PL10316B1

PL10316B1 - The method of processing waste acid from the refining of mineral oils.

Info

Publication number: PL10316B1
Application number: PL10316A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1928-03-22
Publication date: 1929-05-31

Description

Wynalazek dotyczy sposobu przeróbki kwasów odpadkowych, otrzymywanych w rafinerjach nafty przy rafinacji olejów smarowych. Materjal ten sposobem, beda¬ cym przedmiotem niniejszego wynalazku, zostaje przerobiony na emulsje plynna lub mase gesta, dajaca z woda emulsje plynna, dajaca sie mieszac z woda i zasadniczo trwala, to jest taka, której skladniki nie oddzielaja sie latwo od siebie. Emulsja ta moze byc stosowana jako srodek wiazacy do budowy nawierzchni dróg bitych, jako srodek pylochlonny, lub do wytwarzania brykietów weglowych, do pokrywania ka¬ mienia i materjalów budowlanych, oraz wogóle do wszystkich celów, które wyma¬ gaja zastosowania cial bitumicznych i a- sfaltowych w stanie plynnym wytwarzaja¬ cych nastepnie, po odparowaniu wody z emulsji, warstwe bitumiczna.Zasada niniejszego wynalazku polega na wytwarzaniu ze zneutralizowanego kwasu odpadkowego emulsji wodnej, przy uzyciu wodorotlenków lub weglanów alka¬ licznych, juzto bez uzycia specjalnych srodków emulgujacych, juzto przez zasto¬ sowanie jako srodka emulgujacego soli al¬ kalicznych produktów oddzialywania kwa¬ su siarkowego na oleje mineralne, tak zwa¬ nych suifoli, lub tez wód odpadkowych lu¬ gowych, otrzymywanych w rafinerjach nafty.Sposób przeróbki polega na tern, ze kwas odpadkowy zobojetnia sie wodoro¬ tlenkiem lub weglanem alkalicznym, które tworza sole z produktami oddzialywaniakwasu siarkowego na oleje mineralne, za- wariemi w kwasie odpadkowym. O ile ilosc tych soli y&st dostateczna: wytwarza sie nastepnie z woda emulsja gesta lub mniej lub wiecej plynna, dajaca z nadmiarem wody emulsje wodnista. Sposób opisany mozna zmienic tak, ze kwas odpadkowy pozbawia sie nadmiaru kwasu siarkowego przez wymycie woda lub traktowanie wap¬ nem, nastepnie usuwa sie nadmiar wodne¬ go roztworu, a otrzymany produkt emulgu- je jak wyzej z dodatkiem odpowiedniej ilo¬ sci czynnika emulgujacego.Przyklad L Dwie czesci sulfdlu rozpu¬ szczono w 34 czesciach wody, dodano 24 czesci sody oraz 45 czesci kwasu odpad¬ kowego. Czynnosc musi sie odbywac w na¬ czyniu ogrzewanem i umozliwiaj acem in¬ tensywne mieszanie; przy ciaglem miesza¬ niu i ogrzewaniu uzyskano emulsje ge¬ sta, dajaca z woda emulsje plynna.Przyklad IL Kwas odpadkowy wygoto¬ wano dwukrotnie z duzym nadmiarem wo¬ dy i usunieto roztwór wodny. Dwadziescia osiem czesci kwasu przemytego zmieszano z dziesiecioma czesciami sody, 0,2 czescia- niu i ogrzewaniu uzyskano emulsje ge- zej.Przyklad III. Osiemdziesiat jeden cze¬ sci kwasu odpadkowego przegotowano kil¬ kakrotnie z mlekiem wapiennem, odlewa¬ jac za kazdym razem plyn wodnisty, doda¬ no 16 czesci sody oraz 1,4 czesci sulfolu i wytworzono emulsje, jak wyzej.Przyklad IV. Kwas odpadkowy ogrze¬ wano, silnie mieszajac, z roztworem wegla¬ nu potasowego az do zobojetnienia, poczem dodano maly nadmiar weglanu oraz 40% wody; przez ogrzewanie i mieszanie wy¬ tworzono mase twarda, dajaca z woda emulsje. Weglan potasowy zastapic mozna wodorotlenkiem sodowym lub potasowym.Przyklad V. Asfalt otrzymamy z kwasu odpadkowego przez wygotowanie go kilka razy z woda az do obojetnego odczynu, o- grzewano z plynem, otrzymywanym w spo¬ sób nastepujacy: odpadkowy proszek od¬ barwiajacy od odbarwiania olejów smaro¬ wych traktowany woda lub roztworem al¬ kalicznym w autoklawie pod cisnieniem wydziela w odpowiednich warunkach trzy warstwy: górna — oleju, dolna — prosz¬ ku oraz srednia — roztworu wodnego, za¬ wierajacego nadmiar alkalji oraz sole so¬ dowe produktów oddzialywania kwasu siarkowego na oleje smarowe. Plyn ten, o- grzewany z asfaltem jak wyzej, daje mase miekka, ciagliwa, tworzaca z woda emul¬ sje.Przyklad VI. Kwas odpadkowy trakto¬ wano tak, jak w przykladzie V, i wytwo¬ rzono mase stala, tworzaca z woda emul¬ sje. PLThe invention relates to a method of treating waste acids obtained in kerosene refineries in the refining of lubricating oils. The material, which is the object of the present invention, is converted into a liquid emulsion or a solid mass in this manner, giving the water a liquid emulsion, miscible with water and essentially stable, ie one whose ingredients do not readily separate from each other. This emulsion can be used as a binder for the construction of paved roads, as a dust-absorbing agent, or for the production of carbon briquettes, for covering stone and