NO771311L

NO771311L - TIME DELAYING MECHANISM AND EXPLOSION PROTECTION INCLUDING SUCH A MECHANISM.

Info

Publication number: NO771311L
Application number: NO771311A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Per Hargell; Jan Nilsson; Lars-Erik Sennerholm; Sven Blomgrn
Original assignee: Saab Scania Ab
Priority date: 1976-04-14
Filing date: 1977-04-14
Publication date: 1977-10-17
Also published as: DE2714085B2; SE7604359L; AT349361B; DE2714085A1; FR2348465A1; DK150577A; SE413204B; FI771095A7; DE2714085C3; ATA227477A

Abstract

Tidsforsinkende mekanisme og sprengkapsélsikring omfattende en slik mekanisme.Time-delaying mechanism and detonator protection comprising such a mechanism.

Description

Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrprer en tidsforsinkende mekanisme som er beregnet på å arbeide under rotasjon og som er av det i hovedkravets innledning angitte slag. Videre vedrorer oppfinnelsen i en variant en sprengkapsélsikring omfattende en slik mekanisme'. The present invention relates to a time-delayed mechanism which is intended to work during rotation and which is of the type indicated in the introduction of the main claim. Furthermore, the invention relates in one variant to an explosive capsule fuse comprising such a mechanism.

Mekanismen ifolge oppfinnelsen er særlig men ikke utelukkende beregnet for tennror for roterende prosjektiler og lignende og har generelt til oppgave under et gitt funksjonsforlop i en viss forutbestemmbar tid på kinetisk vis å forsinke en funksjon, som forutsetter at funksjonsforlopet er blitt initiert og en rotasjon er igangsatt og som - hvis ingen forsinkelse forelå - ville di-rekte utloses ved initieringen av funksjonsforlopet. The mechanism according to the invention is particularly, but not exclusively, intended for fuzes for rotating projectiles and the like and generally has the task during a given functional sequence for a certain predeterminable time to kinetically delay a function, which assumes that the functional sequence has been initiated and a rotation has been started and which - if there was no delay - would be triggered directly at the initiation of the function sequence.

I IN

I det funksjonsforlop som finner sted i et tennror anbragt i et roterende prosjektil har en slik mekanisme til oppgave at den armerende funksjon for roret ikke kan skje for en viss tid er forlopet fra det tidspunkt at: 1) prosjektilet i våpenets lop er bibragt sin rotasjons-bevegelse 2) en sikring, som for dette har blokert armeringsfunk-sjonen, er blitt opphevet. In the sequence of functions that takes place in a fuze located in a rotating projectile, such a mechanism has the task that the arming function for the rudder cannot take place for a certain time, the sequence is from the moment that: 1) the projectile in the barrel of the weapon is imparted its rotation -movement 2) a fuse, which has blocked the arming function for this, has been lifted.

Det sistnevnte, moment skjer vanligvis ved utnyttelse av to innbyrdes uavhengige ytre krefter som opptrer under passasjen gjennom lopet. The latter, moment, usually occurs through the utilization of two mutually independent external forces that occur during the passage through the loop.

Den tidsforsinkende funksjon innebærer i en slik tilpasning at mekanismens bevegelse påvirker en sprengkapsel eller lignende slik at denne blir utlosbar av en puls som senere mottas, f.eks. ved rorets anslag. Formålet med forsinkelsen av nevnte armer-ingsfunksjon er da så vidt mulig å hindre utilsiktet detonasjon forårsaket av tennrorsfeil eller treff mot maskering eller mot vegetasjon i det område, den såkalte maskerte sikringsstrekning, hvor kanonbetjening og ovrig egen tropp kan oppholde seg under ildgivingen. For å få garanti for at denne sikring virkelig foreligger ved skyting fordres det at den av mekanismen tilmålte tid med stor noyaktighet stemmer overens med den forutbestemte og at mekanismen har hoy pålitelighet, selv efter lang tids lag-ring. In such an adaptation, the time-delay function means that the movement of the mechanism affects an explosive cap or the like so that it can be triggered by a pulse that is later received, e.g. at the stroke of the rudder. The purpose of the delay of the aforementioned arming function is to prevent, as far as possible, accidental detonation caused by fuze failure or hits against masking or against vegetation in the area, the so-called masked security line, where the gun crew and other own troops can stay during the firing. In order to get a guarantee that this safety really exists when shooting, it is required that the time measured by the mechanism matches with great accuracy the predetermined time and that the mechanism has high reliability, even after a long period of storage.

Flere slag av mekanisk arbeidende forsinkelsesmekanismer er kjent for foran nevnte og lignende formål. Den vanligst forekommende er av typen"uro", dvs..et av en bevegelig masse eller f jaer drevet urverk inneholdende et anker som når det er blitt frigjort utforer en frem- og tilbakegående bevegelse som trinn-vis beveger urverket og har en gitt frekvens. Slike mekanismer krever hoy presisjon ved fremstillingen og fordyrer derfor tennroret unodig. Several types of mechanically working delay mechanisms are known for the aforementioned and similar purposes. The most common is of the "troubled" type, i.e. one of a moving mass or spring-driven clockwork containing an armature which, when released, performs a reciprocating movement that gradually moves the clockwork and has a given frequency . Such mechanisms require a high degree of precision in manufacturing and therefore make the igniter unnecessarily expensive.

