NO751502L

NO751502L -

Info

Publication number: NO751502L
Application number: NO751502A
Authority: NO
Inventors: W J Guettner
Original assignee: Guettner Ig Tronado Est Genera
Priority date: 1974-04-30
Filing date: 1975-04-28
Publication date: 1975-10-31
Also published as: ZA752777B; YU109475A; BE828620A; SE7504957L; BR7502623A; DE2420883A1; IL47184A0; FI751281A7; NL7505119A; DD117606A5; FR2269356A1; IT1050926B; JPS5116796A

Description

Oppfinnelsen angår en elektromedisinsk bestrålingsapparaturThe invention relates to an electromedical irradiation apparatus

for helbredelse av kreft ved høyfrekvens-ekstremhypertermi-terapi. for curing cancer by high-frequency extreme hyperthermia therapy.

Det er kjent i prinsippet å anvende diatermi-apparater som arbeider med kortbølger, ultrakortbølger eller mikrobølger, til medisinsk behandling av forskjellige sykdommer. [ Terapien beror utelukkende på varmeutvikling i det bestrålte vev, og bestrålingens dybdevirkning avhenger langt på vei av den anvendte strålings intensitet bg strålingsfrekvens. Mens man i mange anvendelses-tilfeller bare tilstreber en utvidelse av blodkarene og derfor arbeider med relativt liten strålingseffekt, var målet i tilfellet, It is known in principle to use diathermy devices that work with short waves, ultra short waves or microwaves, for the medical treatment of various diseases. [The therapy depends exclusively on heat generation in the irradiated tissue, and the depth effect of the irradiation depends to a large extent on the intensity of the radiation used bg radiation frequency. While in many application cases one only strives for an expansion of the blood vessels and therefore works with a relatively small radiation effect, the goal in this case was,

av helbredelse ,av kreft å varme opp de angrepne vevsoner så sterkt at de celler som er rammet av kreft, enten blir drept of healing, of cancer to heat up the attacked tissue zones so strongly that the cells affected by cancer are either killed

fullstendig eller i det minste blir' hindret i videre deling.completely or at least is prevented from further sharing.

Dette mål ble imidlertid hittil ikke nådd uten samtidig varigHowever, this goal has so far not been achieved without at the same time lasting

skade på cellene i det ennå friske vev. Anvendelsen av diatermi-apparater til behandling av. kreft ble derfor betraktet, som utsiktsløs. damage to the cells in the still healthy tissue. The use of diathermy devices for the treatment of. cancer was therefore considered hopeless.

Til grunn for den foreliggende oppfinnelse ligger såledesThe basis for the present invention thus lies

den oppgave å gi anvisning på en elektromedisinsk bestrålingsapparatur som egner seg for kreftbehandling, og hvormed det er mulig å oppnå en sterk høyning av celletemperaturen i kreftcellene uten at de friske normale celler samtidig blir oppvarmet utover en tillatelig grense. the task of giving instructions on an electromedical irradiation apparatus that is suitable for cancer treatment, and with which it is possible to achieve a strong increase in the cell temperature in the cancer cells without the healthy normal cells being simultaneously heated beyond a permissible limit.

Denne oppgave blir ifølge oppfinnelsen løst ved at apparaturen i sitt bestrålingsfelt arbeider med desimeterbølger av ren eller According to the invention, this task is solved by the apparatus working in its irradiation field with decimeter waves of pure or

dominerende H-bølgetype, nemlig i et frekvensområde hvor kreftcellene tydelig viser HF-résonans, men der foreligger en tilstrekkelig sikringsavstand fra andre bølgelengder hvor også friske normalceller viser tegn på sammenlignbare.resonanseffekter, og at feltenergi-. tettheten er høy hok til å bringe kreftcellenes celleplasma til å dominant H-wave type, namely in a frequency range where the cancer cells clearly show HF resonance, but there is a sufficient safety distance from other wavelengths where healthy normal cells also show signs of comparable resonance effects, and that field energy-. the density is high enough to bring the cancer cells' cell plasma to

koagulere.coagulate.

Undersøkelser har vist at det med det foreliggende diatermi-apparat lykkes med bestrålingstider på et minutt eller mindre å Investigations have shown that with the present diathermy device it is successful with irradiation times of one minute or less

oppnå impulsartede vevtemperaturhøyninger på ca. 5 til 7°C over achieve pulse-like tissue temperature increases of approx. 5 to 7°C above

normal temperatur i. de angrepne vevsoner som skal bestråles. Ved de gjennomførte undersøkelser arbeidet man med strålinger i kortbølge-, utltrakortbølge- og mikrobølgeområdet. Særlig interes-sante virket slike bestrålingsapparaturer hvor strålingsenergi-tetthéten i bestrålihgsfeltet er valgt så høy at. temperatur-stigningen pr. tidsenhet på det angrepne sted lå i størrelses-orden ca. 0,1- 1°C pr. sekund. Der ble stadig lagt stor vekt på normal temperature in. the affected tissue zones to be irradiated. The investigations carried out involved radiation in the shortwave, ultrashortwave and microwave range. Irradiation devices where the radiation energy density in the irradiation field is chosen to be so high that. the temperature rise per unit of time at the attacked location was of the order of magnitude approx. 0.1-1°C per second. Great emphasis was always placed on it

sterkt selektivt virkende diatermisk strålingsenergi-absorbsjon, altså på målrettede hypertermi-celleskademekanismer for å drepe eller i det minste bevirke varig celledelingsstagnasjon i ondartede highly selective acting diathermic radiation energy absorption, i.e. on targeted hyperthermia cell damage mechanisms to kill or at least cause permanent cell division stagnation in malignant

tumorer såvel som i metastaser og vagabonderende enkelte kreftceller, mens det normale vev som omgir dem langt på vei blir skånet. De anvendte bestrålingsapparaturer var utrustet med forskjellige frekvens- og effekttilpassede kondensatorfeltelektroder, spolefeltapplikatorer, hulleder- og andre slags stråleelementer. tumors as well as in metastases and vagabond individual cancer cells, while the normal tissue that surrounds them is largely spared. The irradiation equipment used was equipped with different frequency and power adapted capacitor field electrodes, coil field applicators, hole electrodes and other types of radiation elements.

For å klarlegge de enkelte prosesser ved innvirkningen av høyfrekvensfelter, på kreftvev og også på enkelte kreftceller og særlig å fastslå virkningen av strålingsfrekvens og strålings-intensitet gjennomførte man omfangsrike forskningsarbeider. In order to clarify the individual processes involved in the impact of high-frequency fields on cancer tissue and also on individual cancer cells, and in particular to determine the effect of radiation frequency and radiation intensity, extensive research work was carried out.

Resultatét av disse undersøkelser var en fundamental oppdagelse som ga grunn til langt på vei å forlate det hittil benyttede begrep vevtempératurhøyning og isteden å tale om celletemperatur- The result of these investigations was a fundamental discovery which gave reason for a long way to abandon the previously used concept of tissue temperature increase and instead to talk about cell temperature

stigning i sunne normalceller pg i kreftceller. Under bestemte forutsetninger kan der nemlig i bestrålingsfeltet iakttas primært biofysikalske og sekundært biokjemiske forandringer som lar seg increase in healthy normal cells due to cancer cells. Under certain conditions, primarily biophysical and secondarily biochemical changes can be observed in the irradiation field which allow

identifisere ikke som vevtypiske, men som utpreget celletypiske,identify not as tissue-typical, but as distinctly cell-typical,

og det nesten uavhengig av den midlere vevtemperatur. Den selektivt sterkere temperaturhøyning av kreftcellene i forhold til, normalcellene som lar seg oppnå med den ovenfor angitte.apparatur i henhold til oppfinnelsen, blir tilskrevet'det forhold at and that almost independently of the average tissue temperature. The selectively stronger temperature increase of the cancer cells compared to the normal cells that can be achieved with the above-mentioned apparatus according to the invention is attributed to the fact that

cellene representerer isolerte, elektriske miniatyrsvingekretser med typiske resonans- og dempningsegehskaper som avhenger av stoffskiftet. the cells represent isolated, miniature electric oscillatory circuits with typical resonance and damping properties that depend on the metabolism.

