PH26441A - Method for forming a gas-permeable and ion-permeable membrane - Google Patents

Method for forming a gas-permeable and ion-permeable membrane Download PDF

Info

Publication number: PH26441A
Authority: PH; Philippines
Prior art keywords: composite; substrate; ion; gas; membrane
Prior art date: 1988-10-27

Application number

PH39421A

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Andrew Kindler

Lin R Highley

Original Assignee

Hughes Aircraft Co

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1988-10-27

Filing date

1989-10-26

Publication date

1992-07-15

1989-10-26 Application filed by Hughes Aircraft Co filed Critical Hughes Aircraft Co

1992-07-15 Publication of PH26441A publication Critical patent/PH26441A/en

Links

239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
-1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
241000575946 Ione Species 0.000 claims description 2
LTXREWYXXSTFRX-QGZVFWFLSA-N Linagliptin Chemical compound N=1C=2N(C)C(=O)N(CC=3N=C4C=CC=CC4=C(C)N=3)C(=O)C=2N(CC#CC)C=1N1CCC[C@@H](N)C1 LTXREWYXXSTFRX-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims 2
SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims 1
238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims 1
XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical group FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 33
UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 8
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 5
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
241000760358 Enodes Species 0.000 description 2
101100345589 Mus musculus Mical1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000003341 Bronsted base Substances 0.000 description 1
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
241001397104 Dima Species 0.000 description 1
101100130497 Drosophila melanogaster Mical gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 1
WFAULHLDTDDABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Proxazole citrate Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC)C1=NOC(CCN(CC)CC)=N1 WFAULHLDTDDABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
241000490025 Schefflera digitata Species 0.000 description 1
241001302210 Sida <water flea> Species 0.000 description 1
239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
244000166490 Tetrameles nudiflora Species 0.000 description 1
241000011102 Thera Species 0.000 description 1
230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000015250 liver sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2287—After-treatment
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/182—Regeneration by thermal means
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Sustainable Development (AREA)
Sustainable Energy (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Cell Separators (AREA)
Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

PH39421A 1988-10-27 1989-10-26 Method for forming a gas-permeable and ion-permeable membrane PH26441A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US07/263,452 US4865930A (en)	1988-10-27	1988-10-27	Method for forming a gas-permeable and ion-permeable membrane

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
PH26441A true PH26441A (en)	1992-07-15

Family

ID=23001835

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
PH39421A PH26441A (en)	1988-10-27	1989-10-26	Method for forming a gas-permeable and ion-permeable membrane

Country Status (16)

