OA17021A - Mechanical produce harvester. - Google Patents

Abstract

A mechanical harvester for harvesting a produce with a stem/core planted in a field is provided. The mechanical harvester includes a chassis, and a cutting device and a transport assembly connected to the chassis. The cutting device is configured to cut the stem/core of the produce. The transport assembly is configured to transport the produce cut by the cutting device. The transport assembly includes a movable first belt and a movable second belt. The movable first belt includes a first set of produce grippers and the movable second belt includes a second set of produce grippers. When the produce cut by the cutting device is held between the first set and second set of produce grippers, a portion of the first set of produce grippers opposes a portion of the second set of produce grippers. The opposing produce grippers are configured to compress and exert a force on the produce to hold the produce between the movable first and second belts.

Description

The présent application relates to an apparatus and method for mechanically harvesting 5 agricultural products and, more particulariy, to a mechanical harvester for harvesting produce having a stem/core, which is planted in a field, such as iceberg lettuce, romaine lettuce, celery, and cabbage.

Description of the Related Art

Typically, harvesting of produce having a stem or core, such as romaine lettuce, Iceberg 10 lettuce, celery, and cabbage, in the field is predominately done by hand. The harvesting procedure involves several steps. These steps include a person cutting the stem/core of the produce while the produce is planted In the ground, and placing the eut produce on a moving platform for subséquent processing and packing. Further, in some instances, the core of the produce Is removed or extracted from the leaves by hand. This step is often 15 performed by packers that sell prepared lettuce or prepackaged salad mixes.

Previously, harvesting Systems hâve utilized conveyor belts for movement of produce from the field. However, these conveyor belts utilize gripping mechanisms, such as teeth or pins, attached to the convoyer belts. These gripping mechanisms may pierce and damage the produce as it is transported by the conveyor belt. Produce, particulariy headed lettuces 20 such as iceberg and romaine lettuces, are susceptible to damage by teeth or pins as gripping mechanisms for transport.

SUMMARY

In one exemplary embodiment, a mechanical harvester for harvesting produce with a stem or core planted in a field is provided. The mechanical harvester Includes a châssis, and a 25 cutting device and a transport assembly connected to the châssis. The cutting device is configured to eut the stem or core of the produce, The transport assembly is configured to transport the produce eut by the cutting device. The transport assembly includes a movable first belt and a movable second belt. The movable first belt includes a first set of produce grippera and the movable second belt includes a second set of produce grippera. When the 30 produce eut by the cutting device is held between the first set and second set of produce grippera, a portion of the first set of produce grippera opposes a portion of the second set of produce grippera. The opposing produce grippera are configured to compress and exert a force on the produce to hold the produce between the movable first and second belts.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 illustrâtes an exemplary embodiment of a mechanical harvester;

FIG. 2 Illustrâtes an exemplary cutting device of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 3 illustrâtes another exemplary cutting device of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 4 Illustrâtes an exemplary plow along with an exemplary cutting device of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 5 illustrâtes a perspective view of movable belts of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 6A illustrâtes an exemplary schematic of the movable belts of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 6B illustrâtes another exemplary schematic of the movable belts of the mechanical harvester,

FIG. 6C illustrâtes another exemplary schematic of the movable belts of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 7 illustrâtes an exemplary view of produce before it is eut by the cutting device of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 8 illustrâtes an exemplary view of produce being held by the movable belts of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 9A illustrâtes an example of holding produce between produce grippers of the mechanical harvester;

FIG. 9B illustrâtes another example of holding produce between produce grippers of the mechanical harvester;

FIGs. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D illustrate an exemplary method of transporting produce with the mechanical harvester; and

FIG. 11 illustrâtes an exemplary view of the backend of the mechanical harvester coupled to 25 an elevator belt.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

To provide a more thorough understanding of the présent invention, the following description sets forth numerous spécifie details, such as spécifie configurations, parameters, examples, t

and the like. It should be recognized, however, that such description is not intended as a limitation on the scope of the présent invention, but is Intended to provide a better description of the exemplary embodiments.