I henhold til en videre utvikling av oppfinnelsen arbeider apparaturen med minst to, men fortrinnsvis med et enda større antall av strålingskilder, som er slik geometrisk plasert at de According to a further development of the invention, the apparatus works with at least two, but preferably with an even greater number of radiation sources, which are geometrically positioned so that they

magnetiske feltkomponenter av de utstrålte bølgefronter trengermagnetic field components of the radiated wavefronts need

inn i pasientens kropp fra flest mulige retninger, dirigert mot den angrepne kroppssone. Det er gunstig om. den geometriske plasering av strålingskildene i et sylindrisk koordinatsystem hvis midtakse befinner seg i pasientens kropp, skjer på den måte at de magnetiske feltkomponenter av de utstrålte bølgefronter. peker tilnærmelsesvis radialt fra hele sirkelomkretsen på 360° eller into the patient's body from as many directions as possible, directed towards the affected body zone. It is favorable if. the geometric placement of the radiation sources in a cylindrical coordinate system whose central axis is located in the patient's body occurs in such a way that the magnetic field components of the radiated wavefronts. points approximately radially from the full circle circumference of 360° or

fra delsirkelbuer inn mot feltsentret, fortrinnsvis under samtidig feltkonsentrasjon også i aksial retning. from semicircular arcs towards the field centre, preferably under simultaneous field concentration also in the axial direction.

Det har vist seg meget hensiktsmessig om der i bestrålingsfeltet: blir frembragt et bredtbåndsspektrum av blandede høyfrekvente It has proven to be very appropriate if in the irradiation field: a broadband spectrum of mixed high-frequency

elektromagnetiske svingninger, f.eks. ved gjensidige overlagringer av bølger under anvendelse av to eller flere strålingskilder og/eller ved overlågringseffekter ved hjelp av vilkårlig mange reflektorflater resulterende i kompliserte fase-, frekvens- og electromagnetic fluctuations, e.g. by mutual superimpositions of waves using two or more radiation sources and/or by superimposition effects by means of any number of reflector surfaces resulting in complicated phase, frequency and

ampiitudemodulasjoner, og om dette bredtbåndsspektrums amplitudemaksimum ligger i et frekvensområde med optimal kreftcelle-HF-resonans. amplitude modulations, and whether this broadband spectrum's amplitude maximum lies in a frequency range with optimal cancer cell HF resonance.

Det byr på fordeler at apparaturens HF-utgangseffekt, feltenergitettheten i feltsentret, de geometriske dimensjoner av bestrålingsfeltet og bestrålingstidene blir valgt slik at de friske normalceller i den direkte bestrålte kroppsregion undergår It offers advantages that the device's HF output power, the field energy density in the field center, the geometric dimensions of the irradiation field and the irradiation times are chosen so that the healthy normal cells in the directly irradiated body region undergo

en temperaturstigning på høyst +7°C, at den midlere temperaturstigning i blodkretsløpet hos den samlede organisme utgjør mindre enn +2-3°C, men at kreftcellene i løpet av samme tid blir tilintetgjort ved koagulasjon av celleplåsmaet. Hensiktsmessig blir apparaturen dimensjonert slik at dens HF-utgangseffekt ikke a temperature rise of no more than +7°C, that the average temperature rise in the blood circulation of the whole organism amounts to less than +2-3°C, but that the cancer cells are destroyed during the same time by coagulation of the cell plasma. Appropriately, the equipment is dimensioned so that its HF output power does not

vesentlig under- eller overskrider en optimal verdi på ca.significantly below or exceeding an optimal value of approx.

5-8 kW pr..meter bestrålt kroppslengde.5-8 kW per meter of irradiated body length.

I en eksempelvis anført utførelse anvender man ved apparaturen som strålingskilder en spesiell form for hullederstråleelement som er tilpasset ultrahøyfrekvens- eller mikrobølgeområdet og stråler ut en nesten ren H-bølgetype, noe som oppnås ved under-.trykkelse av E-bølgetypen ved hjelp av endel konstruktive forholdsregler, slik at de magnetiske feltkomponenter i bestrålingsfeltet nesten utelukkende ligger i bølgenes utbredelsesretning. In an embodiment given as an example, the apparatus uses a special type of hole radiating element as a radiation source, which is adapted to the ultra-high frequency or microwave range and radiates an almost pure H-wave type, which is achieved by suppressing the E-wave type by means of partially constructive precautions, so that the magnetic field components in the irradiation field lie almost exclusively in the direction of propagation of the waves.

Det har vist seg fordelaktig at den anvendte hullederstråier It has proven to be advantageous that the used hollow fiber straws

har form av et langstrakt rektangulært hus som har en traugformig fordypning i midtfeltet og en bølge-utgangsåpning av lignende form, at HF-tilkoblingen til resbnansrommet skjer ved hjelp av en has the form of an elongated rectangular housing which has a trough-shaped recess in the center field and a wave exit opening of a similar shape, that the HF connection to the resbnance room is made by means of a

ringsløyfeantenne som er bøyet i vinkel på begge sider og er montert på støtteisolafcorer i huset samt har sentral innmatning, ring loop antenna that is bent at an angle on both sides and is mounted on support insulators in the house and has a central feed,

og at utgangsåpningen for bølgene er kledd med en termo- eller duro-plastkappe hvis materiale har gunstige dielektriske egenskaper. and that the output opening for the waves is covered with a thermo- or duro-plastic jacket whose material has favorable dielectric properties.

Som en videre utvikling av oppfinnelsen blir bølgefrontene .ved passende formgivning, strålingskarakteristikk og geometrisk anordning av de anvendte strålingskilder, eventuelt også under anvendelse av ekstra ledeblikk, ledesteg og/eller reflektorflater dirigert! en slik retning at der både i radial- og i aksial-plånet oppstår en feltkonsentrasjon i et meget uskarpt brennpunkt. As a further development of the invention, the wave fronts are directed by appropriate shaping, radiation characteristics and geometrical arrangement of the radiation sources used, possibly also using additional guide beams, guide steps and/or reflector surfaces! such a direction that in both the radial and axial plane a field concentration occurs in a very blurred focal point.

Det er hensiktsmessig å anordne flere hulledérstrålere i sluttet polygon- eller sirkelringform med tilnærmet radialt innadrettet stråleforløp så der. fremkommer en strålerkrans hvis frie åpning gir tilstrekkelig: spillerom for bevegelsene av en voksen pasient med normalt, skuldermål. It is appropriate to arrange several hole emitters in a closed polygon or circular ring shape with an approximately radially inward beam course. a radial crown appears whose free opening provides sufficient: leeway for the movements of an adult patient with normal shoulder measurements.

Fordelaktig er to eller fleire strålerkranser anordnet i over hinannen liggende plan,(så der oppstår et tredimeirsjonalt strålerkranssystem som har større radial utstrekning og spesielt egner seg for storvolum-bestråltng, og som omgir pasienten ringformig. Advantageously, two or more beam crowns are arranged in a plane lying one above the other, (so a three-dimensional beam crown system is created which has a larger radial extent and is particularly suitable for large-volume irradiation, and which surrounds the patient in a ring shape.

Som et eksempel på utførelsen kan grunnfrekvensen for de enkelte bølger som overlagrer seg, ligge omtrent i frekvensbåndet As an example of the design, the fundamental frequency for the individual waves that are superimposed can lie roughly in the frequency band

433,92 MHz, som er internasjonalt reservert for medisinteknikken, 433.92 MHz, which is internationally reserved for medical technology,

med små frekvensawik hos strålingskildene seg imellom, fortrinnsvis begrenset til et område av - 1% maksimal frekvensforstemhing. with small frequency differences between the radiation sources, preferably limited to a range of - 1% maximum frequency distortion.

