OA10357A - A latrine device for field use - Google Patents

Abstract

A latrine device for field use comprising a plate (1) with a drainage hole (7) which is placed over a latrine hole (2) or trench dug in the ground. The plate has foot supporting areas (30) on each side of the drainage hole (7).

Description

010357

A LATPINE DEVICE FCE FIELD USE

The présent invsrhicn relates to a latrine device ferfield use, in particular fer tenpcrary aid purposes.

In connection with the acccraodation of victims cfcatastrophes cf nature and war acts in camps, which cftenhold a very big number cf pecple and which cay be veryprimitively established in respect cf sanitary conditions,bad sanitary conditions witheut access to water constituesa considérable health risk and often entail épidémies alsoon account cf bad nutrition and inadéquate access tomedicine and medical attention.

Particularly such bad sanitary conditions présentespecially in case of bigger réception camps the risk of aconsidérable number of victims.

Various embodiments cf latrines are known frem USPatents Nos. 1,575,131, 1,574,339, 3,410,C92, and3,203,007, which describe primitive portable latrines inconnection with foldable ten.ts suited fer camping, militaryexercises and the like. These latrines are, however, spacedemanding even when stewed and are, therefore, less suitedfor use in connection with war acts, catastrophes ofnature, etc., where a big number in a relatively short rimeis to be transported to often remote places. Due to theoften impassable country this transport is normally carriedout by air plane, and low weight in combination with cocdstackability is in this connection an important preperty,which distinguishes the latrine device according to theinvention fret the prier art.

The object of the présent invention is to présent asolution which under the circumstances constituâtes animprovement fer use in places, where it is not possible toestablisn water flushing toilets or to deliver and erectmore effective Chemical elesets.

The latrine device according to the invention is witha view to this characteristic in ccmprising, for use as a 01035? 2 cover plate cver a latrir.e hole cr trench lue in theçroun.d, a substa.ttialiy rectangular, comparâtively thrn,but rigid, moulded plate of plastics previded with adrainage hcle and root supperting areas en each side of the S drainage hole.

With a plate of the type described an irprcvedcovering of a latrine hole cr a latrine trench is attained,whereby the risk et infection is ccnsiderably reduced.

To ensure a minimum of space recuiretent during10 transport a preferred embodiment of the latrine deviseacccrding to the invention is characteristic in that theplate is previded with a pendent, circumferential skirtwith oblique walls and a supporting rib structureunderneath. Thus, the plate ccnstitutes a rigid, but light 15 construction which is well suited for use under primitiveconditions.

For hygienic reasons the latrine device may ccr.prisea lid for covering the drainage hole. 5y placing this lidafter use over the drainage hole made in the plate, a 20 closing of the latrine hole in the grcund is created incombination with the plate, and the risk of infection isfurther reduced.

Another embodiment of the latrine device accordi.ng tothe invention is characteristic in that at the corners the 25 plate is previded with connecting members fer a suppertingf rare for a shielding enclosure of tarpaulin fer theprovision of a cabin closed at least at the side walls.

The connecting members may acccrding to the inventioncomprise flanged sockets with tapering diameter exter.ding 30 frem the surface of the plate, the skirt and sais flangedsockets beir.g ccnstructed with a view to an organiséestacking of a number of plates. Kereby it becomes possibleto stack a considérable number of plates, which may bemoulded plastic plates, en tep of each other. 35 In connection with this second embodiment the supperting frame may be previded with vertical corner tubes fer connection with caïd flanged sockets and upper and

010357 lower horizontal fastening tûtes fer the shieldingenclcsure, said vertical and horizontal tabes teingmutually connected by reans ci splicing sleeves. Such tubesmay te rade from plastics and with standard dimensions,which cakes then beth cheap in manufacture and lew inweight. Addit icnally, the détachable supporting frame ferthe shielding enclosure cakes it possible to transport thesecond embodiment of the invention comparâtiveiy easy inconsidérable numbers even to places, which car, only tereached ty air plane.

The shielding enclcsure may according to theinvention advantaçecusly te m.ade from reinforced plasticfoil with em.tedded evelets for connection with fasteningmembers for fastening the enclosure to the supporting frame.

Apart from functioning as a visual shielding fromother persons, such tarpaulins, which are a relativelycheap standard article used i.a. to a great extern for thecovering of scaffolds, give a fair protection against theweather.