Også forsinkelsesmekanismer med ren kinetisk virkning finnes hvor .forsinkelsen tilveiebringes av en kule eller lignende. Efter at prosjektilets akselerasjon ér opphort, fores kulen frem . under innvirkning av sentrifugalkraften for tennrorets sikrings-organ, hvis tyngdepunkt derved endres, slik at det under fortsatt innvirkning av sentrifugalkraften fores til en stilling hvor tennroret armeres. En slik sikringsanordning er beskrevet nærmere i patentene 195.957 og 198.694. Det har vist seg vanskelig ved slike sikringsanordninger å få forsinkelsesmekanismen til med onskelig stor noyaktighet å inneholde den forutbestemte tid, en svakhet som medforer en tilsvarende operativ begrensning for eget forband. Videre savnes i de kjente anordninger en mulighet til i en gitt konstruksjon å tilpasse forsinkelsestiden efter behov-et. There are also delay mechanisms with a purely kinetic effect where the delay is provided by a ball or the like. After the projectile's acceleration has stopped, the bullet is fed forward. under the influence of the centrifugal force for the fuze fuse, whose center of gravity thereby changes, so that under the continued influence of the centrifugal force it is brought to a position where the fuze is reinforced. Such a safety device is described in more detail in patents 195,957 and 198,694. It has proven difficult with such safety devices to get the delay mechanism to contain the predetermined time with desirable high accuracy, a weakness which entails a corresponding operational limitation for the own connection. Furthermore, the known devices lack an opportunity in a given construction to adapt the delay time as needed.

Den foreliggende oppfinnelse har til formål å fremskaffe en en-kel og pålitelig tidsforsinket mekanisme som arbeider på kinetisk vis og som til forskjell fra urverksmekanismer er billig og ikke , krever presisjonsmaskiner for fremstilling. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple and reliable time-delayed mechanism which works kinetically and which, unlike clockwork mechanisms, is cheap and does not require precision machines for production.

Et annet formål er for innbygging i et tennror å tilveiebringe en sikringsanordning omfattende en med sprengkapsel kombinert mekanisme som i et forutbestemt tidsintervall sikrer tennroret mot utilsiktet armering og som. er i. stand til å omstille sprengkapselen slik at tennroret efter dette tidsintervall er armert. Another purpose is for installation in a fuse to provide a safety device comprising a mechanism combined with a blasting cap which, in a predetermined time interval, secures the fuze against accidental arming and which. is able to readjust the blasting cap so that the fuze is armed after this time interval.

Dette oppnås ved at forsinkelsesmekanismen resp. sprengkapsel-sikringen ifolge oppfinnelsen er gitt de i kravene angitte karak-teristiske trekk. This is achieved by the delay mechanism resp. the blasting cap fuse according to the invention is given the characteristic features specified in the requirements.

Oppfinnelsen skal nu forklares nærmere i forbindelse med beskriv-else av en tennrorssikring som omfatter en mekanisme ifolge oppfinnelsen og som vises på tegningene. Fig. 1 er et oppriss av sikringen tatt efter delingsplanet I-l i fig. 2 og viser sikringen i sikret tilstand. Fig. 2 og 3 er snitt tatt efter linjene II-II resp. TII-III i fig. 1. Fig. 4 er et riss som svarer til det i fig. 1 men viser sikringen i armert tilstand, og The invention will now be explained in more detail in connection with the description of an ignition rod fuse which includes a mechanism according to the invention and which is shown in the drawings. Fig. 1 is an elevation of the fuse taken along the division plane I-1 in fig. 2 and shows the fuse in a secured state. Fig. 2 and 3 are sections taken along the lines II-II resp. TII-III in fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a diagram corresponding to that in fig. 1 but shows the fuse in an armed state, and

fig. 5 er et snitt efter linjen V-V i fig. 4.fig. 5 is a section along the line V-V in fig. 4.

På tegningen betegner 1 generelt en tennrorssikring som er beregnet på å bygges inn i et roterende prosjektil slik at sikringens senterlinje 2 faller sammen med prosjektilets rotasjonsakse. Sikringen har da til formål dels å hindre utilsiktet detonasjon av prosjektilet dels sorge.for at under det funksjonsforlop, som initieres i våpenets lop når prosjektilet avfyres og som avslut-tes når målet treffes, armeringen eller noen annen funksjon ikke skjer for en forutbestemt tid er forlopt fra initieringsoyeblik-ket. In the drawing, 1 generally denotes a fuze fuse which is intended to be built into a rotating projectile so that the center line 2 of the fuse coincides with the projectile's axis of rotation. The purpose of the fuse is partly to prevent accidental detonation of the projectile and partly to ensure that during the course of the function, which is initiated in the course of the weapon when the projectile is fired and which ends when the target is hit, the arming or some other function does not take place for a predetermined time. progressed from the moment of initiation.