Videre er det gunstig at apparaturen benytter en bølgelengdeFurthermore, it is advantageous that the equipment uses a wavelength

i luft mellom ca. 60 og 90 cm, åt den i et tilnærmet hulsylindrisk feltrom på.ca. 30-150 dm frembringer en tilnærmelsesvis homogen feltenergitetthet på minst 0,02-0,03 W/cm og en.strålingstetthet på minst 1,0-1,5 W/cm<2>, og at, som en første tilnærmelse, de magnetiske,feltkomponentér i bestrålingsfeltet er rettet radialt innover, de elektriske feltkomponenter tangentialt og de pointingske ...vektorer av energistrømtettheten parallelt med feltrommets ... midtakse. in air between approx. 60 and 90 cm, it ate in an approximately hollow-cylindrical field space of approx. 30-150 dm produces an approximately homogeneous field energy density of at least 0.02-0.03 W/cm and a radiation density of at least 1.0-1.5 W/cm<2>, and that, as a first approximation, they magnetic field components in the irradiation field are directed radially inwards, the electric field components tangentially and the Poynting ...vectors of the energy current density parallel to the ... central axis of the field space.

Oppfinnelsen vil i det følgende bli belyst nærmere ved et foretrukket utførelseseksempel som er vist på tegningen. Fig. 1 er et grunnriss av et strålerkranssystem ifølge oppfinnelsen... ' : Fig. 2 viser lengdesnitt av tre stivt sammenholdte stråler-kranssystemer. In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by means of a preferred embodiment which is shown in the drawing. Fig. 1 is a ground plan of a jet crane system according to the invention... ' : Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of three rigidly connected jet crane systems.

Fig. 3 er et oppriss av strålerkranssystemene på fig, 2.Fig. 3 is an elevation of the jet crane systems of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 er et oppriss av en føringssøyle med tre vertikalt stillbare strålerkrånssystemer i samsvar med fig. 2, og Fig. 4 is an elevation of a guide column with three vertically adjustable jet crane systems in accordance with fig. 2, and

fig. 5 er et grunnriss av anordningen på fig. 4.fig. 5 is a plan view of the device in fig. 4.

På tegningen er der vist et strålerkranssystem med 12 hullederstrålere 1 fordelt på tre over hinannen liggende plan. Hver strålerkrans 2 er symmetrisk sammensatt av.fire hullederstrålere 1. Mellom disse 3x4 hullederstrålere 1 er der anordnet 3x4 The drawing shows a jet crane system with 12 hole jets 1 distributed over three planes lying one above the other. Each radiator ring 2 is symmetrically composed of four perforated radiators 1. Between these 3x4 perforated radiators 1 there are arranged 3x4

ledesteg 3 méd kileprofil, og fire sirkelringformede ledeblikk 4guide step 3 with wedge profile, and four circular ring-shaped guide eyes 4

er innlagt skiftende med kransene.2, altså henholdsvis over den første, mellom første og annen, mellom annen og tredje og under tredje strålerkrans..! De to midtre ledeblikk 4 har større innvendig diameter enn de to ytre. Øvre og nedre avslutning for det samlede strålerkranssystem dannes av. to profilringer 5. Disse profilringer 5 har avskrånede indre reflektorflater 6 som tjener til å kaste >■ are inserted alternating with the wreaths.2, i.e. respectively above the first, between the first and second, between the second and third and below the third ray wreath..! The two middle guide points 4 have a larger internal diameter than the two outer ones. The upper and lower terminations for the combined jet crane system are formed by two profile rings 5. These profile rings 5 have bevelled inner reflector surfaces 6 which serve to throw >■

spredningsstråling tilbake til feltsentret. De 12 ledesteg 3, de fire ledeblikk 4 og de to profilringer 5 er ved hjelp av fire strekkankre 7 sammenholdt til et stivt bur. Hver av de 12 hullederstrålere 1 kan lett skiftes ut ved at den er innskjøvet - radialt utenfra mellom ledeblikkené 4 og de innvendig med anslag forsynte ledesteg 3 hos buret og fiksert i stilling ved hjelp av en lask 8 som overlapper ytterkantene av huset og er klemt fjærende fast på ledesteget 12 ved hjelp av en manuelt, påskrudd kappe 9. scattering radiation back to the field center. The 12 guide steps 3, the four guide plates 4 and the two profile rings 5 are held together by means of four tension anchors 7 to form a rigid cage. Each of the 12 hole radiators 1 can be easily replaced by being pushed in - radially from the outside between the guide knee 4 and the internally provided guide steps 3 of the cage and fixed in position by means of a latch 8 which overlaps the outer edges of the housing and is clamped springily firmly on the guide step 12 using a manually screwed-on cover 9.

Strålingskildene er anordnet bevegelig, og det enten ,i vertikalplanet eller i horisontalplanet for å. gjøre det mulig å behandle henholdsvis stående og liggende pasienter. : Eventuelt kan der også være sørget for bevegelighet av.strålerkildene i The radiation sources are arranged to be movable, either in the vertical plane or in the horizontal plane to make it possible to treat standing and lying patients respectively. : Optionally, there can also be provision for mobility of the radiation sources in

begge plan, idet man fordelaktig gjør bruk av en mekanisk vippe-. eller svingeanordning. Som alternativ kari anordningen også være slik' at strålingskildene er stasjonære bg pasienten ved hjelp av eh egnet mekanisk innretning bringes i behandlingsposisjon ved å beveges i vertikal- eller horisontalplanet. both planes, advantageously making use of a mechanical tilt-. or swing device. As an alternative, the device can also be such that the radiation sources are stationary and the patient is brought into the treatment position by means of a suitable mechanical device by being moved in the vertical or horizontal plane.

En gunstig utformning; består i at dé innbyrdes stivt forbundne strålingskilder kan kjøres opp og ned i vertikalplanet ved hjelp av en elektrisk eller hydraulisk drivanordning, fortrinnsvis ved fjernstyring, for å gjøre det mulig ved behandlingen A favorable design; consists in that the mutually rigidly connected radiation sources can be driven up and down in the vertical plane by means of an electric or hydraulic drive device, preferably by remote control, to make it possible during the treatment

å dekke hele pasientens kropp mellom føtter og hode. Konstruk-tivt blir dette .f.eks. realisert på den måte at strålerkranssystemet ved hjelp av bærearmer 10 er stivt .^forbundet med et hus 11 (figi 4 og 5) inneholdende, et egnet drivaggregat, fortrinnsvis en omstillbar motor med utveksling og bremseløftning. I huset 11 to cover the patient's entire body between feet and head. Constructively, this becomes .e.g. realized in such a way that, by means of support arms 10, the jet crane system is rigidly connected to a housing 11 (figs. 4 and 5) containing a suitable drive unit, preferably an adjustable motor with transmission and brake lift. In house 11

er der satt inn en loddrett gjennomgående dreiningssikret førings-, a vertical, through-rotation-proof guide is inserted,

hylse. 12 som gir den nødvendige føring på en frittstående- søylesleeve. 12 which provides the necessary guidance on a free-standing column

13.<v>Denne søyle 13 er forankret i en stabil standplattform 14. Kraftoverførende forbindelse mellom føringssøyle 13 og drivaggregat skjer med et tannhjul som griper inn i en tannstang 15 fastskrudd til føringssøylen 13. 13.<v>This column 13 is anchored in a stable stand platform 14. The power-transmitting connection between the guide column 13 and the drive unit takes place with a gear which engages in a rack 15 screwed to the guide column 13.