The invention will te described in detail in thefollowing with referer.ee to the drawing, in which

Fig. 1 is a plane view of a simple embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a sections! view along the line 1I-II ofFig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plane view of a lid for the covering cfa drainage noie in the er.tcdiment shown in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along the line ΙΙΣ-ΙΙΙ inFig. 3,

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a second embodimentof a latrine cevice according to the invention,

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the secondembodiment,

Figs. 7 and 3 are examples of fastening members forconnection cf a shielding enclosure with the supporting frame for the device according to e second

010357 embodiment, and

Fia. 5 shows an example cf an arrangèrent with aconsidérable number cf erected latrine devices acccrding tetbe second embodiment under primitive camping conditions. 5 Figs, l and 2 show a simple em.bodiment of tbe latrine cevice acccrding to tbe invention ccmprising a plate idésignée to function as a ccver plate fer the covering cfa latrine hole 2 dug in tbe grcund cr a trench dug fer thesame purpose, which cakes it possible to erect a number cf 10 latrines side by side. Tbe plate 1 is provided with asubstantially centrally mounted drainage hole ~ and withfoot supporting areas 30 en each side cf the drainage hole7 for the persen using the latrine.

The plate l may be a plate moulded from a suitable 15 plastic material and with a ccmparatively small thicknessin order to attain a low weight. To get sufficient rigidityand to simultaneously make it possible to stack aconsidérable number of plates on tep of each other with aview to transport, the plate 1 is in tbe embodiment shown 20 moulded with an intégral, pendent skirt 3 with oblique sidewalls. The plate shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is moreoverdesigned with a supporting rib structure 31 on the underside of the plate 1 . Tbe surface of the plate 1 issubstantially plane, but slcpes fer clearing ressens fret. 25 the foot supporting areas 30 towards the drainage noie 7.

For the covering of the drainage hole 6 after use tbe plate1 mày comprise a détachable iid 33 having substantially thesame shape as the drainage hole 7 in the plate 1. The lidshown in Figs. 3 and 4 for use in connection with the first 30 embodiment of the invention has on the top side a tubularhandle 34 having a length, which cakes it easy to use. Thehandle 34 is mounted by céans cf résilient pins 35extending frem the top sice of the lid, said pins beingprovided with a hook 3 6 which at the meunting engages a 35 hole (not shown) in the handle 34. Thus the handle 34 can be demounted for transport. hcr ec ver. tbe date 1 cav acccrcinc to a second 010357 5 embcdir.ent cf the invention shcwn in Figs. 5 and 6 inconsidération cf the user ica provided with a rib ccntouring5 with a treading cr fcot plate 6 placed around saiddrainage hole 7. A further supporting cf the plate 1 acccrding to thesecond embodir.ent can de attained by neans of separatecrossbeacs 3, fer instance cf wcod, which in connectionwith the érection is placed uncer the plate 1 betweenopposite walls of the pendent skirt 3.

According to the second embodiment cf the inventionshown in Figs. 5 and 6 the plate 1 is connected with asupporting frane for a shielding enclcsure for theformation of a latrine cabi.n, and the plate 1 is in thissecond embodiment previded with flanged sockets 9 extendingfrom the four corners of the generally rectangular plate 1.For the above-mentioned stacking reasens it is préférablethat the dianeter of the flanged sockets 9 is tapering, i.e. the end part having smaller diameter than the partintégral with the plate 1, whereby the flanged sockets onstacked plates may corne to rest in each other. With a viewto fastening to the ground the plate 1 may in connectionwith the pendent skirt 3 be provided with a horizontalcircumferentia1 edge flange 4.

Moreover, the plate 1 is provided with a passage 24for a vent tube 25, which from the dug out latrine hole 2is passed up through the cabin with an cutlet openingsit'uated above the upper edge of the shielding enclcsure.The vent tube 25 may advantageously be made from heat-absorbing matériel, for instance black or dark plastic,whereby a chir.ney effect improving the venting from thelatrine hole 2 is attained and consecuently a réduction ofobnoxious smells in the cabin itself.

The supporting frarne may be a tube frarne rade in amanner known per se from plastic tubes in standarddimensions and ccmprising vertical cerner tubes 10 fittingon the flanged sockets 9 and lewer and upper horizontalfastening tunes il, 12 connected with the vertical corner 010357 cubes 10 by reans of cube splicir.g sleeves 13 k.-.ovn per o-e.

The shieldirg er.clcsura is preferabiy race fror. atarpaulin 14 cf reinfcrced plastic foi! , fer instancepolyethylene foii, cf the standard r.ake r.crrally ussd fer 5 instance fer the coverina of scaffolcs, and which durir.gthe manufacture is provided with erbedded eyelets 15 rnferr of fiat plastic rings which can be used for thefastening cf the tarpaulin 14 to the lever and upperhorizontal fastening tubes 11, 12 in the supperting frar.e. 10 Such a shieldir.g enclosure ray as shewn in. Fig. 7 be fastened to the horizontal fastening tubes 11, 12 m the supporting frar.e by r.eans of a fastening ren.ber corprisinga plug-like rerber 16 which is placed in an eyelet 15 andwhich has a head 17 abuttin.g the cuter site of the 15 tarpaulin 14. In the end part 13 extending through theeyelet and on the opposite side of the tarpaulin a hcle 15is provided, through which a résilient lcop 20 is taken,said loop being of the sans design which is knewn per sefron DK Patent Application No. 933/92. The loop 20 ray be 20 provided with a locking rerber 21 at o.ne end, said icokingrerber having a hole 22 fer receivin.g the opposite, freeend of the loop, whereby the locking rerber 21 and the lcop20 ray be designed with ccrrespcndin.g engagement r.erbers,for instance in forr of a résilient catch and a tcothing 25 for securing the tarpaulin 14 to the fastening tube il, 12.

