NO319998B1 - Fremgangsmate og apparatur for fremstilling av metallklumper - Google Patents

Fremgangsmate og apparatur for fremstilling av metallklumper Download PDF

Info

Publication number: NO319998B1
Authority: NO; Norway
Prior art keywords: metal; lumps; stream; flow; chute
Prior art date: 1995-09-07

Application number

NO19980993A

Other languages

English (en)

Norwegian (no)

Other versions

NO980993D0 (no

NO980993L (no

Inventor

Ian James Barker

Fiona Catherine Levey

Michael Bernard Cortie

Original Assignee

Mintek

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1995-09-07

Filing date

1998-03-06

Publication date

2005-10-10

1998-03-06 Application filed by Mintek filed Critical Mintek

1998-03-06 Publication of NO980993D0 publication Critical patent/NO980993D0/no

1998-04-30 Publication of NO980993L publication Critical patent/NO980993L/no

2005-10-10 Publication of NO319998B1 publication Critical patent/NO319998B1/no

Links

229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 24
239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 2
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 34
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 11
230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 11
239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 11
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 11
238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 10
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 6
229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
229920000291 Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 3
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
238000004141 dimensional analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F2009/0804—Dispersion in or on liquid, other than with sieves
- B22F2009/0812—Pulverisation with a moving liquid coolant stream, by centrifugally rotating stream
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
- B22F2009/0864—Cooling after atomisation by oil, other non-aqueous fluid or fluid-bed cooling
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/024—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag with the direct use of steam or liquid coolants, e.g. water

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Forging (AREA)

NO19980993A 1995-09-07 1998-03-06 Fremgangsmate og apparatur for fremstilling av metallklumper NO319998B1 (no)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
ZA957505		1995-09-07
PCT/GB1996/002209 WO1997009145A1 (en)	1995-09-07	1996-09-09	The production of metal lumps

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
NO980993D0 NO980993D0 (no)	1998-03-06
NO980993L NO980993L (no)	1998-04-30
NO319998B1 true NO319998B1 (no)	2005-10-10

Family

ID=25585294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
NO19980993A NO319998B1 (no)	1995-09-07	1998-03-06	Fremgangsmate og apparatur for fremstilling av metallklumper

Country Status (11)

Country	Link
US (1)	US6287362B1 (de)
EP (1)	EP0848655B1 (de)
JP (1)	JPH11512150A (de)
KR (1)	KR100396122B1 (de)
CN (1)	CN1123416C (de)
AT (1)	ATE200046T1 (de)
AU (1)	AU706035B2 (de)
CA (1)	CA2230673C (de)
DE (1)	DE69612294T2 (de)
NO (1)	NO319998B1 (de)
WO (1)	WO1997009145A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
RU2133655C1 (ru) *	1998-03-03	1999-07-27	Открытое акционерное общество "Новосибирский завод химконцентратов"	Способ получения диспергированного лития и сплавов на его основе
SE512757C2 (sv) *	1998-09-03	2000-05-08	Uddeholm Technology Ab	Tillsats av dopingmedel vid tillverkning av stål i ljusbågsugn, dopingmedlet samt användning av detta
AU2001248836B8 (en) *	2000-04-21	2005-10-13	Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry	Method And Apparatus For Producing Fine Particles, And Fine Particles
US7008463B2 (en) *	2000-04-21	2006-03-07	Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry	Method for producing amorphous metal, method and apparatus for producing amorphous metal fine particles, and amorphous metal fine particles
KR100427284B1 (ko) *	2001-09-17	2004-04-14	현대자동차주식회사	주조용 금속 슬러리 제조장치
US7780757B2 (en) *	2003-02-28	2010-08-24	Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry	Method and apparatus for producing fine particles
US7616237B2 (en) *	2005-12-16	2009-11-10	The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York	Method and apparatus for identifying an imaging device
US20080115624A1 (en) *	2006-07-27	2008-05-22	Jean Brodeur	Method of handling, conditioning and processing steel slags
KR101465552B1 (ko) *	2013-05-27	2014-11-27	재단법인 포항산업과학연구원	비정질 금속리본의 권취장치
EP2845671A1 (de)	2013-09-05	2015-03-11	Uvån Holding AB	Granulierung von geschmolzenem Material
TR201903516T4 (tr)	2013-09-05	2019-03-21	Uvaan Holding Ab	Eri̇yi̇k malzemeni̇n granülasyonu
EP2926928A1 (de)	2014-04-03	2015-10-07	Uvån Holding AB	Granulierung von geschmolzenem Ferrochrom
EP3056304A1 (de) *	2015-02-16	2016-08-17	Uvån Holding AB	Düsen- und Zwischenpfannenanordnung zur Granulierung von geschmolzenem Material
CN109207895B (zh) *	2018-08-08	2020-11-03	中国二十冶集团有限公司	锌锅漏锌泄漏至排水地沟凝结成锌块的回收方法
US11170145B1 (en) *	2019-03-15	2021-11-09	Ansys, Inc.	Method and system to generate thermophysical property for finite element based solvers
US20240042522A1 (en) *	2021-09-03	2024-02-08	Ls Cable & System Ltd.	Indeterminate copper materials for electrolytic copper foil and method for preparing the same
CN114959128A (zh) *	2022-05-28	2022-08-30	江苏博际喷雾系统股份有限公司	一种用于高炉渣粒化过程悬浮输送降温的气水射流装置
US20250085156A1 (en)	2023-09-11	2025-03-13	Suncoke Technology And Development Llc	Loading granulated metallic units into railcars, and associated systems, devices, and methods