Strålingskildene mates av hver sin HF-generator, fortrinnsvis under anvendelse av. separate koaksialkåbel-forbindelser. Det er også mulig å mate alle strålingskildene fra en felles HF-generator, . fortrinnsvis under anvendelse.av egnede hulleder- eller koaksialkabel-avgreninger med. tilstrekkelig gjensidig avkobling. The radiation sources are each fed by a separate HF generator, preferably using separate coaxial cable connections. It is also possible to feed all the radiation sources from a common HF generator, . preferably under the use of suitable hole conductors or coaxial cable branches with. sufficient mutual decoupling.

Det tilstrebede bredtbåridspektrum med komplisert sted-tids-C^ funksjon av de resulterende bølgeamplituder i bestrålingsfeltet oppnås med en liten frekvensforstemning av de enkelte HF-generatorer seg imellom og/eller usynkronisert fasestilling av de utstrålte bølgefronter, og man er da langt på vei fri for,gedmetriproblemer når det gjelder anordningen av strålingskildene. The desired broadband spectrum with complicated space-time C^ function of the resulting wave amplitudes in the irradiation field is achieved with a small frequency tuning of the individual HF generators among themselves and/or unsynchronized phase adjustment of the radiated wavefronts, and one is then far from free of ,gedmetry problems regarding the arrangement of the radiation sources.

I tilfellet av matning av alle strålingskildene fra samme HF-generator;er det derimot hensiktsmessig om man for å unngå stasjonære ekstinksjonseffekter i feltséntrum som følge av overlagring av motgående bølgetog i synkron fasestilling, velger en geometri hvor der mellom motstående strålingskilder overholdes en optimal avstand på en halv bølgelengde eller et ulike multiplum herav. - . • ■ • In the case of feeding all the radiation sources from the same HF generator, it is, on the other hand, appropriate if, in order to avoid stationary extinction effects in the field center as a result of the superimposition of opposing wave trains in synchronous phase position, a geometry is chosen where between opposing radiation sources an optimal distance of half a wavelength or an odd multiple thereof. - . • ■ •

Den viste apparatur ér videre utrustet med overvåknings-^. J og styreinnretninger, som fordelaktig er plasert sentralt. The apparatus shown is also equipped with monitoring-^. J and control devices, which are advantageously located centrally.

Sikringsbehovet er der tatt hensyn til ved at allé viktige kroppsfunksjoner hos pasienten under bestrålingen overvåkes med elektroniske apparater, f.eks. hudtemperaturen i den direkte bestrålte kiroppsregion, fortrinnsvis målt berøringsløst ved infrarødt-detektor, videre elektrokardi ogram, \ pulsfrekvens og The need for safety is taken into account in that all important body functions of the patient during the irradiation are monitored with electronic devices, e.g. the skin temperature in the directly irradiated chiropractor region, preferably measured non-contact with an infrared detector, further electrocardiogram, \ pulse rate and

pulsamplitude, arytmi og kroppsimpedans, fortrinnsvis målt pulse amplitude, arrhythmia and body impedance, preferably measured

berøringsløst med elektroder som befinner seg under pasientens fatter, men ikke har noen galvanisk kontakt med fotsålene, men non-contact with electrodes that are located under the patient's feet, but have no galvanic contact with the soles of the feet, but

, arbeider med kapasitiv kobling under anvendelse av en bærefrékyens som moduleres av de fysiologiske signaler og siden igjen filtreres...ut, samt eventuelt også fottemperatur, fortrinnsvis målt ved hjelp av en termistorspnde;som har tilstrekkelig varmeovergangskontakt til fotsålen. , works with capacitive coupling using a carrier frequency which is modulated by the physiological signals and then again filtered out, as well as possibly also foot temperature, preferably measured using a thermistor voltage; which has sufficient heat transfer contact to the sole of the foot.

De fremskaffede måleverdier blir gjort synlige ved visning.The acquired measurement values are made visible when displayed.

på skala og/eller ved visning'av kurver på.et oscilloskops on a scale and/or by displaying curves on an oscilloscope

billedskjerm og eventuelt også registrert i tillegg med et visende og skrivende måleinstrument. Styreinnretningene kan f.eks. være utført slik at apparaturen fjernstyres eksempelvis via en hovedbryter, via lystastere for selektiv drift av enkelte strålingskilder, via lystastere med på forhånd fastlagt korttidsprogrammering, via et tidskoblingsur med vilkårlig innstillbar gangtid, spesielt for langtidsbestråling, via en lystaster til hurtig utkobling i nødsfall, via lystastere og/eller vipper til endring.av pasientens behandlingsposisjon i bestrålingsfeltet, fordelaktig i forbindelse med en bryter til bévegelsesbegrensning, samt eventuelt via øvre og/eller, nedre grenseverdikontakter på måleinnrétninger for overvåkning av viktige kroppsfunksjoner hos pasienten, og at signallamper, spennings-, strøm- og effekt-måleinstrumenter viser driftstilstanden av sentralen, HF-generatorene og strålingskildene til enhver tid. screen and possibly also registered in addition with a showing and writing measuring instrument. The control devices can e.g. be designed so that the equipment is remotely controlled, for example, via a main switch, via light switches for selective operation of individual radiation sources, via light switches with pre-set short-term programming, via a timer with arbitrarily adjustable operating time, especially for long-term irradiation, via a light switch for quick switch-off in an emergency, via light switches and/or toggles to change the patient's treatment position in the irradiation field, advantageously in connection with a switch for movement limitation, as well as possibly via upper and/or lower limit value contacts on measuring devices for monitoring important body functions in the patient, and that signal lamps, voltage, current and power measuring instruments show the operating state of the switchboard, the HF generators and the radiation sources at all times.

Til diagnose og/eller til kontroll av den terapeutiske virkning under bestrålingen anvender man et visende eller skrivende måleinstrument, -fortrinnsvis et skriveinstrument med potensiometer, som foretar en måling og registrerende proses.skontroll av forholdet mellom strålingsabsorbsjon i pasientens legeme og strålings- . refleksjon pluss strålingstransmisjon på hudoverflaten og tillater verdifulle diagnostiske slutninger med hensyn til tilstedeværelse " resp. gradvis forsvinning av den i forhold til friskt normalvev tydelig økede strålingsabsorbsjon i området for hovedsvulst og metastaser. For diagnosis and/or to check the therapeutic effect during the irradiation, a pointing or writing measuring instrument is used, -preferably a writing instrument with a potentiometer, which performs a measurement and recording process control of the ratio between radiation absorption in the patient's body and radiation-. reflection plus radiation transmission on the skin surface and allows valuable diagnostic conclusions regarding the presence " or gradual disappearance of the clearly increased radiation absorption in the area of the main tumor and metastases compared to healthy normal tissue.

Hensiktsmessig går man frem på den måte at strålings-refleksjonsandelen og -transmisjbnsandelen. i en ringantenne som Appropriately, one proceeds in such a way that the radiation-reflection portion and the transmission portion. in a ring antenna which

omslutter den bestrålte region av pasientens kropp induserer et \ ."HF-signal som tilføres absorbsjonsmåleappafatet via én måleledning, forsterkes i tilstrekkelig grad og. fremvises.. enveloping the irradiated region of the patient's body induces an HF signal which is supplied to the absorption measuring apparatus via one measuring lead, sufficiently amplified and displayed.

Det er. i den forbindelse gunstig om strålerkranssysternetsIt is. in that connection favorable about the jet crown system

. ringformede bur, som består av metalliske deler som alle er.\. elektrisk ledende forbundet innbyrdes, samtidig tjener som • ringantenne til å skaffe HF-signalet for absorbsjonsmåleinstrumentet. . annular cages, consisting of metallic parts which are all.\. electrically conductive interconnected, at the same time serves as • ring antenna to obtain the HF signal for the absorption measuring instrument.