With référencé to FIG. 1, an exemplary mechanical harvester 100 is depicted. As described 5 below, mechanical harvester 100 is configured to harvest produce having a stem, core, or root, such as romaine lettuce, Iceberg lettuce, celery, cabbage, or the like. To harvest produce in the field, mechanical harvester 100 moves through the field of produce, while cutting the stems/cores of the produce or cutting the produce from its stem/core to release the produce, lifting the released produce from the ground, and transporting the released 10 produce. The produce may be transported to a storage bin or container for future processing, or to a processing platform connected to mechanical harvester 100 for more immédiate processing. Processing may include inspection, sorting, trimming, decoring, washing, and packaging, for example.

As depicted In FIG. 1, mechanical harvester 100 includes a châssis 102. A cutting device is 15 coupled to châssis 102 to eut the stem/core of the produce.

FIG. 2 deplcts the cutting device as a fiat blade 204. In the embodiment shown In FIG. 2, fiat blade 204 is configured to be fixed to mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1). As mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1) moves through the field, fiat blade 204 moves with mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1) cutting produce in the field. The position of fiat blade 204 may be 20 adjusted during harvesting to optimize the angle and helght of fiat blade 204 to eut a particular type of produce. Fiat blade 204 may be adjusted to change the angle of fiat blade 204 in relation to the ground and the angle of fiat blade 204 in relation to the direction of motion of harvester 100 (FIG. 1).

In addition to fiat blade 204, the cutting device may be, but is not limited to, a decoring blade, a knife, a band saw, an ultrasonic knife, a vibrating knife, or a water jet-cutting device. For example, FIG. 3 depicts the cutting device as a decoring blade 302. Decoring blade 302 is configured to both eut the produce from its stem/core and décore the eut produce. Decoring during harvesting in the field can reduce handling of the produce. A réduction of handling increases efficlency and reduces the risk of damage to the produce.

Although a single cutting device has been depicted, it should be recognized that multiple cutting devices may be used to harvest produce from multiple rows of produce at a time. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, fiat blade 204 cuts produce from a single row of produce at a time. As such, multiple fiat blades 204 may be included in mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1 ) to eut produce from multiple rows of produce at one time. In other words, mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1) can harvest from at least an equal number of rows of produce as the number of fiat blades 204 that are Included ln mechanlcal harvester 100.

As deplcted in FIG. 4, mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1 ) may also include a piow 402 positioned in front of a cutting device. In a position forward to the cutting device, plow 402 5 wili reach the produce before the cutting device when mechanicai harvester 100 (FIG. 1 ) is moving. Plow 402 keeps végétation and other débris from collecting on the cutting device. In addition, mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1 ) may include more than one plow, such as plow 404, in a position forward to a wheei of mechanicai harvester 100 (FIG. 1). Piow 404 keeps végétation and other débris from collecting on the wheei of the mechanical harvester 10 100 (FIG. 1).

As deplcted in FIG. 1, a transport assembly 104 is coupled to châssis 102. As deplcted in FIG. 2, transport assembly 104 includes movable belts 206 and 206 configured to hoid, lift, and transport the produce after the produce is eut from Its stem/core. As will be described in detail below, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are coupled to movable belts 206 and 208, respectively. Produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are used to hold, lift from the ground, and transport the produce. For example, with référencé to FIG. 7, a head of iceberg iettuce 702 is depicted as having been eut from its stem/core. As deplcted in FIG. 8, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 hoid, lift from the ground, and transport iceberg Iettuce head 702.

With référencé agaln to FiG. 2, movable belts 206 and 208 are attached to wheels 214 that, when rotated, wili move the movable belts 206 and 208. Movable beits 206 and 208 can be conveyor belts.

As deplcted in FiGs. 6A and 6B, movable belts 206 and 208 are In a substantialiy parallel configuration. As depicted in FIG. 5, movable beits 206 and 208 can aiso be inclined relative to the ground from the front end to the rear end of transport assembly 104. In this way, movable beits 206 and 208 are configured to lift the eut produce and transport the eut produce to a platform for further processing or a storage bin. As also deplcted In FiG. 5, transport assembly 104 may include multiple sets of movable belts for harvesting from multiple rows of produce.

As depicted in FIG. 6C, a spacing 612 is defined between movable belts 206 and 208. Spacing 612 is adjusted for the produce that wili be harvested with mechanicai harvester 100 (FIG. 1 ). In the substantialiy parallel configuration, as can be seen in the top view deplcted In FIG. 6C, spacing 6121s substantialiy consistent aiong the length of movable belts 206 and 206 so that the produce may be carried between movable belts 206 and 206 utilizing produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212.