Sikringen har for formålet en tidsforsinkende mekanisme, som forst skal beskrives i den sikrede utgangsstilling ifolge fig. 1-3. Mekanismen er anordnet inne i et legeme 3 som er sammen-, satt av to aksielt på hverandre liggende midtskiver 4 og 5 samt på begge sider av disse beliggende topp- og bunnskiver 6 og 7. som begrenser sikringen fremover resp. bakover, sett i prosjektilets skuddretning. Skivene som fortrinnsvis har sirkulær form, har festehull 8 for fiksering av sikringen i tennroret. Legemet har også et eksentrisk anordnet tennhull 9 og det forutsettes at rorets tennkjede er orientert slik at. deler av denne på begge ..sider av legemet vil falle sammen med tennhullet ved sikringens anbringelse i roret. For this purpose, the fuse has a time-delay mechanism, which will first be described in the secured starting position according to fig. 1-3. The mechanism is arranged inside a body 3 which is composed of two axially superimposed middle discs 4 and 5 as well as top and bottom discs 6 and 7 located on both sides of these, which limit the fuse forward or backwards, seen in the projectile's direction of fire. The disks, which preferably have a circular shape, have fixing holes 8 for fixing the fuse in the igniter tube. The body also has an eccentrically arranged ignition hole 9 and it is assumed that the rudder's ignition chain is oriented so that. parts of this on both ..sides of the body will coincide with the ignition hole when the fuse is placed in the rudder.

Gjennom midtskiven 5 går en kanal 10 som med begynnelse i den indre, nærmest senterlinjen 2 beliggende endedel 11 strekker seg stort sett spiralformet til en sirkulært utvidet del 12 samt fra denne til en ytre kanalende 13. Såvel den kanaldel - i det efterfolgende benevnt magasindelen 14 - som strekker seg fra enden 11 til den utvidede del 12, som den fra den sistnevnte mot enden 13 forlopende kanaldel - benevnt mottagerdelen 15 - begrenses av to ubrutt på lik avstand forlopende sidevegger (16 og 17 i fig. 5) hvilke kan forlope aksielt slik at hver kanaldels tverrsnitt blir firkantet. I overgangen til den utvidede del' danner magasindelen en utlopsåpning 18 mens det på motsatt side av den utvidede del dannes en innlopsåpning 19 til mottagerdelen. Den utvidede del som i skiven 4 har form av en rent sylindrisk uttagning begrenses i radial retning i skiven 5 av en sylindrisk vegg 20 som ligger på kanalens ene side og slutter seg nær til periferien av en i kanalen dreibar rotor 21. På den andre kanal-side er der en kanalflate 22 som forbinder iitlops- og innlopsåp-ningene og som i den forste del forloper efter en sirkelbue som er konsentrisk med rotorperiferien hvorefter kanalflaten kan ha lineær utstrekning frem til innlopsåpningen 19. Through the central disc 5 runs a channel 10 which, starting in the inner end part 11 located closest to the center line 2, extends largely spirally to a circularly extended part 12 and from this to an outer channel end 13. As well as that channel part - hereinafter referred to as the magazine part 14 - which extends from the end 11 to the extended part 12, as the channel part extending from the latter towards the end 13 - referred to as the receiving part 15 - is limited by two unbroken equidistant side walls (16 and 17 in Fig. 5) which can extend axially so that the cross-section of each channel part becomes square. In the transition to the extended part', the magazine part forms an outlet opening 18, while on the opposite side of the extended part an inlet opening 19 is formed for the receiver part. The extended part, which in the disk 4 has the form of a purely cylindrical recess, is limited in the radial direction in the disk 5 by a cylindrical wall 20 which lies on one side of the channel and joins close to the periphery of a rotor 21 which can be rotated in the channel. On the other channel -side there is a channel surface 22 which connects the inlet and outlet openings and which in the first part follows a circular arc that is concentric with the rotor periphery after which the channel surface can have a linear extension up to the inlet opening 19.

Magasindelen 14 inneholder i utgangsstillingen et bestemt antall rullelementer 23 av metall hvilke befinner seg tett efter hverandre i en rekke som strekker seg fra den indre ende 11 til utlopsåpningen 18. Elementene har for å bli lett bevegelige en diameter noe mindre enn avstanden mellom kanalens sidevegger og kan, som utforelseseksempelet viser, ha sylindrisk form'hvorved rullelementenes endeflater styres mellom de plane sider 24, 25 for skivene 4 resp. 7 som her begrenser kanalen i aksial retning. I'de tilfeller sikringen skal omfatte en sprengkapsel innsettes denne som fig. 1 viser som siste rullelement 23 og får altså en stilling som er skilt fra det i tennkjeden inngående hull 9. Rullelementene kan i ovrige tilfeller utgjores av kuler. The magazine part 14 contains in the initial position a certain number of roller elements 23 made of metal which are located close to each other in a row that extends from the inner end 11 to the outlet opening 18. In order to be easily movable, the elements have a diameter somewhat smaller than the distance between the side walls of the channel and can, as the design example shows, have a cylindrical shape, whereby the end surfaces of the roller elements are guided between the flat sides 24, 25 of the discs 4 and 7 which here limits the channel in the axial direction. In those cases where the fuse is to include a blasting cap, this is inserted as fig. 1 shows as the last roller element 23 and is thus given a position which is separated from the hole 9 included in the timing chain. The roller elements can in other cases be made of balls.

