NO763073L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO763073L NO763073L NO763073A NO763073A NO763073L NO 763073 L NO763073 L NO 763073L NO 763073 A NO763073 A NO 763073A NO 763073 A NO763073 A NO 763073A NO 763073 L NO763073 L NO 763073L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- zinc
- precipitation
- pieces
- added
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 e.g. Cu Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(chloromethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCl)=CC=CC2=C1CCl HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic trioxide Inorganic materials O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009858 zinc metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
- C22B15/0089—Treating solutions by chemical methods
- C22B15/0091—Treating solutions by chemical methods by cementation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
- C22B3/46—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes by substitution, e.g. by cementation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte ved utfelling av metallsement fra en oppløsning hvortil et utfellingsmiddel er blitt tilsatt. The invention relates to a method for the precipitation of metal cement from a solution to which a precipitating agent has been added.
Ved utfelling av metall i form av metallsement fra en opp-løsning av metallet hvortil et mer uedelt metall er blitt tilsatt som utfellingsmiddel, dvs. ved den såkalte "sementering", When metal is precipitated in the form of metal cement from a solution of the metal to which a more base metal has been added as a precipitating agent, i.e. by the so-called "cementing",
dreier det seg uten hensyntagen til om hvilket enkelt metall det gjelder, i det vesentlige alltid om et likeartig forløp hvor en ionebytting finner sted mellom et ifølge spenningsrekken edlere og et uedlere metall. regardless of the individual metal concerned, it is essentially always a similar process where an ion exchange takes place between a more noble and a less noble metal according to the voltage series.
Begrepet "sementering" defineres i "Lexikon der Hiittentechnik" The term "cementing" is defined in the "Lexikon der Hiittentechnik"
av Lliger, 4. opplag 1963 , bind 5, Deutsche Verlagsanstalt Stuttgart, side 733, som følger: "Utfelling av et metall fra en oppløsning ved hjelp av et uedlere metall. Det uedlere metall har et mer negativt potensial enn det metall, som skal utfelles, gir positivt ladede ioner i oppløsning, lader seg selv derved negativt og utlader alle kationer med mer positive potensialer. Utskilles i metallisk form. Det er altså potensialforskjellen mellom de forskjellige kationer under de fore-kommende betingelser som er utslagsgivende." by Lliger, 4th edition 1963, volume 5, Deutsche Verlagsanstalt Stuttgart, page 733, as follows: "Precipitation of a metal from a solution by means of a baser metal. The baser metal has a more negative potential than the metal, which is to is precipitated, gives positively charged ions in solution, thereby charging itself negatively and discharging all cations with more positive potentials. Excreted in metallic form. It is therefore the potential difference between the various cations under the prevailing conditions that is decisive."
Ved sementering- eller utfellingsprosesser -for de forskjel-ligste metaller oppstår grunnleggende vanskeligheter ved at det utfelte metall, det såkalte sementmetall, danner et overtrekk på overflaten av det uedlere metall som tilsettes som utfellingsmiddel, hvorved den elektrokjemiske reaksjon, dvs. ionebyttingen, hindres eller endog kan opphøre. Andre hindringer for reaksjonsforløpet skyldes at det på overflaten av det metalliske utfellingsmiddel enten dannes et oxydskikt eller at et overtrekk av fine gassblærer, In cementation or precipitation processes - for the most different metals - fundamental difficulties arise in that the precipitated metal, the so-called cement metal, forms a coating on the surface of the baser metal that is added as a precipitant, whereby the electrochemical reaction, i.e. the ion exchange, is prevented or may even cease. Other obstacles to the course of the reaction are due to either an oxide layer forming on the surface of the metallic precipitant or a coating of fine gas bubbles,
som skriver seg fra elektrolytiske prosesser, dannes. which is written from electrolytic processes, is formed.