Det har vist seg å utgjøre eri verdifull forbedring at der i tillegg tilføres absorbsjonsmåleinstrumentet et annet signal fra It has proven to be a valuable improvement that the absorption measuring instrument is additionally supplied with another signal from

en berør.ingsløs ihfrarødt-hudtemperaturmåling, nemlig et analog<-• likespenningssignal som i henhold, til en komplisert matematisk funksjon er koblingsteknisk sammenknyttet med HF-signalet<p>g a non-contact infrared skin temperature measurement, namely an analogue<-• direct voltage signal which, in accordance with a complicated mathematical function, is technically connected to the HF signal<p>g

anvendes til. kompensasjon av temperaturinnflytelsen i strålingsrefleksjon.og strålingstransmisjon for å gi virkelighetsnære absorbsjonsmåleverdier. used for. compensation of the temperature influence in radiation reflection and radiation transmission to provide realistic absorption measurement values.

Videre har det vist seg hensiktsmessig at der på absorbsjonsmåleinstrumentets papirstrimmel i tillegg blir tegnet en annen kurve som tilsvarer den respektive behandlingsposisjon av pasienten i bestrålingsfeltet og tjener til å gi en reproduserbar til-ordning av absorbsjonsmåleverdiené til høydestillingen av den i øyeblikket bestrålte kroppsregion, og som fås ved en enkel måling av avstanden mellom pasientens føtter og strålingskildeanordningens geometriske . midtpunkt.- Furthermore, it has proven appropriate that another curve is drawn on the absorption measuring instrument's paper strip in addition, which corresponds to the respective treatment position of the patient in the irradiation field and serves to provide a reproducible assignment of the absorption measurement value to the height position of the currently irradiated body region, and which obtained by a simple measurement of the distance between the patient's feet and the radiation source device's geometry. center point.-

For frembringelse av desiraeterbølgene som skal virke terapeutisk i bestrålingsfeltet,'undersøkte man alle tenkelige tekniske varianter med hensyn til deres hensiktsmessighet. In order to generate the desiraether waves which are to have a therapeutic effect in the irradiation field, all conceivable technical variants were examined with regard to their appropriateness.

Den gunstigste løsning viste seg å. være å tilføre apparaturen den nødvendige HF-energi fra minst én HF-generator hvis vesentlige komponenter utgjøres ay et egnet senderrør, fortrinnsvis en keramikk-skive-triode, en koaksial hulromsresonator utformet som sjaktkrets, samt et koaksialt overbølgefilter. The most favorable solution turned out to be to supply the equipment with the required HF energy from at least one HF generator, the essential components of which are a suitable transmitter tube, preferably a ceramic disc triode, a coaxial cavity resonator designed as a shaft circuit, and a coaxial surge filter .

Det er gunstig om senderrøret drives i anode-basis-kobling, så katoderi får høyt negativt potensial mot gods. It is beneficial if the transmitter tube is operated in an anode-base connection, so that the cathode receives a high negative potential against the load.

Hensiktsmessig blir HF-utgangsledningen utkoblet kapasitivt fra hulromsresonatoren. Conveniently, the HF output line is capacitively decoupled from the cavity resonator.

Ved en bestrålingsapparatur som allerede har. fått klinisk In the case of an irradiation apparatus that already has. obtained clinically

anvendelse, ble der til beskyttelse mot utilsiktet bestråling av hodet, på strålerkranssystemets øvre profilring (5) anbragt et lysskrankerelé som straks frakobler HF-generatorene og holder dem skilt fra deres strømforsyning så snart og så lenge pasientens hode avbryter en lysstråle som av en linseoptikk kastes mot et diametralt plasert fasettspéil og derfra reflekteres til en fotodiode innbygget i lysskrankereleets kapsell application, to protect against accidental irradiation of the head, a light switch relay was placed on the upper profile ring (5) of the beam crown system, which immediately disconnects the HF generators and keeps them separated from their power supply as soon as and as long as the patient's head interrupts a light beam cast by a lens optic towards a diametrically positioned facet mirror and from there is reflected to a photodiode built into the capsule of the light counter relay

I en endret utførelsesform kan strålerkranssystemét styres for kjøring opp og ned ikke bare over tre lystastere med funksjonene "opp", "stopp", og "ned", men dessuten også vesentlig mer fintfølende In a modified embodiment, the jet crane system can be controlled for driving up and down not only via three light switches with the functions "up", "stop", and "down", but also significantly more sensitive

via et ytterligere kommandoorgan, nemlig over en koblingsteknisk forriglet vende-inn-ut-taster med svingarmbetjening. via a further control device, namely via a switching technology interlocked turn-in-out keys with swing arm operation.

Gjennomførte fysikalske målinger i bestrålingsfeltet for en elektromedisinsk bestrålingsapparatur utført i samsvar med opp- Carried out physical measurements in the irradiation field for an electromedical irradiation apparatus carried out in accordance with

finnelsén har gitt verdifulle informasjoner om under hvilke, spesielle betingelser ut fra såvel rent medisinsk-terapeutiske finnelsén has provided valuable information about under which, special conditions from both a purely medical and therapeutic point of view

som apparaturmessige forutsetninger der kan ventes optimale as equipment-related prerequisites that can be expected to be optimal

..behandlingsresultater. Biopsier har påvist at aktive kreftceller som tilstrekkelig lenge bestråles med mikrobølger.i tilstrekkelig strålingsdosis, blir riektrotisert, og det i 100% av alle undersøkte tilfeller. I ..treatment results. Biopsies have shown that active cancer cells that are irradiated with microwaves for a sufficiently long time and in a sufficient dose of radiation are rectified, and this in 100% of all investigated cases. IN

den forbindelse er det interessant at koagulasjonen av kreftcellenes celleplasma går så langt at cellene helt mister sin indre struktur og slett ikke lenger lar seg erkjenne som sådanne. Hverken cellemembran, celleplasma eller cellekjerne er synlig under mikroskopet etter en slik koaguleringsprosess. Cellen omdanner seg til biologisk strukturløs, helt størknet eggehvite i Normale celler viser derimot ingen som helst endringer. In this connection, it is interesting that the coagulation of the cell plasma of the cancer cells goes so far that the cells completely lose their internal structure and can no longer be recognized as such at all. Neither cell membrane, cell plasma nor cell nucleus is visible under the microscope after such a coagulation process. The cell transforms into biologically structureless, completely solidified egg white in Normal cells, on the other hand, show no changes whatsoever.

Ved kortvarig bestråling sprekker cellemembranene uten at.In case of short-term irradiation, the cell membranes burst without

der inntrer koagulasjon, men selv slike kreftceller er ikke levedyktige lengder og dør ut. coagulation occurs there, but even such cancer cells are not viable lengths and die.

Ut fra de erkjennelser man kom frem til,, meldte der seg ..som Based on the findings that were arrived at, there reported ..as

ytterligere oppgave eksakt å klarlegge de fysikalske betingelser,further task of clarifying exactly the physical conditions,

i bestrålingsfeltet under hvilke det er mulig å oppnå de beste resultater av behandlingen. in the irradiation field under which it is possible to achieve the best results of the treatment.