Sets of produce grippera 210 and 212 are formed of a pliable matériel, such as a pliable plastic. The pliable material may be deformed such that the produce, when between movable belt 206 and movable belt 208, will compress produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212.

Also, as depicted In FIG. 6C and FIG. 10C, produce grippera 210 and 212 are aligned such that they directly oppose each other, particulariy when the eut produce is disposed between them. Note, the Intermeshing of produce grippera 210 and 212 seen in FIG. 2 is the resuit of the produce grippera 210 and 212 being pliable and the short spacing of movable belts 206 and 208 in FiG. 2. However, if the spacing of movable belts 206 and 208 is sufficient for produce grippera 210 and 212 to not contact each other, then grippera 210 and 212 directly oppose each other, as depicted in FIG. 6C.

As depicted in FiG. 8 and mentioned above, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are compressed by lettuce head 702, because they are formed of pliable material. The rigidity of the material of the produce grippera détermines the force exerted on 15 the produce. The force exerted on the produce by each of the produce grippera is preferably at least approximateiy the same as the weight of the produce. The force exerted on the produce by each of the produce grippera is preferably at most approximateiy 200% of the weight of the produce so that the produce is not damaged.

In one example, as depicted in FIG. 9A, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 20 212 may contact lettuce head 702 below the midiine 910 of lettuce head 702 to lift and hold the lettuce head 702. The force exerted by the produce gripper 210 may be approximateiy the weight of the produce. Similariy, the force exerted by opposing produce gripper 212 may be approximateiy the weight of the produce. Assume, for the purpose of this example, lettuce head 702 weighs one pound. As such, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce 25 gripper 212 each exert approximateiy one pound of force on lettuce head 702 to hold lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212.

In another example, as depicted In FIG. 9B, produce gripper 904 and opposing produce gripper 906 may contact lettuce head 902 at about the midiine 912 of lettuce head 902 to lift and hold the lettuce head 902. In this example, the force exerted by both produce gripper 30 904 and opposing produce gripper 906 may be 200% of the weight of the produce so that lettuce head 902 is held between produce gripper 904 and opposing produce gripper 906.

The direction of the force exerted on lettuce head 902 is primariiy a latéral direction, requiring a greater force exerted by produce gripper 904 and opposing produce gripper 906 to hold lettuce head 902 off the ground than when the force exerted by the produce grippera 35 has a greater vertical component, as depicted in FIG. 9A.

As depicted In FIG. 7, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are cog-like protrusions. The profile of the cog-like protrusions allows mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1) to be self-feeding. Also, as mentioned above, movable belts 206 and 208 may be configured to be inclined to facilitate lifting of the eut produce from the ground. In other 5 words, the produce does not need to be pushed or placed into the conveyer-type movable belts. The cog-like profiles of produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 contact the eut produce on the ground and, as movable belts 206 and 208 move, the eut produce is pulled between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212. The eut produce deforms produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212. Once deformed, 10 produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 exert a sufficient amount of force to hold the produce between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 as described above. The self-feeding process increases the speed of harvesting and minimizes the number of personnel needed to operate the mechanical harvester. Furthermore, the shape of produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 reduces 15 the damage to the produce.

Produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are configured to not puncture the produce. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the dimensions of produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are large enough, relative to the produce being harvested, to not damage the produce by puncturing or piercing. In one example, the heights of produce 20 gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are at least approximately 50% of the height of a eut produce. For example, an average iceberg lettuce head is six inches in height. Produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 for gripping iceberg lettuce may be three inches in height. However, it should be appreciated that, in other examples, the height of produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 may be less than 50% of the 25 height of the eut produce.

After a eut produce is lifted onto movable belts 206 and 208 and held by produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212, movable belts 206 and 208 are moved to transport the produce the length of the movable belt. In other words, the produce is held between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 to transport the produce from one 30 end of movable belts 206 and 208 to the other end where the produce is deposited.