Country	Link
US (1)	US4865930A (ja)
EP (1)	EP0394392B1 (ja)
JP (1)	JPH03501868A (ja)
KR (1)	KR920010421B1 (ja)
AU (1)	AU610438B2 (ja)
BR (1)	BR8907131A (ja)
EG (1)	EG18815A (ja)
ES (1)	ES2019172A6 (ja)
GR (1)	GR1000481B (ja)
IL (1)	IL91586A (ja)
MX (1)	MX164235B (ja)
MY (1)	MY104205A (ja)
PH (1)	PH26441A (ja)
TR (1)	TR24723A (ja)
WO (1)	WO1990004858A1 (ja)
ZA (1)	ZA896972B (ja)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5362493A (en) *	1990-05-04	1994-11-08	Associated Universities, Inc.	Preparation of redox polymer cathodes for thin film rechargeable batteries
FR2668077B1 (fr) *	1990-10-22	1992-12-04	Commissariat Energie Atomique	Membrane d'osmose inverse ou de nanofiltration et son procede de fabrication.
US5266421A (en) *	1992-05-12	1993-11-30	Hughes Aircraft Company	Enhanced membrane-electrode interface
FR2708382A1 (fr) *	1993-07-28	1995-02-03	Sorapec	Séparateur pour accumulateur Ni-Zn étanche.
US5834523A (en) *	1993-09-21	1998-11-10	Ballard Power Systems, Inc.	Substituted α,β,β-trifluorostyrene-based composite membranes
US5547551A (en)	1995-03-15	1996-08-20	W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.	Ultra-thin integral composite membrane
USRE37307E1 (en)	1994-11-14	2001-08-07	W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.	Ultra-thin integral composite membrane
US6054230A (en) *	1994-12-07	2000-04-25	Japan Gore-Tex, Inc.	Ion exchange and electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell
US5869201A (en) *	1995-12-22	1999-02-09	George Marchetti	Hydrophilic, graphite fuel cell electrode for use with an ionomer membrane
US5716664A (en) *	1995-12-22	1998-02-10	Marchetti; George A.	Method of making a hydrophilic, graphite electrode membrane assembly
JP3262708B2 (ja) *	1996-03-26	2002-03-04	日本電信電話株式会社	複合高分子電解質膜
US6514561B1 (en)	1996-11-06	2003-02-04	Dsm N.V.	Electrolytic membrane, method of manufacturing it and use
WO1999010165A1 (en) *	1997-08-29	1999-03-04	Foster-Miller, Inc.	Composite solid polymer electrolyte membranes
US6248469B1 (en) *	1997-08-29	2001-06-19	Foster-Miller, Inc.	Composite solid polymer electrolyte membranes
US6635384B2 (en) *	1998-03-06	2003-10-21	Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc.	Solid electrolyte composite for electrochemical reaction apparatus
US6030718A (en) *	1997-11-20	2000-02-29	Avista Corporation	Proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system
EP1116292A4 (en) *	1998-08-28	2005-11-23	Foster Miller Inc	COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR ELECTROLYTE BASED ON SOLID POLYMER
US7550216B2 (en) *	1999-03-03	2009-06-23	Foster-Miller, Inc.	Composite solid polymer electrolyte membranes
US6284401B1 (en)	1999-04-19	2001-09-04	George A. Marchetti	Thin graphite bipolar plate with associated gaskets and carbon cloth flow-field for use in an ionomer membrane fuel cell
US7247408B2 (en)	1999-11-23	2007-07-24	Sion Power Corporation	Lithium anodes for electrochemical cells
US7771870B2 (en)	2006-03-22	2010-08-10	Sion Power Corporation	Electrode protection in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrochemical cells, including rechargeable lithium batteries
US6689501B2 (en)	2001-05-25	2004-02-10	Ballard Power Systems Inc.	Composite ion exchange membrane for use in a fuel cell
US6613203B1 (en)	2001-09-10	2003-09-02	Gore Enterprise Holdings	Ion conducting membrane having high hardness and dimensional stability
US7108934B2 (en) *	2002-01-18	2006-09-19	California Instituite Of Technology	Proton conducting membranes for high temperature fuel cells with solid state “water free” membranes
US20040043224A1 (en) *	2002-08-30	2004-03-04	Shmuel Sternberg	Enhanced hydrophobic membranes and methods for making such membranes
US20050202163A1 (en) *	2004-03-09	2005-09-15	Celgard Inc.	Method of making a composite microporous membrane
WO2006028292A1 (ja) *	2004-09-10	2006-03-16	Tokuyama Corporation	燃料電池用隔膜、及びその製造方法
US20070128425A1 (en) *	2005-12-07	2007-06-07	3M Innovative Properties Company	Reinforced ion-conductive membranes
FR2964456B1 (fr) *	2010-09-08	2013-05-10	Commissariat Energie Atomique	Dispositif de detection de fuite et revetement d'organe de transport ou de stockage de fluide comportant ce dispositif de detection
JP6770952B2 (ja)	2014-09-09	2020-10-21	シオン・パワー・コーポレーション	リチウムイオン電気化学電池における保護層、並びに関連する電極および方法
DE102017217669A1 (de) *	2017-10-05	2019-04-11	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Kompositmaterial zur Verwendung in elektrochemischer Festkörperelle
CN108305975B (zh) *	2018-01-09	2021-04-20	深圳中兴新材技术股份有限公司	一种用于锂离子电池的复合隔膜及其制备方法