Også mottagerdelen 15 har et tverrsnitt tilpasset rullelementene 23 dg har videre samme lengde som magasindelen, dvs. rommet i The receiver part 15 also has a cross-section adapted to the roller elements 23 dg and has the same length as the magazine part, i.e. the space in

lengderetning mellom innlopsåpningen 19 og den ytre ende 13 skal være tilpasset slik at samtlige i magasindelen innesluttede rullelementer får plass deri uten nevneverdig innbyrdes klaring. the longitudinal direction between the inlet opening 19 and the outer end 13 must be adapted so that all roller elements enclosed in the magazine part can fit therein without appreciable mutual clearance.

Rotoren eller lukkeorganet 21 er generelt en massiv metallsylin-der som er lagret i skivene 6 og 7 på akseltapper 26 som definerer en med senterlinjen 2 parallell dreiningsakse 27 beliggende i sentrum for veggen 20. Ved hjelp av en aksielt utadragende knast eller pinne 28 og et i toppskiven 6 sirkelsegmentformet spor 29, i hvilket knasten eller pinnen er innpasset, begrenses rotorens dreibarhet til en viss vinkel i fig. 1 betegnet a, slik at rotoren ved dennes dreining stoppes i den på figuren viste endestilling - i det efterfolgende benevnt avgivningsstillingen - ved anslag mellom pinnen 28 og sporets 29 ene ende, mens ved dreining med urviseren pinnen slår an mot sporets motsatte ende samtidig som rotoren står i sin andre endestilling, som benevnes mottagerstillingen og er den som vises i fig. 4. The rotor or closing member 21 is generally a massive metal cylinder which is stored in the disks 6 and 7 on axle pins 26 which define a pivot axis 27 parallel to the center line 2 located in the center of the wall 20. By means of an axially protruding cam or pin 28 and a in the top disc 6 circular segment-shaped groove 29, in which the cam or pin is fitted, the rotatability of the rotor is limited to a certain angle in fig. 1 denoted a, so that the rotor is stopped during its rotation in the end position shown in the figure - hereinafter referred to as the output position - when it abuts between the pin 28 and one end of the track 29, while when turning clockwise the pin strikes the opposite end of the track at the same time as the rotor stands in its second end position, which is called the receiving position and is the one shown in fig. 4.

På den ene side av. aksen 27 har rotoren en uttagning 30 som i periferiell retning begrenses av to mot hverandre vendte parallelle sidevegger 31 hvis innbyrdes avstand skal være noe storre enn diameteren av rullelementene 23, mens uttagningens dybde som bestemmes av bunnflaten 32 bor være omtrent lik rullelementenes radius, idet bunnflaten skal ligge slik i forhold til kanalflaten 22 at et rullelement får god plass mellom disse to flater og kan rulle av langs kanalflaten mens rotoren dreier seg. On one side of. axis 27, the rotor has a recess 30 which is limited in the circumferential direction by two parallel side walls 31 facing each other, the mutual distance of which must be somewhat greater than the diameter of the roller elements 23, while the depth of the recess, which is determined by the bottom surface 32, should be approximately equal to the radius of the roller elements, since the bottom surface should be located in such a way in relation to the channel surface 22 that a rolling element gets plenty of space between these two surfaces and can roll off along the channel surface while the rotor turns.

Uttagningen skal ha en slik relativ stilling i periferiell retning, til pinnen 28 og sporet 29 at når rotoren inntar nevnte avgivingsstilling blir uttagningen, som det fremgår av fig. 1, rettet stort sett radielt og vendt mot mottagerdelens innlopsåpning 19, mens i rotorens mott.agerstilling uttagningen vender mot magasindelen 14 med sideveggene 31 rettet stort sett tangen-tielt i forhold til sporveggene 16, 17 ved åpningen 18. Derved får rotoren mulighet til å ta imot et rullelement fra magasindelen og avgi dette til mottagerdelen. The outlet must have such a relative position in the circumferential direction, to the pin 28 and the groove 29, that when the rotor takes up the aforementioned delivery position, the outlet, as can be seen from fig. 1, directed largely radially and facing the receiver part's inlet opening 19, while in the rotor's receiving position the outlet faces the magazine part 14 with the side walls 31 directed largely tangentially in relation to the track walls 16, 17 at the opening 18. Thereby the rotor has the opportunity to receive a rolling element from the magazine section and deliver this to the receiving section.