For å gjøre det lettvint å betjene bestrålingsapparaturen selv for uskolert.personale blir der gitt anvisning på en funksjonelt forbedret fjernstyring som begrenser seg til et minimum av betjenings-operasjoner. Samtidig blir der dermed under vidtgående hensyntagen til de i praksis opptredende kliniske krav også.oppnådd en reduksjon av det nødvendige antall signal- og styrekabler, som; virker meget ■ forstyrrende i terapirommet, til et minimum. ; Enda et krav som bør oppfylles, består sluttelig i å perfeksjonere absorbsjohsmålemetoden for diagnose og terapikontroll slik at det blir mulig umiddelbart å registrere og avlese ikke bare det momentane forløp av absorbsjonskurven, men også krono-logisk summerte middelverdier, at der kan arbeides med større . >' oppløsningsnøyaktighet som følge av raskere fremmatning av papiret uten at papirforbruket øker tilsvarendé, at de respektive absorb-sjdnsmåleverdiér enkelt og feilfritt avlesbart straks kan tilordnes en nøyaktig definert behandlingsposisjon av pasienten i bestrålingsfeltet, og at man får eliminert de målefeil som oppstår ved antennevirkning av måleledningen mellom ringantenne og måleinstrument når denne måleledning som følge av relativ bevegelse av pasient og béstrålingsfelt stadig skifter stilling på udefinerbar måte i sprednihgsstrålefeltet i terapirommet.'*'. In order to make it easy to operate the irradiation equipment even for untrained personnel, instructions are given on a functionally improved remote control which is limited to a minimum of operating operations. At the same time, a reduction in the required number of signal and control cables is also achieved, taking extensive account of the clinical requirements occurring in practice, such as; seems very ■ disturbing in the therapy room, to say the least. ; Finally, one more requirement that should be met consists in perfecting the absorption measurement method for diagnosis and therapy control so that it becomes possible to immediately record and read not only the instantaneous progress of the absorption curve, but also chronologically summed mean values, so that work can be done with larger . >' resolution accuracy as a result of faster feeding of the paper without a corresponding increase in paper consumption, that the respective absorbance measurement values can be easily and errorlessly read immediately assigned to a precisely defined treatment position of the patient in the irradiation field, and that the measurement errors that occur due to the antenna effect of the measuring wire between the ring antenna and the measuring instrument when this measuring wire, as a result of relative movement of the patient and the radiation field, constantly changes position in an undefinable way in the scattered radiation field in the therapy room.'*'.

For fjernstyring av den ,i bestrålingsfeltet virkende HF-energi såvel som av relativbevegelsen mellom pasient og bestrålingsfelt med sikte på muligheten for å behandle hele kroppen mellom føtter og hode gis der anvisning på en batteridrevet, hendig ultralydssender og ultralydmottager som begge ér bygget heltransistorisert, og som på sendersiden er utrustet med pulsvipper eller trykktaster. Fortrinnsvis benyttes åtte ultralydkanaler som ved en eksempelvis valgt utførelse kan overføre følgende styrefunksjoner: Kanal I Relativbevegels.e_me d 60 mm/ s i retning føtter for For remote control of the HF energy acting in the irradiation field as well as of the relative movement between the patient and the irradiation field with a view to the possibility of treating the whole body between feet and head, instructions are given for a battery-powered, handy ultrasound transmitter and ultrasound receiver, both of which are fully transistorized, and which on the transmitter side are equipped with pulse flip-flops or push buttons. Preferably, eight ultrasound channels are used which, in an example chosen design, can transmit the following control functions: Channel I Relativbevegels.e_me d 60 mm/s in the direction of feet for

varigheten av styrepulsen..the duration of the control pulse..

Kanal II Relativbevegelse med 60 mm/s i retning over hodet for varigheten av styrepulsen. Channel II Relative movement at 60 mm/s in the direction above the head for the duration of the control pulse.

Kanal III HF-energi INN.Channel III HF energy IN.

Kanal IV HF-energi UT og relativbevegelse med 60 mm/s opp til Channel IV HF energy OUT and relative movement with 60 mm/s up to

sluttstilling over hodet.final position overhead.

Kanal V Bevegelse en gang frem og tilbake mellom føtter og Channel V Movement once back and forth between feet and

endestilling over hodet ved samtidig innkoblet HF-energi. end position above the head when HF energy is switched on at the same time.

Kanal VI 2 x bevegelse frem og tilbake mellom føtter og endestilling over hodet ved samtidig.innkoblet HF-energi. Channel VI 2 x movement back and forth between the feet and end position above the head when HF energy is simultaneously switched on.

Kanal VII 3 x bevegelse frem og tilbake mellom føtter og endestilling over hodet ved samtidig innkoblet HF-energi. Channel VII 3 x movement back and forth between the feet and end position above the head when HF energy is connected at the same time.

Kanal VIII 4 x bevegelse frem og tilbake mellom føtter og endestilling over hodet .ved samtidig innkoblet HF-energi.. Channel VIII 4 x movement back and forth between the feet and end position above the head .with simultaneously connected HF energy..

For diagnose.og/eller kontroll av terapiresultåtet blir der under bestrålingen anvendt et lysende og skrivende måleinstrument, fortrinnsvis et potensionteter-skriveinstrument i en utførelse med For diagnosis and/or control of the therapy result, a luminous and writing measuring instrument is used during the irradiation, preferably a potentiotheter writing instrument in a design with

flere måleområdet med lineær og/eller logaritmisk skala, med integral-verdi-opptegning.på et annet skrivespor samt med omstyrbarhet av papirets fremmatningsretning. Måleinstrumentet er anordnet posisjonsbundet i forhold til bestrålingsfeltet. Retningen av papir-fremmatningen blir ved hjelp'av endebrytére alltid snudd når retningen av den relative bevegelse mellom pasient og bestrålingsfelt several measurement ranges with a linear and/or logarithmic scale, with integral-value recording. on a different writing track as well as with controllability of the paper's feed direction. The measuring instrument is arranged position-bound in relation to the irradiation field. The direction of the paper feed is always reversed by means of limit switches when the direction of the relative movement between the patient and the irradiation field

skifter. Den måleverdi som skal, analyseres, tas ut fra en dipol-eller rammeantenne som likeledes er anordnet posisjonsbundet i forhold til bestrålingsfeltet og ut fra spredningsstrålihgen som shifts. The measured value to be analysed, is taken from a dipole or frame antenna which is also arranged in a position-bound manner in relation to the irradiation field and from the scattering beam angle which

fyller rommet, utleder et indusert HF-signal som følger en matematisk: funksjon- i relasjon til forholdet mellom strålingsabsorbsjon i pasientens kropp.og strålingsrefleksjon pluss strålingstransmisjpn på hudoverflaten. De vesentlige fordeler som oppnås ved den fore- fills the room, derives an induced HF signal that follows a mathematical: function in relation to the ratio between radiation absorption in the patient's body and radiation reflection plus radiation transmission on the skin surface. The significant benefits achieved by the pre-

liggende oppfinnelse, er oppregnet nedenfor:lying invention, are listed below:

1. Målrettet total tilintetgjørelse av kreftcellene såvel i hoyedsvulsten som i de ofte sterkt spredte metastaser som fryktes. 2. Selektivtjjvirkende koagulas jon av kreftcellenes celleplasma uten noen som helst termisk overpåkjenning av kreftcellenes celleplasma, uten noen som helst termisk overpåkjenning av omgivende vev og uten skade på friske normalceller. 3. Samtidig dekning av utstrakte kroppspartier ved typisk „storvolum-bestråling. 1. Targeted total destruction of the cancer cells both in Hoyed's tumor and in the often widely spread metastases that feared. 2. Selectively effective coagulation of the cancer cells' cell plasma without any thermal overstressing of the cancer cells' cell plasma, without any thermal overloading of the surrounding tissue and without damage to healthy normal cells. 3. Simultaneous coverage of extended body parts with typical "large-volume" irradiation.

4. Bagatellmessig belastning på hjerte- og kretsløp.4. Trivial stress on the heart and circulation.

5. Ingen påviselig fare for sekundære komplikasjoner.5. No demonstrable risk of secondary complications.

6. Relativt langsom biokjemisk spaltning av dé ved størkning drepte kreftceller, så de toksiner og antitoksiner som fyller opp pasientens blodkretsløp, normalt uten vanskelighet kan mestres av organismen... 7. Diagnostisk avsøkning av pasientens kropp med mikrobølger for rask og samtidig også ekstremt følsom deteksjon av eventuelle hittil ukjente metastaser. 8. Umiddelbarikontroll av terapiresultatet allerede under bestrålingen ved måléteknisk overvåkning og registrering av den gradvis svinnende sykelige mikrobølgeabsorbsjon som i 6. Relatively slow biochemical breakdown of the cancer cells killed by solidification, so the toxins and antitoxins that fill up the patient's bloodstream can normally be mastered by the organism without difficulty... 7. Diagnostic scan of the patient's body with microwaves too fast and at the same time also extremely sensitive detection of any hitherto unknown metastases. 8. Immediate barometric control of the therapy result already during the irradiation by metrological monitoring and recording of the gradually diminishing morbid microwave absorption as in

området for hovedsvulst og metastaser er tydelig øket i forhold til friskt normalvev.. the area of the main tumor and metastases is clearly increased compared to healthy normal tissue..