The transporting process is illustrated in FIGs. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D. As depicted in FIGs. 10A and 10B, the direction of travel of mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1) brings produce grippera 210 and 212 to the lettuce head 702. As depicted in FIGs. 10B and 10C, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 contact the lettuce head 702 to lift 35 lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212. As depicted in FIG. 10C, produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 are configured to be compressed by lettuce head 702, such that a sufficient force is exerted on lettuce head 702 to hold lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212. As depicted in FIG. 10D, while mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1) continues to travel through the field, movable belts 206 and 208 move so that lettuce head 702 between produce gripper 210 and opposing produce gripper 212 is transported toward the rear of mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1).

As depicted in FIG. 11, at the rear of mechanical harvester 100 (FIG. 1 ), movable belts 206 and 208 may deposit the produce onto a moving platform or an elevator beit 1102 to be transported to a processing platform for further processing. Processing steps may include, 10 but are not limited to, decoring, sorting, trimming, washing, and packaging. The moving belts 206 and 208 may also deposit the produce into a storage bin (not shown).

Although the présent invention has been described with respect to certain exemplary embodiments, examples, and applications, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the Invention.

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Claims (12)

We claim:

1. A mechanical harvester for harvesting a produce planted in a field, the produce having a stem/core, the mechanlcal harvester comprising:

a châssis;

a cutting device, connected to the châssis, configured to eut the stem/core of the produce; and a transport assembly, connected to the châssis, configured to transport the produce eut by the cutting device, wherein the transport assembly comprises:

a movable first beit, wherein the movable first belt includes a first set of produce grippers; and a movable second belt, wherein the movable second belt includes a second set of produce grippers, wherein a portion of the first set of produce grippers opposes a portion of the second set of produce grippers, when the produce eut by the cutting device is held between the first set and second set of produce grippers, and wherein each of the opposing produce grippers is configured to compress and exert a force on the produce to hold the produce between the movable first and second belts.

2. The mechanical harvester of claim 1, wherein each of the opposing produce grippers is configured to exert a force of between approximately 100 percent and 200 percent of the weîght of the produce to hold the produce.

3. The mechanical harvester of claim 1, wherein each of the opposing produce grippers exert a force that is approximately the same as the weîght of the produce to hold the eut produce.

4. The mechanical harvester of claim 1, wherein the movable first and second belts are positîoned at an incline from a front end to a rear end of the transport assembly, wherein the front end is proximate to the cutting device.

5. The mechanical harvester of claim 1, wherein the first and second sets of produce grippers are formed of a pliable material.

6. The mechanical harvester of claim 1, wherein the produce grippers of the first set are déformable protrusions coupled to the movable first belt, and the produce grippers of the second set are déformable protrusions coupled to the movable second belt.

7. The mechanical harvester of clatm 1, wherein the movable first belt and the movable second belt are conveyor belts.

8. The mechanical harvester of claim 1, wherein each produce gripper of the first set of produce grippers has a heightof at leastapproximately 50% ofthe height ofthe eut produce.

9. The mechanical harvester of claim 1, wherein the transport assembly further comprises:

a movable third belt and a movable fourth belt, connected to the châssis, configured to hold and transport another produce between the third and forth movable belt, wherein the movable third belt and movable fourth belt are disposed adjacent to the movable first belt and movable second belts.

10. A mechanical method of harvesting a produce planted in a field using a mechanical harvester, the produce having a stem/core, the method comprising:

cutting the stem/core of the produce with a cutting device connected to a châssis of the mechanical harvester;

moving a transport assembly, connected to the châssis, to the eut produce, wherein the transport assembly comprises:

a movable first belt; and a movable second belt, wherein the movable first belt inciudes a first set of produce grippers, and wherein the movable second belt inciudes a second set of produce grippers;

holding the eut produce between the first set and second set of produce grippers, wherein a portion of the first set of produce grippers opposes a portion of the second set of produce grippers, when the eut produce is held between the first set and second set of produce grippers, and wherein each of the opposing produce grippers is configured to compress and exert a force on the produce to hold the produce between the movable first and second belt.

11. The mechanical method of claim 10, further comprising:

transporting, by the transport assembly, the eut produce held between the first set and second set of produce grippers to a processing platform connected to the rear of the mechanical harvester.

12. The mechanical method of claim 10, further comprising: --- lifting the eut produce from the ground using the opposing produce· and second sets of produce grippers. / ^nÙp^Sof the first γ/ (ÿ/P.8211Yaoïndê)i 9 WJ'