building materials, and in general for all purposes that require the use of bituminous and asphalt bodies. in a liquid state, producing a bituminous layer after the water has evaporated from the emulsion. It is used as an emulsifying agent for the alkali salts of the products of the interaction of sulfuric acid with mineral oils, so-called suiphols, or also for waste water obtained in kerosene refineries. The treatment consists in the fact that the waste acid becomes hydrogenated an alkali oxide or carbonate which forms salts with the products of sulfuric acid interaction it is discharged into mineral oils, it will be mixed with waste acid. If the quantity of these salts is sufficient: then a thick emulsion or a more or less liquid emulsion is prepared with water, giving a watery emulsion with excess water. The process described can be changed so that the waste acid is stripped of excess sulfuric acid by washing with water or by treatment with lime, then the excess aqueous solution is removed and the product obtained is emulsified as above with the addition of an appropriate amount of emulsifying agent. L Two parts of sulfide dissolved in 34 parts of water, 24 parts of baking soda and 45 parts of waste acid were added. The operation must be carried out in a vessel that is heated and allows for intensive mixing; with continuous stirring and heating, a dense emulsion was obtained, giving a liquid emulsion with water. Example IL The spent acid was boiled twice with a large excess of water and the aqueous solution was removed. Twenty-eight parts of the washed acid were mixed with ten parts of baking soda, 0.2 parts and heating to obtain a geese emulsion. Example III. Eighty-one parts of the waste acid was boiled several times with lime milk, each time drained with an aqueous liquid, 16 parts of soda and 1.4 parts of sulfol were added, and emulsions were prepared as above. Example IV. The waste acid was heated with vigorous stirring with the potassium carbonate solution until it was neutral, and then a small excess of carbonate and 40% water were added; by heating and stirring a hard mass was formed which gave emulsions with water. Potassium carbonate can be replaced with sodium or potassium hydroxide. Example 5 Asphalt is obtained from waste acid by boiling it several times with water until neutral, heated with a liquid obtained in the following way: waste dyeing powder from discoloration of oils When treated with water or an alkaline solution in an autoclave under pressure, it separates, under appropriate conditions, of three layers: upper - oil, lower - powder and middle - of an aqueous solution containing excess alkali and sodium salts of sulfuric acid interactions for lubricating oils. This fluid, heated with the asphalt as above, produces a soft, tough mass that forms an emulsion with water. Example VI. The waste acid was treated as in Example 5, and a solid mass was produced which emulsified with the water. PL

Claims

Patent claims. 1. The method of processing waste acid from the refining of mineral oils, characterized by introducing the waste acid into a solution of alkali hydroxide or carbonate in order to neutralize and form an emulsion, keep the mass slightly alkaline and by heating and Intensive mixing, with or without the addition of water, produces a liquid or thick emulsion, forming an emulsion with water.

2. The method according to claim A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heated mixture is treated as an emulsifying agent for the body, containing only or partially the products of sulfuric acid treatment with mineral oils or also with alkali salts of these products.

3. The method according to p. 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the solution of alkali hydroxide or carbonate is completely or partially replaced by waste water obtained in the kerosene refinery, containing products of sulfuric acid interaction with mineral oils or also alkaline salts of these products . - 2 -

4. A variant of the method according to claim The process of claim 1, wherein the spent acid is treated with water, calcium oxide or hydroxide for total or partial neutralization.

5. A variant of the method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized by the addition of spent acid to the alkaline aqueous solution of the emulsifying agents, and by heating and intensive mixing, with or without the addition of water, an emulsion or a thick mass is formed, forming an emulsion with the water. . Stanislaw Gasiorowski. pavement of L. Boguslawski, Warsaw. PL