Eksperimenter med den forbedrede fjernstyring og méd den videre utviklede absorbsjonsmålemetode for diagnose- og terapikontroll har gitt ypperlige resultater. Experiments with the improved remote control and with the further developed absorption measurement method for diagnosis and therapy control have produced excellent results.

Under de ovennevnte punkter 7. og 8. skål der som grense mellom ultrakort- og mikro-bølger forstås én bølgefrekvens på 300 MHz .(bølgelengde 1 m) i motsetning til hva som. er tilfellet i en del av den moderne tekniske.litteratur hvor lengre desimeterbølger. fremdeles ofte tilordnes ultrahøyfrekvens-området.. Under the above-mentioned points 7 and 8, the boundary between ultra-short and microwave waves is defined as one wave frequency of 300 MHz (wavelength 1 m) as opposed to what. is the case in part of the modern technical literature where longer decimeter waves. still often assigned to the ultra-high frequency range..

Claims

1. Electromedical irradiation equipment for curing cancer

in high-frequency extreme hyperthermia therapy, characterized by the fact that the apparatus in its irradiation field works with decimeter waves of pure or dominant H-wave type > namely in a frequency range where the cancer cells show clear HF resonance, but there is a sufficient safety distance to other wavelengths. where even healthy normal cells show signs of comparable resonance effects, and that the field energy density is high enough to cause the cancer cells' cell plasma to solidify.'

2. Apparatus as stated in claim 1, characterized in that it works with at least two, preferably an even greater number of radiation sources which are geometrically arranged so that they magnetic field components of the radiated wavefronts penetrate the patient's body from the most possible directions directed towards the attacked body zone.

3. Apparatus as specified in claim 2, characterized in that the geometric placement of the radiation sources in a cylindrical - coordinate system whose central axis the patient's body is located in is such that the magnetic field components of the radiated wavefronts point approximately towards the field center from. the full circle circumference of 360° or from partial circular arcs during simultaneous field concentration also in the axial direction. .

4. Apparatus as specified in crawl, characterized in that a broadband spectrum of mixed high-frequency electromagnetic oscillations is produced in the irradiation field, e.g. by mutual superpositions of waves using two or more radiation sources and/or by superposition effects provided with. arbitrarily many reflector surfaces resulting in complicated phase, frequency and amplitude modulation, and that the amplitude maximum for this broadband spectrum lies in a frequency range with optimal cancer cell HF resonance. .

5. Apparatus as specified in claim 1, characterized in that its HF output power, the field energy density in the field center, the geometric dimensions of the irradiation field as well as the processing the times are chosen: so that the healthy normal cells in the directly irradiated body region undergo a temperature rise of no more than +7°C, that the average temperature rise in the entire organism's blood circulation amounts to less than + 2 to 3°C, but that the cancer cells at the same time is destroyed by coagulation of the cell plasma.

6. "Apparatus as stated in claim 5, characterized in that its HF output power does not significantly under or exceed an optimum value of approximately 5-8 kW per meters irradiated ' body weight.

7. Apparatus as stated in claim 1, characterized in that it uses as radiation sources a special type of hi-conductor rays that are matched to ultrasound frequency or microwave the area and radiates an almost pure H-wave type, which is achieved by suppressing the E-wave type by means of suitable constructive measures, so that the magnetic field components in the irradiation field almost exclusively proceed in the direction of the waves' propagation.

8. Apparatus as specified in claim 7, characterized in that the used hole radiator has the form of an elongated housing with a trough-shaped recessed center field and with a correspondingly shaped wave output opening, that the HF connection to the resonance room is made with a ring loop antenna that is mounted on support insulators in the housing and is bent at an angle on both sides and has a central feed, and that the exit opening for the waves is lined with a thermoplastic or duroplast jacket whose material has favorable dielectric properties.

9. Apparatus as stated in claim 2 or 3, characterized by . that the wave fronts, as a result of suitable design, radiation characteristics and geometric arrangement of. they used radiation sources, possibly also with the simultaneous use of guide beams, guide steps and/or reflectors, are directed in such a direction that both in radial and axial planes a field .concentration in a very sharp focal point. .

10. Apparatus as specified in claims 2, 3, 7 and 9, vessel act see that several hole radiators are arranged at the end polygonal or circular ring shape with an approximately radially inwardly directed beam path, so that a beam wreath appears if internal measurements offer sufficient leeway for the movements of an adult patient with normal shoulder measurements.

11. Apparatus as stated in claims 2, 3, 7, 9 and 10, characterized in that two or more jet rings are arranged in a plan lying one above the other, so that a three-dimensional beam crane system which has a larger axial extent and is particularly suitable for large-volume irradiation, and which surrounds the patient in an annular shape.

12. 'Apparatus as specified in claim 4, characterized in that the fundamental frequency of the individual waves that are superimposed, lies approximately in the internationally released for medical technology frequency band 433.92 MHz with little frequency deviation of the radiation sources between themselves, preferably limited to a range of 1% maximum frequency bias.

13.. Apparatus as specified in claims 2, 3, 7 and 9-11, characterized in that 12 hole radiators (1) are arranged in three overlapping planes such that each radiator ring (2) is symmetrically assembled by four hole radiators .(1), that between these 3x4 hole radiators (1) there are 3x4 guide steps (3) which keep a distance between four circular ring-shaped guide beams (4) which are located respectively above the first, between the first and second, between the second and third and below the third ray wreath (2), that the two middle conductor plate (4) has a larger internal diameter than the two outer ones, and that two profile rings (5) which have beveled inner reflector surfaces (6) to throw scattered radiation back to the field center, form upper and lower terminations for the overall beam control system.

14., Apparatus as specified in claims 2, 3, 7, 9-11 and 13, characterized in that the twelve guide steps (3), the four guide eyes (4) and the two profile rings (5) form a rigid cage together of four tension anchors (7), and that each of the twelve hole radiators (1) is easily replaceable, which is achieved by the fact that they are inserted radially from the outside between the guide plates (2) and the guide steps (3) equipped with stops on the inside at cage and is fixed in this position by means of twelve tabs (8) which overlap the outer edges of the housing and in turn are spring-loaded onto the twelve guide steps (12) by means of twelve easily operated screw caps (9).

15.. Apparatus as specified in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the radiation sources are arranged to move, namely either in the vertical plane for treatment of standing patients or in the horizontal plane to enable treatment of patients in a lying position, optionally also in the two plane with the assistance of a mechanical tilting or turning device. .

16. Apparatus as stated in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the radiation sources are arranged stationary, and that the patient is brought into the treatment position by means of a suitable mechanical device by movement in the vertical or horizontal plane.

17. Apparatus as specified in claim 15, characterized in that the rigidly connected radiation sources can be moved up and down in the vertical plane with electric motor or hydraulic operation, preferably by remote control, to make it possible during the treatment to cover the entire patient's body between the feet and head.

18. Apparatus as specified in claims 13-15 and 17, characterized by the jet nozzle system By means of support arms (10) is rigidly connected to a housing (11) in which there is a suitable drive unit: preferably an external gear motor with brake lift, that there is inserted in the housing a vertical through-rotating guide sleeve (12) which provides the necessary guidance on a free-standing column (13), that this guide column (13) is anchored in a stable main platform (14), and that the power-transmitting connection between the guide column (13) and the drive unit takes place by means of a gear which engages in a rack (15) screwed together with the guide column (13).