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE144134C (de)
DE368570C (de)		1923-02-06	Michael Wagner	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Koernen von Schlacke
US2252876A (en)	1932-06-08	1941-08-19	Remington Arms Co Inc	Lead manufacture
US2738548A (en) *	1952-04-19	1956-03-20	Universal Oil Prod Co	Method and apparatus for manufacture of metallic pellets
US3023454A (en) *	1960-03-08	1962-03-06	Phelps Dodge Corp	Hydraulic quenching and granulation of molten materials
DE1458808A1 (de)	1965-11-05	1969-02-06	Acieries Et Minieres De La Sam	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Granulieren von Schlacke
FR1484333A (fr)	1966-06-22	1967-06-09	Forges De Thy Marcinelle Sa De	Procédé et dispositif pour la granulation de laitiers métallurgiques, ainsi que les produits conformes à ceux obtenus par le présent procédé ou procédé similaire
SE392223B (sv)	1974-02-12	1977-03-21	Graenges Oxeloesunds Jaernverk	Forfarande och anordning for finfordelning av material i smeltflytande tillstand
ZA776628B (en) *	1976-12-20	1978-08-30	Union Carbide Corp	Method for separating a mixture or molten oxidized ferrophosphorus and refined ferrophosphorus
JPS6455308A (en) *	1987-08-26	1989-03-02	Hitachi Metals Ltd	Production of amorphous alloy powder
JP2672037B2 (ja) *	1991-05-02	1997-11-05	株式会社クボタ	金属粉末の製造方法およびその装置

1996
- 1996-09-09 EP EP96929444A patent/EP0848655B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-09 KR KR10-1998-0701696A patent/KR100396122B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-09 AT AT96929444T patent/ATE200046T1/de active
- 1996-09-09 US US09/011,765 patent/US6287362B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-09 AU AU68856/96A patent/AU706035B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-09-09 CN CN96197994A patent/CN1123416C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-09 CA CA002230673A patent/CA2230673C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-09 JP JP9510995A patent/JPH11512150A/ja active Pending
- 1996-09-09 DE DE69612294T patent/DE69612294T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-09 WO PCT/GB1996/002209 patent/WO1997009145A1/en not_active Ceased
1998
- 1998-03-06 NO NO19980993A patent/NO319998B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DE69612294T2 (de)	2002-01-03
NO980993D0 (no)	1998-03-06
JPH11512150A (ja)	1999-10-19
CN1123416C (zh)	2003-10-08
CA2230673C (en)	2003-04-15
KR100396122B1 (ko)	2004-03-24
CN1201413A (zh)	1998-12-09
US6287362B1 (en)	2001-09-11
EP0848655B1 (de)	2001-03-28
CA2230673A1 (en)	1997-03-13
AU6885696A (en)	1997-03-27
KR19990044448A (ko)	1999-06-25
ATE200046T1 (de)	2001-04-15
WO1997009145A1 (en)	1997-03-13
EP0848655A1 (de)	1998-06-24
NO980993L (no)	1998-04-30
AU706035B2 (en)	1999-06-10
DE69612294D1 (de)	2001-05-03

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
2015-04-27	MM1K	Lapsed by not paying the annual fees

Publication	Publication Date	Title
NO319998B1 (no)	2005-10-10	Fremgangsmate og apparatur for fremstilling av metallklumper
NO172570B (no)	1993-05-03	Fremgangsmaate ved fremstilling av granulater
Sekhar et al.	1991	Solidification microstructure evolution in the presence of inert particles
JPH0135881B2 (de)	1989-07-27
Plookphol et al.	2011	Influence of process parameters on SAC305 lead-free solder powder produced by centrifugal atomization
UA111345C2 (uk)	2016-04-25	Спосіб гранулювання гарячого рідкого металургійного шлаку
EP2567764B1 (de)	2014-01-01	Herstellung einer Masterlegierung für glasige Legierungen auf Aluminiumbasis
Czerwinski	2004	Magnesium alloy particulates for Thixomolding applications manufactured by rapid solidification
US4168967A (en)	1979-09-25	Nickel and cobalt irregularly shaped granulates
US6461403B1 (en)	2002-10-08	Apparatus and method for the formation of uniform spherical particles
Kim et al.	1998	Interaction between moving cellular solidification front and graphite particles during centrifugal casting
WO2003106012A1 (en)	2003-12-24	Method and apparatus for granulating molten metal
Jong-Leng et al.	1996	Experimental study of splash generation in a flash smelting furnace
MXPA98001805A (en)	1999-05-31	The production of grumos de me
US3023454A (en)	1962-03-06	Hydraulic quenching and granulation of molten materials
US2938251A (en)	1960-05-31	Metal distribution for continuous casting
Henein	2010	Why is spray forming a rapid solidification process?
Andersson et al.	2006	Some aspects on grain refining additions with focus on clogging during casting
Khojiev et al.	2020	Improvement of the hydrodynamic model of the bubbling depletion of slag in the ladle
Ditze et al.	2003	Strip casting of magnesium with the single‐belt process
Ara et al.	2010	Study on chemical reactivity control of sodium by suspended nanoparticles II
During	2021	5 Analysis of Inclusion
Chen et al.	2025	Heat transfer mechanisms for micron-sized pure metal spherical particles during containerless solidification process
Molchanov et al.	2018	Research of Non-metallic Inclusions Removal in Teeming Ladles of Various Design
Cortie et al.	1998	Improved methods for the lump casting of ferroalloys