Det tas derfor ved oppfinnelsen, sikte på å overvinne disse kjente vanskeligheter ved alle typer for utfellingsprosesser og derved avgjørende å forbedre både prosessens økonomi og utbyttet av metall, dvs. den samlede virkningsgrad- ved prosessen. The invention therefore aims to overcome these known difficulties in all types of precipitation processes and thereby decisively improve both the economy of the process and the yield of metal, i.e. the overall efficiency of the process.
Oppfinnelsen angår således en fremgangsmåte ved utfelling av metallsement fra en oppløsning hvortil et utfellingsmiddel er blitt tilsatt, og fremgangsmåten er særpreget ved anvendelsen av fremgangsmåten for utfelling av kobbersement.fra en kobberoppløsning hvortil jernstykker er blitt tilsatt, hvorved den kobbersement som avsettes på jernstykkene, oppløses ved å holde jernstykkene i stadig bevegelse og fjernes fra oppløsningen hvorfra kobber er blitt fjernet, idet jernstykkene rystes med en slik frekvens og amplityde at disse stadig vil slå mot hverandre, for hvilke som helst andre prosesser innen våtmetallurgien for utfelling av hvilke som helst metaller som metallsementer fra oppløsninger derav hvortil et uedlere elektrokjemisk negativt metall er blitt tilsatt som utfellingsmiddel i form av metallstykker. The invention thus relates to a method for precipitating metal cement from a solution to which a precipitating agent has been added, and the method is characterized by the use of the method for precipitating copper cement from a copper solution to which pieces of iron have been added, whereby the copper cement deposited on the pieces of iron is dissolved by keeping the pieces of iron in constant motion and removed from the solution from which copper has been removed, the pieces of iron being shaken at such a frequency and amplitude that they will constantly strike against each other, for any other processes in wet metallurgy for the precipitation of any metals which metal cements from solutions thereof to which a less noble electrochemically negative metal has been added as a precipitating agent in the form of metal pieces.
Ved en fordelaktig utførelsesform av den foreliggende fremgangsmåte anvendes denne innen sinkvåtmetallurgien for utfelling av et i forhold til sink edlere metall, som f.eks. Cu, Cd, Co eller Ni, som metallsement fra en sinkoppløsning hvortil sinkmetall-stykker er blitt tilsatt som utfellingsmiddel. In an advantageous embodiment of the present method, this is used in zinc wet metallurgy for the precipitation of a metal more noble than zinc, such as e.g. Cu, Cd, Co or Ni, as metal cement from a zinc solution to which pieces of zinc metal have been added as a precipitant.
En fordelaktig utførelsesform.av oppfinnelsen består i en ytterligere anvendelse av fremgangsmåten innen edelmetallvåtmetallurgien, f.eks. for utfelling av sølv eller gull som metallsement fra en cyanidoppløsning av disse hvortil sinkstykker er blitt tilsatt som utfellingsmiddel. An advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in a further application of the method within precious metal wet metallurgy, e.g. for the precipitation of silver or gold as metal cement from a cyanide solution of these to which pieces of zinc have been added as a precipitant.
Det anvendes da med fordel en svingemølle som utfellingsreaktor A swing mill is then advantageously used as a precipitation reactor
Oppfinnelsen og de tekniske og økonomiske fordeler som kan oppnås med denne sammenlignet med den hittil kjente fremgangsmåte, The invention and the technical and economic advantages that can be achieved with it compared to the previously known method,
er nedenfor nærmere beskrevet ved hjelp av et representativt anvendelseseksempel fra sinkvåtmetallurgien. is described in more detail below using a representative application example from zinc wet metallurgy.
Innen sinkvåtmetallurgien har det hittil vært vanlig at Within zinc wet metallurgy, it has so far been common that
de nøytrale luter som dannes, befris for oppløste fremmedmetaller, f.eks. Cu, Cd, Co eller Ni, derved at metallisk sinkpulver tilsettes til luten i røreverk, hvorved de såkalte forurensninger utfelles. the neutral lyes that are formed are freed from dissolved foreign metals, e.g. Cu, Cd, Co or Ni, whereby metallic zinc powder is added to the lye in mixers, whereby the so-called contaminants are precipitated.