19.. Apparatus as stated in one of claims 2-4, characterized in that each of the radiation sources is fed by a separate HF generator, preferably via separate coaxial cable connections.

20. Apparatus as stated in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that all the radiation sources are fed by the same. HF generator, preferably using suitable hollow core or coaxial cable branches which are sufficiently decoupled.

21. Apparatus as specified in claims 4 and 19, characterized in that the desired broadband spectrum is provided brought with a complicated place-time function of the resulting wave amplitudes in the irradiation field by weak frequency tuning of the individual HF generators among themselves and/or by unsynchronized phase alignment of the radiated wavefronts with wide-ranging freedom from geometry problems in the arrangement of the radiation sources.

22. Apparatus as specified in claim 20, characterized in that for the avoidance of stationary extinction effects in . the field center as a result of. superimposition of opposing wave trains in synchronism .-'■phase position is chosen eh geometry with which an optimal distance of half a wavelength or a different multiple thereof is observed between opposite radiation sources.

23. Apparatus as specified in claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with monitoring and control devices, preferably in a central device.

24....Apparatus as specified in claim 23, characterized in that all important body functions of the patient during the irradiation are monitored with electronic instruments, e.g. skin- . the temperature in the directly irradiated body region, preferably measured . ■contactless with infrared^de.tector, further electrovascular diagram, <:> pulse frequency and pulse amplitude, arrhythmia and body impedance, preferential show measured non-contact using electrodes that are located under the patient's feet but do not have galvanic contact with the foot ..the soles, but works with capacitive connection using a • carrier frequency, which is modulated by the physiological signals and later filtered out again, as well as possibly also the foot temperature, preferably measured with the help of a thermistor probe that has sufficient heat transfer contact to the sole of the foot.

25. Apparatus as specified in claims 23 and 24, characterized in that the provided measurement values are made visible by display on a scale and/or by display in curves on an oscilloscope's picture screen, and possibly additionally also registered by a displaying and writing measuring instrument.

26. Apparatus as specified in claims 19, 23 and 24, characterized in that the apparatus in an exemplary embodiment is remotely controlled via a main switch, via light switches for optional operation of individual ; radiation sources, via light switches with pre-defined short-term programming, via a timer with arbitrarily adjustable running time, especially for long-term irradiation, via a light switch for quick switch-off in 'emergency cases', via light switches and/or rockers for changing the patient's treatment position in the irradiation field, advantageous in connection with limit switches for movement restriction, as well as possibly via upper and/or lower limit value contacts on measuring devices for monitoring important body functions in the patient, and that signal lamps, voltage, current and power measuring instruments show the operating state of the central unit, the HF generators and the radiation sources at all times.

27. Apparatus as stated in claim 1, characterized in that for diagnosis and/or to check the therapy result during the irradiation there is a showing and writing measuring instrument, preferably a potentiometer-writing instrument, which makes a measurement and registers process control of the relationship between the lingsabsorb ion . in the patient's body and radiation reflection plus radiation transmission on the skin surface and allows valuable diagnostic inferences about the presence or gradual disappearance of the clearly increased radiation absorption in relation to healthy normal tissue in the area of the main tumor and metastasis... ■

28. Apparatus as specified in claim 27, characterized .: b e d that the radiation-reflection part• and -transmission part in a, ring antenna that encloses the irradiated body region of the patient, induces an HF signal which is supplied to the absorption measuring instrument via a measuring line, amplified to a sufficient extent and brought to presentation.

29. Apparatus as specified in claims 13, 14, 27 and 28, characterized in that the ring-shaped cage of the jet beam system, which.consists of metallic parts that are all electrically conductive and bonded together, at the same time serving as a ring antenna for providing the HF signal for the absorption measuring instrument.

30. Apparatus as specified in claims 27 and 28, characterized in that, in addition, another signal from a non-contact infrared skin temperature measurement is supplied to the absorption measuring instrument, namely an analogue direct voltage signal which is technically connected to the HF signal in a complicated mathematical function and serves to compensate the temperature influence in radiation reflection bg radiation transmission on the skin surface, to give true absorption measurement values.

31. Apparatus as specified in claim 27, characterized in that another curve corresponding to the patient's position in the irradiation field at all times is written on the paper strip of the absorption measuring instrument, bg serves for reproducible adjustment of the absorption measurement values to the height position of the momentarily irradiated body region, provided .from a simple off- . position measurement between the patient's feet and the geometric center of the radiation source device.

32. Apparatus as specified in requirements. 1, characterized by the fact that it receives the necessary HF energy supplied from at least one HF generator, whose "essential components are a suitable transmitter tube, preferably a ceramic disc triode, one shaft-shaped coaxial cavity resonator and a coaxial harmonic filter.

33. Apparatus as specified in claim 32, characterized in that the transmitter tube is operated in anode-base connection so that the cathode carries a high negative potential towards the goods.

34. Apparatus as specified in claim 32, characterized by. that the HF output effect is capacitively decoupled from the hulrbms reso- . the nator.

35. Apparatus as stated in claim 1, where an adequate sufficiently high field energy density to bring the cell plasma of the cancer cells to solidify, irésp. at least to cause their cell membranes to burst, c a i r a c t e r i s e r t by that the device uses a wavelength in air between approx. 60 and 90 cm, that in an approximately hollow-cylindrical field space of approx. 30-150 Sm produces an almost homogeneous field density of at least 0.02-0.03 W/cm and a radiation density of at least 1.0-1.5 W/cm, and that, to a first approximation, the magnetic field components in the ling field is directed radially inwards, the electric field components tangentially and the Poynting vectors of the energy current density parallel to the central axis of the field space.

36. Apparatus as stated in claim 15 or 16 as well as 23, characterized in that for remote control of the HF energy acting in the irradiation field as well as of relative movement between the patient and the irradiation field, a movement which shall do so. possible during the treatment to cover the whole body between feet and head, a preferably battery-powered handy ultrasound transmitter and ultrasound receiver are used, both of which are fully transistorized and equipped on the transmitter side with pulse flip-flops or push buttons, and which preferably work with eight ultrasound channels over which, in an exemplary embodiment, the following control functions are transmitted: Channel I Relative movement at 60 mm/s in the direction of feet for a long time the heat of the control pulse. Channel II Relative movement at 60 mm/s in the direction above the head for the duration of the control pulse. Channel III HF energy IN. Channel IV HF energy OUT and relative movement with 60 mm/s up to final position overhead. Channel V Movement once back and forth between feet and end position above the head when HF energy is switched on at the same time. : Channel Vi 2 x movement. back and forth between feet and end position above the head when HF energy is switched on at the same time. Channel VII 3 x movement back and forth between feet and end position above. the head when HF energy is switched on at the same time. Channel VIII 4 x movement back and forth between feet and end^ position above the head when HF energy is switched on at the same time.

37. Apparatus as specified in claim 27, characterized in that for diagnosis and/or control of the therapy result during the irradiation, a pointing and recording measuring instrument is used, preferably a pdtensiometer writing instrument, in an embodiment with several areas, with linear and/or. logarithmic scale, with integral-value recording on other.writing track as well as with.reversibility of right- ning of the paper advance, and arranged position-bound in relation to the irradiation field, that the direction of the paper feed is always reversed by means of. limit switches when the direction of the relative movement of the patient and irradiation field changes, and that the "measured value to be analyzed" is taken from a dipole ... or a frame antenna which is likewise arranged in a position bound to the irradiation field, and which from the scattered radiation that fills the room, derives an induced HF signal which, according to a mathematical function, is in relation to the ratio between radiation absorption in the patient's body and radiation reflection plus radiation transmission on the skin surface