På grunn av uttagningen får rotoren en eksentrisk tyngdepunkts stilling, i fig. 1 betegnet C.G., hvilken befinner seg innenfor rotoraksen 27 og noe med urviseren av et radialplan fra senterlinjen 2 til rotoraksen. Dette medforer at rotoren - forutsatt at uttagningen 30 er tom - ved sikringens, rotasjon vil påvirkes av et. dreiemoment som soker å dreie den med urviseren, dvs. fra avgivingsstillingen ifolge fig. 1. til mottagingsstillingen ifolge fig. 4. Hvis på den andre side uttagningen 30 inneholder et rullelement 23 befinner det for rotor og rullelement felles tyngdepunkt C.G.1 seg, i fig. 1 vist prikket, på utsiden av rotoraksen, mellom denne og uttagningens bunnflate 32 og sammenlignet med stillingen C.G. ved tom uttagning har tyngdepunktet nu van-dret over til den motsatte side av radialplanet gjennom senterlinjen og rotoraksen. Det moment som da virker på rotoren soker derfor å dreie denne og dermed rullelementet mot urviseren, dvs. fra mottagerstillingen i fig. 4 til avgivingsstillingen i fig. 1. Denne omkasting av lukkeorganets 21 dreiningsretning i forhold til legemet 3 er ikke avhengig av om legemet roterer med eller mot urviseren. Because of the recess, the rotor gets an eccentric center of gravity position, in fig. 1 denoted C.G., which is located within the rotor axis 27 and somewhat clockwise of a radial plane from the center line 2 to the rotor axis. This means that the rotor - provided that the socket 30 is empty - during the fuse's rotation will be affected by a torque which seeks to turn it clockwise, i.e. from the release position according to fig. 1. to the receiving position according to fig. 4. If, on the other side, the recess 30 contains a rolling element 23, the common center of gravity C.G.1 for the rotor and rolling element is located, in fig. 1 shown dotted, on the outside of the rotor axis, between this and the socket's bottom surface 32 and compared to the position C.G. with empty extraction, the center of gravity has now migrated over to the opposite side of the radial plane through the center line and the rotor axis. The moment that then acts on the rotor therefore seeks to turn it and thus the rolling element anti-clockwise, i.e. from the receiver position in fig. 4 to the delivery position in fig. 1. This reversal of the direction of rotation of the closing member 21 in relation to the body 3 does not depend on whether the body rotates clockwise or counter-clockwise.

Når mekanismen skal inngå i et tennror og har til oppgave å kon-trollere prosjektilets armering eller annen tidsforsinket funksjon fordres en sperreanordning som hindrer utilsiktet dreiningsbevegelse av lukkeor.ganet 22 inntil prosjektilet befinner seg i bevegelse i våpenets lop. Dette tilveiebringes ved å sperre lukkeorganet i en slik stilling at samtlige rullelementer holdes innestengt i magasindelen 14. I den på tegningene viste fore-trukne utforelsesform av sperreanordningen inngår to stempler 33 som er anbragt i skiven 4 i utboringer 34 som strekker seg mot rotoren i diametralt motstående stillinger og som i planet er orientert stort sett vinkelrett på en linje som binder sammen aksene 2 og 27. Hvert stempel fastholdes i utboringen ved hjelp av en i denne, inndrevet hylse 35 og mellom denne og stempelet er der en trykkf jaer 36 som soker å holde stempelets indre ende i sperrende inngrep med rotorens periferi, som for formålet har et radialt hull 37. Disse hull kan ha en slik stilling i rotoren at denne sperres i avgivingsstillingen ifolge fig. 1, og noen-utmating av rullelement fra magasindelen kan således ikke skje for stemplene er fort ut av inngrep med rotoren. When the mechanism is to be included in a fuze and has the task of controlling the projectile's arming or other time-delayed function, a locking device is required which prevents unintentional turning movement of the closing device 22 until the projectile is in motion in the barrel of the weapon. This is achieved by locking the closing device in such a position that all roller elements are kept closed in the magazine part 14. In the preferred embodiment of the locking device shown in the drawings, two pistons 33 are included which are placed in the disc 4 in bores 34 which extend towards the rotor in diametrically opposite positions and which are oriented in the plane largely perpendicular to a line that connects the axes 2 and 27. Each piston is held in the bore by means of a sleeve 35 driven into it and between this and the piston there is a pressure spring 36 that seeks to keep the inner end of the piston in locking engagement with the periphery of the rotor, which for this purpose has a radial hole 37. These holes can have such a position in the rotor that it is locked in the delivery position according to fig. 1, and some ejection of the roller element from the magazine part cannot thus take place because the pistons are quickly out of engagement with the rotor.

Rotoren er i nevnte stilling også sperret av en aksialsikring omfattende to. aksielt bevegelige stempler 38 og 39 som er innsatt i innbyrdes parallelle hull 40 resp. 41 som går aksielt gjennom skivene 4 og 5. Mellom hullene er der i skiven 4 en utfresing 42 som i sikret stilling inneholder en kule 43 som samvirker med en midje 44 for stempelet 38 slik at dette fastholdes i sin forreste stilling som vist i fig. 3. Også det andre stempel .39 befinner seg i hvilestillingen i anlegg mot den forreste skive 6, hvilket besorges av en mellom stempelet og den bakre skive 7 virkende fjær 45. Endelig inngår i aksial-sikringen en sperrekule 46 som er innsatt i en fra rotoren 21 på siden av.hullet 40 (se fig. 1) passerende forsenkning 47 i skiven 5. Forsenkningen strekker seg radielt i forhold til rotoren og rett overfor denne er der en konisk sideuttagning 48 i rotorperiferien.Anordningen er slik at sperrekulen 46 kan flytte seg i forsenkningen forbi stempelet 38 forutsatt at midjen 44 befinner seg på hoyde med sperrekulen. In the aforementioned position, the rotor is also blocked by an axial fuse comprising two. axially movable pistons 38 and 39 which are inserted in mutually parallel holes 40 or 41 which passes axially through the disks 4 and 5. Between the holes there is in the disk 4 a recess 42 which, in its secured position, contains a ball 43 which interacts with a waist 44 for the piston 38 so that it is held in its forward position as shown in fig. 3. Also the second piston .39 is in the rest position in contact with the front disc 6, which is provided by a spring 45 acting between the piston and the rear disc 7. Finally, the axial safety includes a locking ball 46 which is inserted in a from the rotor 21 on the side of the hole 40 (see fig. 1) passing recess 47 in the disc 5. The recess extends radially in relation to the rotor and directly opposite this there is a conical side recess 48 in the rotor periphery. The device is such that the locking ball 46 can move itself in the recess past the piston 38 provided that the waist 44 is level with the locking ball.