Den kjente fremgangsmåte er bl.a. beheftet med den spesielle ulempe at sinkpulveret først må fremstilles, f.eks. ved forstøvning av metallisk sink. Dessuten forløper, reaksjonen mellom utfellings-pulveret og luten meget langsomt med en reaksjonstid på inntil flere timer, spesielt fordi det på de små sinkdeler dannes et immuniserende skikt av sinkoxyd som sterkt hemmer det videre reaksjon sforløp. The known method is i.a. affected by the particular disadvantage that the zinc powder must first be produced, e.g. by sputtering metallic zinc. Moreover, the reaction between the precipitation powder and the lye proceeds very slowly with a reaction time of up to several hours, especially because an immunizing layer of zinc oxide is formed on the small zinc parts which strongly inhibits the further course of the reaction.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendes det imidlertid sink i form av stykker, f.eks. som granulater med en størrelse på 2-10 mm som tilsettes til luten, istedenfor sinkpulver, og den samlede utfellings-prosess utføres i en svingemølle som utfellingsreaktor for å oppnå den beregnede intense rystebevegelse, slik at sinkstykkene stadig slår mot hverandre.. According to the invention, however, zinc is used in the form of pieces, e.g. as granules with a size of 2-10 mm that are added to the lye, instead of zinc powder, and the overall precipitation process is carried out in a swing mill as a precipitation reactor to achieve the calculated intense shaking movement, so that the pieces of zinc constantly hit each other..
Ved den intense rystebevegelse av sinkstykkene oppnås ifølge oppfinnelsen på en enkel og virkningsfull måte at sinkstykkenes overflate som overtrekkes med bunnfallet av det edlere metall, stadig bankes blanke og gnis blanke, slik at disse flater holder seg varig aktive for den fortløpende reaksjon som er basert på ianebytting. By the intense shaking movement of the zinc pieces, according to the invention, it is achieved in a simple and effective way that the surface of the zinc pieces, which is coated with the deposit of the nobler metal, is constantly knocked shiny and rubbed shiny, so that these surfaces remain permanently active for the continuous reaction which is based on ion exchange.
Den intense rystebevegelse av .utfellingsreaktoren som inneholder metallstykkene, forårsaker dessuten en intens turbulens i lutvæsken. Derved oppnås en kraftig gjennomblanding av den faste og den flytende fase i grenseskiktet. Ionekonsentrasjonen innen overflateområdet for utfellingsmidlet blir derved betraktelig større enn ved den vanlige utfellingsmetode. Dette fører til at material-overgangen påskyndes ytterligere. Dessuten blir den hydrogengass som frigjøres under reaksjonsforløpet, .emulgert i luten som fine blærer og kan derfor forbedre virkningen som reduksjonsmiddel betydelig. The intense shaking motion of the precipitation reactor containing the metal pieces also causes an intense turbulence in the lye liquid. Thereby, a thorough mixing of the solid and the liquid phase in the boundary layer is achieved. The ion concentration within the surface area of the precipitating agent is thereby considerably greater than with the usual precipitation method. This causes the material transition to be accelerated further. In addition, the hydrogen gas that is released during the course of the reaction is emulsified in the lye as fine bubbles and can therefore significantly improve the effect as a reducing agent.
Ved hjelp av den foreliggende oppfinnelse kan det f.eks. With the help of the present invention, it can e.g.