As for the cabin which in the second erbcdire.tt shown is ' rade without ceiling, it ray when fastening thetarpaulin 14 to the upper fastening tubes 12 be préférableto bend the upper edge cf the tarpaulin around the tube 12. 30 With a view to this the tarpaulin 14 ray be provided withtwo rows of eyelets 22 ccrparativelv close to each cther,which by a bending of this kir.d will be brougnt te aposition substantially opposite cne another. A suitableconnecting rerber ray in this case as shown in Fig. 8 be a 35 substantially H-shaped anchor 23, the transverse leg ofwhich is inclined relative to the legs, which at ther.cuntino are broucht to abut acair.sc cne side cf each

010357 the eyelets 22 substantially facing each other.

The simple construction of the latrine cevice acccrding to the rreierreà er.bcdiment and the complétédetachahility of the latrine device acccrding to the second 5 er.bodir.ent rnakes it possible to easily transport aconsidérable nur.ber of latrines with or without suppcrtingfrar.e as stacked plates and der.cunted supporting frarteseven with a limites transport capacity to rencte andisolated areas. 10 The érection cf the latrine may be perfcrr.ed easily and cuickly also by unskilled perscns, and the latrines maylikewise easily te mcved, when the capacity of the latrinein question is fully exhausted.

Acccrding to requirement a considérable nur.ber cf 15 cabir.s 26 ray as shown in Fig. 9 be erected side by sideand in several rcws, fer each of which a comr.cn latrinetrench has been dug.

Claims (10)

1. 010357 O C L A I M S

   1. A latrine dévies fer field use, in particular fertemperary aid purposes, characterized inccmprisir.g, fer use as a cover plane over a latrine hole crtrench dug in the grou.nd, a substantially rectançular,comparatively thin, but rigid, mculded plate cf plasticsprovided with a drainage hole and foot supportir.g areas eneach side of the drainage hole.
2. 2. A latrine device acccrding to clain 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the plate is providedwith a pendent, circumferential skirt with oblique wallsand a supporting rib structure underneath.
3. 3. A latrine device according to clain 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the surface cf theplate slopes fren the foot supporting areas tewarcs thedrainage hole.
4. 4. A latrine device acccrding to clain 1, 2 or 3, characterized in ccnprising a lid fer coveringthe drainage hole.
5. 5. A latrine device acccrding to daims 1-4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that at the corners the plateis provided with connecting mem.bers for a supporting framefor a shielding enclosure cf tarpaulin for the provision ofa cabin elesed at least at the side walls.

   5. A latrine,device according to daims 2 and 5,ch'aracterized in that said connecting m.en.berscomprise flanged scckets with tapering diameter extendingfrom the surface of the plate, the skirt and said flangedsockets being constructed with a view to an organizedstacking of a number cf plates.
6. 7. A latrine device according to daim 5 or 6, characterized in that the plate is provided with a passage for a vent tube, which from the dug out latrine hole or trench is passed up through the cabin with an outlet opening situated at a heicht above the shielding enclosure. 9 010357

   3. A latrine cevice according to clain 6,characterized in thaï the supporting frane isprovided with vertical cerner ttbes fer connecticn withsaid flanged sccksts and upper and lover horizontalfastening tubes fer the shielding enclcsure, said verticaland horizontal tubes being mutually ccnnected by means ofsplicing sleeves.
7. 9. A latrine device according to any of the precedingdaims, characterized in that the shieldingenclosure is made from reinforced plastic foil withembedded eyelets fer connecticn with fastening members ferfastening the enclosure to the supporting frame.
8. 10. A latrine device according to daims 8 and 9,characterized in that said fastening memberscomprise plug-like members mounted in said eyelets and witha head abutting the outer sides of the enclosure and at theinner side a pretruding side portion in connection with arésilient loop fer surrounding the fastening tubes.
9. 11. A latrine device according to daims 8 and 9,characterized in that the enclosure is passedaround the upper fastening tubes and provided with two rowsof eyelets, which, when passed around the tubes, arebreught into a position substantially opposite one anctherfor mutual connection by means of a connecting menber.
10. 12. A latrine device according to claim 10, characterized in that said connecting memberis a substantially H-shaped anchcr, the transverse leg ofwhich is inclined relative to the legs which at the mcur.t-ing are brought to abut against one side of each of theeyelets facing each other.