Virkemåten skal nu beskrives for den viste sprengkapsélsikring som antas å være innsatt i et prosjektil som skal utskytes og derved forutsettes innta den sikrede utgangsstilling ifolge fig. 1-3. Når prosjektilet avfyres slynges på grunn av akselera-sjonen aksialsikringens stempel 39 bakover mot virkningen av fjæren 45 hvorved kulen 43 blir fri, og eftersom også stempelet 38 på grunn av sin treghet soker å bevege seg bakover fores kulen 43 ut av inngrep med midjen 44, dvs. kulen blir flyttet mot hoyre i fig. 3 til rommet foran stempelet 39. Samtidig vil det andre stempel 38 gå nedover mot bunnskiven 7.Sperrekulen 46 får nu mulighet til å passere forbi stempelmidjen 44, og da prosjektilet er i rotasjon tvinges sperrekulen av sentrifugalkraften ut av inngrepsstillingen i rotorens sideuttagning 48 til en stilling på den andre siden av stempelet 38 i forsenkningen 47, som vist i fig. 4. I denne stilling blokeres sperrekulen av sistnevnte stempel som senere liksom stempelet 39 på grunn av baneretarda-sjonen går tilbake fremover hvorved kulen 43 blir liggende mellom stempelets 38 tapp 49 og mantelflaten på stempelet 39. The mode of operation will now be described for the explosive capsule fuse shown, which is assumed to be inserted in a projectile to be launched and is thereby assumed to occupy the secured starting position according to fig. 1-3. When the projectile is fired, due to the acceleration, the axial fuse's piston 39 is thrown backwards against the action of the spring 45, whereby the ball 43 becomes free, and since the piston 38 also seeks to move backwards due to its inertia, the ball 43 is forced out of engagement with the waist 44, i.e. the ball is moved to the right in fig. 3 to the space in front of the piston 39. At the same time, the second piston 38 will move downwards towards the bottom disc 7. The locking ball 46 now has the opportunity to pass past the piston waist 44, and when the projectile is in rotation, the locking ball is forced by the centrifugal force out of the engagement position in the rotor's side socket 48 to a position on the other side of the piston 38 in the recess 47, as shown in fig. 4. In this position, the locking ball is blocked by the latter piston, which later, like the piston 39, due to the trajectory retardation, goes back forward, whereby the ball 43 is lying between the pin 49 of the piston 38 and the mantle surface of the piston 39.

Når prosjektilet settes i rotasjon påvirkes også de to stempler 33 av "sentrifugalkraften slik at de forskyves ut av sine hull When the projectile is set in rotation, the two pistons 33 are also affected by the "centrifugal force so that they are displaced out of their holes

37 i rotoren samtidig som fjærene 36 trykkes sammen.37 in the rotor at the same time as the springs 36 are pressed together.

Rotoren eller lukkeorganet 21 som nu således av utskytingspå-kjenningene er blitt frigjort i forhold til sikringslegemet 3 bringes nu av sentrifugalkraften til umiddelbart å starte en syklisk bevegelse. Rotoren dreier segda forst med urviseren fra den stilling, i hvilken den var sperret, mot den av pinnen 28 og sporet 29 begrensede mottagningsstilling (vist i fig. 4). Det nærmest rotoren beliggende rullelement 23 ruller da inn i uttagningen 30 mens de ovrige elementer i rekken folger efter under avrulling mot sporveggen 16. The rotor or closing member 21, which has now thus been freed from the launch stresses in relation to the securing body 3, is now brought by the centrifugal force to immediately start a cyclic movement. The rotor then first turns clockwise from the position in which it was blocked, towards the receiving position limited by the pin 28 and the slot 29 (shown in fig. 4). The roller element 23 located closest to the rotor then rolls into the recess 30, while the other elements in the row follow while unrolling against the track wall 16.

Da det felles tyngdepunkt for rotoren og det forste rullelement C.G.-^nu befinner seg på uttakssiden av rotoraksen 27, dvs. til venstre for linjen V-V i fig. 4, påvirkes de to deler av et moment som dreier rotoren mot urviseren samtidig som rullelementet avruller langs den skrått utad hellende kanalflate 22 som altså gir et tilskudd til sentrifugalkraften. Når rotoren er kommet til den andre endestilling ifolge fig. 1 kan rullelementet avgå til mottagerdelen 15 og ruller deretter videre mot kanalens ytre ende 13. As the common center of gravity for the rotor and the first rolling element C.G.-^nu is located on the outlet side of the rotor axis 27, i.e. to the left of the line V-V in fig. 4, the two parts are affected by a moment which turns the rotor anti-clockwise at the same time as the rolling element rolls along the obliquely outwardly sloping channel surface 22 which thus provides an addition to the centrifugal force. When the rotor has reached the second end position according to fig. 1, the rolling element can depart to the receiving part 15 and then rolls on towards the outer end 13 of the channel.