innen sinkvåtmetallurgien oppnås en forbedret økonomi ved at det . som utfellingsmiddel kan anvendes billige avfalls- og mellomprodukter av sink, f.eks. dross og slagg .etc. fra smelteprosessen, istedenfor det mer kostbare sinkpulver. Ved bl.a. smelting og støping av sinkkatoder erholdt ved elektrolyse, dannes dross som bare delvis består aV metallisk sink. Et slikt dross har hittil måttet opp-arbeides ved seigring av sinken, idet seigringsrestene er blitt tilført, til sinkluteriet og der oppløst. Alle disse kostbare opp- within zinc wet metallurgy, an improved economy is achieved by the fact that . cheap waste and intermediate products of zinc can be used as a precipitating agent, e.g. dross and slag .etc. from the smelting process, instead of the more expensive zinc powder. By i.a. melting and casting of zinc cathodes obtained by electrolysis, dross is formed which only partially consists of metallic zinc. Until now, such dross has had to be worked up by sintering the zinc, as the sintering residues have been added to the zinc smelter and dissolved there. All these costly up-
arbeidelsestrinn blir overflødige og kan utelates når utfellingen ifølge oppfinnelsen ikke utføres med dyrt sinkpulver, men med dross, avfall,'granulater eller andre- kornformige hhv. stykk-formige deler av metallisk sink i en syingebeholder. processing steps become redundant and can be omitted when the precipitation according to the invention is not carried out with expensive zinc powder, but with dross, waste, granules or other granular or piece-shaped parts of metallic zinc in a sewing container.
Ved den tvungne svinging av utfellingsreaktoren får nemlig dens innhold et så høyt energipotensial at sinkstykkene stadig slår og gnis mot hverandre med intens bevegelse. Derved holdes sinkstykkenes overflater frie for forurensninger eller immuniserende overtrekk, f.eks. oxyder, avsetning av metallsement eller ansamlinger av små gassblærer, hvorved sikres en påskyndet material-overgang ved ionebytting mellom metall og oppløsning. Because of the forced oscillation of the precipitation reactor, its contents acquire such a high energy potential that the zinc pieces constantly strike and rub against each other with intense movement. Thereby, the surfaces of the zinc pieces are kept free of contamination or immunizing coatings, e.g. oxides, deposition of metal cement or accumulations of small gas bubbles, whereby an accelerated material transition is ensured by ion exchange between metal and solution.
Dette fører til sist til en betydelig forkortelse av prosess-forløpet og dessuten til en bedre utnyttelse av de tilsatte metalliske materialer slik at forbruket av disse reduseres til ca. This ultimately leads to a significant shortening of the process and also to a better utilization of the added metallic materials so that their consumption is reduced to approx.
den støkiometriske mengde, mens dette forbruk derimot ved anvendelse av den vanlige utfellingstrommel kan utgjøre inntil 500% av den støkiometriske mengde.. the stoichiometric amount, while this consumption, on the other hand, when using the normal precipitation drum can amount to up to 500% of the stoichiometric amount..
De teknologiske muligheter og økonomiske fordeler som er underbygget av eksemplet fra sinkvåtmetallurgien, gjelder selv-følgelig også for ytterligere anvendelser av fremgangsmåteprinsippet for praktisk talt hvilke som helst sementeringsprosesser innen våt-metallurgiområdet. The technological possibilities and economic advantages which are substantiated by the example from zinc wet metallurgy, of course also apply to further applications of the process principle for practically any cementation processes within the wet metallurgy area.
Oppfinnelsen er nedenfor nærmere beskrevet i en del anvend-elseseksempler, hvorav to angår-en sementering ifølge teknikkens stand og to utfellingsprosessen ifølge oppfinnelsen. The invention is described below in more detail in a number of application examples, two of which concern cementation according to the state of the art and two the precipitation process according to the invention.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
Eksempel på en utfelling ifølge teknikkens stand. Example of a deposition according to the state of the art.
En lut inneholder oppløste metallforbindelser erholdt ved klorerende forflyktigelse fra en kompleks jernmalm i de følgende mengder: 25 g Cu pr. liter, 3 g Fe pr. liter, 80 g Zn pr. liter, 1 g Pb pr. liter, lg As pr. liter og resten Bi, Co, Cd og Ag ca. 200 mg pr. liter. A lye contains dissolved metal compounds obtained by chlorinating volatilization from a complex iron ore in the following amounts: 25 g Cu per litre, 3 g Fe per litre, 80 g Zn per litre, 1 g Pb per liter, lg As per liter and the rest Bi, Co, Cd and Ag approx. 200 mg per litres.
