1826383A (en) * | 1926-05-01 | 1931-10-06 | Claude Neon Lights Inc | Method and apparatus for introducing foreign substances into vacuum tube lights |
| US1841034A (en) * | 1928-12-21 | 1932-01-12 | Western Electric Co | Electrooptical apparatus |
| US2449493A (en) * | 1947-08-28 | 1948-09-14 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Attaining high vacuum in photoelectric tubes |
| US2755159A (en) * | 1953-05-19 | 1956-07-17 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Vapor filling process for discharge lamps |
| US2991387A (en) * | 1958-09-22 | 1961-07-04 | Burroughs Corp | Indicator tube |
-
1968
- 1968-10-02 US US764983A patent/US3580654A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1969
- 1969-09-24 NL NL6914476A patent/NL6914476A/xx unknown
- 1969-09-29 DE DE19691949112 patent/DE1949112A1/en active Pending
- 1969-09-29 FR FR6933094A patent/FR2019657A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-09-29 CH CH1462869A patent/CH506178A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-10-01 NO NO03920/69A patent/NO127724B/no unknown
- 1969-10-01 BE BE739670D patent/BE739670A/xx unknown
- 1969-10-01 GB GB48187/69A patent/GB1240068A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-10-02 BR BR212969/69A patent/BR6912969D0/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR6912969D0 (en) | 1973-01-02 |
| US3580654A (en) | 1971-05-25 |
| DE1949112A1 (en) | 1970-04-16 |
| FR2019657A1 (en) | 1970-07-03 |
| BE739670A (en) | 1970-03-16 |
| GB1240068A (en) | 1971-07-21 |
| CH506178A (en) | 1971-04-15 |
| NL6914476A (en) | 1970-04-06 |
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