Tyngdepunktet skifter samtidig over til stillingen C.G. og da denne befinner seg til hoyre for linjen gjennom de to akser 2 og 27,.fås nu et dreiemoment som er motsatt rettet det ved mat-ingsbevegelsen gjeldende. Rotoren dreier seg altså på ny til mottagningsstillingen, det andre ved utlopsåpningen beliggende rullelement ruller da inn i uttagningen 30 og en ny matnings-bevegelse finner sted. Når sprengkapselen 23' som det siste rullelement kommer frem til åpningen 18 sorger lukkeorganet, f or-dens transport noyaktig på samme måte som ved matingen av dé foregående rullelementer, som nu fyller ut mottagerdelen i stillingen ifolge fig. 4. Når sprengkapselen .23' slipper rotoren og denne igjen vender blir derfor sprengkapselen innestengt på den ene side mellom rotorperiferien og på den andre side av de foranværende rullelementer, og da rotoren nu stadig av sentrifugalkraften fastholdes.i stillingen ifolge fig. 4, inntar nu mekanismen sin sluttilstand. Sprengkapselen befinner seg i rorets tennkjede og prosjektilet er armert. At the same time, the center of gravity shifts to the position C.G. and as this is located to the right of the line through the two axes 2 and 27, a torque is now obtained which is in the opposite direction to that applied during the feeding movement. The rotor thus turns again to the receiving position, the other roller element located at the outlet opening then rolls into the outlet 30 and a new feeding movement takes place. When the blasting capsule 23' as the last rolling element reaches the opening 18, the closing device closes the transport in exactly the same way as when feeding the previous rolling elements, which now fill the receiver part in the position according to fig. 4. When the detonating capsule .23' releases the rotor and it turns again, the detonating capsule is therefore trapped on one side between the rotor periphery and on the other side by the preceding roller elements, and as the rotor is now constantly held by the centrifugal force in the position according to fig. 4, the mechanism now assumes its final state. The explosive capsule is located in the rudder's ignition chain and the projectile is armed.

For mekanismens omstilling medgår en tid som kan forutbestemmes og er tilnærmet proporsjonal med antall rullelementer i magasin delen og lukkeorganets svingningstid som er konstant matesyklus For the adjustment of the mechanism, a time is included that can be predetermined and is approximately proportional to the number of rolling elements in the magazine section and the oscillation time of the closing device, which is a constant feed cycle

for matesyklus. Lukkeorganet kan betraktes som en dempet pendel og svingningstiden er derfor primært avhengig av hvor langt fra rotoraksen man plasserer tyngdepunktet C.G. resp.C.G.-^. Det er tydelig at man innenfor vide grenser kan variere mekanismens forsinkelsestid. for feeding cycle. The closing device can be regarded as a damped pendulum and the oscillation time is therefore primarily dependent on how far from the rotor axis one places the center of gravity C.G. respectively C.G.-^. It is clear that the delay time of the mechanism can be varied within wide limits.

Oppfinnelsen er ikke begrenset til den her viste og beskrevne utforelsesform men kan varieres på flere måter innenfor rammen av den angitte oppfinnelsestanke. Således kan det være fordel-aktig, særlig hvis antall rullelementer skal være stort, å anordne magasindelen i et annet plan enn kanalen forovrig, hvorved magasindelen ved hjelp av et mot planet hellende utlopsparti The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown and described here but can be varied in several ways within the framework of the stated inventive idea. Thus, it can be advantageous, especially if the number of rolling elements is to be large, to arrange the magazine part in a different plane than the rest of the channel, whereby the magazine part by means of an outlet part inclined towards the plane

går over i utvidelsen av kanalen som inneholder lukkeorganet. Ved nevnte.helling fås en viss avlasting av det trykk som utoves mot lukkeorganet av de i magasindelen værende rullelementer og hvilket kan bli betydelig ved forekommende hoye rotasjonshastig-heter . passes into the expansion of the channel containing the closing member. With said tilt, a certain relief is obtained from the pressure exerted against the closing member by the rolling elements in the magazine section, which can become significant at high rotational speeds.

I stedet for å anordne lukkeorganet dreibart kan det utformes til en sleid som kan bevege seg frem og tilbake i en translatorisk matebevegelse som er avhengig av sentrifugalkraften og tyngde-punktets forskyvning i samsvar med den foran beskrevne virke-måte. Også de organer, som sperrer mekanismen inntil den tids-bestemte omstilling initieres, kan anordnes på alternative måter. F.eks. kan uttagningen i lukkeorganet for mating av rullelementene anvendes også for lukkeorganets låsing i sperrestillingen. Instead of arranging the closure member rotatably, it can be designed as a slide which can move back and forth in a translational feeding movement which is dependent on the centrifugal force and the displacement of the center of gravity in accordance with the previously described mode of operation. Also the organs, which block the mechanism until the time-determined adjustment is initiated, can be arranged in alternative ways. E.g. the recess in the closing member for feeding the roller elements can also be used for locking the closing member in the locking position.