Ca. 30 m 3av luten med de oppløste metaller fylles i en ca. 100 m 3utfellingstrommel. Utfellingstrommelen er en pæreformig, skråstilt, syrefast foret beholder som kan dreies om sin akse. Foruten luten innføres ca. 50 t jernskrap gjennom beholderens øvre åpning. Chargen holdes i bevegelse i ca. 120 minutter ved en temperatur av 50°C ved at beholderen dreies. ■ About. 30 m 3 of the lye with the dissolved metals is filled in an approx. 100 m 3 precipitation drum. The precipitation drum is a pear-shaped, inclined, acid-resistant lined container that can be rotated on its axis. In addition to the lye, approx. 50 t of iron scrap through the container's upper opening. The charge is kept in motion for approx. 120 minutes at a temperature of 50°C by rotating the container. ■
Resultatet er en sluttlut med ca. 380 mg Cu pr., liter. Skrapforbruket ved denne diskontinuerlige prosess utgjør The result is a final slope of approx. 380 mg Cu per litre. The scrap consumption by this discontinuous process amounts to
ca. 215 % av den støkiometriske Fe-mengde. about. 215% of the stoichiometric Fe amount.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
Eksempel på en vanlig sementering. Example of a normal cementation.
Ved nøytral utluting.innen sinkmetallurgien fås en nøytral-lut som foruten de oppløste sinkoxyder inneholder forskjellige mengder av oppløste ioner av elektrokjemisk edlere metaller, som først og fremst Cu, Ni, Co og Cd. With neutral leaching in zinc metallurgy, a neutral liquor is obtained which, in addition to the dissolved zinc oxides, contains different amounts of dissolved ions of electrochemically nobler metals, such as primarily Cu, Ni, Co and Cd.
Disse fremmedmetaller som i forhold til det metalliske sink som skal utvinnes, betraktes som forurensninger, må utfelles fra luten da allerede et lavt innhold av disse fremmedmetaller ville utøve en ytterst uheldig innvirkning på den etterfølgende sink-elektrolyse. These foreign metals, which in relation to the metallic zinc to be extracted, are considered as pollutants, must be precipitated from the lye as even a low content of these foreign metals would have an extremely adverse effect on the subsequent zinc electrolysis.
Utfellingen av disse metalliske forurensninger utføres med The precipitation of these metallic contaminants is carried out with
■Zn-støv da de nevnte forurensninger er elektrokjemisk mer positive enn sementeringsmidlet. Sementeringen utføres gunstig i to trinn, slik at de sementf raks joner som dannes,' på tilsvarende måte kan ■Zn dust as the aforementioned contaminants are electrochemically more positive than the cementing agent. The cementation is advantageously carried out in two stages, so that the cement fractions that are formed,' in a similar way, can
.videre bearbeides. .further processed.
Sementeringen utføres diskontinuerlig i en beholder med om-røring, idet Zn-støvet tilsettes porsjonsvis. Den ifylte lut inneholder 150 g Zn pr. liter, 500 mg Cu pr. liter, 400 mg Cd pr. The cementation is carried out discontinuously in a container with stirring, the Zn dust being added in portions. The filled lye contains 150 g Zn per litre, 500 mg Cu per litre, 400 mg Cd per
liter, 20 mg Ni pr. liter og 20 mg Co pr. liter. litre, 20 mg Ni per liter and 20 mg Co per litres.
Luten utsettes i det første trinn for utfellingsprosessen The lye is exposed in the first step to the precipitation process
ved 95°C under tilsetning av Zn-støv, CuSO^ og arsentrioxyd, at 95°C while adding Zn dust, CuSO^ and arsenic trioxide,
hvorved Cu, Co, Ni og As sementeres ut, mens Cd forblir i opp-løsningen. whereby Cu, Co, Ni and As are cemented out, while Cd remains in the solution.