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GB743926A (en) *	1953-05-18	1956-01-25	Pritchett & Gold & E P S Co Ltd	Improvements relating to diaphragms for use in ion exchange processes
US3231426A (en) *	1960-11-14	1966-01-25	Electro Optical Systems Inc	Continuous concentration cell
CA962021A (en) *	1970-05-21	1975-02-04	Robert W. Gore	Porous products and process therefor
DE2445380A1 (de) *	1974-09-23	1976-04-08	Siemens Ag	Hydrazin/sauerstoff-brennstoffelement fuer kleine leistungen
FR2428516A1 (fr) *	1978-06-16	1980-01-11	Radiotechnique Compelec	Perfectionnement a la realisation de photocoupleurs coplanaires
JPS56159128A (en) *	1980-05-15	1981-12-08	Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd	Thermoplastic resin porous film and production thereof
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US4758317A (en) *	1986-11-20	1988-07-19	Fmc Corporation	Process and cell for producing hydrogen peroxide
AU600380B2 (en) *	1987-12-14	1990-08-09	Hughes Aircraft Company	Gas permeable electrode for electrochemical system

1988
- 1988-10-27 US US07/263,452 patent/US4865930A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
1989
- 1989-08-31 EP EP89910478A patent/EP0394392B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-31 WO PCT/US1989/003716 patent/WO1990004858A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-08-31 JP JP1509832A patent/JPH03501868A/ja active Pending
- 1989-08-31 BR BR898907131A patent/BR8907131A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-08-31 KR KR1019900701393A patent/KR920010421B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1989-08-31 AU AU43120/89A patent/AU610438B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-09-08 IL IL9158689A patent/IL91586A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-13 ZA ZA896972A patent/ZA896972B/xx unknown
- 1989-09-14 MY MYPI89001250A patent/MY104205A/en unknown
- 1989-10-19 GR GR890100667A patent/GR1000481B/el unknown
- 1989-10-25 TR TR89/0896A patent/TR24723A/xx unknown
- 1989-10-25 MX MX18102A patent/MX164235B/es unknown
- 1989-10-26 EG EG51289A patent/EG18815A/xx active
- 1989-10-26 PH PH39421A patent/PH26441A/en unknown
- 1989-10-26 ES ES8903612A patent/ES2019172A6/es not_active Expired - Fee Related

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
KR920010421B1 (ko)	1992-11-27
EP0394392B1 (en)	1993-03-31
ZA896972B (en)	1991-04-24
MY104205A (en)	1994-02-28
ES2019172A6 (es)	1991-06-01
WO1990004858A1 (en)	1990-05-03
IL91586A (en)	1994-01-25
GR890100667A (en)	1990-11-29
TR24723A (tr)	1992-03-04
JPH03501868A (ja)	1991-04-25
IL91586A0 (en)	1990-04-29
KR900702586A (ko)	1990-12-07
GR1000481B (el)	1992-07-30
AU4312089A (en)	1990-05-14
BR8907131A (pt)	1991-02-13
MX164235B (es)	1992-07-27
EP0394392A1 (en)	1990-10-31
US4865930A (en)	1989-09-12
AU610438B2 (en)	1991-05-16
EG18815A (en)	1994-03-30

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US4865930A (en)	1989-09-12	Method for forming a gas-permeable and ion-permeable membrane
US4865925A (en)	1989-09-12	Gas permeable electrode for electrochemical system
RU2146406C1 (ru)	2000-03-10	Топливный элемент с мембраной, армированной волокном
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US5989741A (en)	1999-11-23	Electrochemical cell system with side-by-side arrangement of cells
US5399184A (en)	1995-03-21	Method for fabricating gas diffusion electrode assembly for fuel cells
US3012086A (en)	1961-12-05	Fuel cell
EP0286673B1 (en)	1991-07-10	Low temperature thermoelectrochemical system and method
AU600380B2 (en)	1990-08-09	Gas permeable electrode for electrochemical system
US6403517B1 (en)	2002-06-11	System and process for manufacturing microcell electrochemical devices and assemblies
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