Claims

1. Time delay mechanism that is intended to work

during rotation and comprising a body which must be positioned so that it is cut by the center line of the rotation and in which there is a channel provided with rolling elements which has such an extent in relation to the center line that said rolling elements are brought by the centrifugal force to be adjusted during rolling along the channel from an initial position to an end position in which the mechanism allows a function which it is supposed to block for this, and means to prevent this adjustment until the mechanism has been subjected to an external initiating action, in that the changeover to the final position must take place within a predetermined time, characterized in that the channel (1.0) has a magazine part (14), several roller elements (23) which in the initial position are enclosed in the magazine part, arranged in a row along this, a receiver part (15) and a closing member (21) located between the magazine and receiver parts, movable in relation to the body, which is arranged to feed the rolling elements one by one from the magazine part to the receiver part by cyclic movement comprising a "forward" feeding movement, during which the closing member (21) as well as a roller element (23) inserted in this from the magazine part (14) due to the position of the center of gravity (C.G.^) which occurs at the introduction of the roller element, moves to a delivery position in which the roller element can depart to the receiving part. (15), and a second, backward movement, during which the closing member (21) alone due to the new center of gravity position. (C.G.) moves in a direction, which is opposite to the direction of the first movement, to a receiving position in which a new roller element (23) can be inserted from the magazine part (14), which cyclic movement has a given frequency and is repeated until all roller elements have been transferred from the magazine part to the receiver part, whereby the mechanism takes the final position.

2. Mechanism as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the closing member (21) is inserted in a cavity (12) with which the magazine part (14) and the receiver part (15) are connected by means of an outlet or inlet opening (19, 20) and which, seen in a radial plane, forms an extension of the channel (10) on one side of it in which the closing member can move, while on the other side of the channel there is a channel surface (22) which connects said openings , and that both the magazine part (14) and the receiver part (15) are limited by side walls (16, 17) which under a continuously growing radius extend to the outlet opening (19) or away from the intake opening (20).

3. Mechanism as stated in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the closing member (21) is designed as a rotor which is stored in the body (3) about an axis (27) running parallel to the center line (2) and which has a side of the rotor axis located outlet (30) which in the receiving and dispensing position faces the channel and whose measurement in the circumferential direction is at least as large as the diameter of each rolling element (23) so that this can roll into the resp. out of the selection in the two positions mentioned.

4. Mechanism as specified in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that on the body (3) and the closing member (21) there are mutually interacting stop members (28, 29) for limiting the turning movement of the closing member between the receiving and dispensing positions.

5. Mechanism as stated in claim 4, characterized in that the weight distribution of the rotor (21) is such that the rotor's center of gravity (C.G.), when the outlet 30 is empty, is on it in relation to the recess on the opposite side of the rotor axis (27), while the common center of gravity (C.G. for the rotor (21) and a rolling element inserted in the recess (.23) is shifted to the recess side, and that the receiving and dispensing positions are chosen as follows in relation to a plane through the center line (2) and the rotor axis (27) that the common center of gravity (C.G.^) falls on one side. of this plane while the center of gravity (C.G.) of the rotor itself falls on the other side of the plane so that the rotor (21) in the receiving position, when a rolling element (23) is inserted in the recess (30), and during the feeding movement is affected by a torque which is oppositely directed to what is obtained in the dispensing position, when the outlet (30) has become empty, and during the backward movement.

6. Mechanism as stated in claim 2, characterized in that said channel surface (22) is located radially outside the closing member (21) and runs largely concentrically with it, so that the rolling element (23) inserted in the closing member can roll off during the feeding movement along the canal surface.

7. Mechanism as specified in any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the closing member (21) in the mechanism's initial position is locked in a position in which the rolling elements (23) are enclosed in the magazine part (14) and from which it is prevented from turning by means of locking devices (33, 38, 39, 43, 46) placed in the body (3) which can be released under the influence of rotational and acceleration forces occurring when the projectile is fired..

8. Mechanism as specified in claim 7, characterized in that the locking means consist partly of a piston member (33) which in the locking position engages radially into the closing member (21) and has such a direction that, against the effect of the spring force, they are fed back and released the closing member due to the rotation of the projectile, partly by an axially movable member (38) which is arranged to block the closing member (21) in the rest position via an intermediate part (46) penetrating on the side of the closing member, but which due to the axial acceleration upon firing is brought to to be adjusted axially to a position in which the intermediate part is free to move away from the closing member.

9. Explosive cap fuse for fuses for rotating projectiles, characterized in that it has a time-delaying mechanism as specified in any of claims 1-8, which as the last rolling element in the aforementioned series has an explosive cap (23') which when transferred to the receiver part (15 ) takes a stop position in the channel where it is closed by on the one hand the other roller elements (23) and on the other side the closing member (21), after this has turned to the receiving position (fig. 4), and which stop position coincides with axial hole (9) passing through the body located along the detonating cap fuse's ignition chain.