Varigheten av de. to sementeringstrinn utgjør ca. 260 minutter. Forbruket av zn-støv utgjør 530% av den støkiometrisk teoretiske Zn-mengde. Resultat: I den rensede nøytrallut forekommer følgende restinnhold av forurensninger: 0,1 mg Cu, pr. liter>0,2 mg Co pr. liter, 0,05 mg Ni pr. liter og 0,2 mg Cd pr. liter. The duration of the two cementing steps amount to approx. 260 minutes. The consumption of Zn dust amounts to 530% of the stoichiometric theoretical Zn amount. Result: In the purified neutral liquor, the following residual content of contaminants occurs: 0.1 mg Cu, per liter>0.2 mg Co per litre, 0.05 mg Ni per liter and 0.2 mg Cd per litres.
Eksempel 3 Example 3
Sementering ifølge oppfinnelsen. Cementation according to the invention.
Kobberoppløsningen som.består av en nøytrallut av et oxydisk kobbermalmkonsentrat, sementeres med jernskrap som utfellingsmiddel. Sementeringen utføres i et forsøksanlegg ved hjelp av en svinge-mølle med et omdreiningstall og en amplityde som regulerbart kan forandres. Som reaktor anvendes en oppvarmbar. satelitt som er fast forbundet med svingemøllen og som har et ifyllingsvolum på The copper solution, which consists of a neutral liquor of an oxidic copper ore concentrate, is cemented with iron scrap as a precipitating agent. The cementing is carried out in a pilot plant using a swing mill with a speed and an amplitude that can be regulated and changed. A heatable bar is used as a reactor. satellite which is permanently connected to the turning mill and which has a filling volume on it
8,5 dm3..Den ifylte mengde sementeringsmiddel utgjør 65% av reaktorvolumet, dvs. 5,5 dm 3, og lutmerigden utgjør 35% av reaktorvolumet, dvs. 3 dm 3 .. 8.5 dm3..The filled amount of cementing agent makes up 65% of the reactor volume, i.e. 5.5 dm3, and the lye mine makes up 35% of the reactor volume, i.e. 3 dm3..
Sementeringen av kobberet fra CuSO^-oppløsningen med jern-stanseavfall begynner ved et Cu-innhold på 36 g pr. liter. Svinge-kretsdiameteren (amplityden) er 10 mm og svingefrekvensen 12,5.Hz. The cementation of the copper from the CuSO^ solution with iron punching waste begins at a Cu content of 36 g per litres. The oscillation circuit diameter (amplitude) is 10 mm and the oscillation frequency 12.5 Hz.
Behandlingstemperaturen er 18°C og behandlingstiden 180 sekunder. The treatment temperature is 18°C and the treatment time 180 seconds.
Et Cu-restinnhold på 40 mg Cu pr. liter.analyseres. A residual Cu content of 40 mg Cu per litres. are analysed.
Ved et parallellforsøk under strengt like betingelser, men ved en behandlingstemperatur på 63°C, fås et restinnhold på 40 mg Cu pr. liter allerede efter 3.2 sekunder.- In a parallel experiment under strictly identical conditions, but at a treatment temperature of 63°C, a residual content of 40 mg Cu per liters already after 3.2 seconds.-
Forbruket av jernskrap gir i begge tilfeller verdier som tilsvarer 1,2 ganger den støkiometriske jernmengde. In both cases, the consumption of iron scrap gives values corresponding to 1.2 times the stoichiometric amount of iron.
Eksempel 4 Example 4
Sementering ifølge oppfinnelsen. Cementation according to the invention.
Sementering av kobber med sinkgranulat fra en nøytral sink-lut utføres i den amme forsøksreaktor som står i forbindelse med svingemøllen. Cementation of copper with zinc granules from a neutral zinc liquor is carried out in the small experimental reactor which is connected to the swing mill.
Innholdet av oppløst kobber er ved reaksjonens begynnelse The content of dissolved copper is at the beginning of the reaction
ca. 500 mg Cu pr. liter for et sinkinnhold av 150 g pr. liter. about. 500 mg Cu per liter for a zinc content of 150 g per litres.
Behandlingstemperaturen er 95°C og lutens pH 4. The treatment temperature is 95°C and the pH of the lye is 4.
Det som utfellingsmiddel anvendte sinkgranulat har en korn-stør.relse innen området 3/10 mm. The zinc granulate used as precipitant has a grain size in the range of 3/10 mm.
Bevegelsen utføres med en amplityde av 10 mm ved en frekvens på 12,5 Hz. The movement is performed with an amplitude of 10 mm at a frequency of 12.5 Hz.
Allerede efter en sementeringstid på 29 sekunder analyseres et kobbersluttinnhold på under 0,1 mg Cu pr. liter. Already after a cementation time of 29 seconds, a final copper content of less than 0.1 mg Cu per litres.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2540100A DE2540100C2 (en) | 1975-09-09 | 1975-09-09 | Use of a device for the continuous precipitation of cement copper from a copper solution mixed with pieces of iron |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO763073L true NO763073L (en) | 1977-03-10 |
Family
ID=5955969
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO763073A NO763073L (en) | 1975-09-09 | 1976-09-08 |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5233802A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE845761A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1080979A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2540100C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES451241A2 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI66911C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2323768A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1562705A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1069264B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7610036A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO763073L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA765396B (en) |
| ZM (1) | ZM11276A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007039788A (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-02-15 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | Process for recovery of metals and equipment therefor |
| JP6205290B2 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2017-09-27 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | Method for recovering gold or silver from cyanic waste liquid containing gold or silver |
| JP7453002B2 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2024-03-19 | 大口電子株式会社 | How to collect silver |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD64891A (en) * | ||||
| GB518981A (en) * | 1938-09-12 | 1940-03-13 | Wilfred William Groves | A method for treating materials of different phases and apparatus therefor |
| US3511488A (en) * | 1966-09-29 | 1970-05-12 | Robert Arthur Stubblefield | Ultrasonic copper precipitator |
| BE789907A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1973-02-01 | Compania De | CEMENTATION PROCESS |
| CH556391A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1974-11-29 | Pertusola Soc Mineraria | PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING A ZINCIFIER SOLUTION, INTENDED IN PARTICULAR FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PREPARATION OF ZINC. |
-
1975
- 1975-09-09 DE DE2540100A patent/DE2540100C2/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-08-24 GB GB35224/76A patent/GB1562705A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-27 ZM ZM112/76A patent/ZM11276A1/en unknown
- 1976-08-30 CA CA260,174A patent/CA1080979A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-01 BE BE170283A patent/BE845761A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-09-03 ES ES451241A patent/ES451241A2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-06 FI FI762544A patent/FI66911C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-09-07 FR FR7626846A patent/FR2323768A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-09-07 IT IT51156/76A patent/IT1069264B/en active
- 1976-09-08 NO NO763073A patent/NO763073L/no unknown
- 1976-09-09 JP JP51107334A patent/JPS5233802A/en active Pending
- 1976-09-09 NL NL7610036A patent/NL7610036A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-09-09 ZA ZA765396A patent/ZA765396B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7610036A (en) | 1977-03-11 |
| FR2323768A1 (en) | 1977-04-08 |
| BE845761A (en) | 1976-12-31 |
| FI762544A7 (en) | 1977-03-10 |
| CA1080979A (en) | 1980-07-08 |
| IT1069264B (en) | 1985-03-25 |
| FI66911C (en) | 1984-12-10 |
| JPS5233802A (en) | 1977-03-15 |
| ES451241A2 (en) | 1978-01-16 |
| GB1562705A (en) | 1980-03-12 |
| DE2540100C2 (en) | 1982-10-28 |
| ZA765396B (en) | 1977-08-31 |
| ZM11276A1 (en) | 1977-07-21 |
| DE2540100A1 (en) | 1977-03-17 |
| FI66911B (en) | 1984-08-31 |
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